What kind of city do we build? What kind of city do we want to build?
Re-viewing three different urban developments in metropolitan areas
Oscar Bragos, ArgentinaTeam:
Agata Hinca, Piotr Smolnicki, Beata Tranda, Anna Wilde,
Anna Wolska, Karolina ZajączkowskaWith cooperation of:
Agustina Rostán, Federico Sileo, Germán Hein, Mauro Livolti
from Rosario National University
The condition of our cities
● What kind of city are we building?● What kind of city do we want to build?● Sustainability● Metropolitan area
Are our cities sustainable?
What is the condition of today cities?
Sustainability
“development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.”
“Our common future” (Brundtland Report), United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) w1987
Sustainability in urban development
means rational, effective and economical resource management. Resource such as land, water energy, but also socio-economic conditions.
Sustainability in urban development
● an efficient use of resource land and of energy ● mixed functions ● optimization of traffic (waste of energy)● urban and natural landscape, aesthetics● public spaces and green areas
● rational urban extension, urban growth management
● rational mobility
○ car traffic
○ public transport
● socio-economic conditions● water supply system, reusing
● waste segregation / renewable energy
Study Cases
● MAPA ŚWIATA
Study Cases
Metropolitan area of Tri-City Metropolitan area of Rosario Metropolitan area of Stockholm
● Osowa, Gdansk, Poland● Roldan, Rosario, Argentina● Hammarby Sjostad, Stockholm, Sweden
Osowa, Gdansk, Poland
Why Osowa?
● Dynamic and developing district of Gdańsk
area: 13,4 km2 (6,4 km2)
population: 15 000 inhabitants
density: low density / extensive urbanism
● Location between three cities of Tri-City● Communication hub
Gdansk
Sopot
Gdynia
Wejherowo
Pruszcz Gdaski
In 70-ties and 80-ties Osowa was developed by housing cooperatives.
Osowa
history/urban extension
In 90-ties there is housing boom in Osowa. (single family)
In 90-ties and beginnings of XXI - shopping malls, trade centres multifamily houses built by private developers
Urban Tissues “lubie w osowej niska zabudowe jednorodzina. Niestety w ostatnich latach coraz wiecej powstaje osiedli wielorodzinych, ktore psuja kameralny charakter Osowej.”
Local plans - covering
“Brak przemyślanego planowania przestrzennego. W południowej części dzielnicy; mamy uciążliwy przemysł na styku z zabudową mieszkaniową. W starszej części Osowej również brakuje ładu przestrzennego. [...] Zabudowa jest chaotyczna.Plany miejscowe powstają w oparciu o potrzeby konkretnych deweloperów, bez wizji całości osiedla.”
Functional scheme ● mainly residential ● green areas in surroundings, but
very few inside estates ● no cultural service● no public “centre”
Mobility
Car traffic
TRAFFIC
Public transport
POMERANIAN METROPOLITAN RAILWAY LINE
“Przystanek Kielnienska jest bardzo potrzebny.”
Public spaces and green areas
general urban landscape
- lack of a clear center - sclerosis and undeveloped green spaces - lack of continuity of green spaces- promenade as a place with great potential but with no connections to the rest of the district - undeveloped waterfront lake
Landscape
Agata, wybierz zdjecia, ok,? Jesli masz czas. Tak podobnie jak w Rosario, takie paski ze zdjeciami. Ładnie to wygala.
Survey of Osowa
● 166 people from Osowa● The survey almost reflects the
demographic structure in Osowa● 70 question survey with 173 answers● The survey was prepared with the
participation of residents from Osowa
● Example polls:○ quality of life○ quality of life changes○ influence of Osowa being a
district of Gdansk (not an independent town)
○ the identity of Osowa citizens
quality of life
change of quality of life
influence of Osowa being Gdansk district
Survey of Osowa
What lacks in Osowa?
What do you like in Osowa?
Cooperation with students from Rosario National University
Agustina Rostán Federico Sileo Germán HeinMauro Livolti
Roldan, Rosario, Argentina
Agriculture centres with areas for weekend house
Residential centres
Roldan, Rosario, Argentina
Railroad → from second half of 19th century to 80’s Rosario – Cordoba highway → middle of the 90's
Transportation
Urban Growth
Dreamland - Urban Growth
Landscape
● Single - family housing
● Young couples of medium incomes
● Wide-open spaces
● Low density
Landscape
Land Uses
Public Services
Schools● Primary Schools● Secondary School
Health Care● Hospital with very limited care services
Free time● Sport facilities → soccer fields, football and tennis schools
(no one of them is free)
Access to public services do not satisfy the increasing demand
Current Built up
FutureBuilt up
Future of Dreamland in Numbers
15 000 more inhabitants 5 000 more cars
Future of Roldan
No plans!!!
No cooperation between Roldan and metropolitan area
Metropolitan Planning Authority has not been recognized by a provincial law yet
Hammarby Sjöstad, Stockholm, Sweden
“Wzorem jest dla mnie Hammarby gdzie konsekwencja planistyczna jest widoczna” Mieszkaniec Osowy
Population: 17 000Area: 130 haDensity: 131 persons/ha
Urbanisation
Mobility
Objectives for 2015: 80% of travelling by using public transport; 25% electric
/ biogas vehicles.
Results: fast, attractive public transport – tramway, ferry,
combined with cycling paths, car sharing system, ensuring numerous bicycle parking places.
Mode share for all trips
Car 21%
Public transport 52%
Bicycle/walking 27%
Public spaces
Hammarby Sjostad Parteren
wooden piers through wharf
Environment
Water, energy, contamination
Objectives for 2015:
90% reduction of landfill waste and 40% reduction of all waste produced.
Results:
thoroughly sorted in practical systems, with material and energy recycling maximised wherever possible.
Waste
Key successes at Hammarby
● The city's authorities were proactive in their efforts to meet predicted population increases in Stockholm.
● The whole development in Hammarby Sjöstad was designed as a comprehensive infrastructure project.
● Using life-cycle cost analysis in planning decisions helped to justify the added cost of higher environmental design standards.
● The city authorities set high targets for the projects and used these to galvanise their project partners. They took a strong line overseeing the project from conception to construction.
SummaryOsowa Roldan Hammarby Sjöstad
Number of inhabitants almost 15 000 inhabitants almost 15 000 inhabitants almost 17 000 inhabitants
Area 13,4 km2 (6,4 km2) 5,4 km 2 1,3 km 2
Urban Extension In 80ties planned. lack of continuity of urban growth, chaotic
Urban sprawl - endless sprawl
Good planned
Public Spaces and green areas
Not enough,streets in bad conditions
Not enough Good planned, enough
Environment, natural landscape
Good condition Good condition Good condition
SummaryOsowa Roldan Hammarby Sjöstad
City management Limited planning tools, lack of vision , poor cooperation between city authorities and citizens of Osowa
Limited planning tools, there is no project to guide urban growth
Social conditions rather wealthy and middle class estates, new estates
New estates are socially homogeneous (middle class). The population of the town is mainly middle class)
Mobility Only by car, roads mostly in bad condition, public transportation almost doesn’t exist
Here is no metropolitan transportation planThere is a very bad bus service.Mostly by car through highway to Rosario
fast, attractive public transport, 80% of travelling by using public transport
● rational urban extension, urban planning
● mixed functions, variety
● rational mobility
○ car traffic
○ public transport
● public spaces and green areas
● water supply system, reusing
● waste segregation / renewable energy
● urban and natural landscape, aesthetics
Summary
What kind of city do we build?
1. We build cities without a vision!Because we cannot stop the process of suburbanisation, we can only control it. We can predict, to some extent, what can happen and avoid future complications
2. We build cities with very poor social consultations.
3. Districts like Osowa and Roldan should have more possibilities of development.
Summary
What kind of city do we want to build?● For people, not for cars● For inhabitants, not for developers● Planned urban development, with rational urban
extension● sustainable● With large number of public spaces and green areas● With racional mobility, good public transport● With mixed functions with basic services provided