Steps for analysis of a technical object

How does the technical object function?

a) What are the scientific principles which explain the operation of the technical object?

b) Where do the forces act which actuate the object?

c) Do they cause movement? How is the movement transmitted?

This leads to the study of general principles

Carried out by drawing a Design Plan,1

Design Plan

The Design Plan is the simplified representation of a technical

objectIt is used to explain the forces and

movements which come into play in the operation of the technical object

A Design Plan includes the following elements:

Standardized symbols

2. The name of the parts (designation).

3. The movements carried out by the parts.

4. The forces in action.

5. Any guidance and links, (if necessary).

1. The parts represented in different colors.

2

Standardized symbols

Symbols of Movements and of Forces

Tension

Compression

Shearing

Torsion

Unidirectional Translation

Bidirectional Translation

Unidirectional Rotation

Bidirectional Rotation

Rotation and Translation (helical)

Page 9

Standardized Symbols

Page 10

Upper Blade

Lower blade

Pivot

F

F

PaperF

A Design Plan for a pair of scissors

Bidirectional rotation

Free in rotation and fixed in translation

Shearing

The Components (parts)

Movements

Forces

A Design Plan includes the following elements:

2. The name of the parts (designation).1. The parts represented in different colors.

A Design Plan includes the following elements:

2. The name of the parts (designation).

3. The movements carried out by the parts.

1. The parts represented in different colors.

A Design Plan includes the following elements:

2. The name of the parts (designation).

3. The movements carried out by the parts.

4. The forces in action.

5. Any guidance and links, (if necessary).

1. The parts represented in different colors.

5

Step of analysis of technical objects

How is the object constructed?a) What materials are the parts made of?

b) Why do the parts have these forms?

c) What role does each part play in the system ?

• How are the parts linked together?

• How is guidance provided?

This leads to a study of construction.

This is carried out by a technical diagram/construction diagram

(Simple and complex mechanical functions)

6

Upper blade

Lower blade

Upper handle

Lower handle Legend of materials

Steel

Plastic

Pivot

Technical/Construction Diagram of a pair of scissors

a. The materials used;

c. Relative size of the components;

1. The pieces making up the technical object:

d. The name of the components.

A Technical Diagram contains the following:

b. The shape of the components;a. The materials used;

c. Relative size of the components;

2. The role of the components: a. The links between the parts;b. The guidance between the parts.

1. The pieces making up the technical object:

d. The name of the components.

A Technical Diagram contains the following:

b. The shape of the components;

7

Exercice 1: Staple Remover

Symboles normalisés

Top Lever

Bottom Lever

Pivot Spring

Assisted Exercises:

Original material created by Emmanuel Fournier

Your Turn

8

Design Plan for a Staple Remover

Top Lever

Bottom Lever

Torsion Spring

Pivot

Material Legend

Steel

Plastic

Top Lever

Protector

Bottom Lever Protector

Pivot

Technical Diagram of a Staple Remover

Assisted Exercises:

Torsion Spring

Original material created by Emmanuel Fournier

A Design Plan includes the following elements:

2. The name of the parts (designation).

3. The movements carried out by the parts.

4. The forces in action.

5. Any guidance and links, (if necessary).

1. The parts represented in different colors.

a. The materials used;

c. Relative size of the components;

2. The role of the components: a. The links between the parts;b. The guidance between the parts.

1. The pieces making up the technical object:

d. The name of the components.

A Technical Diagram contains the following:

b. The shape of the components;

9

Exercise 2: C-Clamp

Standard symbols

Assisted Exercises:

Original material created by Emmanuel Fournier

10

Technical Diagram for a C-Clamp

Materials Legend

Steel

Fixed Jaw

Moveable Jaw

Adjusting ScrewHandle

Frame

Assisted Exercises:

Design Plan for a C-Clamp

Bottom View

F

Fixed Jaw

Moveable Jaw

Frame

HandleAdjusting Screw

Original material created by Emmanuel Fournier

11