ABSTRACT: Dissoved oxygen concentraton is one of the fundamental land important factors influencing the aquatic environment both chemically and biologically. Dissolved oxygen effects the nutrient availability resulting in the alternal productivity factor which contraols the physiological behavior and distribution of living organisms. In the present work an attempt was made to study the fluctuations in the temperature and dissolved oxygen levels in Karadkhed fresh Water Lake located at Karadkhed of Nanded district, Maharashtra. In the present study the mean temperature recorded were 27.70+3.60, 27.07+4.44+27.24+4.30 at station I, II, III respectively. The measured dissolved oxygen levels were found to be mean + standard devisation at 4.07+2.19, 1.95+4.6+2.01 at station I, II, III respectively. The variations intemperature and dissolved oxygen level, in the present, were found to be well within the permissible limits.Key Words: Temperature, Karadkhed Lake, Temperature Dissloved Oxygen

STUDIES ON TEMPERATIURE FLUCTUACTION AND DISSOLVED OXYEN LEVELS KARADKHED LAKE NEAR DEGLOOR, NANDED MAHARASHTRA

A. M. MANEDepartment of Zoology, A.C.S. College, Shankarnager, Tq. Biloli Dist, Nanded-431605 (M.S.), India

INTRODUCTION:

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS :

Lakes and rivers are the prime source of water for drinking, irrigation and other domestic purposes. About 80% of the earths surface is covered by water yet the inland fresh water availability is account for les that one percent. The lakes contribute globally 0.88% to fresh water resource, which is generally available for drinking and domestic purposes. Today many natural water bodies in India receive millions of lites of fresh water for agricultural run off with different concentrations of pollutants in various forms. Since water affects our life at every step it has become the prime responsibility to maintain the quality of water aquatic environment for a balanced eco-system. The lake, pond and tank prove to be an excellent type for beginning the study of ecosystem. This handy biome on the one hand proves to be a good material for study of functional aspects of the ecosystem and on the other hand it gives the idea of its detroication by the human activites.

The present investigation has been under taken to study the various parameters of Karadkhed fresh water lake, which is becoming more pollutant due to agriculture & Domestic activities.

The Karadkhed lake is an irrigation tank the main source for the drinking water to Degloor town (Taluka), cultivation of fishes and agriculture purpose. This lake is also utilized for fisheries activities. Karadkhed lake covers and area of 700 acres and lies between longitudeof 75-53 E 18-14 N latitude Karadkhed lake has a catchment area of about 26.5 sq. miles. During the monsoon the tank is over and excess water pass out by local stream.

Water samples were collected with all necessary precautions on monthly basis, over a period of one year from Aug. 2007 to July 2008 covering three stations. I, II and III . Station I is located near village by which the lake receive water of Udgirvally . Station II is middle part of tank the maximum percentage of water is present III is located at the Karadkhed.

The temperature of lake water samples war recorded in the field itself with the help of centrigrade thermometer in C . The amount of dissolved oxygen in the collected water samples was estimated in the laboratory by Winklers Titrometric Method (APHA 1995 and NEERI 1996).

In the present inrestation the maximum temperature of Karadkhed lake was recorded in May was 35.7 to 35.0 and 34.6 at station I, II and III respectively in the year 2007-08 . While the minimum temperature was found in January 2007-08 at station I 22.1 C, II 21.0 and II 21.0 and II 21.5. Tge values of temperature are represented in Table 1. Environmental temperature fluctuate both daily and seasonally which is responsible for heating and cooling of lake water. The temperature of any area vary from sunlight to shade and from day light to dark. In karadkhed lake the maximum temperature recorded is due to maximum bright sunshine duration.

The variation of temperature is smaller as any change occur more slowly in water than in air. The measurement of ambient temperature in surface water is of vital importance for calculating the solubility of oxygen and carbondioxide, bicarbonates and carbonates equilibrium. In lake Banjara and Nandim at Hyderabad the maximum temperature recorded was is 32 C and 34 C respectively (J. Gnana Sudha 1998). Sedemkar and Angadi recorded temperature in the range 20.30 to 30.90 in Jagat tank and 21.2 to 31.9 in pala tank (1996). A positive correlation was observed between water temperature and dissolved oxygen. Prithviraj jha et al. (2000) recorded temperature of lake Mirik in Darjeeling Himalayas. It

Cvaried between 20 to 31.0 .In the present investigation the amount of dissolved

oxygen was found to be maximum in January in the 2007-08 with the values 8.3 mg/1 (station I), 7.10 MG/1 (Station II) 7.20 mg/1 at (Staion III). The measured dissolved oxygen levels were minimum in May at station I 1.70 mg/1 at 35.6 C Monthly mean values of dissolved oxygen (mg/1) are represented in Tanle-2 Fig.1 dipects the seasonal variation of dissolved oxygen levels in three stations of the study area. It is clear from the figure that the dissolved oxygen levels were found to be maximum in winter and minimum in summer. This indicates the correlation of (2003) dissolved oxygen levels with temperature (Prithviraj) Jha and Sudip Baret. Increase in temperature of water in summer is as result of might have resulted decrease of dissolved oxygen.

BIONANO FRONTIER VOL. 5 (2 - II) NOV. 2012ISSN 0974-067830

CTable 1. Montly mean values of temperature 0 from karadkhed lake water samples During the year 2007 - 2008

Table 2. Montly mean values of Dissolved oxygen mg/l from Karadkhed lake water samples During the year 2007 -

2008

During winter low temperature, high aeration rate and high photosynthetic activity of micro organism. Other inorganic reduces such as Hydrogen Sulphide, ammonic nitrates and oxidizable substances also tend to decrease in dissolved oxygen in water. Low oxygen in water can kill fish and other organisms present in water. The potable range for drinking water of dissolved oxygen is minimum 4.0 mg/1. In karadkhed lake water observed least value of dissolved oxygen was below the permissible level.

This dissolved oxygen is one of the important parameters in water quality assessments. Its presence is essential in aquatic ecosystem in bringing our various biochemical changes and its effects of metabolic activities of organisms. Dissolved oxygen in regulated primarily by three factors (1) Free diffusion of oxygen air (2) Water production through photosynthesis (3) Consumption by plants, animals and decomposers. The solubility of atmosphere oxygen in

C 0fresh water ranges from 14.6 mg/l at 0 to above. 7 mg/l 35 C under one atmosphere pressure. As it is poorly soluble gas. Its solubility is directly proportional to atmospheric pressure at any given temperature. Neera Srivastava et al. (2003) were recorde dissolved oxygen from the water bodies around Jaipur was at Jalmahal 4.7 mg/1 at Ramgarh with highest dissolved oxygen level i,e. 7.6mg/1 in their studies. J.S.Chandra Sekhar

et al. (2003) recorded dissolved oxygen was 3.8mg/1 at in let near HAC 6.3 Varthur outlet in Bellandur Tank near Bangalore city Sedamukar and Angad (2003) were recorded dissolved oxygen minimum 5.2 mg/1 in the month January and maximum 10.4 mg/1 in the pala tank near Gulbarga. A Positive correlation was observed between water temperature and dissolved oxygen by Prithviraj Jha and Sudip Baral in Mirik lake. The D.O. varied between 5.2 mg/1 to 12.6 mg/1. It was increaded from early May onwards and reached the peak at the end of August. Radhika et al. (2004) seasonal variations of D.O. in surface water of Vellayani lake fluctuated from 4.83 to 7.11, 4.11 to 6.81 mg/1 and 4.71 to 6.60 mg/1 during pre monsoon, monsoon and post monsoon respectively. No significant variations in D.O. were encountered both spatially and temporally in the water or Karadkhed lake.

The authors are thankful to Principal, Art, Commerce & Science college Shankar Nagar, Tq. Biloli Dist. Nanded.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT :-

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