Steel Founders Society of America Handbook

SU

PP

LE

ME

NT

2

1999

SU

MM

AR

Y O

F S

TA

ND

AR

DS

PE

CIF

ICA

TIO

N F

OR

ST

EE

L C

AS

TIN

GS

1Ste

el C

astin

gs H

and

bo

ok

Supple

men

t 2

Su

mm

ary

of S

tan

dard

Spe

cific

atio

ns

Fo

r Ste

el C

astin

gs - 1

999

PR

EF

AC

E

Sup

ple

ment 2

will b

e re

vis

ed

at re

gu

lar in

terv

als

. Sup

ple

ment 2

is o

nly

a s

um

mary

that is

usefu

l in c

om

parin

g th

egenera

l require

ments

in d

iffere

nt ty

pes o

f specific

atio

ns. W

hen o

rderin

g, a

n u

p-to

-date

orig

inal s

pecific

atio

nshould

be

used.

CO

NT

EN

TS

PR

EF

AC

E...............................................................................................................................................................................

1

CO

NT

EN

TS

............................................................................................................................................................................1

OR

DE

RIN

G S

TE

EL

CA

ST

ING

S...........................................................................................................................................

2

SU

MM

AR

Y O

F M

AT

ER

IAL

SP

EC

IFIC

AT

ION

S F

OR

CA

RB

ON

AN

D A

LL

OY

CA

ST

ST

EE

LS

...................................6

SU

MM

AR

Y O

F M

AT

ER

IAL

SP

EC

IFIC

AT

ION

S F

OR

HIG

H A

LL

OY

CA

ST

ST

EE

LS

..................................................2

8

SU

MM

AR

Y O

F M

AT

ER

IAL

SP

EC

IFIC

AT

ION

S F

OR

CE

NT

RIF

UG

AL

LY

CA

ST

ST

EE

LS

.........................................4

4

SU

MM

AR

Y O

F S

TA

ND

AR

D T

ES

T M

ET

HO

DS

FO

R S

TE

EL

CA

ST

ING

S.....................................................................

49

SP

EC

IAL

ST

AN

DA

RD

PR

AC

TIC

ES

.................................................................................................................................5

4

CO

DE

AN

D S

PE

CIF

ICA

TIO

N A

GE

NC

IES

.......................................................................................................................5

6

Pre

pare

d b

y th

eS

PE

CIF

ICA

TIO

NS

CO

MM

ITT

EE

ST

EE

L F

OU

ND

ER

S S

OC

IET

Y O

F A

ME

RIC

A

Re

vis

ed

by D

avid

Po

we

leit - 1

999

Ord

ering S

teel Castin

gs

2

OR

DE

RIN

G S

TE

EL

CA

ST

ING

S

Ove

rvie

w

When m

akin

g in

qu

iries o

r ord

erin

g p

arts

, all p

ertin

ent in

form

atio

n m

ust b

e s

tate

d o

n b

oth

the in

quiry

and o

rder.

This

info

rmatio

n s

ho

uld

inclu

de a

ll of th

e fo

llow

ing

com

ponents

.1.

Castin

g s

hap

e

eith

er b

y d

raw

ing o

r patte

rn. D

raw

ings s

ho

uld

inclu

de d

imensio

nal to

lera

nces, in

dic

atio

ns o

fsurfa

ces to

be m

achin

ed, a

nd

datu

m p

oin

ts fo

r locatin

g. If o

nly

a p

atte

rn is

pro

vid

ed

, then th

e d

imensio

ns o

fth

e c

astin

g a

re a

s p

redic

ted b

y th

e p

atte

rn.

2.

Mate

rial s

pecific

atio

n a

nd

gra

de (e

.g. A

ST

M A

27/A

27M

9

5 G

rade 6

0-3

0 C

lass 1

).3.

Num

ber o

f parts

.4.

Sup

ple

menta

ry re

quire

ments

(e.g

. AS

TM

A 7

81/A

78

1M

9

5 S

2 R

ad

iogra

ph

ic E

xam

inatio

n).

A.

Test m

eth

ods (e

.g. A

ST

M E

94)

B.

Accepta

nce

crite

ria (e

.g. A

ST

M E

186 s

everity

level 2

, or M

SS

SP

-54-1

99

5).

5.

An

y o

ther in

form

atio

n th

at m

ight c

ontrib

ute

to th

e p

roductio

n a

nd u

se o

f the p

art.

To p

roduce a

part b

y a

ny m

anufa

ctu

ring p

rocess it is

necessary

to k

now

the d

esig

n o

f the p

art, th

e m

ate

rial to

be

used a

nd th

e te

stin

g re

quire

d. T

hese th

ree e

lem

ents

are

dis

cussed in

deta

il in th

e fo

llow

ing s

ectio

ns.

De

sig

n

Ba

ck

gro

un

d

To o

bta

in th

e h

igh

est q

uality

pro

duct, th

e p

art s

hou

ld b

e d

esig

ne

d to

take a

dvanta

ge o

f the fle

xib

ility o

f the c

astin

gpro

cess. T

he fo

undry

must h

ave e

ither th

e p

art d

raw

ing o

r patte

rn e

qu

ipm

ent a

nd

know

the n

um

ber o

f parts

to b

em

ade. T

o ta

ke a

dvanta

ge o

f the c

astin

g p

rocess, th

e fo

undry

shou

ld a

lso k

no

w w

hic

h s

urfa

ces a

re to

be

machin

ed

an

d w

here

datu

m p

oin

ts a

re lo

cate

d. R

eason

able

dim

ensio

na

l tole

rances m

ust b

e in

dic

ate

d w

here

adra

win

g is

pro

vid

ed. T

ole

rances a

re n

orm

ally

decid

ed b

y a

gre

em

ent b

etw

ee

n th

e fo

undry

and c

usto

mer. S

FS

AS

up

ple

ment 3

repre

sen

ts a

com

mon s

tarin

g p

oin

t for s

uch a

gre

em

ents

. Sup

ple

ment 3

is n

ot a

sp

ecific

atio

n a

nd

care

shou

ld b

e ta

ken to

reach a

gre

em

ent o

n w

hat to

lera

nces a

re re

quire

d. C

lose

coop

era

tion b

etw

een th

ecusto

mers

desig

n e

ngin

eers

and th

e fo

un

dry

s c

astin

g e

ngin

eers

is e

ssentia

l, to o

ptim

ize

the

castin

g d

esig

n, in

term

s o

f cost a

nd p

erfo

rmance. A

dditio

na

l gu

idelin

es fo

r castin

g d

esig

n a

re g

iven

in S

tee

l Castin

gs H

andb

ook

and S

up

ple

ment 1

,3, a

nd

4 o

f the S

teel C

astin

gs H

andb

ook.

Min

imu

m S

ectio

n T

hic

kn

es

s

The rig

idity

of a

sectio

n o

ften

go

vern

s th

e m

inim

um

thic

kness to

wh

ich a

sectio

n c

an b

e d

esig

ned. T

here

are

cases h

ow

ever w

hen a

very

thin

sectio

n w

ill suffic

e, d

ep

end

ing u

pon s

trength

an

d rig

idity

calc

ula

tions, a

nd w

hen

casta

bility

becom

es th

e g

overn

ing

facto

r. In th

ese c

ases it is

necessary

that a

limit o

f min

imum

sectio

n th

ickness

per le

ngth

be a

dopte

d in

ord

er fo

r the m

olte

n s

tee

l to c

om

ple

tely

fill the m

old

cavity

.

Molte

n s

teel c

ools

rapid

ly a

s it e

nte

rs a

mold

. In a

thin

sectio

n c

lose to

the

gate

, wh

ich d

eliv

ers

the

hot m

eta

l, the

mold

will fill re

ad

ily. A

t a d

ista

nce fro

m th

e g

ate

, the m

eta

l ma

y b

e to

o c

old

to fill th

e s

am

e th

in s

ectio

n. A

min

imum

thic

kness o

f 0.2

5 (6

mm

) is s

uggeste

d fo

r desig

n u

se w

hen

con

ven

tiona

l ste

el c

astin

g te

chn

iqu

es a

reem

plo

yed

. Wall th

icknesses o

f 0.0

60 (1

.5 m

m) a

nd s

ectio

ns ta

perin

g d

ow

n to

0.0

30 (0

.76 m

m) a

re c

om

mon fo

rin

vestm

ent c

astin

gs.

Dra

ft

Dra

ft is th

e a

mount o

f taper o

r the a

ng

le, w

hic

h m

ust b

e a

llow

ed o

n a

ll vertic

al fa

ces o

f a p

atte

rn to

perm

it itsre

moval fro

m th

e s

and m

old

with

out te

arin

g th

e m

old

wa

lls. D

raft s

hou

ld b

e a

dd

ed to

the d

esig

n d

imensio

ns b

ut

meta

l thic

kness m

ust b

e m

ain

tain

ed.

Regard

less o

f the ty

pe o

f pa

ttern

equ

ipm

ent u

sed

, dra

ft must b

e c

onsid

ere

d in

all c

astin

g d

esig

ns. D

raft c

an b

eelim

inate

d b

y th

e u

se o

f core

s; h

ow

ever, th

is a

dds s

ign

ificant c

osts

. In c

ases w

here

the a

mount o

f dra

ft ma

yaffe

ct th

e s

ubseque

nt u

se

of th

e c

astin

g, th

e d

raw

ing s

hou

ld s

pecify

wh

eth

er th

is d

raft is

to b

e a

dd

ed to

or

subtra

cte

d fro

m th

e c

astin

g d

imensio

ns a

s g

iven

.

Ord

ering S

teel Castin

gs

3

The n

ecessary

am

ount o

f dra

ft de

pen

ds u

po

n th

e s

ize o

f the c

astin

g, th

e m

eth

od o

f pro

ductio

n, a

nd w

heth

er

mold

ing is

by h

and o

r machin

e. M

achin

e m

old

ing w

ill requ

ire a

min

imum

am

ount o

f dra

ft. Inte

rior s

urfa

ces in

gre

en s

and m

old

ing u

sually

req

uire

more

dra

ft than

exte

rior s

urfa

ces. T

he a

mount o

f dra

ft recom

mended u

nder

norm

al c

onditio

ns is

ab

out 3

/16 in

ch p

er fo

ot (a

ppro

xim

ate

ly 1

.5 d

egre

es), a

nd th

is a

llow

ance w

ou

ld n

orm

ally

be

adde

d to

desig

n d

imensio

ns.

Partin

g L

ine

Partin

g p

ara

llel to

on

e p

lane

facilita

tes th

e p

rod

uctio

n o

f the

patte

rn a

s w

ell a

s th

e p

roductio

n o

f the m

old

.P

atte

rns w

ith s

traig

ht p

artin

g lin

es, p

artin

g lin

es p

ara

llel to

a s

ing

le p

lane

, can b

e p

roduce

d m

ore

easily

and a

tlo

wer c

ost th

an p

atte

rns w

ith irre

gu

lar p

artin

g lin

es.

Castin

g s

hap

es th

at a

re s

ym

metric

al a

bou

t on

e c

ente

rline o

r pla

ne re

adily

su

gg

est th

e p

artin

g lin

e. S

uch c

astin

gdesig

n s

implifie

s m

old

ing

an

d c

orin

g, a

nd s

hou

ld b

e u

se

d w

here

ver p

ossib

le. T

he

y s

hou

ld a

lwa

ys b

e m

ade a

ss

plit p

atte

rns w

hic

h re

qu

ire a

min

imum

of h

and

work

in th

e m

old

, impro

ve c

astin

g fin

ish, a

nd

reduce

costs

.

Co

res

A c

ore

is a

sep

ara

te u

nit fro

m th

e m

old

an

d is

use

d to

cre

ate

ope

nin

gs a

nd c

avitie

s th

at c

annot b

e m

ade b

y th

epatte

rn a

lon

e. E

very

atte

mpt s

hou

ld b

e m

ade b

y th

e d

esig

ner to

elim

inate

or re

duce th

e n

um

ber o

f core

s n

eede

dfo

r a p

artic

ula

r desig

n to

red

uce th

e fin

al c

ost o

f the c

astin

g. T

he m

inim

um

dia

mete

r of a

core

that c

an b

esuccessfu

lly u

sed in

ste

el c

astin

gs is

de

pen

de

nt u

pon th

ree fa

cto

rs; th

e th

ickness o

f the m

eta

l sectio

nsurro

undin

g th

e c

ore

, the le

ngth

of th

e c

ore

, and th

e s

pecia

l pre

ca

utio

ns a

nd p

rocedure

s u

sed b

y th

e fo

un

dry

.

The a

dvers

e th

erm

al c

ond

itions to

wh

ich th

e c

ore

is s

ubje

cte

d in

cre

ase in

severity

as th

e m

eta

l thic

kness

surro

undin

g th

e c

ore

incre

ases a

nd

the

core

dia

mete

r decre

ases. T

hese in

cre

asin

g a

mounts

of h

eat fro

m th

ehea

vy s

ectio

n m

ust b

e d

issip

ate

d th

rough

the

core

. As th

e s

everity

of th

e th

erm

al c

ond

ition in

cre

ases, th

ecle

an

ing

of th

e c

astin

gs a

nd c

ore

rem

oval b

ecom

es m

uch m

ore

diffic

ult a

nd e

xpensiv

e.

The th

ickness o

f the m

eta

l sectio

n s

urro

und

ing th

e c

ore

an

d th

e le

ng

th o

f the c

ore

affe

ct th

e b

end

ing s

tresses

ind

uced in

the c

ore

by b

uo

ya

ncy fo

rces a

nd th

ere

fore

the

ab

ility o

f the fo

undry

to o

bta

in th

e to

lera

nces re

quire

d.

If the s

ize o

f the c

ore

is la

rge

en

oug

h, ro

ds c

an o

ften b

e u

sed to

stre

ngth

en th

e c

ore

. Natu

rally

, as th

e m

eta

lth

ickness a

nd th

e c

ore

len

gth

incre

ase, th

e a

mount o

f rein

forc

em

ent re

quire

d to

resis

t the b

end

ing s

tresses a

lso

incre

ases. T

here

fore

, the m

inim

um

dia

mete

r core

must a

lso in

cre

ase

to a

ccom

modate

the e

xtra

rein

forc

ing

require

d.

The c

ost o

f rem

ovin

g c

ore

s fro

m c

astin

g c

avitie

s m

ay b

ecom

e p

rohib

itive

wh

en th

e a

reas to

be c

leaned

are

inaccessib

le. T

he c

astin

g d

esig

n s

hould

pro

vid

e fo

r ope

nin

gs s

uffic

iently

larg

e e

nou

gh to

perm

it read

y a

ccess fo

rth

e re

moval o

f the c

ore

.

Inte

rna

l So

un

dn

es

s/D

irec

tion

al S

olid

ifica

tion

Ste

el c

astin

gs b

eg

in to

solid

ify a

t the m

old

wall, fo

rmin

g a

contin

uously

thic

kenin

g e

nve

lop

e a

s h

eat is

dis

sip

ate

dth

roug

h th

e m

old

-meta

l inte

rface. T

he v

olu

metric

contra

ctio

n w

hic

h o

ccurs

with

in a

cro

ss s

ectio

n o

f a s

olid

ifyin

gcast m

em

ber m

ust b

e c

om

pensate

d b

y liq

uid

feed m

eta

l from

an a

djo

inin

g h

eavie

r sectio

n, o

r from

a ris

er w

hic

hserv

es a

s a

feed

meta

l reserv

oir a

nd w

hic

h is

pla

ced a

dja

cen

t to, o

r on

top

of, th

e h

ea

vie

r sectio

n.

The la

ck o

f suffic

ient fe

ed m

eta

l to c

om

pensate

for v

olu

metric

contra

ctio

n a

t the tim

e o

f solid

ificatio

n is

the c

ause

of s

hrin

kage c

avitie

s. T

he

y a

re fo

und in

sectio

ns w

hic

h, o

win

g to

desig

n, m

ust b

e fe

d th

rough th

inn

er s

ectio

ns.

The th

inn

er s

ectio

ns s

olid

ify to

o q

uic

kly

to p

erm

it liquid

feed m

eta

l to p

ass fro

m th

e ris

er to

the th

icker s

ectio

ns.

Ma

ch

inin

g

In th

e fin

al a

naly

sis

, the fo

un

dry

s c

astin

g e

ngin

eer is

responsib

le fo

r giv

ing th

e d

esig

ner a

cast p

rod

uct th

at is

capab

le o

f be

ing tra

nsfo

rmed b

y m

achin

ing to

meet th

e s

pecific

req

uire

ments

inte

nd

ed fo

r the fu

nctio

n o

f the

part.

To a

ccom

plis

h th

is g

oa

l a c

lose re

latio

nship

must b

e m

ain

tain

ed b

etw

een th

e c

usto

mers

eng

ineerin

g a

nd

purc

hasin

g s

taff a

nd th

e c

astin

g p

roducer. J

oin

tly, a

nd w

ith a

coo

pera

tive a

ppro

ach

, the fo

llow

ing p

oin

ts m

ust b

econsid

ere

d.

1.

The m

old

ing p

rocess, its

advan

tag

es a

nd its

limita

tions.

2.

Machin

ing s

tock a

llow

ance to

assure

cle

an u

p o

n a

ll machin

ed

surfa

ces.

3.

Desig

n in

rela

tion to

cla

mpin

g a

nd

fixtu

ring d

evic

es to

be

use

d d

urin

g m

achin

ing

.

Ord

ering S

teel Castin

gs

4

4.

Sele

ctio

n o

f mate

rial s

pecific

atio

n a

nd h

eat tre

atm

ent.

5.

Quality

of p

arts

to b

e p

roduce

d.

La

yo

ut

It is im

pera

tive th

at e

very

castin

g d

esig

n w

he

n firs

t pro

duce

d b

e c

hecked to

dete

rmin

e w

heth

er a

ll machin

ing

require

ments

calle

d fo

r on th

e d

raw

ings m

ay b

e a

ttain

ed

. This

ma

y b

e b

est a

ccom

plis

hed b

y h

avin

g a

com

ple

tela

yout o

f the s

am

ple

castin

g to

make s

ure

that a

de

qua

te s

tock a

llow

ance fo

r machin

ing e

xis

ts o

n a

ll surfa

ces

requirin

g m

achin

ing. F

or m

an

y d

esig

ns o

f sim

ple

config

ura

tion th

at c

an b

e m

easure

d w

ith a

sim

ple

rule

, acom

ple

te la

yo

ut o

f the

castin

g m

ay n

ot b

e n

ecessary

. In o

ther c

ases, w

here

the m

achin

ing d

imensio

ns a

re m

ore

com

plic

ate

d, it m

ay b

e a

dvis

able

tha

t the c

astin

g b

e c

hecked m

ore

com

ple

tely

, ca

lling fo

r targ

et p

oin

ts a

nd th

escrib

ing o

f lines to

ind

icate

all m

achin

ed

surfa

ces.

Ma

teria

l

The m

ate

rial to

be u

se

d to

pro

duce th

e p

art m

ust b

e id

entifie

d in

the o

rder. M

ate

rial fo

r ste

el c

astin

gs is

gen

era

llyord

ere

d to

AS

TM

req

uire

ments

, alth

ou

gh o

ther s

pecific

atio

ns m

ay b

e u

sed. T

his

supple

ment c

onta

ins a

sum

mary

of th

e s

cope, c

hem

ical c

om

positio

n re

qu

irem

ents

and m

echanic

al p

rop

erty

requ

irem

ents

of th

ese m

ate

rial o

rpro

duct s

pecific

atio

ns. M

an

y re

quire

ments

are

com

mon to

severa

l sp

ecific

atio

ns a

nd a

re g

ive

n in

AS

TM

A 7

81/A

781M

, AS

TM

A 7

03/A

703M

, AS

TM

A 9

57

, AS

TM

A 9

85, a

nd

ISO

499

0.

AS

TM

A 7

81

/A 7

81

M

97

CA

ST

ING

S, S

TE

EL A

ND

AL

LO

Y, C

OM

MO

N R

EQ

UIR

EM

EN

TS

, FO

RG

EN

ER

AL IN

DU

ST

RIA

L U

SE

This

specific

atio

n c

overs

a g

rou

p o

f requ

irem

ents

that a

re m

andato

ryre

quire

ments

of th

e fo

llow

ing

ste

el c

astin

g s

pecific

atio

ns is

sued

by A

meric

an

Socie

ty o

f Testin

g a

nd M

ate

rials

(AS

TM

). If the p

roduct s

pecific

atio

n s

pecifie

sdiffe

rent re

qu

irem

ents

, the p

roduct s

pecific

atio

n s

ha

ll pre

vail. A

ST

MD

esig

natio

ns: A

27/A

27

M, A

12

8/A

12

8M

, A 1

48/A

148M

, A 2

97/A

29

7M

, A447/A

447M

, A 4

86/A

486

M, A

494/A

494M

, A 5

60

/A 5

60

M, A

743/A

743M

, A744/A

744M

, A 7

47/A

747

M, A

890/A

890M

, A 9

15

/A 9

15

M, a

nd A

958.

AS

TM

A 7

03

/A 7

03

M

97

ST

EE

L C

AS

TIN

GS

, GE

NE

RA

L R

EQ

UIR

EM

EN

TS

, FO

R P

RE

SS

UR

EC

ON

TA

ININ

G P

AR

TS

This

specific

atio

n c

overs

a g

rou

p o

f com

mon re

quire

ments

that, u

nle

ss o

therw

ise

specifie

d in

an in

div

idual s

pecific

atio

n, s

hall a

pp

ly to

ste

el c

astin

gs fo

r pre

ssure

-conta

inin

g p

arts

un

der e

ach o

f the fo

llow

ing A

ST

M s

pecific

atio

ns. A

ST

MD

esig

natio

ns: A

216/A

216M

, A 2

17

/A 2

17

M, A

35

1/A

35

1M

, A 3

52/A

352

M, A

389/A

389M

, A 4

87/A

487

M, A

985, A

990, a

nd

A 9

95

.

AS

TM

A 9

57

9

6IN

VE

ST

ME

NT

CA

ST

ING

S, S

TE

EL A

ND

ALLO

Y, C

OM

MO

N R

EQ

UIR

EM

EN

TS

,F

OR

GE

NE

RA

L IN

DU

ST

RIA

L U

SE

This

specific

atio

n c

overs

a g

rou

p o

f requ

irem

ents

that a

re m

andato

ry fo

r castin

gs

pro

duce

d b

y th

e in

vestm

ent c

astin

g p

rocess to

meet th

e m

eta

llurg

ical

require

ments

of th

e fo

llow

ing

ste

el c

astin

g s

pecific

atio

ns is

sued

by A

ST

M.

AS

TM

Desig

na

tions: A

27/A

27M

, A 1

48/A

148

M, A

297

/A 2

97M

, A 4

47/A

447

M,

A 4

94/A

49

4M

, A 5

60/A

560

M, A

73

2/A

73

2M

, A 7

43/A

743

M, A

74

4/A

74

4M

, A747/A

747M

, A 8

90/A

890

M, a

nd A

915/A

915

M.

AS

TM

A 9

85

9

8S

TE

EL IN

VE

ST

ME

NT

CA

ST

ING

S G

EN

ER

AL R

EQ

UIR

EM

EN

TS

, FO

RP

RE

SS

UR

E-C

ON

TA

ININ

G P

AR

TS

This

specific

atio

n c

overs

a g

rou

p o

f com

mon re

quire

ments

, wh

ich a

re m

andato

ryfo

r ste

el c

astin

gs p

rod

uced b

y th

e in

vestm

ent c

astin

g p

rocess fo

r pre

ssure

-conta

inin

g p

arts

un

der e

ach o

f the fo

llow

ing A

ST

M s

pecific

atio

ns. A

ST

MD

esig

natio

ns: A

216/A

216M

, A 2

17

/A 2

17

M, A

35

1/A

35

1M

, A 3

52/A

352

M, A

389/A

389M

, an

d A

48

7/A

48

7M

.

Ord

ering S

teel Castin

gs

5

ISO

49

90

ST

EE

L C

AS

TIN

GS

G

EN

ER

AL T

EC

HN

ICA

L D

ELIV

ER

Y R

EQ

UIR

EM

EN

TS

Te

sts

Testin

g e

nsure

s th

at th

e m

ate

rial m

eets

the re

quire

ments

of th

e s

pecific

atio

n; c

onse

que

ntly

, testin

g is

mandato

ry.

More

freque

nt te

stin

g o

r oth

er te

sts

ma

y b

e im

posed b

y u

se

of s

upple

menta

ry re

quire

ments

of p

roduct

specific

atio

ns o

r ge

nera

l req

uire

ment s

pecific

atio

ns. T

he le

ast te

stin

g d

on

e c

onsis

ten

t with

the g

oa

ls a

llow

s fo

rth

e m

ost e

conom

ical p

rod

uct.

In a

dditio

n to

sp

ecify

ing te

st m

eth

ods, a

ccepta

nce c

riteria

must b

e a

gre

ed o

n. T

he m

ore

testin

g a

nd tig

hte

r the

accepta

nce c

riteria

, the m

ore

expensiv

e th

e s

teel c

astin

g p

rod

uced, w

ithou

t necessarily

incre

asin

g th

e q

uality

or

serv

icea

bility

of th

e s

tee

l castin

g. H

ence

, the e

xte

nt o

f testin

g a

nd

accepta

nce c

riteria

sh

ould

be b

ase

d o

n th

edesig

n a

nd s

erv

ice re

quire

ments

.

The m

echan

ical p

rop

ertie

s re

qu

ired a

re o

bta

ine

d fro

m te

st b

ars

cast s

epara

tely

from

or a

ttache

d to

the

castin

gs to

whic

h th

ey re

fer. T

he m

echanic

al p

ropertie

s o

bta

ine

d re

pre

se

nt th

e q

ua

lity o

f ste

el, b

ut d

o n

ot n

ecessarily

repre

sent th

e p

ropertie

s o

f the c

astin

gs th

em

selv

es. S

olid

ificatio

n c

ond

itions a

nd ra

te, if c

oolin

g d

urin

g h

ea

ttre

atm

ent, a

ffect th

e p

ropertie

s o

f the c

astin

g, w

hic

h in

turn

are

influ

ence

d b

y c

astin

g th

ickness, s

ize, a

nd s

hape

.In

partic

ula

r, the h

ard

en

ability

of s

om

e g

rades m

ay re

stric

t the m

axim

um

siz

e a

t whic

h th

e re

qu

ired m

echanic

al

pro

pertie

s a

re o

bta

inab

le.

Carb

on

and

Allo

y S

pecificatio

ns

6

SU

MM

AR

Y O

F M

AT

ER

IAL

SP

EC

IFIC

AT

ION

SF

OR

CA

RB

ON

AN

D A

LL

OY

CA

ST

ST

EE

LS

The A

meric

an S

ocie

ty o

f Mecha

nic

al E

ng

ine

ers

(AS

ME

) Boile

r and P

ressure

Vessel C

od

e m

akes e

xte

nsiv

e u

se

of th

e A

ST

M s

pecific

atio

ns w

ith s

light m

odific

atio

ns. F

or th

e s

ake o

f com

paris

on, th

e A

SM

E s

pecific

atio

ns u

se

the p

refa

ce S

A s

o th

at S

A 2

16 is

rela

ted

to A

ST

M A

216

/A 2

16M

. Ho

wever, w

hile

AS

TM

A 2

16/A

216

M c

ou

ld b

eused fo

r the s

ake o

f com

paris

on o

f gra

des, A

SM

E S

A 2

16 c

onta

ined in

Sectio

n II, m

ust b

e u

sed

whe

n c

om

ply

ing

with

the c

ode.

The A

meric

an Iro

n a

nd S

tee

l Institu

te (A

ISI) a

nd th

e S

ocie

ty o

f Au

tom

otiv

e E

ngin

eers

(SA

E) d

eve

lop

ed a

four

num

ber w

rou

ght a

lloy d

esig

natio

n s

yste

m, w

hic

h is

used e

xte

nsiv

ely

. These s

tee

ls h

ave b

ee

n id

en

tified

in th

eA

ISI c

lassific

atio

n b

y a

num

eric

al in

dex s

yste

m th

at is

partia

lly d

escrip

tive o

f the c

om

positio

n. T

he firs

t dig

itin

dic

ate

s th

e ty

pe to

whic

h th

e s

tee

l belo

ngs. A

1 in

dic

ate

s a

carb

on

ste

el, a

2 in

dic

ate

s a

nic

kel s

teel, a

nd a

dig

it gre

ate

r than

2 in

dic

ate

s a

lloys o

ther th

an n

ickel o

r allo

y c

om

bin

atio

ns. F

or lo

w a

lloy s

tee

ls, th

e s

econ

d d

igit

ind

icate

s th

e a

ppro

xim

ate

perc

enta

ge o

f the p

redom

inant a

lloy e

lem

ent. U

sua

lly th

e la

st tw

o o

r thre

e d

igits

ind

icate

the a

vera

ge c

arb

on

conte

nt in

poin

ts, o

r hu

ndre

dth

s o

f a p

erc

ent. T

hus, 2

34

0 in

dic

ate

s a

nic

kel s

teel

of a

ppro

xim

ate

ly 3

% n

ickel (3

.25

to 3

.75) a

nd

0.4

0%

carb

on (0

.38 to

0.4

3). T

he b

asic

num

era

ls fo

r the v

ario

us

typ

es o

f AIS

I ste

els

(inclu

din

g p

lain

-carb

on s

teels

) are

liste

d in

the ta

ble

belo

w. T

he b

asic

num

berin

g s

yste

madop

ted b

y th

e S

ocie

ty o

f Au

tom

otiv

e E

ng

ine

ers

is q

uite

sim

ilar, d

ifferin

g o

nly

in m

inor d

eta

ils. T

he S

AE

Hand

book s

hould

be c

onsulte

d fo

r com

paris

on.

AIS

I Cla

ssific

atio

n S

yste

m

Serie

sD

esig

natio

nT

yp

e

10xx

Nonre

su

lph

uriz

ed c

arb

on s

teel g

rad

es

11xx

Resulp

huriz

ed c

arb

on s

tee

l gra

des

12xx

Reph

osphoriz

ed a

nd re

su

lph

uriz

ed c

arb

on s

tee

l gra

des

13xx

Mang

an

ese 1

.75%

15xx

Mang

an

ese o

ver 1

.00 to

1.6

5%

23xx

Nic

kel 3

.50%

25xx

Nic

kel 5

.00%

31xx

Nic

kel 1

.25%

- Chro

miu

m 0

.65%

33xx

Nic

kel 3

.50%

- Chro

miu

m 1

.55%

40xx

Moly

bden

um

0.2

5%

41xx

Chro

miu

m 0

.50 o

r 0.9

5%

- Mo

lyb

de

num

0.1

2 o

r 0.2

0%

43xx

Nic

kel 1

.80%

- Chro

miu

m 0

.50 to

0.8

0%

- Mo

lyb

de

num

0.2

5%

44xx

Moly

bden

um

0.4

0 o

r 0.5

3%

46xx

Nic

kel 1

.55 o

r 1.8

0%

- Moly

bden

um

0.2

0 o

r 0.2

5%

47xx

Nic

kel 1

.05%

- Chro

miu

m 0

.45%

- Mo

lyb

de

num

0.2

0%

48xx

Nic

kel 3

.50%

- Mo

lyb

de

num

0.2

5%

50xx

Chro

miu

m 0

.28 o

r 0.4

0%

51xx

Chro

miu

m 0

.80, 0

.90, 0

.95, 1

.00 o

r 1.0

5%

5xxx

Carb

on 1

.00%

- Chro

miu

m 0

.50, 1

.00 o

r 1.4

5%

61xx

Chro

miu

m 0

.80 o

r 0.9

5%

- Va

nad

ium

0.1

0%

or 0

.15%

min

.

81xx

Nic

kel 0

.30

Chro

miu

m 0

.40 - M

oly

bd

enum

0.1

2

86xx

Nic

kel 0

.55%

- Chro

miu

m 0

.50 o

r 0.6

5%

- Moly

bden

um

0.2

0%

87xx

Nic

kel 0

.55%

- Chro

miu

m 0

.50%

- Mo

lyb

de

num

0.2

5%

88xx

Nic

kel 0

.55%

- Chro

miu

m 0

.50%

- Mo

lyb

de

num

0.3

5%

92xx

Mang

an

ese 0

.85%

- Silic

on 2

.00%

93xx

Nic

kel 3

.25%

- Chro

miu

m 1

.20%

- Mo

lyb

de

num

0.1

2%

BD

enote

s b

oro

n s

tee

l (e.g

. 51

B60)

BV

Denote

s b

oro

n-v

ana

diu

m s

teel (e

.g. T

S 4

3B

V12 o

r TS

43

BV

14)

LD

enote

s le

ade

d s

teel (e

.g. 1

0L1

8)

Need

less to

sa

y, th

is lis

t repre

sentin

g a

s it d

oes, a

sta

ndard

izatio

n a

nd s

implific

atio

n o

f tho

usands o

f allo

y-s

teel

com

positio

ns, is

a v

ery

va

lua

ble

aid

to th

e s

pecific

atio

n a

nd c

ho

ice o

f allo

y s

teels

for v

ario

us a

pp

licatio

ns. M

any

Carb

on

and

Allo

y S

pecificatio

ns

7

of th

ese s

tee

ls w

ere

de

ve

lop

ed fo

r specific

ap

plic

atio

ns, a

nd th

eir c

ontin

ual s

atis

facto

ry p

erfo

rmance h

as re

sulte

din

a c

onsid

era

ble

degre

e o

f sta

nd

ard

iza

tion o

f ap

plic

atio

n a

mong th

ese c

om

positio

ns. T

hese d

esig

natio

ns c

an b

eord

ere

d in

castin

gs th

rou

gh th

e u

se

of A

ST

M A

14

8/A

14

8M

, A 9

15/A

915

M, o

r A 9

58 b

ut c

are

must b

e u

se

d to

sele

ct a

gra

de w

ith c

om

patib

le m

echanic

al p

ropertie

s. A

lso th

e w

roug

ht c

om

positio

n m

ust b

e m

odifie

d, e

specia

llyth

e s

ilico

n a

nd m

anganese

conte

nt to

allo

w fo

r castin

g.

Belo

w is

a lis

t of c

arb

on

and

allo

y c

ast s

teel s

pecific

atio

ns, w

ith s

um

mary

deta

ils o

n th

e fo

llow

ing p

ages. N

ote

that th

e v

alu

es g

iven

in th

e s

um

mary

of th

e s

pecific

atio

ns a

re s

tate

d w

ith e

ither U

.S. C

on

ve

ntio

nal U

nits

(US

CS

)or M

etric

(SI) u

nits

, and a

re to

be re

gard

ed s

ep

ara

tely

. Units

giv

en in

bra

ckets

are

SI u

nits

. The v

alu

es s

tate

d in

each s

yste

m a

re n

ot e

xact e

quiv

ale

nts

(soft c

onvers

ion); th

ere

fore

, each s

yste

m m

ust b

e u

sed in

dep

end

ently

of

the o

ther. C

om

bin

ing v

alu

es fro

m th

e tw

o s

yste

ms, b

y u

sin

g c

onvers

ion e

qu

atio

ns (h

ard

con

vers

ion), m

ay re

su

ltin

nonconfo

rmance w

ith th

e s

pecific

atio

n. A

lso n

ote

that th

e v

alu

es in

the ta

ble

are

giv

en in

a m

inim

um

over

maxim

um

form

at. T

his

means th

at if th

e v

alu

e is

a m

inim

um

it will b

e lis

ted

in th

e u

pper p

ortio

n o

f the

specific

atio

ns

table

row

and in

the

low

er p

ortio

n o

f the ro

w if it is

a m

axim

um

valu

e. F

inally

, note

that ta

ble

s a

nd

their fo

otn

ote

s m

ay b

e s

plit a

cro

ss tw

o o

r more

pages.

AA

R M

-201-9

2S

teel C

astin

gs

AB

S 2

/1.7

Hull S

teel C

astin

gs

AB

S 2

/2.2

3S

teel C

astin

gs fo

r Machin

ery

, Boile

rs, a

nd P

ressure

Vessels

AS

TM

A 2

7/A

27M

9

5S

teel C

astin

gs, C

arb

on, fo

r Genera

l Applic

atio

nA

ST

M A

148/A

148M

9

3b

Ste

el C

astin

gs, H

igh S

trength

, for S

tructu

ral P

urp

oses

AS

TM

A 2

16/A

216M

9

3S

teel C

astin

gs, C

arb

on, S

uita

ble

for F

usio

n W

eld

ing, fo

r Hig

h-T

em

pera

ture

Serv

ice

AS

TM

A 2

17/A

217M

9

5S

teel C

astin

gs, M

arte

nsitic

Sta

inle

ss a

nd A

lloy, fo

r Pre

ssure

-conta

inin

g P

arts

, Suita

ble

for H

igh-

Tem

pera

ture

Serv

ice

AS

TM

A 3

52/A

352M

9

3S

teel C

astin

gs, F

erritic

and M

arte

nsitic

, for P

ressure

-Conta

inin

g P

arts

, Suita

ble

for L

ow

-Tem

pera

ture

Serv

ice

AS

TM

A 3

56/A

356M

9

8S

teel C

astin

gs, C

arb

on, L

ow

Allo

y a

nd S

tain

less S

teel, H

eavy W

alle

d fo

r Ste

am

Turb

ines

AS

TM

A 3

89/A

389M

9

3S

teel C

astin

gs, A

lloy, S

pecia

lly H

eat-tre

ate

d, fo

r Pre

ssure

-Conta

inin

g P

arts

, Suita

ble

for H

igh-

Tem

pera

ture

Serv

ice

AS

TM

A 4

87/A

487M

9

3S

teel C

astin

gs, S

uita

ble

for P

ressure

Serv

ice

AS

TM

A 5

97

93

Cast T

ool S

teel

AS

TM

A 7

32/A

732M

9

8C

astin

gs, In

vestm

ent, C

arb

on a

nd L

ow

Allo

y, fo

r Genera

l Applic

atio

n, a

nd C

obalt A

lloy fo

r Hig

hS

trength

at E

levate

d T

em

pera

ture

sA

ST

M A

757/A

757M

9

0S

teel C

astin

gs, F

erritic

and M

arte

nis

tic fo

r Pre

ssure

-Conta

inin

g a

nd O

ther A

pplic

atio

ns, fo

r Low

-T

em

pera

ture

Serv

ice

AS

TM

A 9

15/A

915M

9

3S

teel C

astin

gs, C

arb

on, a

nd A

lloy, C

hem

ical R

equire

ments

Sim

ilar to

Sta

ndard

Wro

ught G

rades

AS

TM

A 9

58

96

Ste

el C

astin

gs, C

arb

on, a

nd A

lloy, w

ith T

ensile

Require

ments

, Chem

ical R

equire

ments

Sim

ilar to

Sta

ndard

Wro

ught G

rades

FE

DE

RA

L Q

Q-S

-681F

Ste

el C

astin

gs

ISO

3755

Cast c

arb

on s

teels

for g

enera

l engin

eerin

gIS

O 4

991

Ste

el c

astin

gs fo

r pre

ssure

purp

oses

ISO

9477

Hig

h s

trength

cast s

teels

for g

enera

l engin

eerin

g a

nd s

tructu

ral p

urp

oses

ISO

DIS

13521

Auste

nitic

manganese s

teel c

astin

gs

ISO

WD

14737(c

)C

ast c

arb

on a

nd lo

w a

lloy s

teels

for g

enera

l use

Llo

yds

Regis

ter R

ule

2.4

.1S

teel C

astin

gs p

art 2

, chapte

r 4, s

ectio

n 1

: Genera

l require

ments

Llo

yds

Regis

ter R

ule

2.4

.2S

teel C

astin

gs p

art 2

, chapte

r 4, s

ectio

n 2

: Castin

gs fo

r ship

and o

ther s

tructu

ral a

pplic

atio

ns

Llo

yds

Regis

ter R

ule

2.4

.3S

teel C

astin

gs p

art 2

, chapte

r 4, s

ectio

n 3

: Castin

gs fo

r machin

ery

constru

ctio

nLlo

yds

Regis

ter R

ule

2.4

.4S

teel C

astin

gs p

art 2

, chapte

r 4, s

ectio

n 4

: Castin

gs fo

r cra

nkshafts

Llo

yds

Regis

ter R

ule

2.4

.5S

teel C

astin

gs p

art 2

, chapte

r 4, s

ectio

n 5

: Castin

gs fo

r pro

pelle

rsLlo

yds

Regis

ter R

ule

2.4

.6S

teel C

astin

gs p

art 2

, chapte

r 4, s

ectio

n 6

: Castin

gs fo

r boile

rs, p

ressure

vessels

and p

ipin

g s

yste

ms

Llo

yds

Regis

ter R

ule

2.4

.7S

teel C

astin

gs p

art 2

, chapte

r 4, s

ectio

n 7

: Ferritic

ste

el c

astin

gs fo

r low

tem

pera

ture

serv

ice

Llo

yds

Regis

ter R

ule

2.4

.9S

teel C

astin

gs p

art 2

, chapte

r 4, s

ectio

n 9

: Ste

el c

astin

gs fo

r conta

iner c

orn

er fittin

gs

MIL

-C-2

4707/1

Castin

gs, F

erro

us, fo

r Machin

ery

and S

tructu

ral A

pplic

atio

ns

MIL

-C-2

4707/2

Castin

gs, fo

r Pre

ssure

Conta

inin

g P

arts

Suita

ble

for H

igh T

em

pera

ture

Serv

ice

MIL

-S-8

70B

Ste

el C

astin

gs, M

oly

bdenum

Allo

yM

IL-S

-15083B

(NA

VY

)S

teel C

astin

gs

MIL

-S-1

5464B

(SH

IPS

)S

teel A

lloy, C

hro

miu

m-M

oly

bdenum

; Castin

gs

MIL

-S-2

3008D

(SH

)S

teel C

astin

gs, A

lloy, H

igh Y

ield

Stre

ngth

(HY

-80 a

nd H

Y-1

00)

MIL

-S-4

6052A

(MR

)S

teel C

astin

gs, H

igh S

trength

, Low

Allo

yS

AE

J435c

Auto

motiv

e S

teel C

astin

gs

Carbon and Alloy Specifications 8

AAR M-201-92 STEEL CASTINGS

These specifications cover carbon and alloy steel castings for locomotive and car equipment and for miscellaneous use graded asA, B, C, D, and E. AAR Specification M-201 provides for all castings unless another AAR Specification for a particular productprovides for a variation.

GRADE & HEAT TREATMENT MECHANICAL PROPERTIES (minimum unless range given) CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, % (maximum percent unless range given)

Grade Heat Treatment Tensile Strength Yield Strength Elong Red A Other TestsABC C Mn P S Si Ni Cr Mo Otherand UNS ksi MPa Ksi MPa % % Hardness (BHN)

A Unannealed 60 30 22 30 108160 0.32D 0.90D 0.04 0.04 1.50

A A or N 60 30 26 38 108106 0.32D 0.90D 0.04 0.04 1.50

B N or NT 70 38 24 36 137208 0.32D 0.90D 0.04 0.04 1.50

C NT or QT 90 60 22 45 179241 0.32 1.85 0.04 0.04 1.50

D QT 105 85 17 35 211285 0.32 1.85 0.04 0.04 1.50

E QT 120 100 14 30 241311 0.32 1.85 0.04 0.04 1.50

A Grades D and E steel - composition of the steel, except for coupler locks, shall produce in the standard Jominy test the minimum hardness at 7/16 from the quenched end for the carbon composition asfollows, based on the initial composition: up to 0.25% carbon = 30 HRC minimum, 0.25-0.30% carbon = 33 HRC minimum, and 0.31-0.32% carbon = 35 HRC minimum

B Impact test - the steel shall possess properties determined by testing standard Charpy V-notch Type A specimens prepared as illustrated in Figure 11 in ASTM Designation A 370: grade B 15 ft-lbs @20 F, grade C (NT) 15 ft-lbs @ 0 F, grade C (QT) 20 ft-lbs @ -40 F, grade D 20 ft-lbs @ -40 F, and grade E 20 ft-lbs @ -40 F

C Dynamic tear and nil ductility test temperature (alternate impact property test): grade B 60 F, grade C (NT) 60 F, grade C (QT) -60 F, grade D -60 F, and grade E -60 F (see original specification for fulldetails)

D Grades A and B steel for each reduction of 0.01% carbon below the maximum specified, an increase of 0.04% manganese above the maximum specified will be permitted to a maximum of 1.2%

ABS 2/1.7 HULL STEEL CASTINGS

Requirements cover carbon-steel castings intended to be used in hull construction and equipment as distinguished from high-temperature applications.


Grade Heat Treatment Tensile Strength Yield Strength Elong Red A Other Tests C Mn P S Si Ni Cr Mo Otherand UNS ksi MPa Ksi MPa % %

A, N, or NT 415 205 24 35

ABS 2/2.23 STEEL CASTINGS FOR MACHINERY, BOILERS, AND PRESSURE VESSELS

Requirements cover carbon-steel castings intended to be used in machinery, boiler, and pressure-vessel construction.



Grade Heat Treatment Tensile Strength Yield Strength Elong Red A Other Tests C Mn P S Si Ni Cr Mo Otherand UNS ksi MPa Ksi Mpa % %

1 A, N, or NT 415 205 24 35

2 A, N, or NT 485 250 22 30

3 A, N, or NT 415 205 24 35

4 A, N, or NT 485 250 22 35

ASTM A 27/A 27M 95 STEEL CASTINGS, CARBON, FOR GENERAL APPLICATION

This specification covers carbon steel castings for general applications that require up to 70 ksi (485 Mpa) minimum tensilestrength.


GradeA Heat Treatment Tensile Strength Yield Strength Elong Red A Other Tests CB MnB P S Si NiC CrC MoC OtherCand UNS ksi MPa ksi MPa % %

N-1

0.25 0.75 0.05 0.06 0.80 0.50 0.50 0.25 Cu 0.50N-2 A, N, NT, or QT

0.35 0.60 0.05 0.06 0.80 0.50 0.50 0.25 Cu 0.50U-60-30[415-205]

60 415 30 205 22 30

0.25 0.75 0.05 0.06 0.80 0.50 0.50 0.25 Cu 0.5060-30[415-205]J03000

A, N, NT, or QT 60 415 30 205 24 35

0.30 0.60 0.05 0.06 0.80 0.50 0.50 0.25 Cu 0.5065-35[450-240]J03001

A, N, NT, or QT 65 450 35 240 24 35

0.30 0.70 0.05 0.06 0.80 0.50 0.50 0.25 Cu 0.5070-36[485-250]J03501

A, N, NT, or QT 70 485 36 250 22 30

0.35 0.70 0.05 0.06 0.80 0.50 0.50 0.25 Cu 0.5070-40[485-275]J02501

A, N, NT, or QT 70 485 40 275 22 30

0.25 1.20 0.05 0.06 0.80 0.50 0.50 0.25 Cu 0.50

A Specify Class 1 (post weld heat treatment required) or Class 2 (no PWHT needed) in addition to grade designation

B For each reduction of 0.01% carbon below the maximum specified, an increase of 0.04% manganese above the maximum specified will be permitted to a maximum of 1.40% for grades 70-40 and 1.00%for other grades

C Supplementary requirement not required unless stipulated by customer - maximum content of unspecified elements; total maximum content of unspecified elements is 1.00%

ASTM A 148/A 148M 93b STEEL CASTINGS, HIGH STRENGTH, FOR STRUCTURAL PURPOSES

This specification covers carbon steel and alloy steel castings that are to be subjected to higher mechanical stresses than thosecovered in Specification A 27/A 27M.

ABS 2/2.23 Continued



Grade Heat Treatment Tensile Strength Yield Strength Elong Red A Other TestsA CB MnB P S SiB Ni Cr Mo Otherand UNS ksi MPa ksi MPa % % Impact

80-40[550-275]

A, N, NT, or QT 80 550 40 275 18 30

0.05 0.0680-50[550-345]

A, N, NT, or QT 80 550 50 345 22 35

0.05 0.0690-60[620-415]

A, N, NT, or QT 90 620 60 415 20 40

0.05 0.06105-85[725-585]J31575

A, N, NT, or QT 105 725 85 585 17 35

0.05 0.06115-95[795-655]

A, N, NT, or QT 115 795 95 655 14 30

0.05 0.06130-115[895-795]

A, N, NT, or QT 130 895 115 795 11 25

0.05 0.06135-125[930-860]

A, N, NT, or QT 135 930 125 860 9 22

0.05 0.06150-135[1035-930]

A, N, NT, or QT 150 1035 135 930 7 18

0.05 0.06160-145[1105-1000]

A, N, NT, or QT 160 1105 145 1000 6 12

0.05 0.06165-150[1140-1035]

A, N, NT, or QT 165 1140 150 1035 5 20

0.05 0.020165-150L[1140-1035L]

A, N, NT, or QT 165 1140 150 1035 5 20 20 ft-lb [27 J]

0.05 0.020210-180[1450-1240]

A, N, NT, or QT 210 1450 180 1240 4 15

0.05 0.020210-180L[1450-1240L]

A, N, NT, or QT 210 1450 180 1240 4 15 15 ft-lb [20 J]

0.05 0.020260-210[1795-1450]

A, N, NT, or QT 260 1795 210 1450 3 6

0.05 0.020260-210L[1795-1450L]

A, N, NT, or QT 260 1795 210 1450 3 6 6 ft-lb [8 J]

0.05 0.020

A Impact requirements are only applicable to the L grades; test at 40 F [40 C]

B Alloying elements shall be selected by the manufacturer unless otherwise specified

ASTM A 216/A 216M 93 STEEL CASTINGS, CARBON, SUITABLE FOR FUSION WELDING, FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE SERVICE

ASTM A 148/A 148M Continued


This specification covers carbon steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, or other pressure-containing parts for high-temperatureservice and of quality suitable for assembly with other castings or wrought-steel parts by fusion welding.


Grade Heat TreatmentA Tensile Strength Yield Strength Elong Red A Other Tests C Mn P S Si NiE CrE MoE Otherand UNS ksi MPa ksi MPa % %

WCAJ02502

A, N, NT 6085

415585

30 205 24 350.25B 0.70B 0.04 0.045 0.60 0.50 0.50 0.20 Cu 0.30E V 0.03

WCBJ03002

A, N, NT 7095

485655

36 250 22 350.30C 1.00C 0.04 0.045 0.60 0.50 0.50 0.20 Cu 0.30E V 0.03

WCCJ02503

A, N, NT 7095

485655

40 275 22 350.25D 1.20D 0.04 0.045 0.60 0.50 0.50 0.20 Cu 0.30E V 0.03

A Quench and temper may only be applied if supplemental requirement S15 is specified

B For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified maximum carbon content, an increase of 0.04% manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted up to a maximum of 1.10%

C For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified maximum carbon content, an increase of 0.04% manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted up to a maximum of 1.28%

D For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified maximum carbon content, an increase of 0.04% manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted up to a maximum of 1.40%

E Total maximum content of residual elements is 1.00%, unless supplementary requirement S11 is specified

ASTM A 217/A 217M 95 STEEL CASTINGS, MARTENSITIC STAINLESS AND ALLOY, FOR PRESSURE-CONTAINING PARTS, SUITABLE FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE SERVICE

This specification covers martensitic stainless steel and alloy steel castings for values, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts intended primarily for high-temperature and corrosive service.


Grade Heat Treatment Tensile Strength Yield Strength Elong Red A Other Tests C Mn P S Si Ni Cr Mo Otherand UNS ksi MPa ksi MPa % %

WC1J12524

NT 1100F [595C] 6590

450620

35 240 24 350.25

0.500.80 0.04 0.045 0.60 0.50AB 0.35AB

0.450.65 Cu 0.50AB W 0.10 AB

WC4J12082

NT 1100F [595C] 7095

485655

40 275 20 35 0.200.05

0.500.80 0.04 0.045 0.60

0.701.10

0.500.80

0.450.65 Cu 0.50AC W 0.10 AC

WC5J22000

NT 1100F [595C] 7095

485655

40 275 20 35 0.200.05

0.400.70 0.04 0.045 0.60

0.601.00

0.500.90

0.901.20 Cu 0.50 AC W 0.10 AC

WC6J12072

NT 1100F [595C] 7095

485655

40 275 20 35 0.200.05

0.500.80 0.04 0.045 0.60 0.50AB

1.001.50

0.450.65 Cu 0.50 AB W 0.10 AB

WC9J21890

NT 1250F [675C] 7095

485655

40 275 20 35 0.180.05

0.400.70 0.04 0.045 0.60 0.50AB

2.002.75

0.901.20 Cu 0.50 AB W 0.10 AB

WC11J11872

NT 1250F [675C] 80105

550725

50 345 18 45 0.150.21

0.500.80 0.020 0.015

0.300.60 0.50AB

1.001.50

0.450.65 Cu 0.35 AB V 0.03 AB AI 0.01 AB

C5J42045

NT 1250F [675C] 90115

620795

60 415 18 350.20

0.400.70 0.04 0.045 0.75 0.50AB

4.006.50

0.450.65 Cu 0.50 AB W 0.10 AB

C12J82090

NT 1250F [675C] 90115

620795

60 415 18 350.20

0.350.65 0.04 0.045 1.00 0.50AB

8.0010.00

0.901.20 Cu 0.50 AB W 0.10 AB

CI2AJ84090

NT 1350F [730C] 85110

585760

60 415 20 450.12

0.300.60 0.020 0.018

0.200.50 0.40

8.09.5

0.851.05

Cb 0.060 N 0.030 V 0.18

Cb 0.100 N 0.070 V 0.25A Al 0.040A

CA15J91156

NT 1100F [595C] 90115

620795

65 450 18 300.15 1.00 0.040 0.040 1.50 1.00

11.514.0 0.50

A Maximum specified residual elements

B The total maximum content of specified residual elements = 1.00%

C The total maximum content of specified residual elements = 0.60%



ASTM A 352/A 352M 93 STEEL CASTINGS, FERRITIC AND MARTENSITIC, FOR PRESSURE-CONTAINING PARTS, SUITABLE FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE SERVICE

This specification covers steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts intended primarily for low-temperature service.


Grade Heat Treatment Tensile Strength Yield Strength Elong Red A Other Tests C Mn P S Si Ni Cr Mo Otherand UNS ksi MPa ksi MPa % % ImpactA

LCAJ02504

NT or QT 1100F[590C]

6085

415585

30 205 24 35 13(-25F) [18(-32)]0.25B 0.70B 0.04 0.045 0.60 0.50C 0.50 C 0.20 Cu 0.30 C V 0.30 C

LCBJ03003


6590

450620

35 240 24 35 13(-50) [18(-46)]0.30B 1.00B 0.04 0.045 0.60 0.50 C 0.50 C 0.20 C Cu 0.30 C V 0.03 C

LCCJ02505


7095

485655

40 275 22 35 15(-50) [20(-46)]0.25B 1.20 B 0.04 0.045 0.60 0.50 C 0.50 C 0.20 C V 0.03 C

LC1J12522


6590

450620

35 240 24 35 13(-75) [18(-59)]0.25

0.500.80 0.04 0.045 0.60

0.450.65

LC2J22500


7095

485655

40 275 24 35 15(-100) [20(-73)]0.25

0.500.80 0.04 0.045 0.60

2.003.00

LC2-1J42215


105130

725895

80 550 18 30 30(-100) [41(-73)]0.22

0.550.75 0.04 0.045 0.60

2.503.50

1.351.85

0.300.60

LC3J31550


7095

485655

40 275 24 35 15(-150) [20(-101)]0.15

0.500.80 0.04 0.045 0.60

3.004.00

LC4J41500


7095

485655

40 275 24 35 15(-175) [20(-115)]0.15

0.500.80 0.04 0.045 0.60

4.005.00

LC9J31300

QT 1050-1175F[595-635C]

85 585 75 515 20 30 20(-320) [27(-196)]0.13 0.90 0.04 0.045 0.45

8.5010.0 0.50 0.20 Cu 0.30 V 0.03

CA6NMJ91540

NT 1050-1150F[565-620C]

110135

760930

80 550 15 35 20(-100) [27(-73)]0.06 1.00 0.04 0.045 1.00

3.54.5

11.514.0

0.41.0

A See original specification for full details units are in ft-lbs @ (F) and [J @ (C)]

B For each reduction of 0.01% carbon below the maximum specified, an increase of 0.04% manganese above the maximum specified will be permitted up to a maximum of 1.10% manganese (GradeLCA), 1.40% manganese (Grade LCC), and 1.28% manganese (Grade LCB)

C Specified residual elements the total content of these elements is 1.00% maximum

ASTM A 356/A 356M 98 STEEL CASTINGS, CARBON, LOW ALLOY AND STAINLESS STEEL, HEAVY WALLED FOR STEAM TURBINES

This specification covers one grade of martensitic stainless steel and several grades of ferritic steel castings for cylinders (shells),value chests, throttle valves, and other heavy-walled castings for steam turbine applications.


Grade Heat Treatment Tensile Strength Yield Strength Elong Red A Other Tests C Mn P S Si Ni Cr Mo Otherand UNS Ksi MPa Ksi MPa % %

1J03502

NT 1100F [595C] 70 485 36 250 20 350.35A 0.70A 0.035 0.030 0.60

2J12523

NT 1100F [595C] 65 450 35 240 22 350.25A 0.70A 0.035 0.030 0.60

0.450.65

5J12540

NT 1100F [595C] 70 485 40 275 22 350.25A 0.70A 0.035 0.030 0.60

0.400.70

0.400.60

6J12073

NT 1100F [595C] 70 485 45 310 22 350.20

0.500.80 0.035 0.030 0.60

1.001.50

0.450.65



Grade Heat Treatment Tensile Strength Yield Strength Elong Red A Other Tests C Mn P S Si Ni Cr Mo Otherand UNS Ksi MPa Ksi MPa % %

8J12073

NT 1100F [595C] 80 550 50 345 18 450.20

0.500.90 0.035 0.030

0.200.60

1.001.50

0.901.20

V 0.05V 0.15

9J21610

NT 1100F [595C] 85 585 60 415 15 450.20

0.500.90 0.035 0.030

0.200.60

1.001.50

0.901.20

V 0.20V 0.35

10J22090

NT 1100F [595C] 85 585 55 380 20 350.20

0.500.80 0.035 0.030 0.60

2.002.75

0.901.20

12J80490

NT 1350F [730C] 85 585 60 415 20 - 0.080.12

0.30.6 0.02 0.01

0.20.5 0.4

8.09.5

0.851.05

V 0.18 Cb 0.06 N 0.03V 0.25 Cb 0.10 N 0.07 Al 0.04

CA6NMJ91540

NT 1050F [565C] 110 760 80 550 15 350.06 1.00 0.040 0.030 1.00

3.54.5

11.514.0

0.41.0

A For each 0.01% reduction in carbon below the maximum specified, an increase of 0.04% points of manganese over the maximum specified for that element may be permitted up to 1.00%

ASTM A 389/A 389M 93 STEEL CASTINGS, ALLOY, SPECIALLY HEAT-TREATED, FOR PRESSURE-CONTAINING PARTS, SUITABLE FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE SERVICE

This specification covers alloy steel castings, which have been subjected to special heat treatment, for valves, flanges, fittings,and other pressure-containing parts intended primarily for high-temperature service.


Grade Heat TreatmentA Tensile Strength Yield Strength Elong Red A Other Tests C Mn P S Si Ni Cr Mo Otherand UNS ksi MPa Ksi MPa % %

C23J12080

NT 70 483 40 276 18 35 0.20 0.300.80

0.04 0.045 0.60 1.001.50

0.450.65

V 0.15V 0.25

C24J12092

NT 80 552 50 345 15 35 0.20 0.300.80

0.04 0.045 0.60 0.801.25

0.901.20

V 0.15V 0.25

A Refer to original specification for additional information regarding temperature and time requirements for heat treatment

ASTM A 487/A 487M 93 STEEL CASTINGS, SUITABLE FOR PRESSURE SERVICE

This specification covers low-alloy steels, and martenistic stainless steels in the normalized and tempered, or quenched andtempered condition suitable for pressure-containing parts. The weldability of the classes in the specification varies from readilyweldable to weldable only with adequate precautions, and the weldability of each class should be considered prior to assembly byfusion welding.

GRADE & HEAT TREATMENT MECHANICAL PROPERTIES (min. unless range given) CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, % (max. percent unless range given)Grade Class Austenitizing

TemperatureMedia

A

QuenchingCool Below

TemperingTemperatureB

TensileStrengthH

YieldStrength

Elong RedArea

Hardness(max)

Thickness(max)

C Mn P S Si Ni Cr Mo Residual Elements Total

min, F [C] F [C] F [C] Ksi Mpa ksi Mpa % % HRC (BHN) in [mm] Cu Ni Cr Mo Mo+W W V Residuals

1J13002

A

B

C

1600 [870]

1600 [870]

1600 [870]

A

L

A or L

450 [230]

500 [260]

500 [260]

1100 [595]

1100 [595]

1150 [620]

85110

90115

90

585760620795620

55

65

65

380

450

450

22

22

22

40

45

45 22 (235)

0.30 1.00 0.04 0.045 0.80 0.50 0.50 0.35 0.25 1.00L

2J13005

A

B

C

1600 [870]

1600 [870]

1600 [870]

A

L

A or L

450 [230]

500 [260]

500 [260]

1100 [595]

1100 [595]

1150 [620]

85110

90115

90

585760620795620

53

65

65

365

450

450

22

22

22

35

40

40 22 (235)

0.301.001.40 0.04 0.045 0.80

0.100.30 0.50 0.50 0.35 0.10 0.03 1.00



4J13047

A

B

C

D

E

1600 [870]

1600 [870]

1600 [870]

1600 [870]

1600 [870]

A or L

L

A or L

L

L

500 [260]

500 [260]

500 [260]

500 [260]

500 [260]

1100 [595]

1100 [595]

1150 [620]

1150 [620]

1100 [595]

90115105130

90

100

115

620795725895620

690

795

60

85

60

75

95

415

585

415

515

655

18

17

18

17

15

40

35

35

35

35

22 (235)

22 (235)

0.30 1.00 0.04 0.045 0.800.400.80

0.400.80

0.150.30 0.50 0.10 0.03 0.60

6J13855

A

B

1550 [845]

1550 [845]

A

L

500 [260]

500 [260]

1100 [595]

1100 [595]

115

120

795

825

80

95

550

655

18

12

30

25

0.050.38

1.301.70 0.04 0.045 0.80

0.400.80

0.400.80

0.300.40 0.50 0.10 0.03 0.60

7JJ12084

A 1650 [900] L 600 [315] 1100 [595] 115 795 100 690 15 30 2.5 [63.5] 0.050.20

0.601.00 0.04 0.045 0.80

0.701.00

0.400.80

0.400.60 0.50 0.10 0.60M

8J22091

A

B

C

1750 [955]

1750 [955]

1750 [955]

A

L

L

500 [260]

500 [260]

500 [260]

1250 [675]

1250 [675]

1250 [675]

85110105

100

585760725

690

5585

75

380

585

515

20

17

17

35

30

35 22 (235)

0.050.20

0.500.90 0.04 0.045 0.80

2.002.75

0.901.10 0.50 0.10 0.03 0.60

9J13345

A

B

C

D

E

1600 [870]

1600 [870]

1600 [870]

1600 [870]

1600 [870]

A or L

L

A or L

L

L

500 [260]

500 [260]

500 [260]

500 [260]

500 [260]

1100 [595]

1100 [595]

1150 [620]

1150 [620]

1100 [595]

90

105

90

100

115

620

725

620

690

795

60

85

60

75

95

415

585

415

515

655

18

16

18

17

15

35

35

35

35

35

22 (235)

22 (235)

0.050.33

0.601.00 0.04 0.045 0.80

0.751.10

0.150.30 0.50 0.50 0.10 0.03 1.00

10J23015

A

B

1550 [845]

1550 [845]

A

L

500 [260]

500 [260]

1100 [595]

1100 [595]

100

125

690

860

70

100

485

690

18

15

35

350.30

0.601.00 0.04 0.045 0.80

1.402.00

0.550.90

0.200.40 0.50 0.10 0.03 0.60

11J12082

A

B

1650 [900]

1650 [900]

A

L

600 [315]

600 [315]

1100 [595]

1100 [595]

7095

105130

484655725895

40

85

275

585

20

17

35

35

0.050.20

0.500.80 0.04 0.045 0.60

0.701.10

0.500.80

0.450.65 0.50 0.10 0.03 0.50

12J22000

A

B

1750 [955]

1750 [955]

A

L

600 [315]

400 [205]

1100 [595]

1100 [595]

7095

105130

485655725895

40

85

275

585

20

17

35

35

0.050.20

0.400.70 0.04 0.045 0.60

0.601.00

0.500.90

0.901.20 0.50 0.10 0.03 0.50

13J13080

A

B

1550 [845]

1550 [845]

A

L

500 [260]

500 [260]

1100 [595]

1100 [595]

90115105130

620795725895

60

85

415

585

18

17

35

350.30

0.801.10 0.04 0.045 0.60

1.401.75

0.200.30 0.50 0.40 0.10 0.03 0.75

14J15580

A 1550 [845] L 500 [260] 1100 [595] 120145

8251000

95 655 14 300.55

0.801.10 0.04 0.045 0.60

1.401.75

0.200.30 0.50 0.40 0.10 0.03 0.75

16J31200

A 1600 [870]C A 600 [315] 1100 [595] 7095

485655

40 275 22 350.12K 2.10K 0.02 0.02 0.50

1.001.40 0.20 0.20 0.10 0.10 0.02 0.50

CA15J91171

A

B

C

D

1750 [955]

1750 [955]

1750 [955]

1750 [955]

A or L

A or L

A or L

A or L

400 [205]

400 [205]

400 [205]

400 [205]

900 [480]

1100 [595]

1150 [620]DE

1150 [260]DE

140170

90115

90

100

9651170

620795620

690

110130

65

60

75

760895450

415

515

10

18

18

17

25

30

35

35

22 (235)

22 (235)

0.15 1.00 0.040 0.040 1.50 1.0011.514.0 0.50 0.50 0.10 0.05 0.50

CA15MJ91151

A 1750 [955] A or L 400 [205] 1100 [595] 90115

620795

65 450 18 300.15 1.00 0.040 0.040 0.65 1.0

11.514.0

0.151.0 0.50 0.10 0.05 0.50

CA6NMJ91540

A

B

1850 [1010]

1850 [1010]

A or L

A or L

200 [95]

200 [95]

1050-1150 [565-620]

1225-1275 [665-690]

EF

1050-1150 [565-620]

G

110135100

760930690

80

75

550

515

15

17

35

35 23 (255)I

0.06 1.00 0.04 0.03 1.003.54.5

11.514.0

0.41.0 0.50 0.10 0.05 0.50

A A = air, L = liquid

B Minimum temperature unless range is specified



C Double austenitize

D Double temper with the final temper at a lower temperature than the intermediate temper

E Air cool to below 200F [95C] after first temper

F Intermediate

G Final

H Minimum ksi, unless range is given

I Test methods and definitions A 370, Table 3a does not apply to CA6NM the conversion given is based on CA6NM test coupons (for example, see ASTM STP 756)

J Proprietary steel composition

K For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified maximum carbon content, an increase of 0.40% manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted up to a maximum of 2.30%

L V 0.04-0.12

M V 0.03-0.10, B 0.002-0.006, Cu 0.15-0.50

ASTM A 597 93 CAST TOOL STEEL

This specification covers tool steel compositions for usable shapes cast by pouring directly into suitable molds and for masterheats for remelting and casting.


Grade Heat Treatment Tensile Strength Yield Strength Elong Red A Other Tests C Mn P S Si Ni Cr Mo Otherand UNS ksi MPa Ksi MPa % %

CA-2T90102

0.951.05 0.75 0.03 0.03 1.50

4.755.50

0.901.40

V 0.20V 0.50A

CD-2T90402

1.401.60 1.00 0.03 0.03 1.50

11.0013.00

0.701.20

V 0.40 Co 0.70V 1.00A Co 1.00A

CD-5T90405

1.351.60 0.75 0.03 0.03 1.50

0.400.60A

11.0013.00

0.701.20

V 0.35 Co 2.50V 0.55 Co 3.50

CS-5T91905

0.500.65

0.601.00 0.03 0.03

1.752.25 0.35

0.200.80 V 0.35

CM-2T11302

0.780.88 0.75 0.03 0.03 1.00 0.25

3.754.50

4.505.50

V 1.25 W 5.50V 2.20 W 6.70 Co 0.25

CS-7T41907

0.450.55

0.400.80 0.03 0.03

0.601.00

3.003.50

1.201.60

CH-12T90812

0.300.40 0.75 0.03 0.03 1.50

4.755.75

1.251.75

V 0.20 W 1.00V 0.50 W 1.70

CH-13T90813

0.300.42 0.75 0.03 0.03 1.50

4.755.75

1.251.75

V 0.75V 1.20

CO-1T91501

0.851.00

1.003.00 0.03 0.03 1.50

0.401.00

W 0.40W 0.60 V 0.30

A Optional element tool steels have found satisfactory application, either with or without the element present; if desired they should be specified with order

ASTM A 732/A 732M 98 CASTINGS, INVESTMENT, CARBON AND LOW ALLOY, FOR GENERAL APPLICATION, AND COBALT ALLOY FOR HIGHSTRENGTH AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES

This specification covers carbon and low-alloy steel castings made by the investment casting process.




Grade Heat Treatment Tensile Strength Yield Strength Elong Red A Other Tests C Mn P S Si Ni Cr Mo Otherand UNS ksi MPa Ksi MPa % % Stress RuptureB

1AJ02002

A 60 414 40 276 24 0.150.25

0.200.60 0.04 0.045

0.201.00 0.50C 0.35C Cu 0.50C Mo+W 0.25C

2AJ03011

A 65 448 45 310 25 0.250.35

0.701.00 0.04 0.045

0.201.00 0.50C 0.35C Cu 0.50C W 0.10C

2QJ03011

QT 85 586 60 414 10 0.250.35

0.701.00 0.04 0.045

0.201.00 0.50C 0.35C Cu 0.50C W 0.10C

3AJ04002

A 75 517 48 331 25 0.350.45

0.701.00 0.04 0.045

0.201.00 0.50C 0.35C Cu 0.50C W 0.10C

3QJ04002

QT 100 689 90 621 10 0.350.45

0.701.00 0.04 0.045

0.201.00 0.50C 0.35C Cu 0.50C W 0.10C

4A A 90 621 50 345 20 0.450.55

0.701.00 0.04 0.045

0.201.00 Cu 0.50D W 0.10D

4Q QT 125 862 100 689 5 0.450.55

0.701.00 0.04 0.045

0.201.00 Cu 0.50D W 0.10D

5NJ13052

NT 85 586 55 379 220.30

0.701.00 0.04 0.045

0.200.80 0.50C 0.35C

V 0.05V 0.15 Cu 0.50C Mo+W 0.25C

6NJ13512

NT 90 621 60 414 200.35

1.351.75 0.04 0.045

0.200.80 0.50C 0.35C

0.250.55 Cu 0.50C W 0.25C

7QJ13045

QT 150 1030 115 793 7 0.250.35

0.400.70 0.04 0.045

0.200.80

0.801.10

0.150.25 Cu 0.50D W 0.10D

8QJ14049

QT 180 1241 145 1000 5 0.350.45

0.701.00 0.04 0.045

0.200.80 0.50C

0.801.10

0.150.25 Cu 0.50C W 0.10C

9QJ23055

QT 150 1030 115 793 7 0.250.35

0.400.70 0.04 0.045

0.200.80

1.652.00

0.700.90

0.200.30 Cu 0.50D W 0.10D

10QJ24054

QT 180 1241 145 1000 5 0.350.45

0.701.00 0.04 0.045

0.200.80

1.652.00

0.700.90

0.200.30 Cu 0.50C W 0.10C

11QJ12094

QT 120 827 100 689 10 0.150.25

0.400.70 0.04 0.045

0.200.80

1.652.00 0.35C

0.200.30 Cu 0.50C W 0.10C

12QJ15048

QT 190 1310 170 1172 4 0.450.55

0.650.95 0.04 0.045

0.200.80 0.50C

0.801.10

V 0.15

Cu 0.50C Mo+W 0.10C W 0.10C13QJ12048

QT 105 724 85 586 10 0.150.25

0.650.95 0.04 0.045

0.200.80

0.400.70

0.400.70

0.150.25 Cu 0.50C W 0.10C

14QJ13051

QT 150 1030 115 793 7 0.250.35

0.650.95 0.04 0.045

0.200.80

0.400.70

0.400.70

0.150.25 Cu 0.50C W 0.10C

15AJ19966

A HRB 100 max. 0.951.10

0.250.55 0.04 0.045

0.200.80 0.50D

1.301.60 Cu 0.50D W 0.10D

21 as cast 52A 360A 10 23.0 [160] 0.200.30 1.00 0.04 0.04 1.00

1.753.75

2529

56 Fe 3 B 0.007 Co remainder

31 as cast 55A 380A 10 30.0 [205] 0.450.55 1.00 0.04 0.04 1.00

9.511.5

24.526.5

W 7 B 0.005 Co remainderW 8 B 0.015 Fe 2

A Test at elevated temperature, 1500F [820C]

B Stress rupture test at 1500F [820C], stress units in ksi [MPa], the minimum rupture life is 15 hours with a minimum elongation in 4D of 5%

C Total of unspecified elements is 1.00%

D Total of unspecified elements is 0.60%

ASTM A 757/A 757M 90 STEEL CASTINGS, FERRITIC AND MARTENISTIC FOR PRESSURE-CONTAINING AND OTHER APPLICATIONS, FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE SERVICE



This specification covers carbon and low-alloy steel castings for pressure-containing and other applications intended primarily forpetroleum and gas pipelines in areas subject to low-ambient temperatures. Castings shall be heat treated by normalizing andtempering or liquid quenching and tempering. All classes are weldable under proper conditions. Hardenability of some gradesmay limit useable section size.


Grade Heat Treatment Tensile Strength Yield Strength Elong Red A Other TestsA C Mn P S Si Ni Cr Mo OtherAnd UNS Ksi MPa Ksi MPa % % ImpactB

A1QJ03002

QT 1100F [595C] 65 450 35 240 24 35 13(-50) [17(-46)]0.30 1.00 0.025 0.03 0.60 0.50E 0.40 E 0.25 E

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Steel Founders Society of America Handbook

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