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STUDY & EXAM TECHNIQUES Presentation by
MUHAMMAD
BASHEER
JUMA
MUSTAFA KAMAL
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An Effective student
• Has a regular study scheduleUsually works at the same time
each dayWorks mostly in a regular study
placeWorks for short periods with
frequent rest breaks
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An effective student
Reviews notes soon after a lectureDoes not leave work until the last minute
Does not get easily distracted
Does not need exams for motivation
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PERSONAL WEAKNESSES
• LACK OF UNDERSTANDING– LIFE OBJECTIVES– GOAL SETTING
• LACK OF SELF DISCIPLINE• LACK OF PLANNING• OVER SOCIALIZATION
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PERSONAL WEAKNESSES
• LACK OF PROPER PRIORITIES
• SPREADING TOO THIN
• FAILURE TO LISTEN
• PROCRASTINATION
• POOR COMMUNICATION
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Students to do
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Students to do
Imagine what you want to be after ------years.
Assess your assets and liabilities.
(Good and bad things.)Set your goals.
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Students to do
Determine your priorities.Plan yourself.Schedule your activities.
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Students to do
Change your habits accordingly.Develop your skills.Work hard.Review your progress.Document yourself.
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PLANNING
•EXAM TREND•BOOKS SELECTION•HOURS ALLOCATION
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PLANNING
•Weekly review•Notes Making•Study cards
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IF YOU FAIL TO
PLAN
YOU ARE
PLANNING TO FAIL
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•This not the debt. This is load of books and syllabus.
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S T U YD
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WHEN TO STUDY
• PLAN THE WEEKS STUDY AHEAD
• PLAN A STUDY SESSION FOR EACH OF FIVE OR SIX DAYS A WEEK
• SESSIONS SHOULD BE FROM ONE TO THREE HOURS
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WHEN TO STUDY
• HAVE A DEFINITE BREAK EVERY HOUR
• AVOID LATE HOURS
• PLAN RECREATION AND RELAXATION INTO YOUR TIME TABLE
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WHERE TO STUDY
• ALWAYS IN THE SAME PLACE
• CHOOSE A WARM, LIGHT, WELL VENTILATED ROOM
• AWAY FROM OTHER DISTRACTIONS
• PROPERLY FURNISHED
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ATTENTION and INTEREST
• REMOVE IRRELEVANT AND UNWANTED STIMULI, e.g. NOISE, HUNGER, COLD
• PUT ASIDE OTHER PRESSING MATTERS BY LISTING OR TIMETABLE THEM
• SUPPRESS UNWANTED THOUGHTS BY QUICKLY SWITCHING TO TOPICS UNDER STUDY
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ATTENTION & INTEREST
• UNDERSTAND WHAT YOU ARE STUDYING
• TAKE A LIVELY INTEREST IN THE SUBJECT OUTSIDE YOUR STUDY HOURS
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PRINCIPLES OF MEMORIZING
• NEVER MEMORISE SOMETHING THAT YOU DON’T UNDERSTAND
• ALWAYS TRY TO LINK NEW MATERIAL WITH WHAT YOU HAVE PREVIOUSLY LEARNT
• SELECT THE IMPORTANT ITEMS TO REMEMBER
• ORGANISE THE MATERIAL INTO A MEANINGFUL SYSTEM
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PRINCIPLES OF MEMORIZING
• ACTIVE REPETITION OR RECALL SUCH AS RECITATION OR WRITING OUT AIDS MEMORISING
• THE SEQUENCE OF MEMORISING SHOULD BE THE SAME AS THE LOGICAL SEQUENCE OF THE MATERIAL
• LONG PIECES SHOULD BE MEMORISED IN SHORTER CHUNKS
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MEMORY & LEARNING
• NEVER TRY TO MEMORISE WHAT YOU DON’T UNDERSTAND
• GO OVER NOTES, READING etc. WITHIN 12 HOURS OR WRITING, READING etc.
• MASTER EACH TOPIC BEFORE LEAVING IT• START EACH SESSION WITH A REVIEW OF
THE PREVIOUS SESSION
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MEMORY & LEARNING
• OVER LEARN. DON’T STOP WHEN YOU HAVE ONLY JUST LEARNT SOMETHING
• SELECT IMPORTANT POINTS TO LEARN
• ORGANISE SELECTED ITEMS• USE ACTIVE RECALL (RECITATION
OR WRITING) TO AID MEMORY
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MEMORY & LEARNING
• KEEP YOUR MATERIAL IN A LOGICAL SEQUENCE
• BREAK UP LONG PIECES INTO MANAGEABLE CHUNKS
• USE RHYTHM WHEN LEARNING BY HEART
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MOTIVATION• KEEP YOUR VOCATIONAL AIM IN
MIND• HAVE CLEAR AND REALISTIC GOALS
FOR EVERY STUDY SESSION• CHECK YOUR PROGRESS AT EVERY
SESSION• READ AROUND YOUR SUBJECT
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UNDERSTANDING
• TRY TO REORGANISE THE MATERIAL IN THE WAY WHICH IS BEST FOR YOU
• LINK THE NEW MATERIAL WITH YOUR PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE
• LOOK FOR EXAMPLES TO ILLUSTRATE THE TOPIC AND OTHER THINGS
• ASK: DOES THIS NEW KNOWLEDGE CHANGE MY OLD IDEAS
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UNDERSTANDING
• ASK: WHERE COULD THIS NEW KNOWLEDGE LEAD? WHAT CONSEQUENCES DOES IT HAVE?
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UNDERSTANDING-SUMMARISED
• ALWAYS AIM FOR UNDERSTANDING
• PROMOTE UNDERSTANDING BY REARRANGING MATERIAL, QUESTIONING THE IDEAS AND LOOKING FOR LINKS WITH OLD IDEAS
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WAYS TO BETTER THINKING
• UNDERSTAND ALL THE EVIDENCE AND THEORIES
• LOOK FOR STATEMENT WITHOUT EVIDENCE
• CONSIDER ALTERNATIVE EVIDENCE
• LOOK AT YOUR EXAMPLES - ARE THEY TYPICAL?
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WAYS TO BETTER THINKING
• TAKE YOUR ARGUMENT TO ITS EXTREMES
• AVOID EMOTIONAL WORDS AND PHRASES
• CONSIDER YOUR TOPIC FROM ALL POSSIBLE ANGLES
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REVIEW
THE REVIEW STAGE IS THE CHECKING WHICH FOLLOWS RECALL. LOOK BACK OVER THE CHAPTER AND CHECK THAT YOUR RECALL WAS CORRECT. MAKE A SPECIAL NOTE OF ANY IMPORTANT POINTS WHICH YOU FAILED TO RECALL, OR WHICH YOU WRONGLY RECALLED.
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PREPARATION
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BEFORE THE EXAM
• PREPARATION PRESUPPOSES GOOD STUDY TECHNIQUES AND HAVING PLANS WITH:– OBJECTIVES– TIMETABLES– REVISION SCHEDULES
• IN THE EXAM HAVE PROPER EQUIPMENT WITH YOU
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PLAN YOUR ANSWER
• STUDENTS WHO TAKE THE TIME TO STOP AND THINK DO CONSIDERABLY BETTER
• FOUR TO FIVE MINUTES THINKING THROUGH THE KEY POINTS (ABOUT EIGHT) WILL SUFFICE
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PLAN YOUR ANSWER
• MINI MINDMAP IS GOOD METHOD OF BRAIN STORMING AND PLANNING YOUR ANSWER
• A PLAN GIVES RISE TO A LOGICALLY, WELL STRUCTURED AND CONCISE ANSWER
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READ THE QUESTION
• READ THE QUESTION CAREFULLY A FEW TIMES UNTIL YOU KNOW EXACTLY WHAT IS REQUIRED
• NOTE ANY SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS e.g. LIST, DETAIL, ADVISE, EXPLAIN, REPORT etc.
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PRESENTATION
• PRESENT THE EXAMINER WITH PARAGRAPHED MATERIAL WITH HEADINGS UNDERLINED FOR EMPHASIS
• FOR QUESTIONS REQUIRING DISCUSSION HAVE AN INTRODUCTION, A MIDDLE AND PROPER CONCLUSION
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PRESENTATION
• WATCH YOUR GRAMMAR, PUNCTUATION, HANDWRITING AND SPELLING
• IN THE NUMERATE SUBJECTS YOU WILL GET MARKS FOR THE CORRECT METHODOLOGY EVEN IF THE ANSWER IS WRONG
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PRESENTATION
• USE A LISTING TECHNIQUE WITH NUMBERED POINTS
• USE LABELED DIAGRAMS AS APPROPRIATE
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ANSWER THE QUESTION
• ANSWER THE QUESTION & NOTHING BUT THE QUESTION
• READ THE QUESTION SLOWLY, DELIBERATELY AND CAREFULLY REALISING THAT EVERY WORD IS IMPORTANT
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RELATE THEORY TO PRACTICE
• USE PRACTICAL EXAMPLES TO ILLUSTRATE THE POINTS MADE
• DO TAKE AN INTEREST IN WHAT IS GOING ON ABOUT YOU IN GENERAL
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ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS/PARTS
• ANSWERING ALL QUESTIONS SHOW THE FULL COVERAGE OF THE SYLLABUS
• MORE QUESTIONS/PARTS YOU ANSWER THE GREATER THE CHANCE OF PASSING
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ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS/PARTS
• LEAVE SPACE AT THE END OF THE ANSWERS TO CATER FOR IDEAS
• START EACH ANSWER ON FRESH SHEET
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IRRELEVANCE
• AVOID IRRELEVANCE AT ALL COST• EXAMINERS WANT PERTINENT
FACTS AND THEORY RELATED TO THE QUESTION
• DON’T USE TAUTOLOGICAL STATEMENTS– e.g. ACCRUED EXPENSES ARE
EXPENSES WHICH ARE ACCRUED
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OVER-LEARN KEY DEFINITIONS
• IDENTIFY THE IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS FOR EACH SUBJECT AND LEARN THESE BY HEART
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PLEASING THE EXAMINER
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EXAMINATION SUPPORT PROGRAMME
PLANNING TO ATTEMPT THE PAPER
1. READ “REQUIRED 2. FIND CLUE 3. UNDERLINE THE CLUE 4. PRIORITIZE 5. OUTLINE AS FOLLOWS TIME FOR 1-4 10 MINUTES FOR 5 15 MINUTES THEN FOR EACH 1 MARK ALLOCATE 1.5 MINUTES LAST 5 MINUTES FOR REVISION
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WHAT AND HOW
• MARKS YOU WILL OBTAIN FOR YOUR ANSWERS WILL DEPEND NOT SOLELY ON THE CONTENTS BUT ON TWO FACTORS– WHAT YOU ANSWERED– HOW YOU ANSWERED
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LOOK CRITICALLY AND NOTE THE FOLLOWING
POINTS• THE ARRANGEMENT IS PLEASING TO THE
EYE• THE INK IS BLACK AND SHARPLY
PRINTED• THE TYPE IS LARGE ENOUGH TO READ• APT SUB-HEADINGS ATTRACT YOUR
ATTENTION TO THE MAIN DIVISIONS OF THE CHAPTER
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HELP THEM TO HELP YOU
EXAMINERS HAVE TO WORK UNDER SEVERE HANDICAPS:• NOISY SURROUNDINGS• LONG HOURS OF CONTINUOUS CORRECTION• EYE STRAIN• CRAMPED OR UNCOMFORTABLE
POSTURES
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HELP THEM TO HELP YOU
• WORK THAT IS MONOTONOUS
• IRRITABLE OR MOODY TEMPERAMENT DUE TO THE STRAIN OF EXAMINATION CORRECTION WORK IN ADDITION TO THEIR NORMAL DAY WORK
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HEED THESE HINTS
• GOOD FIRST IMPRESSION WITH A NEAT AND BOLDLY WRITTEN COVER PAGE
• FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS EXACTLY• WRITE ANSWER NUMBERS IN MARGIN,
BOLDLY AND ACCURATELY• DON’T USE COLORED INK FOR THESE
NUMBERS
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HEED THESE HINTS
• BE LEGIBLE
• USE A DARK INK AND MEDIUM POINTED NIB
• DRAW NEAT AND LABELED SKETCHES WHERE REQUIRED
• LEAVE SPACE BETWEEN SUBSECTIONS OF ANSWERS
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HEED THESE HINTS
• START EACH NEW ANSWER ON A NEW PAGE
• STICK TO THE POINT, DON’T ADD IRRELEVANT MATTER, POINTLESS JOKES AND LONG ANECDOTES etc.
• BEFORE ANSWERING SPEND SOME TIME PLANNING OUT THE POINTS
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HEED THESE HINTS
• USE SHORT SENTENCES AND SMALL PARAGRAPHS
• WATCH YOUR SPELLING
• GOOD PUNCTUATION HELPS QUICK READING AND PREVENT MISUNDERSTANDING
• NEVER APPEAL TO THE EXAMINER
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PRAY
• Pray to Almighty Allah for the success in the examination
• If you follow the study and exam techniques properly, you can be sure that you are fully prepared for the examination
• GOOD LUCK !
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