S U B J E C T INDEX

ACTH secretion. 353 fish ovine hypothalamic corticotropin

releasing factor (oCRF) peptide comparisons sauvagine (SVG) urotensin 1

Adipokinetic hormones corpus cardiacum, 437 diuretic peptide 1,407 diuretic peptide 2,407 fat body metabolism, 437 insects, 407. 437 isolation and characterization. 407 lipoproteins. 437

Ambient temperature, 99 fasted rats fed rats [leu"]phyllolitorin thermoregulation

Amino acid sequence bee venom, 431 bombesin-like peptides, 75 bumblebee mast cell degranulating

peptide tMCD), 431 gastric secretion. 75 neuromedins. 245 porcine spinal cord, 245 purification, 245 smooth-muscle stimulating activity,

245 Amphibian peptides. 131

anterior pituitary in vitro in vivo neuroendocrine effects

Amphibian skin APUD system peptides, 203 evolutionary significance, peptides, 13 gel-chromatography, 203 radioimmunoassay, 203 taxonomic significance, peptides, 13

Amphibian skin peptides gonadotroph cells, 197 newts. 209 rat adenohypophysis. 197 tryptophyllins. 197

Amphibian skin tryptophyllins. 187 chromatofocusing high performance liquid

chromatography (HPLC) isoelectric focusing isolation and purification primary structure determination

Amphibians, 289 blood pressure evolutionary development nonmammalian angiotensins

Analgesia catalepsy, 149 dermorphin, 127, 149 dermorphin analogs, 155 guinea pig ileum, 127, 155 intestinal inhibition, 149 intestinal motility, 155 lesions, electrolytic, 149

opiate-like peptides, 127 opioid receptors, 155 /.L-receptors. 127

Analgesia catalepsy, 165 cross-tolerance dermorphin morphine tolerance

Analgesia. central, 277 analgesia, peripheral calcitonin hyperalgesia route of administration

Analgesia. peripheral, 277 analgesia, central calcitonin hyperalgesia route of administration

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), 339

bradykinin potentiating peptide (BPP) Chinese snake venom

Animal models. 257 gut neuromedin B

Anterior pituitary, 131 amphibian peptides in vitro in vivo neuroendocrine effects

Antinociception. 273 catecholamines hot plate salmon calcitonin

Antrectomy. 89 bombesin CCK release gastrin hyperplasia pancreatic hypertrophy

APUD system peptides, 203 amphibian skin gel-chromatography radioimmunoassay

Aplysia c'al~thrnic'a. 445 central nervous system low molecular weight proteins neuropeptides

Arginine vasopressin, 309 mesotocin neurohypophyseal hormones nonmammalian-mammalian transition vasotocin

Arthropods. 403 enkephalins ganglia opioids

Ascidians, 389 CCK-8-1ike peptides neural complex

Autocrine regulator, 63 bombesin gastric secretion lung cancer growth mammalian peptides

Bee venom, 431 amino acid sequence bumblebee MCD peptides

Behavioral changes, 53 corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) eating sauvagine (SVG) urotensin I

Biliary colic, 47 caerulein human studies renal colic

Bioassay, 321 cardiac hormones electronmicroscopy immunocytochemistry phylogeny

Biological function, 265 calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) calcium cardiovascular effects PDN-21

Birds, 333 FMRFamide immunoreactive peptides gastric/CCK-like peptides high performance liquid

chromatography (HPLC) LPLRFamide immunoreactive

peptides Blood pressure, 289

amphibians evolutionary development nonmammalian angiotensins

Bombesin antrectomy, 89 autocrine regulator, 63 bradykinin, 3 caerulein, 3 CCK release, 89 cholecystokinin, 83 dermorphin, 3 drinking, pigeons, 181 drinking, rats, 181 drug interactions, 83 frogs, 3 gastric secretion, 63, 69, 113 gastrin. 89 gut hormones, 113 human neuroendocrine neoplasms, 107 human studies, 113 hyperplasia, 89 immunohistochemistry, 107 lung cancer growth, 63 mammalian peptides, 63 opiate pathways, 69 opioids, 181 pancreatic hypertrophy, 89 pancreatic secretion, 83, 113 Phyllomedusa skin, 3 prostaglandin, 69 sauvagine (SVG), 3 secretin, 83 tachykinin, 3, 181 tryptophyllin, 3

491

492 ,-...

Bombesin-like peptides, 75 amino acid sequence gastric secretion

Bradykinin, 3 bombesin caerulein dermorphin frogs Phyllomedusa skin sauvagine (SVG) tachykinin tryptophyllin

Bradykinin potentiating peptide (BPP), 339

angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) Chinese snake venom

Brain amygdala, 149 anterior pituitary, 131 caudate nucleus, 161 cerebellum, 333 cerebral ganglion, 389 cortex, 143 forebrain, newt, 209 hypothalamus, 143, 149, 333 hypothalamus, newt, 209 nucleus tractus solitarius, 333 periaqueductal gray, 149 raphe magnus nucleus, 149

Bumblebee MCD peptide, 431 amino acid sequence bee venom

Caerulein biliary colic, 47 bombesin, 3 bradykinin. 3 caerulein analogues, 33 dermorphin, 3 frogs, 3 human studies. 47 neuropharmacological properties, 33 PGL a, 17 Phyllomedusa skin, 3 precursor sequencing, 17 recombinant DNA techniques, 17 renal colic, 47 sauvagine (SVG), 3 tachykinin, 3 thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH),

17 tryptophyllin, 3 XCnOl~US hteri.~. 17

Caerulein analogues, 33 caerulein neuropharmacological properties

Calcitonin, 277 analgesia, central analgesia, peripheral hyperalgesia route of administration

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), 265

biological function calcium cardiovascular effects PDN-21

Calcium, 265 biological function calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) cardiovascular effects PDN-21

Cardiac hormones, 321 bioassay electronmicroscopy immunocytochemistry phylogeny

Cardiovascular effects, 265 biological function calcium calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) PDN-2 I

Cartilaginous fish, 383 peptide coexistence peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI) VIP precursors

Catalepsy analgesia, 149 caudate nucleus, 161 dermorphin, 149, 161 intestinal inhibition. 149 lesions, electrolytic. 149 rigidity, 161

Catecholamines, 273 antinociception hot plate saline calcitonin

Caudate nucleus, 161 catalepsy dermorphin rigidity

CCK-8-1ike peptides, 389 ascidians neural complex

CCK release, 89 antrectomy bombesin gastrin hyperplasia pancreatic hypertrophy

Central nervous system (CNS) Aplysia californica. 445 frogs, 215 lizards. 215 low molecular weight proteins, 445 neuropeptides, 445 peripheral nervous system. 215 PYY-like peptides. 215

Cerebral electrical activity, 143 dermorphin drug interactions naloxone rabbits

(/~-Asp") ceruletide, 29 dogs pancreatic exocrine secretion

Chemical signaling, 417 insects neuromuscular junction peptidergic systems

Chemotactic peptide. 485 peptide hormones pinocytosis starved amoeba

Chicks, 137 electrocortical spectrum power opioids

Chinese snake venom. 339 angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) bradykinin potentiating peptide (BPP)

Cholecystokinin bombesin. 83 drug interactions, 83 gastrointestinal hormones. 283

invertebrates, 283 pancreatic secretion, 83 secretin, 83 vertebrates, 283

Chromatofocusing, 187 amphibian skin tryptophyllins high performance liquid

chromatography (HPLC) isoelectric focusing isolation and purification primary structure determination

CI secretion, 379 cyclic AMP marine teleost gill pancreatic peptides

Coelenterates. 477 FMRFamide-like peptides isolation and purification

Corpus cardiacum, 437 adipokinetic hormones fat body metabolism insects lipoproteins

Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF), 53 behavioral changes eating sauvagine tSVG) urotensin I

Cotransmitters. 393 invertebrate peptide lobsters proctolin

Cross-tolerance, 165 analgesia catalepsy dermorphin morphine tolerance

Cyclic AMP (cAMP). 379 CI secretion marine teleost gill pancreatic peptides

Cytotrophic peptides. 425 mastoparan physico-chemical properties venom peptides wasp kinins wasps

Dermorphin analgesia. 127. 149 analgesia catalepsy. 165 bombesin. 3 bradykinin. 3 caerulein. 3 catalepsy. 149, 161 caudate nucleus, 161 cerebral electrical activity. 143 cross-tolerance, 165 drug interactions, 143 endocrine system. 171 frogs, 3 guinea pig ileum, 127 human studies, 171 intestinal inhibition, 149 intrathecal administration. 177 lesions, electrolytic, 149 morphine. 165 naloxone. 143 opiate-like peptides. 127 pain, 177 Phyllomcd.~a skin, 3 postoperative analgesia. 177

493

rabbits, 143 /.t-receptors. 127 rigidity, 161 sauvagine tSVG). 3 tachykinin. 3 tolerance. 165 tryptophyllin, 3

Dermorphin analogs, 155 analgesia guinea pig ileum intestinal motility opioid receptors

Dermorphin synthetic analogues. 117 structure-activity relationships

Diuretic peptide I, 407 adipokinetic hormones diuretic peptide 2 insects isolation and characterization

Diuretic peptide 2,407 adipokinetic hormones diuretic peptide 1 insects isolation and characterization

Drinking, pigeons, 181 bombesins drinking, rats opioids tachykinins

Drinking, rats. 181 bombesins drinking, pigeons opioids tachykinins

DNA sequencing, 465 egg-laying cDNA cloning snails synthetic oligonucleotides

cDNA cloning. 465 egg-laying DNA sequencing snails synthetic oligonucleotides

Dogfish. 373 gastric nerves localization neuropeptides

Dogs. 29 (fl-Asp ~') ceruletide pancreatic exocrine secretion

Drug dermorphin. 165, 177 desipramine. 273 5.7-dihydroxytryptamine, 273 haloperidol. 273 ketanserin. 273 methysergide. 273 morphine. 165, 177 naloxone, 59.69, 99, 137. 171 pentazocine. 137, 177 phentolamine, 273 proglumide, 89 salmon calcitonin. 273

Drug interactions bombesin. 83 cerebral electrical activity. 143 cholecystokinin, 83 dermorphin. 143 naloxone, 143 pancreatic secretion. 83 rabbits. 143 secretin. 83

Eating, 53 behavioral changes corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) sauvagine (SVG) urotensin 1

ECS-induced seizures, 59 endogenous opioids locomotor activity sauvagine (SVG)

Egg-laying. 465 cDNA cloning DNA sequencing snails synthetic oligonucleotides

Egg-laying hormone, 451 FMRFamide growth hormone mollusca snail peptides

Elasmobranch gut, 369 rectal gland rectin secretory activity vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)

Electrocortical spectrum power, 137 chicks opioids

Electronmicroscopy, 321 bioassay cardiac hormones immunocytochemistry phylogeny

Endocrine cells, 223 glicentin intestinal L cells pancreatic peptides

Endocrine system. 171 dermorphin human studies

Endogenous opioids, 59 ECS-induced seizures locomotor activity sauvagine (SVG)

Enkephalins, 403 arthropods ganglia opioids

Enteric nervous system, 363 fish gastrointestinal physiology neuropeptide functions

Evolutionary development, 289 amphibians blood pressure nonmammalian angiotensins

Evolutionary relationships, 295 mammalian peptides nonmammalian peptides

Evolutionary significance, peptides, 13 amphibian skin taxonomic significance, peptides

Fasted rats, 99 ambient temperature [leu~]phyllolitorin fed rats thermoregulation

Fat body metabolism, 437 adipokinetic hormones corpus cardiacum insects lipoproteins

Fed rats. 99 ambient temperature [leu~]phyllolitorin fasted rats thermoregulation

Fish ACTH secretion, 353 enteric nervous system, 363 gastro-intestinal physiology. 363 neuropeptide functions. 363 ovine hypothalamic corticotropin

releasing factor (oCRF). 353 peptide comparisons. 353 sauvagine (SVG), 353 urotensin I, 353

FMRFamide, 451 egg-laying hormone growth hormone mollusca snail peptides

FMRFamide immunoreactive peptides. 333

birds gastrin/CCK-like peptides high performance liquid

chromatography (HPLC} LPLRFamide immunoreactive

peptides FMRFamide-like peptides, 477

coelenterates isolation and purification

Frogs bombesin, 3 bradykinin, 3 caerulein, 3 central nervous system (CNS). 215 dermorphin, 3 lizards, 215 mass spectrometric assay. 23 molecular weight determination, 23 neuropeptide processing, 23 peptide secretion, 23 peripheral nervous system. 215 Phylh,nedusa skin, 3 PYY-like peptides, 215 sauvagine (SVG), 3 tachykinin, 3 tryptophyllin, 3

Ganglia, 403 arthropods enkephalins opioids

Gastric nerves, 373 dogfish localization neuropeptides

Gastric secretion amino acid sequence. 75 autocrine regulator, 63 bombesin, 63, 69, 113 bombesin-like peptides, 75 gut hormones, 113 human studies. 113 lung cancer growth, 63 mammalian peptides, 63 opiate pathways, 69 pancreatic secretion, 113 prostaglandin, 69

Gastrin, 89 antrectomy

494

bombesin CCK release hyperplasia pancreatic hypertrophy

Gastrin/CCK-like peptides, 333 birds FMRFamide immunoreactive peptides high performance liquid

chromatography (HPLC) LPLRFamide immunoreactive

peptides Gastrointestinal hormones, 283

cholecystokinin invertebrates vertebrates

Gastro-intestinal physiology, 363 enteric nervous system fish neuropeptide functions

Gel-chromatography, 203 amphibian skin APUD system peptides radioimmunoassay

Glicentin, 223 endocrine cells intestinal L cells pancreatic peptides

Glucagon, 315 insulin insulin-like growth factors phylogeny somatostatin

Gonadotroph cells, 197 amphibian-skin peptides rat adenohypophysis tryptophyllins

Growth hormone, 451 egg-laying hormone FMRFamide mollusca snail peptides

Guinea pig ileum analgesia. 127, 133 dermorphin. 127 dermorphin analogs, 133 intestinal motility, 155 opiate-like peptide, 127 opioid receptors, 155 ~-receptors

Gut, 257 animal models neuromedin B

Gut endocrine cells, 347 immunocytochemistry pancreatic endocrine cells turtles

Gut hormones. 113 bombesin gastric secretion human studies pancreatic secretion

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)

amphibian skin tryptophyllins, 187 birds. 333 chromatofocusing, 187 FMRFamide immunoreactive

peptides. 333 gastrin, CCK-like peptides, 333 isoelectric focusing, 187

isolation and purification, 187 LPLRFamide immunoreactive

peptides, 333 peptide sequencing, 103 primary structure determination, 187 pyroglutamyl amino peptidase assay,

103 pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, 103 submammalians. 231 substance P-like immunoreactivity, 231

Hormone insulin, 315, 347,451 prostaglandin, 69

Hot plate, 273 antinociception catecholamines salmon calcitonin

Human neuroendocrine neoplasms, 107 bombesin immune histochemistry

Human studies biliary colic, 47 bombesin, 113 caerulein, 47 dermorphin, 171 endocrine system, 171 gastric secretion. 113 gut hormones, 113 pancreatic secretion, 113 renal colic, 47

Hyperalgesia, 277 analgesia, central analgesia, peripheral calcitonin route of administration

Hyperplasia, 89 antrectomy bombesin CCK release gastrin pancreatic hypertrophy

Hypertension, 343 snake venom peptide

Immunocytochemistry bioassay, 321 cardiac hormones, 321 electronmicroscopy, 321 gut endocrine cells, 347 isolation, 459 lesions, peripheral nerve, 249 neuropeptides, 411 opiate peptide loss, 249 pancreatic endocrine cells, 347 peptidergic systems, 459 phylogeny, 321 pond snails, 459 protostomian invertebrates, 41 l radioimmunoassay, 249 spinal cord, 249 turtles. 347

Immunohistochemistry, 107 bombesin human neuroendocrine neoplasms

Insects adipokinetic hormones. 407,437 chemical signaling, 417 corpus cardiacum, 437 diuretic peptide I, 407 diuretic peptide 2,407 fat body metabolism, 437 isolation and characterization, 407 lipoproteins, 437

neuromuscular junction, 417 peptidergic systems, 417

Insulin, 315 glucagon insulin-like growth factors phylogeny somatostatin

Insulin-like growth factors, 315 glucagon insulin phylogeny somatostatin

intestinal inhibition, 149 analgesia catalepsy dermorphin lesions, electrolytic

Intestinal L cells, 223 endocrine cells glicentin pancreatic peptides

Intestinal motility, 155 analgesia dermorphin analogs guinea pig ileum opioid receptors

lntrathecal administration, 177 dermorphin pain postoperative analgesia

Invertebrate peptide, 393 cotransmitters lobsters proctolin

lnvertebre.tes cholecystokinin, 283 gastrointestinal hormones, 283 neuropeptides, 47 l vertebrates, 283 whole mount immunocytochemistry.

471 In vitro. 13 l

amphibian peptides anterior pituitary in vivo neuroendocrine effects

In vivo. 131 amphibian peptides anterior pituitary in vitro neuroendocrine effects

Isoelectric focusing, 187 amphibian skin tryptophyllins chromatofocusing high performance liquid

chromatography (HPLC) isolation and purification primary structure determination

Isolation. 459 immunocytochemistry peptidergic systems pond snails

Isolation and characterization, 407 adipokinetic hormones diuretic peptide I diuretic peptide 2 insects

Isolation and purification amphibian skin tryptophyllins, 187 chromatofocusing. 187 coelenterates, 477 FMRFamide-like peptides, 477

495

high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), 187

isoelectric focusing. 187 primary structure determination. 187

Lesions. electrolytic, 149 analgesia catalepsy dermorphin intestinal inhibition

Lesions, peripheral nerve, 249 immunocytochemistry opiate peptide loss radioimmunoassay spinal cord

Lipoproteins, 437 adipokinetic hormones corpus cardiacum fat body metabolism insects

Lizards. 215 central nervous system (CNS) frogs peripheral nervous system PYY-like peptides

Lobsters. 393 cotransmitters invertebrate peptide proctolin

Localization, 373 dogfish gastric nerves neuropeptides

Locomotor activity, 59 ECS-induced seizures endogenous opioids sauvagine (SVG)

Low molecular weight proteins, 445 AplyMa califin'ni~'a central nervous system (CNS) neuropeptides

LPLRFamide immunoreactive peptides, 333

birds FMRFamide immunoreactive peptides gastrin/CCK-like peptides high performance liquid

chromatography (HPLC) Lung cancer growth, 63

autocrine regulation bombesin gastric secretion mammalian peptides

Mammalian peptides autocrine regulator. 63 bombesin, 63 evolutionary relationship, 295 gastric secretion. 63 lung cancer growth. 63 nonmammalian peptides, 295

Mammals, 237 neuromedin K novel peptide substance K

Marine teleost gill, 379 CI- secretion cyclic AMP pancreatic peptides

Mass spectrometric assay, 23 frogs

molecular weight determination neuropeptide processing peptide secretion

Mastoparan, 425 cytotrophic peptides physico-chemical properties venom peptides ~asp kinins

Mesotocin. 309 arginine vasopressin neurohypophyseal hormones nonmammalian-mammalian transition

asotocin Method

acetylcholine writhing test, 277 autoradiography. 445 bioassay, 321,369 cation-exchange chromatograph}'. 477 cholangiography. 47 c} tochemistry, 389 electron microscopy, 223,321. 373 electrophoresis, 445 faq-atom-bombardment mass

spectrometry (FAB-MS), 23. 393 gas-phase sequencing, 407 gel-chromatography, 203 gel-filtration, 187,209, 403,477 gel permeation chromatography. 257 high performance liquid

chromatography (HPLC), 23. 103, 187. 215, 231, 257, 295, 333. 383. 393. 403,407, 465

hot plate, 277 immunochemistry. 257 immunocytochemistry, 215, 223. 249,

321, 347, 353, 373,383, 389. 393, 411. 459, 477

immunohistochemistry, 107, 197. 209 ion-exchange chromatography, 187 NMR analysis, 425 radioimmunoassay, 203, 215,231. 249,

257. 295,369, 373,383, 393. 477 recombinant DNA techniques, 17 rexersed phase HPLC, 477 ultrasound, 47 ~ hole mount immunocytochemistry,

471 Molecular weight determination, 23

frogs mass spectrometric assay neuropeptide processing peptide secretion

Mollusca. 451 egg-laying hormone FMRFamide grox~th hormone snail peptides

Morphine. 165 analgesia catalepsy cross-tolerance dermorphin tolerance

Naloxone. 143 cerebral electrical activity dermorphin drug interactions rabbits

Neural complex, 389 ascidians CCK-8-1ike peptides

Neuroendocrine effects, 131 amphibian peptides anterior pituitary in vitro in vivo

Neurohypophyseal hormones, 309 arginine vasopressin mesotocin nonmammalian-mammalian transition oxytocin vasotocin

Neuromedin B, 257 animal models gut

Neuromedin K, 237 mammals novel peptides substance K

Neuromedins, 245 amino acid sequence porcine spinal cord purification smooth-muscle stimulating activity

Neuromuscular junction, 417 chemical signaling insects peptidergic systems

Neuropeptide functions, 363 enteric nervous system fish gastro-intestinal physiology

Neuropeptide processing, 23 frogs mass spectrometric assay molecular weight determination peptide secretion

Neuropeptides Aplysia californica. 445 central nervous system (CNS), 445 dogfish, 373 gastric nerves, 373 immunocytochemistry, 411 invertebrates, 471 localization, 373 low molecular weight proteins. 445 protostomian invertebrates, 411 whole mount immunocytochemistry,

471 Neuropharmacological properties. 33

caerulein caerulein analogues

Newts. 209 amphibian skin peptides

Nonmammalian angiotensins, 289 amphibians blood pressure evolutionary development

Nonmammalian-mammalian transition, 309

arginine vasopressin mesotocin neurohypophyseal hormones oxytocin vasotocin

Nonmammalian peptides, 295 evolutionary relationship mammalian peptides

Novel peptides, 237 mammals

• neuromedin K substance K

496

Opiate-like peptides, 127 analgesia dermorphin guinea pig ileum #-receptors

Opiate pathways, 69 bombesin gastric secretion prostaglandin

Opiate peptide loss, 249 immunocytochemistry lesions, peripheral nerve radioimmunoassay spinal cord

Opioid receptors, 155 analgesia dermorphin analogs guinea pig ileum intestinal motility

Opioids arthropods, 403 bombesins, 181 chicks, 137 drinking, pigeons, 181 drinking, rats, 181 electrocortical spectrum power, 137 enkephalins, 403 ganglia, 403 tachykinins, 18 I

Ovine hypothalamic corticotropin releasing factor (oCRF), 353

ACTH secretion fish peptide comparisons sauvagine (SVG) urotensin I

Oxytocin, 309 arginine vasopressin mesotocin neurohypophyseal hormones nonmammalian-mammalian transition vasotocin

Pain, 177 dermorphin intrathecal administration postoperative analgesia

Pancreatic endocrine cells, 347 gut endocrine cells immunocytochemistry turtles

Pancreatic exocrine secretion, 29 (/3-Asp ") ceruletide dogs

Pancreatic hypertrophy, 89 antrectomy bombesin CCK release gastrin hyperplasia

Pancreatic peptides CI secretion, 379 cyclic AMP, 379 endocrine cells, 223 glicentin, 223 intestinal L cells, 223 marine teleost gill, 379

Pancreatic secretion bombesin, 83, 113 cholecystokinin, 83 drug interactions, 83 gastric secretion, 113

gut hormones, 113 human studies, 113 secretion, 83

PDN-21,265 biological function calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) calcium cardiovascular effects

Peptide adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH),

171 alytesin, 75 angiotensin II, 485 angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE),

339 arginine vasopressin, 309 L-asparaginase amidohydrolase, 289 bradykinin (BK), 13, 339 bradykinin potentiating peptide (BPP),

339 bombesin, 13, 63, 69, 75, 83, 89, 107,

113, 181,209, 295, 363, 373,471 bombinin, 425 bombolitin, 425 bovine pancreatic polypeptide (BPP),

471 bumblebee mast cell degranulating

peptide (MCD), 431 caerulein, 13, 17, 23, 33, 47 calcitonin, 277 (fl-Asp ~) ceruletide, 29 chemotactic peptide, 485 cholecystokinin (CCK), 83, 283 cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8),

33,471 corticotropin releasing factor (CRF),

53 crabrolin, 425 C-terminal amide, 23 dermorphin, 3, 13, 131, 137, 149, 155,

161 [Hyp~]dermorphin, 3 diuretic peptide 1 (DPI), 407 diuretic peptide 2 (DP2), 407 egg-laying hormone, 451 fl-endorphin, 137, 471 Leu-enkephalin, 471 D-ala~-methionine enkephalinamide

(DALA), 137 FMRFamide, 451. 471 gastric inhibitory polypeptide, 347 gastrin, 347 gast rin/cholecystokinin, 373 gastrin releasing peptide (GRP), 63.75 glucagon, 315, 347, 379, 485 granulberin, 425 growth hormone (GH), 171,451,471 growth hormone releasing factor

tGRF), 471 kininase, 339 litorin, 75 mesotocin, 309 motilin. 347 neuromedin, 63,257 neuromedin B, 69 neuromedin B-30, 245 neuromedin B-32, 245 neuromedin K, 237 neuromedin U-8, 245 neuromedin U-25, 245 neuropeptide Y (NPY), 411 neurotensin. 347, 471

neurotensin 11,471 ovine hypothalamic corticotropin

releasing factor (oCRF), 353 oxytocin, 309, 451 pancreatic polypeptide (PP), 223, 315,

411 peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI), 373,

383, 41 l peptide YY (PYY), 223, 347 PGL a, 17, 23 phyllocaerulein, 3 phyllokinin, 3 phyllolitorin, 3 [Leu~]phyllolitorin, 3, 99 phyllomedusin, 3 physalaemin, 295 physalaemin-like immunoreactive

peptide, 295 pipinin, 425 POL-236, 343 prolactin H, 171 pyroglutamic acid, 23 ranatensin, 75 rectin. 369 RFamide, 477 rohdei-litorin, 3 sauvagine (SVG), 3, 13, 53, 131,209.

353 sauvagine, natural, 59 sauvagine, synthetic, 59 secretin, 83,347, 471 serotonin, 347,471 somatostatin, 315,347, 373, 379, 471 substance K, 237 substance P, 231,237, 363,373,471,

485 tachykinin, 13, 181,209 thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH),

17, 23 thyrotropin stimulating hormone

(TSH), 171 Met-5-TPH-5-amide, 197 tryptophyllins, 13 urotensin I, 53, 353,411 vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP),

363. 369, 373,383, 411,485 vasopressin, 485 arg-vasopressin, 451 vasotocin, 309 xenopsin, 23

Peptide coexistence. 383 cartilaginous fish peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI) VIP precursors

Peptide comparisons. 353 ACTH secretion fish ovine hypothalamic corticotropin

releasing factor (oCRF) sauvagine ISVG) urotensin I

Peptide histidine isoleucine (PHIL 383 cartilaginous fish peptide coexistence VIP precursors

Peptide hormones, 485 chemotactic peptide pinocytosis starved amoeba

Peptide secretion, 23 frogs mass spectrometric assay

497

molecular weight determination neuropeptide processing

Peptide sequencing, 103 high performance liquid

chromatography (HPLCI pyroglutamyl amino peptidase assay pyrrolidone carboxylic acid

Peptidergic systems chemical signaling, 417 immunocytochemistry, 459 insects, 417 isolation. 459 neuromuscular junction, 417 pond snails. 459

Peripheral nervous sytem, 215 central nervous system (CNS) frogs lizards PYY-like peptides

PGL ~, 17 caerulein precursor sequencing recombinant DNA techniques thyrotropin releasing hormone ¢TRH) Xenopus laevis

[Leu"]Phyllolitorin, 99 ambient temperature fasted rats fed rats thermoregulation

Phyllomedttsa skin, 3 bombesin bradykinin caerulein dermorphin frogs sauvagine ISVG) tachykinin tryptophyltin

Phylogeny bioassay. 321 cardiac hormones, 321 electronmicroscopy. 321 glucagon. 315 immunoc~ tochemistry, 32 I insulin, 3t5 insulin-like growth factors. 315 somatostatin, 315

Physico-chemical properties. 425 cytotrophic peptides mastoparans venom peptides wasp kinins wasps

Pinocytosis. 485 chemotactic peptide peptide hormones starved amoeba

Pond snails. 459 immunocytochemistry isolation peptidergic systems

Porcine spinal cord, 245 amino acid sequences neuromedins purification smooth-muscle stimulating activity

Postoperative analgesia. 177 dermorphin intrathecal administration pain

Precursor sequencing, 17 caerulein

PGL a recombinant DNA techniques thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) Xenopus laevis

Primary structure determination, 187 amphibian skin tryptophyllins chromatofocusing high performance liquid

chromatography (HPLC) isoelectric focusing isolation and purification

Proctolin, 393 cotransmitters invertebrate peptide lobsters

Prostaglandin, 69 bombesin gastric secretion opiate pathways

Protostomian invertebrates, 411 immunocytochemistry neuropeptides

Purification, 245 amino acid sequences neuromedins porcine spinal cord smooth-muscle stimulating activity

Pyroglutamyl amino peptidase assay, 103 high performance liquid

chromatography (HPLC) peptide sequencing pyrrolidone carboxylic acid

Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, 103 high performance liquid

chromatography (HPLC) peptide sequencing pyroglutamyl amino peptidase assay

PYY-like peptides, 215 central nervous system (CNS) frogs lizards peripheral nervous system

Rabbits, 143 cerebral electrical activity dermorphin drug interactions naloxone

Radioimmunoassay amphibian skin, 203 APUD system peptides, 203 gel-chromatography, 203 immunocytochemistry, 249 lesions, peripheral nerve, 249 opiate peptide loss. 249 spinal cord. 249

Rat adenohypophysis, 197 amphibian-skin peptides gonadotroph cells tryptophyllins

~z-Receptors, 127 analgesia dermorphin guinea pig ileum opiate-like peptides

Recombinant DNA techniques, 17 caerulein PGL ,~ precursor sequencing thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) Xenopus htevis

Rectal gland, 369 elasmobranch gut rectin secretory activity vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)

Rectin, 369 elasmobranch gut rectal gland secretory activity vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)

Renal colic, 47 biliary colic caerulein human studies

Rigidity, 161 catalepsy caudate nucleus dermorphin

Route of administration, 277 analgesia, central analgesia, peripheral catcitonin hyperalgesia

Salmon calcitonin, 273 antinociception catecholamines hot plate

Sauvagine (SVG) ACTH secretion, 353 behavioral changes, 53 bombesin, 3 bradykinin, 3 caerulein, 3 corticotropin releasing factor (CRF),

53 dermorphin, 3 eating, 53 FCS-induced seizures, 59 endogenous opioids, 59 fish, 353 frogs, 3 locomotor activity, 59 ovine hypothalamic corticotropin

releasing factor (oCRF), 353 peptide comparisons, 353 Phylhmledttsa skin, 3 tachykinin, 3 tryptophyllin, 3 urotensin !, 53. 353

Secretin, 83 bombesin cholecystokinin drug interactions pancreatic secretion

Secretory activity, 369 elasmobranch gut rectal gland rectin vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)

Smooth-muscle stimulating activity, 245 amino acid sequence neuromedins porcine spinal cord purification

Snail peptides, 451 egg-laying hormone FMRFamide growth hormone mollusca

498

Snails, 465 egg-lavinp cDNA cloning DNA sequencing synthetic oligonucleotides

Snake venom peptide, 343 hypertension

Somatostatin, 315 glucagon insulin insulin-like growth factors phylogeny

Spinal cord. 249 immunocytochemistry lesions, peripheral nerve opiate peptide loss radioimmunoassay

Starved amoeba, 485 chemotactic peptide peptide hormones pinucyto~is

Structure-actlvity relationships, 117 dermorphin synthetic analogues

Submammalians, 231 high performance liquid

chromatography (HPLC) substance P-like immunoreactivity

Substance K, 237 mammals neuromedin K novel peptides

Substance P-like immunoreactivity, 231 Synthetic oligonucleotides, 465

egg-laying cDNA cloning DNA sequencing snails

Tachykinin bombesin, 3, 181 bradykinin, 3 caerulein, 3 dermorphin, 3 drinking, pigeons, 181 drinking, rats, 181 frogs. 3 opioids. 181 Phyllomedusa skin, 3 sauvagine (SVG), 3 tryptophyllin, 3

Taxonomic significance, peptides, 13 amphibian skin evolutionary significance, peptides

Thermoregulation, 99 ambient temperature [Leu~]phyllolitorin fasted rats fed rats

Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH), 17 caerulein PGL a precursor sequencing recombinant DNA techniques Xenopus laevis

Tolerance, 165 analgesia catalepsy cross-tolerance desmorphin morphine

Tryptophyllin amphibian-skin peptides, 197 bombesin, 3 bradykinin, 3 caerulein, 3 dermorphin, 3 frogs. 3 gonadotroph cells, 197 Phyllomedusa skin, 3 rat adenohypophysis, 197 sauvagine (SVG) tachvkinln. 3

Turtles. 347 gut endocrine cells immunocytochemistry pancreatic endocrine cells

Urotensin I ACTH secretion, 353 behavioral changes, 53 corticotropin releasing factor (CRF),

53 eating. 53 fish. 353 ovine hypothalamic corticotropin

releasing factor (oCRF), 353 peptide comparisons. 353 sauvagine (SVG), 53. 353

V asoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), 369

elasmobranch gut rectal gland rectin secretory activity

Vasotocin, 309 arginine vasopressin mesotocin neurohypophyseal hormones nonmammalian-mammalian transition oxytocin

Venom peptides, 425 cytotrophic peptides mastoparans physico-chemical properties wasp kinins wasps

Vertebrates, 283 cholecystokinin gastrointestinal hormones invertebrates

VIP precursors, 383 cartilaginous fish peptide coexistence peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI)

Wasp kinins, 425 cytotrophic peptides mastoparans physico-chemical properties venom peptides wasps

Wasps, 425 cytotrophic peptides mastoparans physico-chemical properties venom peptides wasp kinins

Whole mount immunocytochemistry. 471 invertebrates neuropeptides

Xenopus htevis, 17 caerulein PGL ~ precursor sequencing recombinant DNA techniques thyrotropin releasing hormone ~TRH)