32
Strict- Loose- Pres more power = State or federal gov’t? 2. Political Party!
Strict-
Loose-
Pres more power =
State or federal gov’t?
2. Political Party!
Lou Gehrig’s Farewell Speech
• Video
Washington’s Farwell Address
• 1796• Washington, A. Hamilton, J. Madison• Tired of public life• “I anticipate…the sweet enjoyment…of
good laws under a free government, the ever favorite object of my heart.”
WARPolitical differences
will weaken the nation/unity
1
3
2
Alexander Hamilton• Economist/Lawyer• Secretary of Treasury• Federalist
2. 20 yr. charter
Loose interpretationU.S. Constitution
1
Political Parties
• 1796• More than one candidate ran for president• Elect people and shape politics• Divisions in political views developed during Washington’s presidency
Political differences existed in part based on where and how people
lived
John Adams
Thomas Jefferson
Summarize what this cartoon is saying
USA Patriot Act-after 9/11
• Americans were feeling ____________ after 9/11• New powers to Pres (________ branch)-Ex. Increased surveillance of ordinary citizens,
surveillance of library records, people jailed without charges, and spying on religious and political organizations without evidence of wrongdoing
• Violation of people’s civil liberties?
USA Patriot Act
First Amendment
Freedoms Protected by First Amendment
• Speech, press, religion
OPINION POLLQuestions:1. American citizens should have the right to criticize
their government in time of war.
2. Foreign residents of the United States should have the right to criticize the American government at any time.
3. The American government should have the right to expel or jail foreign residents who criticize it during war time.
Agree Disagree
Alien and Sedition Acts• 1798• Congress (Adams)• “Protect the United States” during the
undeclared naval war with France (“Quasi-War”)
• Does this violate our first amendment rights?
1.resident
power to
deport
if or
2.
2
Blah, blah, blah, blah,
blah
• If the Sedition Act of 1798 were still in effect, what actions and forms of speech would be prohibited?
• How would our society be different?
XYZ Affair• 1798• John Adams• Attempt to create improved relations between United
States and France• Protect U.S. shipping
Will you help protect our
shipping industry?
Sure, for $250,000 and a
loan of $12 million
X
Y
Z
Heck, NO!
Results:Standing And
eventually…
SUCCESS!
Thomas Jefferson
• 1801-1809• Democratic-Republican Party• Believed in the limited power of federal government (opposed
National Bank)• Strict interpretation of the Constitution (once he became
President he practiced a loose interpretation of the Constitution)• Dreamt of national unity
First Term:Enjoyed prosperity, lower taxes, reduced national debtEnded Presidency with bigger government, expanded military
Marbury v. Madison
12
3
45
Did he have the authority to buy foreign lands? Constitution doesn’t say, but he did = _________ interpretation
Supreme Court=#1 decisions by other branches
Louisiana Purchase
• Once Spanish territory, a secret treaty passes ownership to France• Territory includes New Orleans (mouth of Mississippi River – significant trade route)
west to the Rocky Mountains• October 20, 1803• $15 million• Thomas Jefferson (sends Robert Livingston and James Monroe)
2x
Montana ColoradoNorth Dakota KansasSouth Dakota OklahomaMinnesota MissouriWyoming ArkansasNebraska LouisianaIowa TexasNew Mexico
1.
4.
3.
2.
to Pacific Ocean
SHR-Elbow Room
Marbury v Madison
• William Marbury• James Madison (secretary of state)• Strengthened the role of the judicial branch• 1803
1.
2. judicial review: power of the Court to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional
• Country A-Ryan, Abby, Tyler• Country B-Joe, Courtney, Rebecca
Producing & Postcards
• Country A- pencils, papers clips, and paper with printed and decorated rectangles
• Country B- papers with printed triangular postcards, single-hole punches, rulers, and yarn
• Both-markers, scissors, pencils, and sheets of plain paper
*Specialization- occurs when people concentrate their production on fewer kinds of goods and services than they consume
What do you think would happen if…
• Quality of each product if produced another round? Why?
• # of products produced for another round?• Each country wanted both postcards?• Each trades 1 quarter of postcards, how many
of each type will Country A have? B?
Count # of products produced
• What happened to worldwide productions? Why?• Quality of triangular in Country A vs rectangular in
B?• Why couldn’t countries produce second good so it
would be exactly like the one imported?• In first round, free trade. How did individuals in
both countries benefit?• How did restricting trade affect production of
goods in each country and worldwide output?
• What happened to the price of a good when trade was restricted? Why?
Protective tariff
• Alexander Hamilton• Meant to protect US goods• Promote domestic manufacturing and business (northeast)• * Higher tariffs (taxes) to raise prices of foreign goods in the United States
What group of people didn’t like this?
What did they do?
Foreign or domestic?
Embargo Act• embargo – banning of trade• 1807 – banned trade with all foreign countries• Passed to punish British and French;
to protect American merchant ships from attack• Thomas Jefferson
vs1. 2.
Results: What region of the United
States do you think was
impacted most by suspended
trade?Limit trade
Embargo or Tariff?
1. The US taxes all softwood coming into the US from Canada.
2. In 1963, President Kennedy issued sanctions, which prohibited trade with Cuba.
Tariff
Embargo
War of 1812
• James Madison• United States vs. Great Britain• 1812-1814 (1815)• Andrew Jackson war hero• Second War of Independence
1.
2.
Border disputes
3.
4.
NATIONALISm
5. NATIVE
AM
Monroe Doctrine
• Attempt to restrain the influence of European nations in newly independent Latin American countries
• Protects American interests• Policy warning European powers not to interfere with the Americas• James Monroe (John Q. Adams – Sec. of State)• December 2, 1823
INFLUENCE
US
1.
2.EUROPE
American System
• Ideas to make the United States economically independent from other nations (no need for foreign trade)
• Promote national unity• Henry Clay (J.Q. Adams/Jackson) – 1820’s
1. 2. 3.
Midterm Review till 8:40
PlayersFederalists
Antifederalists
George Mason
James MadisonPatrick Henry
Benjamin Franklin George Washington
Roger ShermanAlexander Hamilton
U.S. ConstitutionWhat concerns (from the A of C) did it address?
What are its strengths?
• Most power held by national government• Three branches of government• Legislative branch (make laws)• Executive branch (enforce laws)• Judicial branch (interpret laws)• System of checks and balances
