1. by:Nadia aftab

2. the inability to cope"with a perceived or real(or imagined) threat toonesmental, physical, emotional, and spiritual well-being which results in aseries of physiologicalresponses andadaptations"(Seaward, 1997, p.5). 3. Some majorstressors are Physical Stressors PsychologicalStressors Familial Stressors Financial Stressors Spiritual Stressors Social Stressors 4. Academics Environment Extracurricular Peers Workloads TimeManagement Parental Pressure Internationalcompetition 5. Stress affects each of the five dimensions Physical mental emotional social and spiritual 6. Interventions are activities to block a stressorfrom resulting in negative consequences 7. pioneeredby Jon Kabat-Zinn assisted by Saki Santorelli, Ph.D. andcolleagues in 1979 8. Mindfulness is paying attention , on purpose, in the present , and non-judgmentally , to the unfolding of experience moment by moment Jon Kabat-Zinn. 9. It is remarkable how liberating it feels to beable to see that your thoughts are justthoughts and that they are not you orreality. . . . . the simple act of recognizingyour thoughts as thoughts can free you fromthe distorted reality they often create andallow for more clear-sightedness and agreater sense of manageability in your life --Kabat-Zinn. 10. There are two modes of mind we can be in: The Doing or Driven mode The Being modeMindfulness methods are designed to move the attention/state of mind from the Doing/Not- in-the-Here and-Now mode to the Being/in- the-Here-and-Now mode. 11. This program can help ifyou have:Signs of StressAnxietyApathyBereavementBurn outDepressionEating disturbances 12. Guidedinstruction in mindfulness meditationpractices Gentle stretching and mindful yoga Group dialogue and discussions aimed atenhancing awareness in everyday life Individually tailored instruction Daily home assignments Four home practice CDs and a home practicemanual 13. eight-week training Classes weekly for 2.5 hours all-day session in the sixth week 30-45 minutes a day with instructional CDs 14. During the past 30years, over 19,000people have takenthis course. the costs of thesessions(rangesfrom $250 to $500) Afforded by peoplewith high SES 15. Humanistic Psychologyfocuses on individual free will, personalgrowth and the concept of actualization Carl Rogerclient-centered therapypositive psychologydirects individuals towards thegrowth, happiness and relaxation as inmindfulness 16. focuses on the functioning and processing ofinformation abstractly If a person experiencing stress process histhoughts positively then he can easilyovercome his problem as in cognitivemindfulness therapies. 17. Albert Bandura concept of self-efficacyself-efficacy is the belief in ones capabilities to organize and execute the courses of action required to manage prospective situations 18. Lack of long-term follow-up Results are generelizble only to individualswho have the interest and ability toparticipate in a Mindfulness-Based StressReduction Mindfulness-Based CognitiveTherapy program Focus solely on the individual motivation andinterest 19. Encouraging multiplecompetenciescoping skillssafe learningenvironmentthoughtful educationplanningExerciseand balancedeating habitsRehearseand practicesituations which causestress 20. .