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SUBMARINE CABLE SYSTEMSSUBMARINE CABLE SYSTEMSCorrado RoccaCorrado Rocca
NORDUnet Conference - TUTORIAL DayNORDUnet Conference - TUTORIAL Day
27-8-200327-8-2003
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TUTORIAL AGENDATUTORIAL AGENDA
Introduction Submarine System Technology
Basics of optical transmission Linear and non-linear propagation effects Reliability and qualification
Coffee Break Submarine Systems Design and Implementation
Laboratory tools and results Submarine Products Submarine System implementation
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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
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Legend:• Landing points• User access point• Terrestrial Network• Submarine Network• Optical Submerged Amplifiers
SUBMARINE SYSTEMS - INTRODUCTIONSUBMARINE SYSTEMS - INTRODUCTION
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Submarine Systems
Unrepeatered
With Remote Amplification
No Remote Amplification
0 Km < L< 265 Km
265 Km < L< 400 Km
Repeatered
Regional
Transatlantic
Transpacific
500 Km < L< 3000 Km
3000 Km< L< 6000 Km
6000 Km< L< 9000 Km
SUBMARINE SYSTEMS - INTRODUCTIONSUBMARINE SYSTEMS - INTRODUCTION
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RX
RX
RX
TX
TX
TX
TX
TXPUMP
RX PUMP
RX PUMP
A
B
C
D
E
Submerged part of the link
Link LengthA 0 - 150 kmB 140 - 200 kmC 190 - 265 kmD 260 - 320 kmE 300 - 400 km
UNREPEATERED SYSTEMSUNREPEATERED SYSTEMS
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DWDM SLTE STM 64
BUCTU CTU
PFE
PFE
OSLA
DWDM SLTE
STM 64
Wet Plant
Element Manager
DWDM SLTE
CTU STM 64
Element Manager
Element Manager
OSLAOSLA
PFE
REPEATERED SYSTEMSREPEATERED SYSTEMS
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CAPACITY EVOLUTIONCAPACITY EVOLUTION
2002 200? 1998
TDMWDMSDM
2.5 Gb/s 8 8 fibres
10 Gb/s 100 16 fibres
40 Gb/s 128 24 fibres
TOTALCAPACITY / fp 80 Gb/s
> 1 millionPhone calls
8 Tb/s
125 million
60 Tb/s
1 billion
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1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
VOICEDATA
SUBMARINE TRAFFICSUBMARINE TRAFFIC
Data Traffic > Voice Data Traffic > Voice AT&TAT&T 1/2/19971/2/1997BTBT 5/11/19985/11/1998
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TRANSOCEANIC SYSTEMS COST REDUCTION VS. TIMETRANSOCEANIC SYSTEMS COST REDUCTION VS. TIME
£500K£300K
£200K£116K
£56K
£24K £22K
£9K£6K
£2K£1K
£10K
£100K
£1000K
TAT 81988
TAT 91992
TAT 10/111992-1993
T12 RFCS1995
T12/13 full1997
Gemini1998
AC-11998
T12/13Upgrade 1
1998
T12/13Upgrade 2
1999
TAT 14 Full2003
SYSTEM
Mbi
t/s c
ost
SUBMARINE SYSTEMS COST PER BITSUBMARINE SYSTEMS COST PER BIT
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US$b
Voice / Fax Voice & Data Internet, E-CommerceVoice over IP, Dynamic Web PagesWeb Hosting Services, LQ Video
High speed InternetVideo ConferencingVideo on DemandTelemedicine & Imaging3G Wireless
622/2500 Mbit/srigenerated systems
Optical Amplificationsingle wavelength systems
WDM8x2.5 Gbit/s
DWDM 64x10 Gbit/s
DWDM 64x10 Gbit/s
DWDM 100x10 Gbit/s
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
1.4 1.72.4 2.1 2.5
21.5
4.2
5.9 6.2 5.9
1.91.2 1.30.3
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
SUBMARINE MARKET 1990-2004SUBMARINE MARKET 1990-2004
