student lecture

Cohehre april 9 Philosophy of science & debating

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HANZE UNIVERSITY GRONINGEN 2content

1. The ten commandments of Debate

2. Philosophy of science

3. Debate based on topics/hypotheses.

4. Goal :

a critical view based on arguments

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7G_zSos8w_I

john cleese stupid If the brain were so simple we could understand it, we would be so

simple we couldn't.

An example of a philosophical topic for a debate 3

Debating Tips and Strategies

• There are different strategies for participating in debates, today, we will look at some of these strategies

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and of Debating

• DON’TDON’T let your emotions get the better of you.

• DO DO stay calm and speak in a clear, rational voice.

• RememberRemember, debaters do not always choose what side they’re on.

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•DON’TDON’T attack your opponents.

•DO DO stick to your planned, researched arguments.

•TIPSTIPS:

•Cue cards can help a debater to stay focused, but DON’T DON’T read from them, use them as a guide.

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•DODO use humor and / or anecdotes in your speaking:

•Using examples helps illustrate your position, and uses an argument of precedence

•Stories or jokes that are appropriate can be very involving

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The commendmants mell brooks

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4TAtRCJIqnk

1.30 min

The commandments for debate

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The ten Commandments

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Three examples

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q-GkrHKcwvo

can we believe what the prime minister said

1 minuut

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Example 2

• Thou should not attack the persons character, but the argument itself

• Theorum: Pain is in the brain• Student:• Professor:

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Example 3

• Thou shall not claim that, because something occurred before, it must be the cause.

• Theorum:At full moon it is always could.

So full moon is the cause of a cold night?

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WHERE PHILOSOPHY MEETS SCIENCE

Science is obtained both systematic and orderly objective human knowledge, as the process of knowledge acquisition and the community in which this knowledge is gathered

philosophy of science that takes up questions that arise within particular scientific theories 

So philosophy of science, is a matter of focusing with a certain level of philosophical sensitivity and sophistication on questions at the foundations of physics.

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Philosophy

• What is philosophy?

• Philosophy has been called

many things and it can have

many meanings

• Those single words or

statements on the right side

are only some of them

• Wisdom

• Reality

• Theories

• Meaning of Life

• Nature of being human

• Life perspectives

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What words would you add

3 Definitions of ‘Philosophy’

• ‘Philosophy’ is used in a variety of ways. Roughly, these entries can be divided into 3 groups:– 1. ‘Philosophy’ as an academic discipline– 2. ‘Philosophy’ as a set of beliefs or worldview– 3. ‘Philosophy’ as a study or inquiry

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kO8x8eoU3L4

Father Guido Sarducci’s Five Minute University:

– Philosophy’ is an academic discipline

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The Stereotype of Philosophy

• Definition 1 merely states that philosophy is something that is done at a university, involving two distinct elements:– 1. Mental Masturbation: Philosophy is done at a

university, and at a university only. Indeed, philosophy is seen by many as a kind of intellectual exercise in futility: guys discussing abstract topics having no practical use.

– 2. Intellectual Bullying: Philosophers always seem to know better, and constantly plague us with questions.

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Philosophy as a Set of Beliefs

• ‘philosophy’ as a worldview or set of beliefs: ‘My philosophy in this regard is …’, ‘Plato’s philosophy’, etc.

• Philosophies provide answers to difficult questions, and thus often serve as a kind of guide to conduct life and navigate the world to explain the reality.

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Philosophy as Rational InquiryExplain the reality

• Philosophy in this sense is (like definition 1, but unlike definition 2) an activity: it is something you do. In particular, doing philosophy is using our rationality in trying to figure out the answers to difficult questions (related to any subject matter).

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Philosophy of footballexample of explaining the reality

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=79vdlEcWxvM

monty phyton philosophy football 2.30minuut

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Doing philosophy roughly consists of two parts:

– 1. The generation of possible ideas, concepts, views, beliefs, or answers with respect to some issue or question.

– 2. The evaluation of those generated beliefs in order to figure out which make sense and which don’t, which is true and which is false,

In sum, the philosopher should be open-minded but not so open-minded that his or her brain is going to fall out!

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Open-Mindedness: An AttitudeOK, so what makes one open-minded?

• An attitude towards beliefs:– You are able to consider alternative beliefs.– You accept the possibility that existing beliefs

are false.– In sum: You are critical towards existing

beliefs.

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But why it is hard to be critical

• Habit– It’s hard to change our thinking patterns– We hate to lose the ‘investment’ we have put in

our beliefs

We fear the consequences of the truth of a belief–We like certainty and hate uncertainty–We love to be right and hate to be wrong

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Summary of Philosophy

• It should now be clear why many people have such a negative stereotype of philosophy: – Philosophers are critical thinkers, and we don’t like

critical thinkers. In fact, by being critical, philosophers always seem to know better (‘intellectual bullying’).

– Since the questions that philosophers ask are big, progress will be slow, and seemingly non-existent. Thus, philosophy seems like a waste of time (‘mental masturbation’).

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Mental masturbation

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B-LiATmd3IY

mental masturbation Ben Forrester Effinfunny Stand Up - Mental Masturbation

1.48 min

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A brief history of ontology

Descartes (1596 – 1650)•Central role of mind

•Dualism of mind and matter

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COGITO ERGO SUMI THINK, THEREFORE:

I AM

ontological issues are concerned with questions pertaining to the kinds of things that exist

within society

Current ontology

EGO METIRO ERGO SUMI MEASURE, THEREFORE: I

AM

QUANTIFIED SELF

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Explore the quantified self revolution

jason silva

• Quantified self introduction• https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=kjflrXDDU-w

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...practice of collecting one's data for the purpose of self-improvement. It involves data analysis, data visualisation, pattern-spotting and ultimately finding ways of adjusting one's behaviour.

...also goes under the name of quantified self or personal informatics.

Self-hacking and data Literacy

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Data Literacy

… how do I analyse, understand, interpret and re-use my own data?

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Is it only positive?Ignaas Devisch philosopher from Belgium Sick from health

THE NEW OBSESSION “ARE WHE HEALTHY”?We are so obsessively seeking health that we become ill

Tell me everything is good, we strive(search) for maximum health

There is something going on health is an ideal to which we continuously strive(serach)

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Technical improvements

The use of Ritalin medicine is fivefold over a period of 8 years?Based on  Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.   this is strange?

This box is increasing not because more medical problems, but because we quickly evaluate things based on technical and medical improvement

Quantified self is facilitating this process?

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Preventive examinationfor example a full body scan

The chance that you get lung cancer is 0.5%After the full body scan.

What are you going to do?after this moment you are not anymore a healthy Citizen but a patient.

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the law of increasing annoyanceA German philosopher

The more we check the more we annoyance that we can not control.

Because we look for answers because of the uncertainty.

Is this the reason that the use of Quantified selfIncreased is this related to philosophy?

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Challenge yourself with

quantified self

• Students of the hanze university• 1.57 minuut• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5aBabwS-

hqc

Example of checking

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Linking Emotions with Physical SymptomsLinking Emotions with Physical Symptoms

““The good physician treats the The good physician treats the disease, but the great physician disease, but the great physician treats the person.” treats the person.”

William Osler William Osler

william Osler

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Explanation of the debating part

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TOPICS FOR DEBATING

• Ignaas Devisch has nothing against medical improvement, but it also has a negative side:

• It creates a new attitude: as consumers we have a right to health. Who is not sick, is looking more and more until something is found.

• For or against

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TOPICS FOR DEBATING

THE NEW OBSESSION “ARE WE HEALTHY”?

We are so obsessively seeking health that we become ill

QUANTIFIED SELF WILL

FACILITATE THIS OBSESSION

For or against? 40

Based on technical improvement

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should we not make us more concerned about over-consumption of available care?

In 2040, half of the income will be spent on care

The tricky question is how do we intervene?

WHICH CHOISES WILL YOU MAKE

MAKE A CHOICE

Ignaas Devisch philosopher from Belgium Sick from health

Where does health stop and where we have to deal with a personal aim for a better life

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AFSLUITER

end of debat