10.00.00 filologiis mecnierebani Philological Sciences Tamar jojua, maia aRaia

rTuli winadadebis sintaqsuri kavSirebis tipebi—Tanwyoba da qvewyoba (inglisuri enis masalaze) enaTmecnierebis ganviTarebis Tanamedrove etapze, roca gamokvleulia

bevri enobrivi struqtura da movlena, kvlav erT-erT sakamaTo sakiTxad rCeba

sintaqsis gansakuTrebuli erTeuli-rTuli winadadeba, kerZod ki maerTebeli da

maqvemdebarebeli kavSirebis funqcionireba rTul winadadebaSi.

winadadeba warmoadgens ZiriTad sintaqsur erTeuls, romelic sxva lingvisturi

erTeulebisagan gansxvavebiT komunikaciis procesSi ganapirobebs

dasrulebuli azris gaformebas rogorc verbaluri,

aseve weriTi formiT. rogorc cnobilia Tanamedrove sintaqsSi rTuli winadadeba

ganixileba rogorc sami ZiriTadi sintaqsuri erTeulidan erT-erTi

(sityvaSeTanxmebebi, martivi winadadeba, rTuli winadadeba). rTuli

winadadebis Sinagani kavSirebi sakmaod mravalferovania da scdeba martiv

formulirebas “rTuli Sedgeba martivi nawilebisagan”. rogorc rTuli

winadadeba warmoadgens ama Tu im sintaqsuri saSualebebis daxmarebiT

gramatikul mTlianobad Camoyalibebuli ramdenime martivi winadadebis

gaerTianebas, romelic emsaxureba dasrulebuli azris gamoxatvas. masSi

Semavali martivi nawilebisaTvis araa damaxasiaTebeli damoukidebloba da

azris sisrule, isini urTierTkavSirSi imyofebian da rTuli winadadebis

Semadgenel elementebs warmoadgenen. rTulSi gaerTianebul

winadadebebs Soris damokidebuleba TanwyobiTia an qvewyobiTi. Tanwyoba

anu parataqsi gvaqvs maSin, roca rTulSi gaerTianebuli winadadebebi

erTmaneTis mimarT gramatikulad Tanasworia. Tanwyobis saSualebiT

Sedgenili rTuli winadadebebi rTuli Tanwyobilia. qvewyobis anu hipotaqsis

SemTxvevaSi rTul winadadebaSi gaerTianebulia erTmaneTis mimarT

araTanaswori winadadebebi. erTi gabatonebulia-mTavari, meore ki maszea

damokidebuli. aseTi winadadeba rTuli qvewyobilia [1]

bolo aTwleulebis ganmavlobaSi mTeli rigi mkvlevarebis mier gamoiTqmoda

eWvi imasTan dakavSirebiT Tu ramdenad mizanSewonili iyo

enaTmecnierebaSi rTuli winadadebis sintaqsTan dakavSirebuli tradiciuli

sqemebis arseboba, rac gulisxmobs rTuli windadebis dayofas Tanwyobil da

qvewyobil saxeebad. v. Jelvisi[3] Tvlida, rom Tanwyoba da qvewyoba

obieqturad arsebobs enaSi da warmoadgens iseT azrobriv kategoriebs,

romlebic garkveul formalur gamoxatulebas poveben enaSi. azrobrivi

gansxvaveba Tanwyobasa da qvewyobas Soris imaSi mdgomareobs, rom

kavSiriani Tanwyobis dros SeerTebuli winadadebebi Tanasworia, xolo

qvewyobis dros erTi nawili damokidebulia meoreze da mas ama Tu im

saSualebiT emsaxureba. orive SemTxvevaSi winadadebis nawilebi

mWidrodaa dakavSirebuli erTmaneTTan

v. Jelvisi rTuli winadadebis Tanwyobil (maerTebel) kavSirSi gulisxmobda

maT imgvar kavSirs, rodesac winadadebis nawilebi erTnairad arian azrobrivi,

gramtikuli, ritmul-melodiuri TvalsazrisiT damokidebuli, vidre meore,

damokidebuli nawili [3]. mTlianobaSi ki qvewyoba warmoadgens

gamoTqmuli azris calkeul nawilebs Soris ufro mWidro kavSiris magaliTs,

vidre Tanwyoba. aqedan, Sesabamisad momdinareobs rTuli winadadebis

tradiciuli dayofac: Tanwyobilad da qvewyobilad. Tanwyobis (maerTebel)

kavSirebs Cveulebriv ganekuTvnebian majgufebeli (SemaerTebeli),

macalkavebeli, mapirispirebeli da mizez-Sedegobrivi kavSirebi, qvewyobas ki

miakuTvneben calkeul sityva-formebs(that, because, though,etc.), frazul

warmonaqmnebs( in order that, providing that, for all that, so far as, etc) da wyvilurs

(as…as, such…as, etc.).[5] sintaqsur safuZvelze Tanwyobili (maerTebeli) da

qvewyobili kavSirebis difernciacias e. Siriaevi [5] amgvarad xsnis: “opozicia

Tanwyobili/qvewyobili kavSirebi mWidrodaa dakavSirebuli opoziciasTan

Tanwyobili/qvewyobili urTierTobebi rTul windadebaSi, sadac kavSirebi da

makavSirebeli sityvebi kavSiris umniSvnelovanesi formaluri gamomxatvelia.

maqvemdebarebeli (qvewyobili) aris iseTi kavSirebi da sakavSirebeli sityvebi,

romlis drosac predikatuli konstruqciaTa adgilebis Secvla-kavSiris

SenarCunebiT SeuZlebelia, radgan am dros rTuli winadadebis azri mTlianad

an nawilobriv icvleba. am safuZvelze iTvleba, rom kavSiri erT-erT predikatul

konstruqciaSi Sedis, axarisxebs, axasiaTebs mas rogorc damokidebuls

mTavarTan mimarTebaSi.

rTulis SigniT windadebebis gaerTianeba da maT Soris gansxvavebuli

urTierTobebis damyareba xorcieldeba sintaqsuri saSualebebis daxmarebiT

maT ricxvSi Sedis: intonacia, kavSirebi sakavSirebeli sityvebi, Sesabamisi

nacvalsaxelobiTi sityvebi, windadebaTa Tanmimdevroba, gramatikuli

droebisa da kiloebis gamoyeneba, leqsikuri da frazeologiuri elementebi.

lingvistur TeoriaSi zogierTi mosazrebiT miCneuli iyo, rom kavSirebi

windebulebTan da nawilakebTan erTad ganekuTvneba damxmare

(damokidebul) sityvebs, romlebic upirispirdeba srulmniSvnelovan

(damoukidebel) sityvebs-metyvelebis iseT nawilebs rogoricaa: arsebiTi,

zedsarTavi, ricxviTi saxelebi, nacvalsaxelebi, zmnebi da zmnizedebi. ZiriTadi

gansxvaveba am kategoriis sityvebSi isaa rom, metyvelebis

srulmniSvnelovani nawilebi SeiZleba iyos sityva-winadadebebi da

winadadebebis wevrebi. damxmare sityvebi ki gamoiyeneba winadadebaSi

mxolod srulmniSvnelovan sityvebTan erTad. b. iliSis gansazRvrebis

Tanaxmad “ kavSirebi-es iseTi sityvebia, romelic gamoiyeneba winadadebis

wevrebisa da mTeli winadadebebis SesaerTeblad. kavSiri winadadebis

wevrebsa da winadadebebs Soris SeiZleba iyos gansxvavebuli. amitomac

gansxvavdebian Tavad kavSirebic”. [4]

winadadebaSi maTi rolis Sesabamisad kavSirebi SeiZleba gavyoT or nawilad:

erTi rigis kavSirebi gamoxataven winadadebis calkeul sityvebs Soris arsebul

urTierTobebs, meore jgufi gamoxatavs azrobriv kavSirebs rTuli winadadebis

nawilebs Soris. am or jufs Soris aris gansxvavebac da msgavsebac. aris

mravali kavSiri, romlebic mxolod rTuli winadadebis nawilebs Soris azrobrivi

urTierTobis gamosaxatavad gamoiyeneba.

amrigad, kavSirebi asruleben umniSvnelovanes komunikaciur-sametyvelo

funqcias. maTi meSveobiT mosaubre da msmeneli (zogadad metyvelebis

aRmqmeli) amyareben sxvadasxva azrobriv da emociur kavSirs metyvelebis

komponentebs Soris, awarmoeben sametyvelo nawyvetebis danawevrebas,

gadmocemen da aRiqvamen mTelis mniSvnelobasa da mis urTierTobebs

Semadgenel nawilebTan. amaSi gamoixateba sametyvelo urTierTobisaTvis

aucilebeli kavSirebis logikuri da gamomsaxvelobiTi funqciebi. amitomac

kavSirze ar SeiZleba vilaparakoT mxolod rogorc formalur sintaqsur

(gramatikul) maCvenebelze.

Sesabamisad, kavSirebi winadadebis wevrebsa da Tavad winadadebebs Soris

SeiZleba iyos gansxvavebuli. arsebobs kavSirebi, romlebic aerTianebs

winadadebis wevrebs, akavSirebs maT, rogorc Tanaswor elementebs, am

funqciaSi isini yovelTvis iqnebian Tanwyobilni. (maerTebeli) kavSirebi,

romlebic akavSireben erTmaneTTan mTel winadadebebs, SesaZlebelia

aerTebdnen maT Tanaswor safuZvelze _ am SemTxvevaSi es kavSirebi

Tanwyobas gamoxataven da araTanaswor safuZvelze, qvewyobis principiT,

am SemTxvevaSi isini qvewyobas gamoxataven. amrigad,

maqvemdebarebel (qvewyobil kavSirebs) aqvs raRac saerTo windebulTan,

romlebsac zogierTi maTgani warmoSobiTac ukavSirdeba. magaliTad, before,

after, till da a.S.

kavSirebs Soris sazRvrebi yovelTvis ar aris sakmaod mkveTri.

maqvemdebarebeli xasiaTis axali kavSirebi warmoiqmneba sxva metyvelebis

nawilebisagan. magaliTad, mimReoba seeing iZens kavSiris Tvisebebs im

SemTxvevebSi, roca winadadebaSi ar aris iseTi arsebiTi saxeli, romelic

aRiqmeba rogorc qvemdebare am mimReobasTan mimarTebaSi.

davukavSiroT ori winadadeba: seeing that he was angry, I stopped smiling da seeing

that no time is left, it is necessary to move on. pirvel SemTxvevaSi Cven gvaqvs saqme

Cveulebrivi tipis Seqcevadobis mqone mimReobasTan, davinaxe, rom

daiRala da Sevwyvite saubari. meore SemTxvevaSi saqme

gansxvavebuladaa: sityva seeing TiTqos haerSi kidia, radganac winadadebaSi

ar aris sityva, romelic aRiqmeba rogorc misi qvemdebare. amgvar situaciaSi

sityva seeing-is zmnuri mniSvneloba Zalian Sesustebulia. is scildeba zmnas to

see da gadaiqceva kavSirad, romelic aRniSnavs "imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom".

inglisuri enis kavSirebis raodenoba ivseba winadadebiTi SeTanxmebebis

xarjzec. magaliTad, winadadebaSi In case Mary rings tell her to come. SeTanxmeba

in case faqtiurad uTanabrdeba kavSirs if _ Tuki. am Sesabamisobis

warmoqmna savsebiT naTelia: case pirveladi mniSvnelobiT, ra Tqma unda,

arsebiTi saxelia, Mary rings _ gansazRvrebiTi winadadebaa. Tumca enis

Tanamedrove mdgomareobas amgvari axsna ar Seefereba. Sesityveba in case

_ gaxda raRac kavSirismagvari, romelic qmnis pirobiT winadadebas.

sxva axali pirobiTi kavSiri warmoiqmna znizedisagan provided,

magaliTad, aseT winadadebaSi She will help you provided you ask her in time.

"amgvarad Cven Tvalwin, wers b. iliSi, grZeldeba sxvadasxva

wyarodan axali kavSirebis warmoqmnis procesi" [4].

im kavSirebis ricxvi, romlebic erTmaneTTan aerTebs winadadebis

wevrebs, umniSvneloa. ase magaliTad, kavSir and-s aqvs wminda

makavSirebeli mniSvneloba both _ and aris igive mniSvnelobis, oRond ufro

xazgasmulad da mTlian kavSirs neither _ nor-s aqvs uaryofiT-makavSirebeli

mniSvneloba.

Tanwyobili da qvewyobili winadadebebis Sesaxeb swavleba jer kidev gasuli

saukuneebidan arsebobs, rTuli winadadebis diferencireba ukve XIX s. aqtiurd

mimdinareobda, Tumca amgvari dayofa azrTa sxvadasxvaobas iwvevda

mecnierTa Soris. zogierTi (m. petersoni) mTlianad uaryofda enaSi Tnwyobisa

da qvewyobis arsebobas da amtkicebda, rom maT Soris obieqturi

gansxvveba ar aris SenarCunebuli gansakuTrebiT yuradReba maxvildeboda

mTavari winadadebis damoukideblobis arsebobaze, rac savsebiT

dasabuTebulia.

mniSvnelovania aRvniSnoT, rom Tanwyobis dros rTuli winadadebis

kavSirebis Tanmimdevroba dakavSirebulia movlenis TanmimdevrobasTan,

qvewyobis dros ki azris TanmimdevrulobasTan. zogjer, rogorc Jelvisi [3]

aRniSnavs Tanwyobisa da qvewyobis mTavar niSnad rTuli winadadebis

wevrebs Soris saxeldeba maqvemdebarebeli da maerTebeli kavSirebi. Tumca

es niSan-Tviseba garkveulwilad SezRudulia. erTi da imave kavSirebiT

Seqmnil rTul winadadebebSi intonacia icvleba rTuli winadadebis

Semadgeneli martivi winadadebebis azrobrivi damoukideblobis

gaTvaliswinebiT. rTuli winadadebis nawilebs Soris arsebuli logikuri kavSirebi

gansakuTrebiT TvalSisacemia, roca rTuli winadadeba ukavSirod aris

SeerTebuli. am SemTxvevaSi nawilebs Soris kavSirze SeiZleba vimsjeloT

mxolod azrobrivad, Sinaarsobrivi mxaris gaTvaliswinebiT.

Tanwyobisa da qvewyobis gansazRvrebidan gamomdinare, nebismieri rTuli

winadadeba warmoadgens erTian azrobriv, sintaqsur da ritmul-melodiur

kompleqss, romlis calkeuli nawilebi mxolod dawerili saxiT (anu intonaciis

gauTvaliswineblad), garegnulad gvagonebs martiv winadadebebs. martiv

winanadebebs Soris arsebul azrobriv kavSirze miuTiTebs is garemoeba, rom

martivi winadadebebis nebismieri Tanmimdevroba ar gvaZlevs dasrulebul

azrs anu winadadebas. Tumca am erTianobis xasiaTi gansxvavebulia

Tanwyobisa da qvewyobis SemTxvevaSi. am gansxvavebulobaze ukve

dasaxelebul principul monaxazebs Soris mniSvnelovania, agreTve,

SesaZlebloba davusvaT kiTxvebi rTuli winadadebis calkeul nawilebs. ufro

araavtonomiuri damoukidebeli winadadeba avsebs, asrulebs mTavar

winadadebaSi gamoTqmul mosazrebas, Tvalsazrissa da pasuxobs kiTxvaze,

romelzedac amomwurav pasuxs ver iZleva mTavari winadadeba. amitomac

damokidebul winadadebas yovelTvis SeiZleba davusvaT kiTxva. inglisur

enaSi es kiTxvebia: why? when? in spite what? during what time? da sxva. mag:

1. A copper became red-hot (why?) because an electric current was passed through it.

2. It was already morning (when?) when they gathered near the bridge.

3. There was a silence (during what time?) while the detective tried to re-read the letter.

4. She was met with an unpleasant look, (in spite of what fact?) though she had been told about

Mrs. Walter’s kindness and a warm reception.

Tanwyobis aucilebeli moTxovna aris rTuli winadadebis Semadgeneli

nawilebis Tanasworuflebianoba. qvewyobis dros damokidebuli winadadeba

mTel mTavar nawils ki ar xsnis, aramed SemasmenelTa jgufs an jufis nawils,

garemoebas, gansazRvrebas da a.S.

amgvari formaluri kategoriebi ganasxvavebs erTmaneTisagan

Tanwyobasa da qvewyobas. es kategoriebi, Tavis mxriv, ganpirobebulia am

kavSirebis obieqturad arsebuli azrobrivi gansxvavebebiT. magram swored es

azrobrivi gansxvaveba gvaZlevs eWvis Setanis safuZvels _ Tanwyoba-

qvewyobis sqemis srulyofilebaSi. "mTeli rigi avtorebis daskvniT _ maT Soris

arian, j. kermi da b. iliSi, n. pospelova, i. popova. Tanwyoba da qvewyoba ar

amowuravs rTuli winadadebis nawilebs Soris arsebul urTierTmimarTebas.

xSirad kavSirs aqvs ormxrivi xasiaTi, aqvs rogorc Tanwyobis, aseve

qvewyobis niSnebic. erTi mxriv, es adastrurebs, rom Tanwyoba da qvewyoba

dialeqtur kavSirSi arian erTmaneTTan, meore mxriv, ki SeiZleba davaskvnaT,

rom enaSi unda iyos sxva Sualeduri kavSirebic, romlebic arsebobs

Tanwyobasa da qvewyobas Soris da maTTan erTad. amgvari movlena sulac

ar aris mxolod inglisuri enis Tavisebureba. igi bevri sxva enisTvisac organulia

da adasturebs Tvalsazriss indo-evropul enebSi rTuli winadadebis paraleluri,

erTgvarovani ganviTarebis Sesaxeb [3]

rTul qvewyobil winadadebaSi damokidebuli winadadebiT ufro vrclad,

dawvrilebiT gadmoicema asaxsneli wevris leqsikuri mniSvneloba, amasTan

sakavSirebel sityvasac Seaqvs garkveuli azrobrivi elferi-xazs usvams

asaxsnel sityvas.[2].

rTul qvewyobasa da Tanwyobas Soris struqturul da gramatikul

saSualebebTan dakavSirebul gansxvavebebs miekuTvneba Semdegi:

kavSirebis Semadgenloba, kavSirebis mdgomareoba da funqciebi,

makavSirebeli sityvebis gamoyeneba, saCvenebeli, Sesabamisi sityvebisa da

zmnis droebis gamoyeneba, gaerTinebuli winadadebebis raodenoba,

dausrulebeli winadadebebis gamoyeneba, intonaciis tipebi. amgvaria rTul

qvewyobasa da Tanwyobas Soris arsebuli gansxvavebebi. erTi nawili

gansxvavebebis ufro did jgufs qmnis, meore ufro mcires, miuxedavad amisa,

isini mtkice zRvars avleben rTuli winadadebis am or saxeobas Soris. swored

amitomac qvewyoba da Tanwyoba unda CaiTvalos damoukidebeli

mniSvnelobis mqone sintaqsur kategoriebad, romelTac gamoxatvis sakuTari

saSualebebi gaaCniaT.[6]

rogorc aRniSnavs Jelvisi[3] gansxvaveba Tanwyobasa da qvewyobas Soris

sintaqsis istoriuli ganviTarebiT aris gamowveuli. qvewyoba gacilebiT gvian

Camoyalibda, vidre Tanwyoba. amasTan aris dakavSirebuli, rom

maqvemdebarebeli kavSirebi da makavSirebeli sityvebi, maerTebeli

kavSirebisagan gansxvavebiT, xSir SemTxvevaSi inarCuneben TavianTi

warmomavlobis kvals. bunebrivia, rom Tanwyoba formirdeboda

qvewyobasTan opoziciaSi.

gamoyenebuli literaturis sia:

1 . miqiaSvili o. qarTuli ena; Tbilisi, 1998w.; gv. 141-145

2  Blokh, M. Y. A Course in Theoretical English Grammar. Moscow. 1983.pp236-276

3 Жельвис В.И. Существуют ли в языке сочинительные и подчинительные союзы ? (На

материале английского языка) . Ученые записки Ленингр. пед. ин-та. Вопросы

английской филологии. -1962. - Т.226. - С.253-273.

4.Ильиш Б.А. Структура сложноподчиненного предложения в современном английском

языке. Ученые записки Ленингр. гос. пед. ин-та. Вопросы английской филологии. - 1962. -

Т.226. - С.3-30.

5. Ширяев Е.Н. Дифференциация сочинительных и подчинительных союзов на

синтаксической основе. Филологические науки. - 1980. - N2. - С.40-54.

6 N. A . Kobrina, .A. Kornyeva , M. I. Ossovskaya , K. A. Guzeyeva, An English Grammar, Syntax.Moscow,1986, pp 119-1257.A. Radford. An Introduction to English Sentence Structure .University of Essex . 2009 pp.242

Tamar jojua, maia aRaia

rTuli winadadebis sintaqsuri kavSirebis tipebi—Tanwyoba da qvewyoba (inglisuri enis masalaze) reziume

winadadeba warmoadgens ZiriTad sintaqsur erTeuls, romelic sxva lingvisturi

erTeulebisagan gansxvavebiT komunikaciis procesSi ganapirobebs

dasrulebuli azris gaformebas rogorc verbaluri, aseve weriTi formiT. rTulSi

gaerTianebul winadadebebs Soris damokidebuleba TanwyobiTia an

qvewyobiTi. Tanwyoba anu parataqsi gvaqvs maSin, roca rTulSi

gaerTianebuli winadadebebi erTmaneTis mimarT gramatikulad Tanasworia.

Tanwyobis saSualebiT Sedgenili rTuli winadadebebi rTuli Tanwyobilia.

qvewyobis anu hipotaqsis SemTxvevaSi rTul winadadebaSi gaerTianebulia

erTmaneTis mimarT araTanaswori winadadebebi. erTi gabatonebulia-

mTavari, meore ki maszea damokidebuli. aseTi winadadeba rTuli

qvewyobilia. Tanwyobis (maerTebel) kavSirebs Cveulebriv ganekuTvnebian

majgufebeli (SemaerTebeli), macalkavebeli, mapirispirebeli da mizez-

Sedegobrivi kavSirebi, qvewyobas ki miakuTvneben calkeul sityva-

formebs(that, because, though,etc.), frazul warmonaqmnebs( in order that, providing

that, for all that, so far as, etc) da wyvilurs( as…as, such…as, etc.).kavSirebi asruleben

umniSvnelovanes komunikaciur-sametyvelo funqcias. maTi meSveobiT

mosaubre da msmeneli (zogadad metyvelebis aRmqmeli) amyareben

sxvadasxva azrobriv da emociur kavSirs metyvelebis komponentebs Soris,

awarmoeben sametyvelo nawyvetebis danawevrebas, gadmocemen da

aRiqvamen mTelis mniSvnelobasa da mis urTierTobebs Semadgenel

nawilebTan. amaSi gamoixateba sametyvelo urTierTobisaTvis aucilebeli

kavSirebis logikuri da gamomsaxvelobiTi funqciebi. amitomac kavSirze ar

SeiZleba vilaparakoT mxolod rogorc formalur sintaqsur maCvenebelze.

Тамар Джоджуа, Майа Агаиа

Типы синтаксических связей сложного предложения -----сочинение и подчинение ( на материале английского языка) Резюме

Предложение явпяется основной синтаксической единицей , которое в отличие от других синтаксических единиц в процессе коммуникации способствует оформлению завершённой мысли как вербально, так письменно.Отношение между предложенями объеденёнными в сложном являются сочинительнымиилиже подчинительными.Сочинение или паратаксис возникает тогда, когда предложения объединённые в сложном по отношению друг-другу синтаксически равноправные. С помощью сочинения сложные предложения объеденяются неравноправние по отношению друг к другу предложения.Одно из которых является доминирующим, а другое зависящим. Такой тип является сложноподчинённым.Сочинительными союзами являются соединительные, разделительные, противительные,Следственно-результативные и причинные. Подчинительными союзами могут быть отдельные слова-формы(that, because, though,etc.), фразовые образования( in order that, providing that, for all that, so far as, etc), парные ( as…as, such…as, etc.). Некоторые союзы употребляются в комбинации с частицами ( even if, even though, even when, just as, if only) Союзы выполняют иажнейшую коммуникативную функцию. С их помощью коммуникант и реципиент устанавливают разные смысловые и эмоциональные союзы между компонентами коммуникации. Исходя из комплексной и многогранной системи этих служебных слов, нельзя говорить о них как только о формальных синтаксических указательях.В статье даётся обзор основных характерных своиств и особенностей сочинения и подчинения.

Tamar Jojua, Maya Aghaia

Types of Syntactic Relations of the Composite Sentence-----Coordination and Subordination (On the English Language Material)

Summary

The sentence is a basic syntactic unit which unlike the other linguistic units promotes the formation and shaping of a complete thought in both –oral and written forms.Relations between simple sentences joined into the composite one are coordinating or subordinating.Coordination or paratax occurs when sentences combined into the composite sentence are syn-tentically equally ranked. The compound sentence is built on the principle of coordination .In case of subordination or hypotax the joined simple sentences are arranged as units of unequal rank, one of which is dominant. Such type of the composite sentence is known as the complex one.We distinguish four kinds of coordinate connectives: copulative, adversative, disjunctive and Causative-consecutive.Conjuctions of subordination may be separate word-forms(that, because, though,etc.), phrasal ( in order that, providing that, for all that, so far as, etc) and paired formations ( as…as, such…as, etc.). Conjunctions perform one of the most important communicative functions, with the help of which the speaker and the recepient establish various meaningful and emotional relations between the segments of the utterance. Thus, conjunctions can’t be viewed as only the formal indicators. Specific features and functions of English coordination and subordination are analysed in the given article.

Tamar jojua-soxumis saxelmwifo universitetis asocirebuli profesori, Tbilisis sabanko-safinanso da saswavlo universitetis sruli profesori

t. 899565704el.fosta- tamrikojojua@gmail.com

maia aRaia- soxumis saxelmwifo universitetis asistent-profesori, saqarTvelos tqnikuri universitetis asistent-profesori

t. 877429929el.fosta-mayaaghaia@yahoo.com