Studies on the Behavior of Coatings in Improving the

Resistance to Hot Corrosion Degradation in Waste

Incineration Environment

SUMMARY REPORT

(UGC MINOR PROJECT)

(UGC letter No. F.No. 39-1003/2010(SR), dated 12.01.2011, issued by Dr. K.C.

Pathak, Joint Secretry, addressed to the Under Secretary (FD-III), UGC, New Delhi)

Submitted to

UNIVERSITY GRANTS COMMISSION

BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEW DELHI – 110 002

By

Dr. Harminder Singh

Assistant Professor in Mechanical Engineering

Guru Nanak Dev University, Regional Campus,

Jalandhar, Punjab, India-144007

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FINAL SUMMARY REPORT OF THE WORK DONE ON THE PROJECT

1. Name and Address of the : Dr. Harminder Singh,

Principal Investigator Assistant Professor in Mechanical

Engineering, Guru Nanak Dev

University, Regional

Campus, Jalandhar, Punjab.

2. Name and Address of the Institution: Guru Nanak Dev University, Regional

Campus, Ladhewali, Jalandhar-144007,

Punjab (Regional Campus of Guru

Nanak Dev University, Amritsar)

3. UGC Approval No. and Date: F.No. 39-1003/2010(SR), dated-

12.01.2011

4. Date of Implementation: 2011-13

5. Tenure of the Project: 2 years

6. Total Grant Allocated: Rs.1,77,000/-

7. Title of the Project:

Studies on the behavior of coatings in improving the resistance to hot corrosion

degradation in waste incineration environment.

8. Whether Objectives were Achieved: Yes

9. Contribution to the Society:

The waste-to-energy plants are useful for disposing of various types of waste,

which are polluting the environment and can be used for producing heat and power

(electricity). This study develops new coating/substrate systems, which are

successfully tested in the corrosive environment of this plant. The use of these

systems will further make these plants economically viable by increasing the

efficiency of these plants.

10. Whether any Ph.D Enrolled/Produced out of the Project:

Ph.D. Degree successfully completed out of this project.

11. No. of Publication out of the Project:

International Journals: 11

International Conferences: 09

National Conferences: 06

Total: 26

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LIST OF PUBLICATIONS WITH DUE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF THE

FUNDS RECEIVED FOR THE PROJECT

International Journals

[1] Harminder Singh, (2015), “Fabrication of high-pressure cold-sprayed coating on

Ni-based superalloy for high temperature corrosive conditions”, JOM (The

Journal of Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, TMS) JOM: Volume 67 (11),

2564-2572, DOI: 10.1007/s11837-015-1628-9, Springer publication (Impact

Factor: 1.757). [2] Harminder Singh, T.S. Sidhu, J. Karthikeyan, S.B.S. Kalsi, (2015), “Evaluation

of characteristics and behavior of cold sprayed Ni-20Cr coating at elevated

temperature in waste incinerator plant”, Surface & Coatings Technology 261,

375-384, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2014.10.060. Elsevier publication

(Impact Factor: 2.453). [3] Harminder Singh, T.S. Sidhu, Sukhminderbir Singh Kalsi (2015),

“Microstructure study of cold-sprayed 50%Ni-50%Cr coating on Inconel-601”,

Surface Engineering, 31(11), 825-831, 10.1179/1743294415Y.0000000062.

10.1080/02670844.2015.1119507 Taylor and Francis Publication (Impact

Factor: 1.51). [4] Harminder Singh, T.S. Sidhu, S.B.S. Kalsi, (2014), “Behavior of Ni-based

superalloys in an actual waste incinerator plant under cyclic conditions for 1,000

h at 900°C”, Corrosion 70 (12) 1249-1263, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5006/1163.

National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE), Houston, USA

publication (Impact Factor: 2.91). [5] Harminder Singh, T.S. Sidhu, S.B.S. Kalsi, (2014), “Behavior of cold sprayed

superalloy in incinerator at 900oC”, Surface Engineering, DOI:

10.1179/1743294414Y.0000000390. Taylor and Francis Publication (Impact

Factor: 1.51). [6] Harminder Singh, T.S. Sidhu, S.B.S. Kalsi, J. Karthikeyan, (2015), “Hot

corrosion behavior of cold sprayed Ni-50Cr coating in an incinerator

environment at 900oC”, Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, 24 (3), 570-578,

DOI: 10.1007/s11666-014-0213-z. Springer publication (Impact Factor: 1.49).

[7] Harminder Singh, T.S. Sidhu, J. Karthikeyan, S.B.S. Kalsi, (2016),

“Development and characterization of Cr3C2-NiCr coated superalloy by novel

cold spray process”, Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 31 (11), 1476-1482,

DOI: 10.1080/10426914.2014.973599. Taylor and Francis Publication (Impact

Factor: 1.49). [8] Harminder Singh, T.S. Sidhu, S.B.S. Kalsi, J. Karthikeyan, (2014), “Evolution

of microstructure by high velocity impacts of particles by cold spray”, Materials

and Manufacturing Processes, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10426914.2014.994766.

Taylor and Francis Publication (Impact Factor: 1.486). [9] Harminder Singh, T. S. Sidhu, (2013), “High temperature corrosion behavior of

Ni-based superalloy Superni-75 in the real service environment of medical waste

incinerator”, Oxidation of metals 80 (5-6) 651-668. Springer publication

(Impact Factor: 1.37). [10] Harminder Singh, T.S. Sidhu, S.B.S. Kalsi, J. Karthikeyan, (2013),

“Development of Cold Spray from Innovation to Emerging Future Coating

Technology”, Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and

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Engineering, 35(3), 231-245, DOI: 10.1007/s40430-013-0030-1. Springer

publication (Impact Factor: 0.43).

[11] Harminder Singh, T.S. Sidhu, S.B.S. Kalsi, (2012), “Cold Spray Technology:

Future of Coating Deposition Processes”, Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale,

(Fracture and Structural Integrity), 22, 69-84, DOI: 10.3221/IGF-ESIS.22.08.

Journal of the Italian Group of Fracture, Italy (Impact Factor: 0.73).

International Conferences

[1] Harminder Singh (2015), “Development of Thermal Spray Coatings,”

International Multi-Stream Conferernce on Technology & Life (IMSC-2015),

held on 8 November, 2015, at CKD Institute of Management & Technology,

Tarn-Tarn, in association with IKG Punjab Technical University, Punjab.

[2] Harminder Singh (2015), “Analysis of Preventive Methods for Boiler Tube

Failures in Waste Incinerators,” International Conference on Emerging Trends in

Engineering & Management (ICETE), held from 20 March, 2015, at Continental

Group of Institutes, Jalvehra, Fategarh Sahib, Punjab.

[3] Harminder Singh (2015), “Analysis of Material Degradation in Chlorine

Environment of Power Plants,” International Conference on Advancements in

Engineering and Technology, held on March, 2015, at Bhai Gurdas Institute of

Engineering and Technology, Sangrur, Punjab.

[4] Harminder Singh (2015), “Cold Sprayed Coating for Power Plants,”

International Multi Track Conference on Science, Engineering & Technical

Innovations, held on 22-23 May, 2015, at CT Institute of Engineering,

Management & Technology, Jalandhar, in association with ISRO and PTU,

Jalandhar.

[5] Harminder Singh, (2015) “Study of Component Failure Mechanism in

Incinerator,” International Conference on Communication, Information &

Computing Technology, ICCICT-15, held at Global Institute of Management and

Emerging Technologies, Amritsar, Punjab, 12-13th May, 2015.

[6] Harminder Singh, (2014), “Hot Corrosion Behavior of Superalloy in the

Incinerator Environment”, International Conference on Advancement &

Futuristic Trends in Mechanical and Materials Engineering, 16-18 October, 2014,

organized by Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, sponsored by DST, CSIR

and DRDO, Govt. of India, New Delhi.

[7] Harminder Singh, (2014), “Hot Corrosion Studies of Cold Sprayed NiCrAlY

Coating on Nickel-Based Superalloy at 900oC”, International Conference on

Advancement & Futuristic Trends in Mechanical and Materials Engineering, 16-

18 October, 2014, organized by Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar,

sponsored by DST, CSIR and DRDO, Govt. of India, New Delhi.

[8] Harminder Singh, (2013), “Cold Spray: A Novel Solid State Coating

Technology”, International Conference on Advancement & Futuristic Trends in

Mechanical and Materials Engineering, 3-6 October, 2013, organized by Punjab

Technical University, Jalandhar, sponsored by DST, CSIR and DRDO, Govt. of

India, New Delhi.

[9] Harminder Singh (2012), “An Overview of the Effect of Hot Corrosion in

Waste to- Energy Plant Environment,” International Conference on Advancement

& Futuristic Trends in Mechanical and Material Engineering, 5-7 October, 2012,

organized by Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, sponsored by DST, CSIR

and DRDO, Govt. of India, New Delhi.

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National Conferences

[10] Harminder Singh, (2015), “Study of Mechanism of Component Failures in

Waste Based Power Plants,” National Conference on Recent Trends in

Mechanical Engineering (RTME-2015), held during 20-21 March, 2015,

department of Mechanical Engineering of Beant College of Engineering and

Technology, Gurdaspur, Punjab.

[11] Harminder Singh (2014), “Corrosion Mechanism Study in Waste-to-Energy

Plants,” National Conference on Advances in Material Sciences, 4-5 April, 2014,

Department of Applied Sciences, Amritsar College of Engineering &

Technology, Amritsar.

[12] Harminder Singh (2014), “Study of Corrosion Provention Measures for Waste

Incinerators,” National Conference on Advances in Material Sciences, April,

2014, Department of Applied Sciences, Amritsar College of Engineering &

Technology (ACET), Amritsar, Punjab.

[13] Harminder Singh (2014), “Hot Corrosion Study in Chlorine Based

Environment,” National Conference on Latest Developments in Science,

Engineering and Management (LDSEM-2014), held on 28-29 March, 2014, at

Amritsar College of Engineering & Technology, Amritsar, sponsored by Punjab

Technical University, Kapurthala, Punjab.

[14] Harminder Singh (2014), “Role of Incinerators in the Society as Waste

Management and Energy Producing Plants,” National Seminar on Law & Social

Justice: Emerging Dimensions held on 8 Feb., 2014, at Guru Nanak Dev

University, Regional Campus, Jalandhar.

[15] Harminder Singh (2012), “An Overview of cold gas dynamic spray coating

technology,” Bhartiya Vigyan Sammelan and Expo, „Science for Global

Development,‟ held at Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, on October 11-

14, 2012, pp.184, organized jointly by Vijnana Bharati, Punjab Technical

University and Lovely Professional University in collaboration with Punjab State

Council for Science and Technology.

Figures

Fig. 1 Actual and Schematic diagram of medical waste incinerator plant where

hot corrosion study conducted.

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Fig. 2 Samples hanged with stainless steel wire in waste incinerator plant, face

covered due hazardous nature of medical waste fuel burned in the plant.

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Fig. 3 Various equipments used for hot corrosion study and the samples exposed

to the hot corrosion environment are also shown.

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Fig. 4 Hot samples mounted in epoxy resin (cold mounting) for characterization.

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Fig. 5 XRD and SEM equipment used in the study