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HEALTH AND SAFETY PRECAUTIONS FRUIT AND VEGETABLE GROWING SECTOR STRAWBERRIES AND BERRIES HARVEST
HEALTH AND SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
FRUIT AND VEGETABLE GROWING SECTOR
STRAWBERRIES AND BERRIES HARVEST
CONTENTS
Module 1: Health and Security basic concepts
Module 2: Machinery, tools and equipment
Module 3: Ergonomics and work organization
Module 4: Chemical products: fertilizers and phytosanitary products
Module 5: PPE (Personal Protective Equipment)
Module 6: Climatological conditions
Module 7: Working in greenhouses
Module 8: First Aid
Module 9: Road Safety
YES NO
Symbology
Caution
Module 1
BASIC CONCEPTS OF HEALTH AND SAFETY
Module
1BASIC CONCEPTS OF HEALTH AND SAFETY
DANGER RISK ACCIDENT
PRECAUTION MEASURES PROTECTION
Module
1BASIC CONCEPTS OF HEALTH AND SAFETY
Employees have the right to receive effective protection supplied by the employer.
They have to be trained and informed about the risks and precaution.
Periodic health check.
To follow instructions given by superior officers.
To use protection equipment.
To inform superior officers any incident.
To cooperate with the company.
RIGHTS DUTIES
EMPLOYEES RIGHTS AND DUTIES
MODULE 2
MACHINERY, TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
MODULE
2M
ACHINERY, TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
It´s forbiden to transport people in the tractor and in agricultural machinery! Only drivers are allowed to use the machinery!
NOYES
CAUTION IN SHARED ROADS BY VEHICLES AND WORKERS!Don´t approach, nor permit other people to nearer the tractor ore implements while operating
NO NO
YES YES
MODULE
2M
ACHINERY, TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
MANUAL TOOLS: HARVEST AND PRUNING, SAWS, SWITCHBLADES, HOES, ETC.
Switchblade or shears cuts.
Bangs with spades, hoes, rakes, etc.
Only use the tools for those jobs the tool has been designed for.
Cutting tools must be sharpened.
When you don´t use the tools leave them where it can be seen easily.
Check them and keep them in good conditions.
Keep them in a safe place after use.
RISKS PRECAUTION MEASURES
MODULE
2M
ACHINERY, TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
DON´T PLACE YOUR HAND IN FRONT OF SHARPENED TOOLS!
DON´T CARRY TOOLS INSIDE YOUR POCKETS.
NOYES
NOYES
MODULE 3
ERGONOMICS AND WORK ORGANIZATION
MODULE
3ERGONOM
ICS AND WORK ORGANIZATION
TASK DESCRIPTION
Strawberries and berries harvest tasks can be divided into 3 stages:
FRUIT HARVEST AND PLACING IN BOXES. 1
TROLLEY DISPLACEMENT THROUGH CULTIVATION ROADS. 2
TRASFER AND PLACING OF BOXES IN THE TRUCK OR PALLET.3
MODULE
3ERGONOM
ICS AND WORK ORGANIZATION
FRUIT HARVEST AND PLACEMENT IN BOXES
Standing, with bent back and neck while harvesting fruit on the ground.
Standing, with straight back and neck moved back in case of berries and some strawberries cultivation. (plants and fruits shoulder high).
Repetitive movements and trunk turning when extracting and placing the fruit in the box.
FORCED AND KEPT POSTURES
RISKS
MODULE
3ERGONOM
ICS AND WORK ORGANIZATION
FRUIT HARVEST AND PLACEMENT IN BOXES
Avoid trunk turning through displacement of legs between the extraction of the fruit and placement in boxes.
Change positions and take a break.
Place implements and other worktools within reach.
NOYES
PRECAUTION MEASURES
MODULE
3ERGONOM
ICS AND WORK ORGANIZATION
TROLLEY DISPLACEMENT THROUGH CULTIVATION ROADS
Overeffort.
Forced postures.
Bangs.
Run overs.
THRUST AND TRACTION
RISKS
Use own weight of the body; leaning a bit forward to thrust and back for traction.
Feet mustn´t slip when leaning forward or backward.
Avoid twisting or bending the back.
Handles must be placed between shouder and waist, so that thrust and traction are carried out in a comfortable position.
Trolleys must be kept in good conditions, wheels should have correct dimensions and smooth turning.
PRECAUTION MEASURES
MODULE
3ERGONOM
ICS AND WORK ORGANIZATION
TRASFER AND PLACING OF BOXES IN THE TRUCK OR PALLET
Fatigued musculature.
Overloading.
Neck, backaches.
Discomfort in vertebral column, especially in lumbar area, producing lumbago, pinching ore slipped disks.
Circulatory problems.
RISKS
20 kg 100 kg
NOYES
POSITION
WEIGHTVERTEBRA
NUCLEUS
ANNULET
Healthy disk at rest
Healthy disk loaded
Injured disk loaded
(Slipped disk)
MODULE
3ERGONOM
ICS AND WORK ORGANIZATION
TRASFER AND PLACING OF BOXES IN THE TRUCK OR PALLET
Don´t handle with hands heavy loads and use an auxiliary mean in case of doing it yourself (carts, forklifts, wheelbarrows) or with a fellow team member.
The maximum recommended load for women is 15 kg.
Use gloves in case the load has arris or edges.
YES YES YES
PRECAUTION MEASURES
Maximum15
kilogram
MODULE
3ERGONOM
ICS AND WORK ORGANIZATION
TRASFER AND PLACING OF BOXES IN THE TRUCK OR PALLET
Separate feet, placing one foot ahead, obtaining a stable position.
Think where you are going to leave the load and make sure there´s no obstacle in the walkway.
When lifting the load off the ground bend you legs with a straight back and hold it firmly using both hands.
Lifting the load stretching legs, with straight back keeping the load close to the body with arms and elbows right next to the body.
LOAD LIFTING
YES YES YES
PRECAUTION MEASURES
MODULE
3ERGONOM
ICS AND WORK ORGANIZATION
FOLLOWING CORRECT MANIPULATION PROCEDURES
During load displacement, avoid sudden trunk turnings.
Desposit the load on the floor with a straight back, loading strength on one´s legs (bending legs).
Avoid load placement in heights over one´s shoulders.
DISPLACEMENT AND LOAD PLACING
NOYES YES
PRECAUTION MEASURES
MODULE
3ERGONOM
ICS AND WORK ORGANIZATION
REMEMBER
AVOID TRUNK TURNING WHEN HARVESTING, ESPECIALLY WITH LOADS.
TAKE PERIODICALLY A BREAK.
DON´T HANDLE WITH HANDS HEAVY LOADS, MAXIMUM 15 KG IN CASE OF WOMEN.
WHEN TAKING BOXES, BEND YOUR LEGS KEEPING YOUR BACK STRAIGHT.
MODULE
3ERGONOM
ICS AND WORK ORGANIZATION
WORK ORGANIZATION
Fatigue
Stress
Demotivation
Take a break every certain time.
Ask any doubt you may have in order to carry out your work.
Inform your manager about your needs.
PRECAUTION MEASURESRISKS
MODULE 4
Chemical products: fertilizers and phytosanitary products
MODULE
4Chem
ical products: fertilizers and phytosanitary products
RISK FACTORS: TYPE OF PRODUCTS
SYMBOL DANGER RISK PRECAUTION
ExplosiveCan exploit
easily
Avoid bangs, fire, sparks or
heat
Flammable Can burns easilyAvoid bangs, fire, sparks or
heat
Comburente
Can react violently if its put together
with a flammable item.
Avoid contact with flammable substances.
Risk for aquatic life.
Environmental pollution
Avoid spillage and dumping
in drain.
SYMBOL DANGER RISK PRECAUTION
CORROSIVECan injure the
skin when touching.
Avoid contact
TOXIC: High Toxicity
(oral, cutaneous, through
inhalation)
Can cause diseases
Avoid contact and
respiration of its steam.
TOXIC/ IRRITANT/
SENSITIVITY
Can irritate skin and eyes and
cause diseases, allergies
Avoid contact and respirations of its steam.
SENSITIVITY/TOXIC/
MUTAGEN/CARCINOGENIC
Can cause diseases in
descendants, allergies.
Avoid contact and respirations of its steam.
MODULE
4Chem
ical products: fertilizers and phytosanitary products
SECURITY RECOMMENDATIONS
Only authorized companies are allowed to apply toxic products and special trained users.
When applying and preparing products are appropriate work clothes and protection equipment necessary.
Eating, drinking and smoking are not a lowed in front of the products. Hands must be washed before eating, drinking or smoking. Don´t eat fruit if it isn´t washed.
Hazardous products must be placed in the right storage place. Read and respect the regulations on the label to store and use of the products. Keep containers under lock and key.
SECURITY RECOMMENDATIONS
MODULE
4Chem
ical products: fertilizers and phytosanitary products
SPECIFIC PROTECTION EQUIPMENT
NO
YES YES
Module 5
Personal Protective Equipment
MODULE
5Personal Protective Equipm
ent
HOJA DE CARACTERÍSTICAS
Guantes de protección mecánica y térmica, para soldadores ORGANISMO NOTIFICADO Nº XXXX
Descripción y composición:
- Guante de 5 dedos- Cuero serraje crupón curtido al cromo, deaproximadamente 1,5 mm, extra-flexible- Protección en costuras- Totalmente forrado- Manga larga, con el dorso de una sola pieza
Talla:- Única
Mecánica según EN 388 Térmica según EN 407
Niveles de protección según Normas Europeas
Mantenimiento:
- Cuando su estado lo aconseje, el guantepuede lavarse industrialmente en seco
ABCD ABCDEF
A Resistencia a la ABRASIÓN XXXX ciclos, Nivel XB Resistencia al CORTE Factor XXXX, Nivel XC Resistencia al DESGARRO XXXX Newton, Nivel XD Resistencia a la PENETRACIÓN XXXX Newton, Nivel X
A INFLAMABILIDAD: Nivel XB Calor por CONTACTO: xx seg (xxxºC) Nivel XC Calor CONVETIVO: HTI xx seg Nivel XD Calor RADIANTE: t2
xx seg Nivel XE Salpicaduras de METAL FUNDIDO >xx gotas Nivel XF Gran proyección de metal fundido: No adecuado frente a este riesgo.
Este guante está especialmente indicado para ser utilizado en los trabajos t ipo soldador o s imilar,donde s e requiera una buena protección m ecánico/térmica,manteiendo u n buen n ivel de confort.
NO DEBE USARSEEste tipo de guantes en puestos de trabajo donde el riesgo a cubrirsupere los niveles d e prestacio-nes alcanzados segçun EN 388 yEN 407, o cuando s e trate de riesgos no mecánicos o térmicos (p.e. químicos, eléctricos, etc.)
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)
Equipment used by labourer to protect themselves from one ore more risks.
ALL PPE´S WILL BE MARKED WITH CE AS WELL
AS THE INFORMATION BROCHURE
MODULE
5Personal Protective Equipm
ent
RECOMMENDATIONS
The following PPE´s must be taken into account:
All PPE´s must have the right size for each worker.
All PPE´s must be provided by the employer.
The must not be uncomfortable.
The worker is obliged to use them.
The worker must take care of them.
MODULE
5Personal Protective Equipm
ent
IDENTIFICATION OF PPE´S ACCORDING TO WORK DEVELOPMENT
Hats and caps: Harvesting outdoors or in the sun.
Security helmet: pruning and height work.
Screen or security glasses: Harvesting work in trees, pruning and clearing.
Security gloves: appropriate gloves must be used to handle tools or materials (wounds, cuts, etc.) Latex or rubber gloves will be used to work with chemical products, zoosanitary or phitosanitary or in biological risk operations.
MODULE
5Personal Protective Equipm
ent
IDENTIFYING PPE´S ACCORDING TO WORK DEVELOPMENT
Security footwear: It´s necessary to use a reinforced toe to avoid bangs, cuts, etc. This material is adapted to the characteristics of the work to be performed (for example: rubber boots when there is water, mud, manure, etc.).
Masks and filtrated equipment (only phitosanitary): Operations with gas exposure, steam, dust, smoke, etc. The mask must be correctly adjusted, which will be chosen depending on the product and filter and will be changed according to manufacturers indications in the instructions.
Work clothes, chaps, gaiters: When working within wet cultivation, rain or snow, waterproofs must be weared as weel as appropriate clothes to protect from snow.
Protection cream: Especially sensitive workers under medical criteria. Working in the son where there is no possibility to cover with hats, clothes, etc.
MODULE
5Personal Protective Equipm
ent
REMEMBER
THIS EQUIPMENTS HAVE BEEN DESIGNED FOR YOUR SECURITY BUT IS ONLY EFFECTIVE WHEN THEY ARE CORRECTLY FULFILLED AND MAINTAINED.
DON´T NEGLECT THEM.
RESPECT INDICATIONS OF THE USERS GUIDE, IT´S A BENEFIT FOR ALL.
MODULE 6
CLIMATOLOGICAL CONDITIONS
MODULE
6CLIM
ATOLOGICAL CONDITIONS
COLD EXPOSURE
Hypothermia.
Sensitiveness in extremities, what can provoke all type of accidents.
Use warm clothes (caps, gloves and insulating protection.
Ingest warm drinks or food.
PRECAUTION MEASURESRISKS
MODULE
6CLIM
ATOLOGICAL CONDITIONS
HEAT EXPOSURE
HEAT STRESS SYMPTOMS
Cardiac pulse acceleration.
Corporal temperature raising, which can reach up to 42ºC.
Sudden intense tiredness, sickness, vertigo or dizziness, generally discomfort.
Disorientation or confusion.
Unexplainable irritability.
Perspiration is interrumpt and the skin becomes hot and dry.
MODULE
6CLIM
ATOLOGICAL CONDITIONS
HEAT EXPOSURE
There are people who suffer from heat: age, overweight, pregnancy, cardio-respiratory problems or medication treatment.
Acclimatization to heat is gradually, reaching it´s maximum after three weeks of activity.
Use appropriate clothes (light, cotton and short) and protect your heat with caps or hats.
Drink water or isotonic drinks regularly and in small amounts.
Don´t drink water identified as “not for drinking”.
PRECAUTION MEASURES
MODULE
6CLIM
ATOLOGICAL CONDITIONS
HEAT EXPOSURE
In summer, carry out the tasks which involves more effort or direct heat exposure, in hours of less insolation.
Have appropriate places to rest, shade, huts, etc. Take brief rests every two hours, having some water and something to eat.
Keep your skin always clean to facilitate perspiration and protect skin under heat exposure with creams.
Dampen the clothes.
Considering symptoms like nausea, low blood pressure or perspiration interupt heat exposure.
PRECAUTION MEASURES
MODULE
6CLIM
ATOLOGICAL CONDITIONS
ANIMAL CONTACT
Bites, stings (vipers, spiders, ticks, wasps), scratches and other
contacts.
Contact or clashes with wild animals, call the manager.
Some of these contact can inoculate poison and pass on
diseases.
Pay attention in summer time and spring as there is an increase of insects.
In case of insects use a repellent.
Get vaccinated in case of allergy to any kind of bites of insect like bee stings.
PRECAUTION MEASURESRISKS
MODULE 7
WORKING IN GREENHOUSES
MODULE
7W
ORKING IN GREENHOUSES
WORKING IN GREENHOUSES
Cuts, scratches and/or pricks with wires in body parts, including eyes.
Falls in irregular ground levels or conducts/irrigation conducts in
walkway.
Drowning due to falls in pools for wathering.
Use gloves to manipulates wires.
Walk on fitted out places.
Avoid moving where there are wathering tubes or pipes.
It is forbidden take a bath in wathering pools.
PRECAUTION MEASURESRISKS
MODULE
7W
ORKING IN GREENHOUSES
WORK IN GREENHOUSE
Falls of different levels due to walking up plastic boxes to make a “bunch” or
“supervising” of the plant.
Relating to handling or exposure to phytosanitary products.
Heat.
RISKS
Don´t use boxes to acces higher levels. Use staircaises or platforms.
Phytosanitary products must be manipulated by trained workers.
Respect the rules described for the job in hot environments.
PRECAUTION MEASURES
MODULE 8
FIRST AID
MODULE
8FIRST AID
Authorised disinfectant and antiseptic
Sterile gauze, absorbent cotton and bandage.
Surgical tape and adhesive dressing
Scissors, tweezers and disposable gloves.
It is important to revise periodically the medicine chest to replace what has been run out.
IN ALL WORKPLACES THERE MUST BE, AT LEAST, ONE PORTABLE FIRST-AID KIT WHICH CONTAINS:
MODULE
8FIRST AID
Protect from danger to the victim and to the rest of people including oneself.
Notify or asking for help to a fellow team member or manager and, if necessary, call 112.
Aid:
¿WHAT TO DO?
PNA CONDUCT
PROTECT NOTIFY AID
Initial assessment of those injured. Medical examination of vital signs.
First aid assistance A ConsciousB RespirationC Pulse
MODULE
8FIRST AID
WOUNDS AND BURNS
• Don´t manipulate the wound • Wash it with water and soap • Don´t use ointments • Cover it with sterile gauze
WOUNDS
• Apply abundant water over the burnt area minimum 15 minutes.
• Take off clothes, rings, bracelets, etc., impregnated with hot liquids.
• Don´t use ointments • Cover it with sterile gauze • Move to the nearest medical
center.
BURNS
MODULE
8FIRST AID
FAINTING, PROJECTION AND FOREIGN BODY IN EYES
Lie victim down with the head lower than the rest of the body.
FAINTING
• Washing with abundant water at room temperture > 15º
• Don´t rub the eye.
• Move to the nearest medical center.
PROJECTION • Don´t manipulate
• Don´t rub the eye
• Cover the eye with a clean gauze and move to the nearest medical center.
PROJECTION AND FOREIGN BODY IN EYES
MODULE
8FIRST AID
HEMORRHAGES AND CONVULSIONS
Apply clean gauzes or sanitary napkin on the
bleeding point.
If it doesn´t stop, add more gauzes on top and
compress more.
Press with the fingers on the bleeding artery.
Move to the nearest medical center.
CONVULSIONS • Don´t hinder the movements.
• Lie the victim down where he can´t hurt himself.
• Prevent tongue biting, placing a folded handkerchief between teeth.
HEMORRHAGES
MODULE
8FIRST AID
TOXIC PRODUCTS
Gather information about the toxic (security specifications and label). Failing that, or in case more information is needed, call 112.
In case of asphyxia signs, mouth-to-mouth resusitation.
Lie the victim down in security position and don´t the victim get cold using a blanket.
Move to the nearest medical center.
TOXIC PRODUCTS
If conscious, induce vomit, except when the information of the product advises against. (corrosive or hydrocarbon).
IN CASE OF INGESTION
MODULE
8FIRST AID
CARDIO PULMONARY RESUSITATION
MOUTH-TO-MOUTH - CARDIAC MASSAGE
The rhythm in mouth-to-mouth and cardiac massage is:
30compressions
2insufflates
100 compressions per minute
Make sure the respiratory tract is free.
Maintain the head of the victim back
Maintain jaw looked up.
MODULE
8FIRST AID
MOUTH-TO-MOUTN - CARDIO MASSAGE
Put lips on the victim´s mouth and insufflate air closing the nose.
If the mouth of the victim is closed and teeth are tight, cover lips with a thumb finger so that air can´t escape when insufflating.
Position of handpalms for cardiac massage.
Cardiac massage point
CARDIO PULMONARY RESUSCITATION
MODULE
8FIRST AID
SUNSTROKE
FIRST AID IN CASE OF SUNSTROKE
Place the victim in a fresh place, in the shade and ventilated. Must rest with elevated head.
Moisten the body with cold water to get temperature down.
The ill person must be moved to the nearest hospital immediately.
HOW TO RECOGNISE
Hot skin and dry but not sweaty.
High body temperature
Headache, confusion, sickness, vomit,...
Convulsions and lost of consciousness may appear.
MODULE 9
ROAD SAFETY
MODULE
9Road safety
ROAD SAFETY
Running overs.
Car crashing.
Falls.
RISKS PRECAUTION MEASURES
Drive left of the road.
Avoid walking at night on the roads.
Use high visibility clothes when moving on roads.
Don´t use devices which limits hearing.
