Study of Phase-Dispersive X-Ray Imaging Tomomi OhgakiandIchita Endo (Hiroshima Univ.)

Plane wave passing through the objectX-Ray Imaging EquipmentsAbsorption Contrast Method UsualPhase Contrast MethodFor Medical applicationEarly diagnoses of breast cancerImaging for living soft tissues Study of Phase-Dispersive X-Ray Imaging

Cross Section of X-Ray Absorption and Phase ShiftPhase ContrastPhase shift of light elements 1000 times higher than absorptionRadiation dose by phase contrast imaging can be reduced. Phase ShiftAtomic NumberCross Section(cm2)X-ray Energy 8.3 keV13.5keV24.8keV62.0keVAbsorption

Setup for X-Ray Phase-Dispersive MeasurementsX-Ray TubeCharacteristic X-Ray 6070 keVTarget W,Re,AuMonochrometorSilicon single crystalAsymmetric Bragg DiffractionCrystal AnalyzerSilicon single crystalHigher order diffractionMaximum contrast by rotating Crystal analyzerX-Ray DetectorsImaging plate several 10mmEmulsion several mmX-Ray CCD several 10mmTransmission, Reflection X-Ray measurements

Reflection and Transmission IntensitiesW Ka-Line (59.3keV)Crystal analyzer Si(422)thickness 560mmRotating crystal analyzera~rotation angleNo object case

Transmission IntensityW Ka-Line (59.3keV)Crystal analyzer Si(422)thickness 560mmObject (Prism, base 2mm, base angle 45degree)

df/dx

W Ka-Line (59.3keV)Crystal analyzer Si(422)thickness 560mmObject (Prism, base 2mm, base angle 45degree) Reflection Intensity

Reflection and Transmission IntensitiesW Ka-Line (59.3keV)Crystal analyzer Si(422)thickness 560mmObject (Prism, base 2mm, base angle 45degree) Dq=-4.8x10-7rad(a=-0.70)

Arteries of mouse (V.N.Ingal et al.,1998)Veins of leaf (S.Wilkins et al., 1998)Samples of Phase Contrast Method

Medical application, Electronics, Aerospace, Food industriesMedical diagnoses breast cancer, malignant tumors

Search for impurity objects in Foods

Study of Biology

Search of oil fluid mechanics

Investigation of object of art or craft object

Investigation of new materials like ceramics or fiberApproach to Venture Business

Simulation by Dynamical Diffraction TheoryCrystal surfaceDisagreement between analytical formulas and experimental results where df/dx is large changeable.-RaySolve Takagi-Taupin equationsusing Simulation.Reflection X-RayTransmission X-Ray

Simulation code CPRIX-ray tube or SOR lightTarget size, current, voltageSlitTransfer matrixMonochromatorAsymmetric Bragg diffractionObjectLinear absorption coefficient, refractive index Crystal analyzerTakagi-Taupin eqs.DetectorDetection area, Detection efficiencyPurposeCalculate Phase Radiological Imaging

Intensity of one photon incidenceCrystal surfaceSi CrystalCrystal surfaceIncident X-Ray

Intensities by Simulation

Prototype experiments

Prototype Products

X-Ray TubeX-Ray Tube22.5mA55kVTarget Mo

Imaging plate

Imaging Plate ReaderRigakuR-AXIS-D53

Prototype experimentsAsymmetric Bragg DiffractionGe crystal (115)qB=19.0qB-a=3.2b=0.0983Laue caseGe crystal(220)thickness200mmqB=10.2Mo Ka1-linel=0.709260w=17.480 keVPolypropylener=0.95g/cm3

Rocking curve from crystal analyzerLaue casew=295mradw=329mradGe (220)w=27.4mradqx=820mradqy=13mrad

Transmission Image of Polypropyleneq-qB=+160 mradq-qB=-160 mradq-qB=0 mrad

Rocking curve from crystal analyzerBragg casew=235mradSi (220)w=10.9mrad

Reflection Image of Polypropyleneq-qB=0 mrad

We have done the prototype experiments for PDI.We have made the simulation code for PDI.Now Hiroshima group will study PDI with Betatron.X2001-203219 (July 11, 2001) "Simulation code for phase radiological imaging using dynamical theory T.Ohgaki and I.Endo Summary

REFERHiroshima Univ. got RF cavityBeam life time is 4min.

benign tumors or malignant tumors