SubjectSubjectIII. Sedimentary RocksIII. Sedimentary Rocks

Mr. Mathews’ Earth Science 6Mr. Mathews’ Earth Science 6thth GradeGrade

Limestone

Sandstone

BrecciaConglomerat

e

ShaleCoal

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• A. From Sediment to Rock

• Sediment – small, solid pieces of material that come from rocks or living things

• It is carried by water, wind, and ice.

What is happening here?What is happening here?

What has happened here?What has happened here?

1. The 5 Processes that make Sedimentary Rock

Destructive Force

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a. Weathering – process that breaks rock into smaller pieces by wind, water, heat, ice, and gravity.

b. Erosion – wind, water, ice, or gravity moves sediment from one place to another

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1. The 5 Processes that make Sedimentary Rock

c. Deposition – sediment settles out of the water, wind, or ice carrying it.

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1. The 5 Processes that Make Sedimentary Rock

d. Compaction – process that presses sediment together

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1. The 5 Processes that Make Sedimentary Rock

e. Cementation – process in which dissolved minerals solidify and glue particles of sediment together.

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B. Types of Sedimentary Rock

Sed. rocks classified according to type of sediments that make up the rock.

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B. Types of Sedimentary Rock

1. Clastic Rocks - forms when inorganic sediment is squeezed together.

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B. Types of Sedimentary Rock

Examples• Shale• Sandstone• Conglomerate and

Breccia

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B. Types of Sedimentary Rock

2. Organic Rocks – forms where the remains of plants and animals are deposited in thick layers.

-”Organic” refers to substances that once were part of living things.

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B. Types of Sedimentary Rock

Examples

a. Coal

b. Limestone

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B. Types of Sedimentary Rock

3. Chemical Rocks – form when minerals that are dissolved in a liquid crystallize.

Example - Halite

C. Uses of Sedimentary RocksC. Uses of Sedimentary Rocks

- The main use is for building material.