International Conference on Informatics for Development 2011 (!CID 2011)
Subsidized Fuel Consumption Monitoring System
. Mujio,~~ ,r-
Infonnatic Department, Facult~omputer Science,
University ofMercu Buana,
Jakarta, Indonesia
bst t - Subsidized fuel is one of the major subsidized
components in the yearly Indonesian government spending. It is
important to make sure that the targeted consumers are the ones
who are using this fuel. The first step to achieve this goal is
collecting data about who consumes this fuel. This paper
describes the development of a device prototype that integrates
smart card, EDC terminal, and microcontroller, to identify
vehicles that consume subsidized fuels. We integrate and connect
the device prototype with other infrastructure, such as personal
computer server, gas station dispenser, and data communication
line. As a whole, the system prototype will help decision maker to
assist them in planning, monitoring, and controlling subsidized
fuel allocation and consumption by providing accurate fuel
consumption data. "Ye use system development method
introduced by Burstein and Gregor Ill. The research shows that
the system prototype can assist in capturing vehicle's identities
and its subsidized fuel transaction. With some modifications and
improvements, this system prototype can assist in monitoring
subsidized fuel consumption, planning its allocation, and
controlling its consumption. .
s onito g te , ubsidi d el C ,
EDC e l, Dispense , G s on
1. . INTRODUCTION
Fuel subsidized is one of major subsidized components in
Indonesian Government Yearly Budget (APBN). The value of
this component always increases from year to year according
to the increase of world crude oil prices. It is a common
phenomenon that the actual subsidized fuel is always more
than its budgeted account. Unfortunately, there are indications
that many of the consumptions are done by sectors which are
prohibited to use the fuel. The Minister of Finance stated in
"detik.com" on November 25, 20 I0 that there are 475
thousands liters of subsidized fuel was smuggled over the sea
to neighboring countries. Other indications are stated in
"Harian Kompas" on May 24, 20 I I. The newspaper wrote that
non-subsidized fuel consumption, such as e t and
e , had decreased significantly in the early year of
2011. The decrease of non-subsidized fuel consumption was
an indication that- 'the consumer had switched from non-
subsidized fuel to subsidized one.
So far, none of the indications and assumptions of
misallocation of subsidized fuel were supported by valid data
and inform~tion. It is not known exactly whether the
consumers of subsidized fuel are the targeted consumers or
not. To capture data and information of subsidized fuels
consumer profiles, certain mechanism and system has to be
ISSN:2088-5520
Anis Cherid ~:?-:.<'"'_ ., ll.l.»y"",,,,-,~Informatic Department, Faculty of Computer SGiei1G~:~'~~j
University ofMercu Buana, . '4
Jakarta, Indonesia
used and operated. This research is meant to build a device
prototype to capture data and monitor the profile of subsidized
fuel consumptions. The device prototype is then integrated
with specific software and hardware infrastucture such as
EDC (Electronic Data Capturing) Terminal, Smart 'Card,
microcontroller, and Personal Computer server to capture
vehicle data and their transactions of subsidized fuel in
selected gas station.
. le te ent
In this research, we are trying to answer the following
problems:
1. How to provide a system prototype that is able to
monitor any vehicle which consume subsidized fuel
for land transportation sector so it can be guaranteed
that the land transportation sector subsidized fuel
allocation is used by the right target
2. How to integrate somes devices/tools that consist of
software and hardware such as Smart Card, EDC
Terminal, microcontroller, and gas station dispenser to
build a fuel consumption monitoring system.
3. How to design and develop a Smart Card system that
can be used to store and identify vehicle data and its
consumption as a preparation mechanism to anticipate
the implementation of consumption quota limitation.
4. How to consolidate vehicle data profile in Smart Card
system and fuel transaction data in gas station
dispenser become vehicle fuel consumption data
transaction.
. How to implement data communication model to
facilitate the transmission of transaction data from
dispenser area to PC Server in office area, which is
allowed by the standard and regulation of gas station
operation.
. e cope
This scope of this research is limited to:
1. This system will only handle subsidized fuel
consumption in land transportation sector.
2. Microcontroller and dispenser system are as black
boxes for this system prototype. The system prototype
. <:Js only concerned with data transmission by both of
the subsystems.
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*tntrernatlonal Conference on Informatics for Development 2011 (lCID 2011-f
3. The usage of this ystem prototype is only limited to
one gas station dispen er at one time and is not
integrated yet for two or more gas stations.
C. r ene its .~1>
The main purpose of tH s 'research are described as
follows:
• To (ievelop a system prototype and mechanism to
capture' consumer' and subsidized fuel consumed III
land transportation sector.
• To develop a device prototype which will be able to
assist in monitoring and controlling subs{dized fuel
consumption. \
• To develop a system prototype which will be possible
to be improved so it can be used to assist in decision
making of planning, evaluating, and controlling
subsidized fuel allocation.
Benefits that can be achieved trough this research are:
• Availability of a system prototype that can be used as
a basic system to improve a monitoring and
controlling system of subsidized fuel consumption and
consumer profiles.
• Availabilty of valid data and information related
subsidized fuel consumer and consumption that can be
used to support decision making process.
n. PROBLEM ANAL YSYS
SO far the.methodology which is used to plan subsidized
fuel allocaton in land transportation sector is only based on
percentage increase prediction of last year consumption. This
basic method is taken because Indonesia Government has not
had valid' and detailed data of the fuel consumption. This
prediction is not accurate because the last year consumption
cannot be guaranteed to be real consumption for land
transportation sector.
In reality, almost all vehicles (fuel consumers) data has
been recorded and identified. The data is good enough to
become a basic input for a particular system that can be used
to support decision making in planning, allocating, and
monitoring subsidized fuel consumption. The vehicles data
that is recorded on Vehicle Number ldehtity (Surat Tanda
Nomor KendaraanlSTNK) is ready to be used to identify the
type of vehicles, function.Tcylinder capacity, or production
year. These identities can be used as basic data in planning
and allocation of fu~4 consumption for land transportation
sector. At the same time, almost all of dispensers in gas
stations had ?~ready operated digital equipment for their
nozzle or dispenser infrastructures. The digital capability of
the device, make it possible to integrate the device with the
vehicles lata in STNK and fuel transaction data from
dispenser's gas station to provide valid fuel and vehicle"
transactien .data. Combined with tailor-made' application
software- ailS data communication infrastructure, it possible to
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provide specific information that is needed to support
subsidized fuel management purposes.
There are some technology infrastructures that can be.
used to record, capture, and manipulate both vehicle data and
fuels consumption data. Some of the devices.jare EDC
(Electronic Data Capturing) Terminal, Smart Cai'~.'B~~ode
and Bar Code Reader, Industrial PC, and Mic:Cif C'oift?f5;f~
EDC and Bar Code reader are can be used to capture data that
was stored in Smart Card and bar code sticker.281 Industrial
PC and Microcontroller can be used to capture the data '
attributes of fuel consumed. In this research it is described the
usage of Smart Card, EDC Terminal and Microcontroller to
develop the system prototype.
III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Some frameworks and methodologies can be used in
system development research. The compatibility of
methodology being used depends on its environments,
organization, or event technology availabilities. This research
uses frameworks and methodology that introduced by Burstein
and Gregor [I]. This methodology is considered compatible.::;
with the research project characteristics that must consider
practical requirement, implementation environment
conditions, and availability of technology in industries.
The methodology is summarized in Figure 1. Burstein and 11
Gregor [1] proposed that any output of research action is ,!~!
always correlated to knowledge development or knowledge 1\invention of the system, while at the same time, it can be usedj
to modify the system. The process of actions and reactions ~
continues iteratively. For analysis and design purposes, this '"
research uses UMLmodel explained by Alan Dennis et a!. [6] ~
Figure I System Development Methodology
IV. TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Smart card, also known as chip card or integrated circuits
card (ICC), is as a wallet-sized card with electronic circuits
within it. There are two kinds of ICCs, memory card and
microprocessor card. Memory card consists of only non-
'v\?lq,file memory storage and sometimes there is securi .•.
system within it. Microprocessor card consists of memory and
microprocessor component [2]. Smart card is also known as a
credit-card-sized microprocessor with various properties
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International Conference on Informatics for Development 2011 (ICIO 2011)
as tamper resistant, secure crypto-processor, secure file
system, and other features that can be understand by non-
technical person. It also provides security services (secret
information in its memory).
A smart card-Iooks like it car~ but it has some
computing abiliaes. Smart car . 'ifferent with a common
magnetic strip card, when it comes to data storing and
processing. A Smart Card may has the capability to store data,
processing it, to manage file, to calculate data, and to execute
encryption algonthm.
C ion ec
Smart Card has the capability to communicate with a
reader or receiver device with two modalities, which are [2]:
• Cont c . Connection are provided when a
reader make physical contact with a gold like chip
with inch diameter located in front of the card.
Connection is also can be provided between card
reader and a magnetic strip in the back of card. When
a card is swiped or contact with a Smart Card reader,
the connection with card reader electrical connector
will caused data transfer from chips to card reader and
vise versa.
ctless s c . Communication is made
through-antenna. This communication modality will
decrease processing time in card reading / writing.
Contactless card can be used for any applications that
is not practical to swipe or contact to read or for any
application which speed is a major constraint.
•
In this research, Contactless Smart Card is used. Speed
operation, limited time constraint, and efficiency are the main
constraints of any operating system in Gas Station area.
C. EDC I
EDC (Electronic Data Capture) Terminal is an electronic
device that is usually used in business sector to process
purchasing or payment transaction with credit card or debit
card. EDC terminal is typically operated with or combined
with other devices such: computers, bar code reader, optical
scanner, and magnetic cards readers. Users operate those
devices by swiping or contacting credit or debit card and the
data directly transferred to pojnt of sales application. Some
EDC terminals capture and store buyer data to be processed in
central computer.
The main functions of an EDC terminal are:
• To read card data
• To displaythis card data or other information related
such creditbalance or debit balance
• To transmit those data to data management computer
serves-
ISSN:2088-5520
.\:
v.A ALYSIS ANODESIGIN
Conside tion Const nt
The smart card and the EDC terminal 'operate in gas
stations. The stations certainly have specified' st~aq;!~d
procedure regarding safety and or security. To be41~a~t;iM~At~t
the behavior of users in the gas stations, the process of using' J
the smart card has to be done as quickly as possible and there
should be no perceived additional workload for the dispenser
operator. The use of smart card must also be done in ease.
Based on those considerations, the data attributes, which will
be read from the smart card by the EDC terminal, must be as
simple as possible. It is also assumed that all of the vehicles
data are already in digital format. Therefore, there is no need
to entry those data manually into the system. The data source
is formal institutions or authorities, in this case is SAMSA T.
Consumers of subsidized fuels also include motorcycle
owners who typically do transactions quickly. The additional
operation of using the EDC terminal must consume as little
time as possible. The additional operation can be allowed if it
does not disturb the dispenser operator workload significantly,
especially the workload of the motorcycle dispenser operator.
In accordance to gas station standard and procedure in
safety and security, it is not allowed to operate any electronic
device which produces any electromagnetic signal. In
accordance to this standard, it is not allowed to operate
wireless devices as data communication medium.
Operation time of a gas station is 12 hours a day at
minimum and many gas stations operate up to 24 hours a day.
Therefore, any device that is used to serve this operation,
including the EDC Terminal, must conform to the workload.
The EDC terminal being used must be qualified as good
quality device conceming its endurance without any decrease
in performances.
. t - EDC e Op tion ion
Every vehicle user (driver) who will do transaction in a gas
station to use subsidized fuel has to bring a smart card. The
smart card contains his or her vehicle identity data. The
dispenser operator takes the card and touches it to the EDC
terminal as card reader. The EDC terminal reads this data and
displays it in the device display. After the operator has
finished filling the vehicle fuel tank with subsidized fuel, the
dispenser sends this fuel data such as the kind of fuel, the fuel
volume, and the date and time of transaction to the personal
computer (PC). The PC then sends the data back to the EDC
terminal that is ready to receive those data. The EDC terminal
displays the vehicle data and the purchased fuel data. The
dispenser operator confirms the pair of data and finally the
EDC terminal sends the transaction data to the PC, which will
manipulate and manage them to build any needed reports.
Based on the narrative requirement, consideration, and
~ constraint described before, infrastructure configuration of this
sy~te1n~rototype is depicted in Figure 2.
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~?tIntfernational Conference on Informatics for Development 2011 (lCID 201i)
D. Di
There are four main classes in the system. Vehicle Data,
Fuel, and Transaction are stored and managed in PC, while
Police No is stored in Smart Card subsystem.
EDC SmartCard
Gas Station Dispenser
PEC
Figure 2 Infrastructure Configuration
C. Use
Figure 3 depicts the Use Case Diagram of the narrative
process stated before. System actors consist of:
1. Actor : Dispenser Operators
Type : User
Association : To use the system
2. Actor :Gas station computer administrator
Type : User
Association : To use the system
3. Actor : «Actor» Dispenser
type : External System
Association : sends subsidized fuel data
Vehh:;(.e CQI1$ume
Fp~1
Monitoring
../-~~ ...~.-~"-,( Card R.eader ;'1-' --+---i
'''''--~.,...,.....----./
«Actor»
Sm<lrtCard
-. I'" J Figure 3 Use Case Diagram
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WhicleDam
-No Mobi! : char-Nama : char
No STNK
-AI<lrnat-Tahun Pembuatan,Merek
-TypeCC
+$endNoMoDil(j
\
1 \
-No P.'\obll : char
<-&mdNoMobiIO
figure 4 Class Diagram
E.
Activity diagram of the system op-ration is depicted III
Figure 5.
Figure 5 Activity Diagram
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VI. IMPLEMENTATITN AND ITS OUTPUT ANALYSIS
r; e e Design
. The system architecture diagram is provided based on
;onsideration and constraint desw,b,e:p before. The design is
ilso based on thli result of slt.ervatlcfn and previous
'elated research in this area. The system infrastructure can be
jescribed as follow:
l. The EDC terminal that is used to read v.ehicles data from
smart card is using c ctless communication mode. We
make this decision to speed up card reading processes.
~. We choose UTP cable communication media and TCPIIP
communication protocol. We make this decision to
minimize the electromagnetic interference that might be
resulted from a wireless communication media and
protocol.
Dale Display
I Data ~.' 'I ....oI"-J D.12Rec"'"e," ~o.;;';;'~-II Manlpul;:moo ~/l &mdft( f~ ... ~
Figure 6 Architecture Diagram
G. Deplo ent
The main components of this system prototype are stored
in two nodes, which are the EDC terminal and the personal
computer server (PC). Some of those components are
interacting within the system and there is an interaction with
3I1 external systernIgas station dispenser). Figure 7 depicts the
deployment diagram.
''':i~ :;~ .; - ~ , '<."'::--'<,-':- v;;'f¥T~'T?r7t:?;~-T~:;:-
IEOC T ~(nirlrtl
Y To-Pf.. Trceseceoo 03,a sancer' - - - - -- -- _. 1
o :1
Fn:.-m-PC-FuOIT!dM<:icr~opR~I,.'t!r ,,-, I
11
1
-
r:~:::;;""'i@j
Figure 7 Deployment Diagram
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. I e e ion eci c
We have implemented the system prototype with the below
mentioned specification. ;K'ef "-';~.>I.
The specifications of the smart card that is usedlo ~t9.L9i;~~~"vehicles data are: ',m,;':
Phillips Mifare RFID 4 KB EPROM
Chips: Phillips Mifarel S50 - S70
Frequency: 13.56MHz
Reading distance: 2.5-10cm
Response Speed: 1-2 ms
Dimension: 87 * 54/as * 85,5Standard IS014443A
Processor: 32-bits microprocessor
The specifications of the EDC terminal device (Castle
V7000) are:
Processor: 32-bits microprocessor
Memory: 4 Mbytes of Flash, 1 M Byte of SRAM
(expandable to 8 Mbytes of Flash, 2 Mbytes of
SRAM)
Display: 128x64 graphic LCD with backlight
Smart Card Reader: ISO 78161-2-3, EMV 2000 Level
1 4.0 certified
Contactless Card Reader: Built-in contactless reader,
Mifare standards reader, support ISO 14443 Type AlB
(optional)
Communication: Ethernet: 101100 Ethernet
The specifications of the personal computer are:
• Processor lntel Pentium IV 2,4 GHz
• Memory 2 GB
• HD 320 GB
• TCP/IP Ethernet 101100
The specifications of the software platform are:
• Operating System: MicrosoftWindows XP
• DBMS: MySQL for Windows.
II
I
IThe specifications of the dispenser are:
• Gilbarco PEC, microcontroller with converter
. Output n l is
One of the implementation results samples in EDC
terminal display is depicted in Figure 8. The figure shows the
display of the terminal after a smart card contacts the EDC
terminal. The EDC terminal is displaying a vehicle data and is
still waiting for fuel transaction data.
f
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REFERENCES
l"i-'-~
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International Conference on Informatics for Development 2011 (!CID zon:
for several long hours in several working days. Prelil1liria
investigation for this problem concludes that the EDC tenn7
being used is not designed for outdoor operation.
Figure 8 Ouput Result on EDC Castle V 7000 EDC Terminal
Soon after the EDC module receives subsidized fuel
transaction data, the dispenser operator will give confirmation
so the terminal sends the vehicle and fuel transaction data to
PC through the UTP cable. Figure 9 shows the screen capture
of transactions data in a PC that is located in the office area of
the gas station.
lftlrtli * ~~ ,n",,'rlo S1 .~ ~.q .,li~_~~
.~[~4~7itK~~;;;;~ 7;r:i:~;§;.ll4'WT.n ~~~";? ~4,~1 l<tI;.""ft ~,."<~.~1~t!IIo.::Itt'c~'.$. ~r l ~~ .:e:...ta""~I""'"';!('t<;t,,*"~-, ~.",,*,jl ~
Y:<t.wt(;I ~
~~j.~~~(>I ,.,~ ••• '"
~"':>I ~_
~JH~>bt~:1I. Pt£,>",-""
~ , .~~il/.~~
'flC-~\{1
':::~:~>:it'(>l A_,
"'sto~t-.*f~"
Figure 9 Screen Capture of Implementation Results for Transaction
Managament
C. e en on esults
The system prototype has been tested ill some gas stations
in Batam Island, Indonesia. The system runs well enough in
serving transaction for cars. The time interval between one car
transaction and the next car transaction is long enough for the
data communication bet\yeen the dispensers - PC - EDC
Terminals - Pc. Nevertheless, for motorcycle transactions, the
interval is very short. It is reported that there are many cases
of uncompleted tfata communications for motorcycle
transactions. As stated before in constraint and consideration
section, any F~dditional system and procedures to the gas
station operation is not allowed to disturb its service to the
custome~: The current results suggest an improvement to the
system "design and implementation, so it can handle the
motorc~Cle transaction better.
In ~Cu.?rgas stations that operate 24 hours a day, it is found
that the EDC terminal is not working properly. Some of the
EDC terminals cannot start up its system well after operates")
ISSN:2088-5520
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