Submersibles and ROV

Technology

The First SubmarineDavid Bushnell’s Turtle, the first American submarine. Built in 1775, its intended purpose was to break the British naval blockade of New York harbor during the American Revolution. With slight positive buoyancy, Turtle normally floated with approximately six inches of exposed surface. Turtle was powered by a hand-driven propeller. The operator would submerge under the target, and using a screw projecting from the top of Turtle, he would attach a clock-detonated explosive charge

Built by ________________ in ______

Named the “Turtle”

Intended to break the British naval Blockade of New York Harbor

During the Revolutionary War

The Alligator• Hunt for the Alligator

The Civil War Sub

• Designed Brutus de Villeroi

• On April 2, _____it was lost while being towed during a storm never to be recovered

• The United States, surrounded by protecting oceans, had little need to continue to develop a submarine force at this point in its history.

William _____ descended ______ ft. in the first bathysphere in 1932. A record which remained unbroken for 15 years

The name comes from the Greek meaning

“______ _______”

The entire apparatus including the cable and associated lines weighed approximately 10,000 pounds (4,536 kg) submerged.

It consisted of a hollow sphere of one inch (2.54 cm) thick cast steel which was 4.75 ft (1.5 m) in diameter.

On 23 January ____, she reached a record depth of _______ feet in the Challenger deep, off Guam, the deepest point in any of the World's oceans.

Jacques Piccard (right), co-designer of the bathyscaphe, and Ernest Virgil loading iron shot ballast into Trieste, prior to her record 18,600 foot descent in in the Marianas Trench, off Guam. The dive was made on 15 November 1959.

In 1927, 42 men died in 100 ft. of water in the S-4 near Cape Cod.

In 1963, ________, a nuclear submarine, lost its entire crew off the coast of Maine at 1-2 miles down. High pressure seawater line failed, uncontrolled flooding. Black boxes were developed after that.

USS Thresher SSN- U593

Alvin was built for the ______ in _____, a year after the second submarine tragedy. Named for Allyn _____

Alvin is a deep submergence vehicle (DSV) deployed from the R/V Atlantis II. It can transport a crew of ___ people to _________ft.

When Alvin is retired in _____, it will be replaced with a DSV that has a range of 21,000 ft.

In ______, a U.S. Air Force B-52G bomber collided with its refueling tanker over Spain, destroying both planes.

Four unarmed Hydrogen-bombs fell out of the wreckage;

3 fell on land, one fell into the ocean.

It took Alvin 80 days to find it.

•1966 recovery of Hydrogen bombs off the coast of Spain

•1979 First to study the hydrothermal vents at close range

•1985 Finds the _______ with Dr. Robert Ballard

•Still in Operation for over forty years and over _______ Dives

•Found the Bismark

Alvin and her support ship R/V Atlantis

http://www.pbs.org/saf/1503/video/watchonline.htm

The R.O.V.’s

• R_________

• O ________

• V_________

Why ROV’s?

• ROV’s are safer than sending divers

• ROV’s can stay in the water longer

• They are becoming cheaper and more reliable to operate

ROV Basics

• Underwater vehicles which can be controlled from the ________

• Used by Oil companies, Marine Archeologists, Homeland Security, Marine Scientists and Hobbyists

Types of ROV’s

• Small – used for

research.

MBARI ROV

Massive- Heavy Work Class• 225 Horsepower - _______ pounds of vertical lift• Multiple heavy tools

500 Horsepower Cable and Pipeline, Trencher

Is it an aquatic back hoe, an ROV?

Scimitar North Rankin A Platform Northwest Shelf Australia

SIM System Control roomThe Future of the ROV Industry

SIM

250 TONS

85 FEET TALL

How Big is the ROV Industry?

• >500 Work Class Systems $2 Billion• >1,500 Observation Systems $ 20 Million• <50 Science and Specials $ 50 Million• ???? Military Unknown

• Excluding military, best estimate is • 10,000 people are directly employed world wide• Many other are full or part time end users

The Industry’s Greatest Challenge - People• Cyclic nature of the industry• Demand from other technology segments

– Computer, Entertainment, Auto, Aviation & space

• Training • Mentoring • OJT