12
Student name: AI-UNO2
Student name:
AI-UNO2
STEM-D
Knowledge and understanding
Students extend their understanding of how individual components work and learn to program microcontrollers. They also consider factors that impact on design decisions and the technologies used to produce prototype models that can perform tasks without constant input by the user.
Processes and production skills
Students create new design solutions. They establish criteria for success that includes sustainability and conservations and evaluate the outcomes. They create and connect design ideas and processes and learn to improve performance by learning from experience. They skillfully produce high quality designed prototypes that are suitable for the intended purpose, whilst working safely and collaboratively and managing available time.
DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGIES
Steven Penna
Artificial Intelligence Using
Arduino UNO
Artificial Intelligence using Arduino UNO Page 1.
©Copyright LAPtek Pty. Ltd. Design and Technologies
Student Learning Guide & Record
Activity Page Description Date
completed Instructor's signature
1 12 Explain how a magnetic field creates movement
2 13 Control a unipolar stepper motor - Program 1
3 14 Change the parameters
4 15 Control a unipolar stepper motor - Program 2
5 15 Change the parameters
6 16 Control a two unipolar stepper motors
7 19 Explain why it is necessary to use a pull-up or pull-down resistor
8 20 Test pull-up resistor circuit
9 22 Test the tilt switch
10 23 Add LED’s to the tilt switch
11 24 Identify uses for a tilt switch
12 26 Read a radio frequency identification tag
13 27 Record the RFID tag ID
14 28 Use a RFID tag to operate a servo
15 30 Explain how a water level detection sensor works
16 31 Observe resistance change
17 32 Make a rain detector
18 37 Write in the code for the following numbers
19 37 Write in the code for the following numbers
20 38 Display digital numbers 0 – 2 on a 7 segment LED display
21 40 Add the digital numbers 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 0
22 41 Display digital numbers 8 to test connections for a 4 digit LED display module
23 42 Display digital numbers 1 - 4
24 45 Change the delay time
25 48 Use a 74HC595 shift register - Binary
26 49 Use a 74HC595 shift register - Decimal
27 50 Use a 74HC595 shift register – To count
28 51 Add extra letters of the alphabet
29 54 Identify common applications of temperature sensors
30 54 Add DHT sensor to library
31 55 Use a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor
32 57 Make the DHT11 temp and humidity sensor portable
33 62 Explain how a fresnel lenz works
34 62 Use a HC-SR501 PIR sensor
35 63 Change the sensitivity, time delay and mode
36 65 Use a capacitive touch sensor
37 70 Using relays to control the direction of a DC motor
38 72 Use a relay to turn a motor on
39 74 Sun rise and sun set
40 75 Rotate the solar panel 15° per hour
41 80 Rotate the solar panel continuously
42 85 Explain how your TV infrared remote works
Page 2. Artificial Intelligence using Arduino UNO
Design and Technologies ©Copyright LAPtek Pty. Ltd.
Activity Page Description Date
completed Instructor's signature
43 85 Make a line follower robot
44 93 Explain how you would use aesthetics and ergonomics
45 94 Reflection
46 95 Introduction to Fusion 360
47 104 Write your design brief
48 105 Carry out research
49 108 List of materials and components
50 109 Evaluation criteria
51 111 Concept drawings
52 113 Design options
53 116 Draw preferred design option
54 118 Match surfaces of orthogonal drawing
55 119 Transfer letters 1
56 120 Transfer letters 2
57 121 Orthographic drawing of preferred design option
58 122 Make a scale model of your preferred design option
59 123 Justification of preferred option
60 123 Production plan
61 126 Make your product
62 126 Reflections
63 130 Risk assessment
64 131 Evaluation report
65 133 Maintain a record of the production work (50+ words)
66 143 Environmental sustainability
67 146 Visit EPA website – Greenhouse animation
68 149 Visit EPA website – Carbon footprint animation
69 150 Importance of biodiversity
70 153 Visit EPA website – Ozone animation
71 153 Air quality
72 154 Water quality and noise pollution
73 157 Class activity – Reused, recycled or disposed of
74 159 Carry out a waste audit – Group activity
75 161 Action plan to reduce waste – Group activity
Artificial Intelligence using Arduino UNO Page 15.
©Copyright L.A.P.tek Pty. Ltd. Design and Technologies
ACTIVITY 4: CONTROL A UNIPOLAR STEPPER MOTOR - PROGRAM 2
How: You know the output steps for the unipolar stepper motor is 2048 steps (32 x 64) and you do
not want to use numbers in the void loop. The following sketch creates an integer (int) for
each variable. To control a unipolar stepper motor using int carry out the following steps.
1. Type the following sketch into Arduino IDE.
2. Upload the program to your Arduino UNO. When it has done uploading the stepper motor
should rotate one revolution clockwise, stop, then rotate one revolution anti-clockwise.
ACTIVITY 5: CHANGE THE PARAMETERS
How: 1. Change the motor speed (motSpeed), from 10 to 5, to 2. Try a variety of speeds and
note how it affects the motor speed.
2. Half the revolution by dividing by 2
myUnipoplar.step(stepsPerRev /2); // Turns one revolution CW
delay (Delay1); // Delays for one second
myUnipoplar.step(- stepsPerRev /2); // Turns one revolution ACW (-)
delay (Delay1); // Delays for one second
3. What happens when you divide by 3 or maybe 4?
Page 28. Artificial Intelligence using Arduino UNO
Design and Technologies ©Copyright L.A.P.tek Pty. Ltd.
ACTIVITY 14: USE A RFID TAG TO OPERATE A SERVO
How: Connect a RFID – RC522 module and a servo to an Arduino UNO and write a program that
enables the RFID Tag to operate the servo. This can be achieved by carrying out the
following steps.
Part required: 1x RFID – RC522 module
1x Servo
1. Connect the RFID – RC522 module and the servo to the Arduino UNO, as per the following
diagram.
Connections for the RFID Servo Lock Program
2. Write a program that enables the RFID Tag to be read then operate a servo arm through 70º.
Page 34. Artificial Intelligence using Arduino UNO
Design and Technologies ©Copyright L.A.P.tek Pty. Ltd.
SEVEN SEGMENT LED DISPLAY
The seven-segment LED display (eight if you use
the decimal point) is seven or eight LEDS
arranged in a particular pattern. These patterns
form numbers and characters by displaying
different combinations of segments. A circular
LED is used to indicate the decimal point.
Seven segment LED Display (Eight with DP)
Types of seven segment LED displays
There are two types of seven segment LED displays:
1. Common cathode. 2. Common anode.
Common Cathode
With a common cathode seven segment
LED display, all the cathode connections
of the LED segments are joined together to
logic ‘0’ or ground (‘Gnd’). The individual
segments are illuminated by application of
a ‘HIGH’, or logic ‘1’ signal. The LEDs
which are connect to a ‘HIGH’ or ‘Logic
1’ signal turn on. Those which are left
open (unconnected to 5V) stay shut off.
Common cathode LED display
Common Anode
With a common anode LED display, all
the anode connections of the LED
segments are joined together to ‘HIGH’ or
logic “1”. The individual segments are
illuminated by applying a ‘LOW’ or logic
‘0’ signal A LED segment is turned on
when the cathode pin is connected to
ground. The LEDs which are connect to
ground turn on. Those which are left open
(unconnected to ground) stay shut off.
Common anode LED display
Pinout
On the right are the seven segment display
pinouts for both the common cathode and the
common anode 7 segment LED display.
NOTE: The only difference is in the power
pins Vcc for common anode and
Gnd for common cathode.
Pinout Common Anode Pinout Common Cathode
Page 50. Artificial Intelligence using Arduino UNO
Design and Technologies ©Copyright L.A.P.tek Pty. Ltd.
Using the shiftOut function
You can reduce the number of lines of code in a sketch by creating a
pattern for characters eg, 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, A, b, C, d, E, F in binary.
The 7 segment display has 7 diodes labeled A – G. It has 8 if the decimal
point is included. The segment remains ‘OFF’ (LOW) (0) until a HIGH
(1) is sent to it. With the binary number for 0 (11111100) all segments
except for G are HIGH (1). Understanding this, enables you to look at
the binary number and picture the OUTPUT display.
A B C D E F G DP
1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
7 Segment Displaying ‘0’
ACTIVITY 27: USE A 74HC595 SHIFT REGISTER – TO COUNT
How: Connect a 74HC595 Shift Register and a 7 Segment LED Display to an Arduino UNO and
write a program that will display the digital numbers 0 – 9 and the letters A, b, C, d, E and F.
This can be achieved by carrying out the following steps.
Parts required:
1x 74HS595 Shift Register 7x 470Ω ¼ watt resistors 1x 7 Segment LED Display
1. Connect the 74HC595 Shift Register and a 7 Segment LED Display to the Arduino UNO, as
per the following diagram.
74HC595 Shift Register and 7 Segment LED Display connections
Page 62. Artificial Intelligence using Arduino UNO
Design and Technologies ©Copyright L.A.P.tek Pty. Ltd.
The HC-SR501 PIR sensor also has two potentiometers. One for adjusting the sensitivity of the
sensor and the other for adjusting the time the signal stays high after an object is detected. The time
can be adjusted from 0.3 seconds – 5 minutes.
ACTIVITY 33: EXPLAIN HOW A FRESNEL LENZ WORKS
How: The Fresnel Lenz on the HC-SR501 PIR sensor is an extremely important element of the
sensor. Explain how a Fresnel Lenz works and another application for a Fresnel Lenz.
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ACTIVITY 34: USE A HC-SR501 PIR SENSOR
How: Connect a HC-SR501 PIR sensor to an Arduino UNO and write a program that will indicate
the presence of an intruder by activating a LED and a buzzer and also sends a message to the
serial monitor. This can be achieved by carrying out the following steps.
Parts required: 1x HC-SR501 PIR sensor 1x Red LED 1x 330Ω resistor 1x Buzzer
1. Connect the HC-SR501 PIR sensor, 330Ω resistor, red LED and buzzer to the Arduino UNO, as
per the following diagram.
HC-SR501 connections
Artificial Intelligence using Arduino UNO Page 75.
©Copyright L.A.P.tek Pty. Ltd. Design and Technologies
ACTIVITY 40: ROTATE THE SOLAR PANEL 15° PER HOUR
How: The earth rotates 360° in 24 hours that equals 15° per hour. Design, make and write a
sketch for a prototype solar tracker that adjusts the altitude of the solar panel by 15° per hour
and returns after the night before, to face east ready for the next morning
Parts required: 1x 5V Servo 1x Cardboard box 2x Wooden skewers 1x Glue gun
1. Connect a servo to an Arduino UNO as per the servo connections diagram below.
Servo connections
2. Design and make a solar
tracker
Design and make a prototype model
of a solar tracker.
Constraints:
• Must use recycled materials only.
• Solar tracker rotates on the altitude
axis only.
• The axis angle must be set at the
angle of your latitude.
• Rotate panel to face the sun every
15 minutes.
• Panel returns after the night
before, to face east, ready for the
next morning
• Must complete research and
concept drawings.
Example of a prototype solar tracker
Artificial Intelligence using Arduino UNO Page 95.
©Copyright L.A.P.tek Pty. Ltd. Design and Technologies
ACTIVITY 46: INTRODUCTION TO FUSION 360
How: Complete the following tutorial to help you get started designing with Fusion 360 and help
you understand how it can improve your design processes.
1. Open Fusion 360 and click on the ‘TOP’ view on the projection box
2. Click on the ‘SOLID’ box to bring up the drawing interface grid
Page 122. Artificial Intelligence using Arduino UNO
Design and Technologies ©Copyright L.A.P.tek Pty. Ltd.
SCALE MODEL
It is advisable for you to make a scale model of your preferred option. Making a model can help you
overcome many construction problems.
All you really need to build your own scale model of your preferred option is some thick cardboard or
poster board, a Stanley knife, some glue, maybe a few straight pins or removable masking tape (to
hold things together until the glue dries), a metal straight edge (to help you cut straight lines), and
your orthographic drawings
As mentioned earlier, you also have the option of making your scale model using ICT (Information
Communication Technology). Use a CAD package to make a working model of your preferred
design option.
ACTIVITY 58: MAKE A SCALE MODEL OF YOUR PREFERRED DESIGN OPTION
How: Make a scale model of your preferred design option. Paste a picture or a copy of your
completed scale model below.
3D printer, mechanical hand
