Date post: | 24-Jan-2018 |
Category: |
Environment |
Upload: | clustertweed |
View: | 184 times |
Download: | 0 times |
Cluster TechnologyofWalloniaEnergy,EnvironmentandsustainableDevelopment
28June2016@Halle
Event @ Colruyt about Renewables
& Hydrogen
CONFERENCES• TWEED&Agoria &Hosts:Introduction
• Colruyt:VisionofColruytaboutRenewables&HydrogenbyJonasCautaerts,ColruytGroup
• Waterstofnet :RoadmapforH2MobilityBelgiumbyWouterVanderlaek,Waterstofnet
• "Power-To-Hydrogen :Howbig can/should we get ? »
byProf.JorisProost,UCL• Presentation oftheinstallation@Halle
byDenisThomas,Hydrogenics
1 Colruyt Group
History
TWEED-AGORIA Event
Bakery 1900-1930
Wholesale 1930-1955
Discounter 1955-1995
Retail Group 1995-Current
Mission
TWEED-AGORIA Event
Who?
TWEED-AGORIA Event
234 98
11
67
39 17
2
214 270
112
TWEED-AGORIA Event
Sustainability
simplysustainable.com
People
Environment Products
2 Environment
Colruyt Group and energy
Energy production (wind, solar and CHP)
Energy consumption (behaviour and infrastructure)
Flexible supply and demand management
Renewable energy
11 windturbines (febr 2016)
25,1 MW
14.500 ton CO2 reductie
43 locaties
6,8 MWp
1788 ton CO2
reductie
1 warmtekrach-
koppelings- installatie
926 kW
thermisch
889 kW
elektrisch
545 ton CO2 reductie
Alternative fuels
DATS 24 commits to Hydrogen stations
Zero-emission fuels of the future
CNG = transition fuel
Transport of goods
Silent delivery
Sustainable fleet
2012 - 2015: Test (11 units)
2016 - … : roll out (200)
Logistics
TWEED-AGORIA Event
3500 Fillings 2650 kg Nov ‘11 – Jun ‘16
- PEM electrolysis (2,7kg/u) - Storage: 46 kg - Fuel Cell (120kW)
- Alkaline electrolysis (2,7kg/u) - Compressor - Storage: 39 kg
Hydrogen @ Colruyt Group
Hydrogen activities + ambitions
•Don Quichote (FCH-JU)
• CertifHy (FCH-JU)
• Public hydrogen station
•Hydrogen material handling vehicles + indoor dispensing
•Heavy-duty transport with hydrogen range extender
TWEED-AGORIA Event
H2-Mobility Belgium
Wouter Vanderlaek
Mobile: 0031(0)620943104 / 0032(0)492318403
june 28, 2016
Cofinanced byFlemish Government
Agenda
1. WaterstofNet
2. Projects
3. H2Mobility Belgium
WaterstofNet
�Non-profit, founded 2009�Focus on hydrogen projects(mobility and energy storage)
�Developing, realising, coordinating/managing, communication & dissemination
�Partnering with regionalcompanies, governments, knowledge institutes
Projects
1MW fuel cell plant (Solvay)� 1MW (1,6MW Piek) electricity coupled
with 6kV Net� 168 stacks� 12 600 cells (75/stack)� 70 kg hydrogen/hour
Realisations Hydrogen region 1.0
Hydrogen refueling station Halle� Operational: since 2012� Location: Halle, Belgium � Production: renewable hydrogen
from sun & wind, electrolyses 30 Nm3/h or 2,7 kg/hr
� Pressure level: 350 bar� Storage: 55 kg� Application: forklift trucks
Realisations Hydrogen region 1.0
Hydrogen refueling station Helmond� Operational: since 2013� Location: Helmond The Netherlands� Production: renewable hydrogen,
electrolyses 30 Nm3/h or 2,7 kg/hr� Pressure level: 350 & 700 bar� Storage: 50 kg� Application: passenger vehicles, buses,
garbage truck� Prestaties (April 2016):
� 500 x getankt (80x bus/vuilniswagen & 420x personenvoertuigen)
� 1.750 kg getankt� 95-97% beschikbaarheid
Realisations Hydrogen region 1.0
Bus with fuel cell range extender� Bus VDL, Citea / 12 meter� Mileage ca 300 km� Driveline: Fuel cell with battery
system � Hydrogen storage 25 kg
Realisations Hydrogen region 1.0
Garbage truck with fuel cellrange extender� Testplatform DAF CF 75 FA� Driveline fuel cell Nedstack (32
kW) � Li-ion battery 144 kWh� Pressure level 350 bar� Efficiency 6-9 kg /100 km� Mileage 360 km
Realisations Hydrogen region 1.0
2 boats with fuel cellHYDROGEN XPERIANCE� Vaartuig: Vlet 700, 7,26 m x 2,30 m x
0,60 m (L x B x D)� Ontwikkelde drijflijn: PEM-brandstofcel
(1,2 – 2 kW), accu’s (48 V, 230 Ah)� Opslag waterstof: 200 bar, 4 flessen
van 30 liter (watervolume)WECO 635� Vaartuig: spitgat sloep, 6,35 m x 2,30
m x 0,55 m (L x B x D)� Klassieke drijflijn: 11 kW diesel met
2,2 elektromotor met batterij (48 V, 55 Ah)
� Ontwikkelde drijflijn: PEM-brandstofcel (2 – 5 kW)
� Opslag waterstof: 350 bar
Realisations Hydrogen region 1.0
Power to mobility/power
Realisation project ‘Don Quichote’
9 march 2016
July 2016
august 2016september 2016
� Benchmark alkalyc and PEM-elektrolyse, � Demonstration of hydrogen in logistic applications
and fuel cell (120 kW) � Cost: € 4,946,134� Funding FCH JU: € 2,954,846� Partners: WaterstofNet vzw, Etablissement
Franz Colruyt NV, TUV Rheinland, JRC,Thinkstep, Icelandic New Energy Ltd, FAST
3EMOTION
� Objective: 27 FCB & 3 new Hydrogen Refuelling Stations
� Cost: € 41,891,578.80� Funding FCH JU: € 14,999,983.00� Partners: WaterstofNet vzw, VAN
HOOL N.V, AIR LIQUIDE ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES SA,
Spin-off
Life and Grab Hy!
� Demonstration of two new second generation garbage trucks with fuel cell within 10 EU cities
� Two different types
Spin-off
H2ME
� Objective: develop early networks of refuelling stations to prepare market for commercial introduction of innovative zero emission vehicles over coming years.
� Role Wnet: communication of results to Benelux stakeholders
Spin-off
Roadmap power-to-gas
� Funding: Flemish region� Partners: Hydrogenics, Umicore,
Colruyt Group, Eandis, Fluxys, Elia, Sustesco, WaterstofNet
Spin-off
Hydrogen region 2.0
�H2 refueling stations (Breda, Antwerp)�Indoor refueling forklift trucks (Halle)�Mobile refueler 350 bar�Upgrade H2 station (Helmond)�Demo forklift trucks �Demo heavy duty truck (40 ton)�Demo garbage truck
�Total costs: €14 milj.�Private contribution: €6.2 milj
Partners
Cofinanced by:
H2-Mobility Belgium
Objective
�To develop a national implementation plan (NIP)
�To prepare the Belgium market for the introduction of FCEV (buses and passenger vehicles)
Approach
�Desk study (existing plans and targets neighboring countries, analyzingTEN-T road networks with Belgium cities and bus depots etc.)
�Using own experience (operator of 2 hydrogen refueling stations, experience within several hydrogen projects)
�Many meetings (industrial stakeholders, governments etc. )�Calculations�Extensive involvement stakeholders reviewing executive summary
TEN-T core/compreh. network
North Sea Baltic Corridor Rhine Alpine Corridor North Sea-Mediterranean Corridor
Neighboring countries
Targets for Belgium
Assumptions�Growth rate neigbouringcountries
�First stations in bigger cities, close to fleets and were possible along TEN-T network
Targets for Belgium
Period FCEV Buses Hydrogen(ton)
Electricity (TWh)
2015-2020 1.000 50 650 0,04
2020-2025 7.500 250 3.875 0,22
2025-2030 30.000 500 11.500 0,67
2030-2050 1.375.000 1.500 355.750 20,63
Market phasesTarget Core
challengeObjectives Result of phase Lead investors
market preparation (2015-2020)
HRS: 25FCEV: 1.000Buses: 50
Overcomeuncertainty
Build HRS network to sufficient coverage
Enable sale or leasing of early commercial vehicles
Monitor reliability of network
Enough demand and/or projected demand
sufficient early infrastructure coverage
GovernmentStrategic investors
early market introduction (2020-2025)
HRS:75FCEV:7.500Buses: 150
Maintain investment interest
Upgrade existing and build new stations based upon FCEV projections
Monitor reliability of network
Critically risk and uncertainty have been removed
Better understanding on FCEV adoption, station deployment timelines and capability
GovernmentStrategic & equity investors
full market introduction (2025-2030)
HRS:150FCEV:30.000Buses: 500
Enabling transition to and competitive private market
Build new stations
Downgrade governmental support
Market takes over development of network
Equity investors Some government support
Recommendations to government
�Include hydrogen refueling stations in the Belgium national/regional policy framework
�Take facilitating role to create confidence in the market (synchronized ramp-up, investment plan, implementation/coordination team, stimulate innovative demonstration projects)
�Align and stimulate developments in hydrogen mobility with other policy plans/targets
Recommendations to government
�Develop and introduce incentives to stimulate fuel cell electric vehicle purchase and driving, also for niche fleets
�Develop and introduce incentives to stimulate investment and operation of hydrogen refueling stations (first mover advantage, tendering, minimum share 0-emission in fleets, financing, increase strategic value of network)
�Implement binding targets to reach ‘green’ hydrogen mobility market�Cooperate with neighboring Benelux-countries�Develop practical guidelines for hydrogen refueling stations and organize workshops�Start discussions around optimizing regulations, inspections, permitting etc
Thank you for your attention
Université catholique de Louvain (UCL)Division of Materials and Process Engineering
Power-to-Hydrogen : How big can (should) we get (by 2020) ?
Prof. dr. ir. Joris Proost
TWeeD-Agoria Summer Event on Renewables & Hydrogen Colruyt Halle, 28/06/2016
1. the context
2. the technological challenge(s)
3. the WallonHY project
4. the Belgian perspectives (by 2020)
Hydrogen (H2) : « the Holy Trinity »
“ Oui, mes amis, je crois que l’eau sera un jour employée comme combustible, que l’hydrogène et l’oxygène, qui la constituent, utilisés isolément ou simultanément, fourniront une source de chaleur et de lumière inépuisables et d’une intensité que la houille ne saurait avoir. ”
Jules Verne, L’île mystérieuse (1874).
C + O2 o CO2 + heat
2H2 + O2 o 2H2O + electricity1
2
1 zero-tolerance vs. CO2
2 efficiency doubled(cold vs. hot combustion)
m3
3 fully reversible(almost zero entropic losses)
Renewables & H2 : Power-to-H2 (P2H)
PRODUCTION
STORAGE& PIPING
Electrical line
H2-to-power
H2-to-mobility
USE
& H2-to-X
Power-to-H2 { electro-chemical H2 production
WATER ELECTROLYSIS
Water electrolysis : an old(-fashioned) technology
1953
2009
Water electrolysis : kW o MW
o 2-3 MW
o ???
Power-to-H2 (P2H) vs. Power-to-Gas (P2G)
Synthetic Natural Gas (methane – CH4)
CH4 + 2O2=
CO2 + 2H2O
2H2 + O2=
2H2OMethanation
CO2 + 4H2 o CH4 + 2H2O
H2-to-industry
(synthesis)
Belgium has H2 piping o Power-to-H2 !!!
Power-to-H2 : long-term storage (on GW-scale)
P2H: (very) dynamic response
1. the context
2. the technological challenge(s)
3. the WallonHY project
4. the Belgian perspectives (by 2020)
Water electrolysis scale-up into MW
Scale-up : how big can we get ?
1 MW : t 100 cells !!!
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 200 400 600 800 1000
H2
outp
ut [a
.u.]
# Cells
Power Input [kW]
MW electrolysis scale-up = missing link !
CO2 + 4H2 m CH4 + 2H2O2H2O o 2H2 + O2
175 kW o 2 MW
1953
MW electrolysis so far : just multiply kW units
135 MW !!!
MW water electrolysis needs process intensification
2 MW # 6 x 350 kW
Buy 5 .... get 1 free ???
zScale-up that reduces H2 price !!!
1. the context
2. the technological challenge(s)
3. the WallonHY project
4. the Belgian perspectives (by 2020)
An elegant solution : 3-D (macro-porous) electrodes
� Significantly improved H2 production rate o MW input power :
1) more (internal) surface area for the same (macroscopic) volume ;
2) improved gas evolution ;
� Fully compatible with current (kW) electrolyser technology :
• keep same (electro-catalytic) electrode material (Ni-alloys) ;
• keep same cell geometry (replacing 2-D by 3-D plate-like electrodes) ;
3-D electrodes : effect of surface area
3-D : 8.3 dm2
2-D : 1.9 10-1 dm2 y 50
1-D : 2.8 10-3 dm2 y 3000
-3
-2
-1
0
-2 -1,5 -1 -0,5 0
Cat
hode
pot
entia
l E (V
/SH
E)
Current I (A)
1-D wire
2-D plate
3-D foam (100 ppi)
given/requestedH2 output (Nm3/hr)
-2,5
-2
-1,5
-1
-0,5
0
10-3 10-2 10-1 100 101Cat
hode
(ove
r)pot
entia
l (V
)
Surface area [dm2]
I = 1 A
[de Radigues and Proost, Chemical Engineering Journal, 2010]
3-D electrodes : validated on lab-scale (UCL)
� Significantly improved H2 production rate o MW input power :
1) more (internal) surface area for the same (macroscopic) volume ;
2) improved gas evolution.
ANTICIPATED
� Significantly improved H2 production rate :
1) increased surface area reduces overpotential ;
2) macro-porous 3-D morphology favours gas evolution ;
VALIDATED
single bubble detachment
bubble growth by coalescene
natural (free) convection
growth of a single bubble
Project « WallonHY » (2016-2019)
• « Power-to-H2: une feuille de route technologique et socio-économique pour la réalisation d'un premier (site) démonstrateur en Wallonie » ;
• Partners :
• Expected outcome :
9 pilot-scale electrolyser (3-D electrodes) ;
9 stake-holders manifest for H2 in Wallonia for 2020 - 2030 ;
9 integration in European H2-mobility corridor networks ;
1. the context
2. the technological challenge(s)
3. the WallonHY project
4. the Belgian perspectives (by 2020)
Belgium lacks visibility (despite all regional efforts)
Belgium : national vs. regional
« standing still together ... »
Who does what (by 2020) ?
? ?? ?
� need for initiatives on the Belgian level !
(2015-2019)
(2020-2025)
International Energy Agency / Hydrogen Implementation Agreement
NIP H2 mobility Belgium : politically committed (October 2015)
NIP H2 mobility Belgium(1) HRS deployment
(2) H2-fueled cars
(3) H2-fueled busses
5 ton CO2 per (diesel) car per year
x 20x 300050 H2‐busses allow for about the
same CO2‐reduction as 1000 H2‐cars
y 20
2000 (measured)
loss in statistical life expectancy (in months) attributed to particulate matters (PM)
Clean fuels for transport directive
NIP H2 mobility in Belgium : H2 consumption
0
50
100
150
200
0
100
200
0 20 40 60 80 100
H2
bus (22 kg/day)
H2 car (0.7 kg/day)
H2 c
onsu
mpt
ion
(kg/
day) H
2 production (kg/day)
Number of H2 vehicles (car or bus)
1 MW # 5 H2 busses0
50
100
150
200
0 200 400 600 800 10000
20
40
60
80
100
H2 o
utpu
t [kg
/day
]
# Cells
Power Input [kW]
1 MW # 120 kg H2/day
@ 33% capacity
1 H2‐bus sells 80,000 Euro H2 per year1 H2‐car (only) 2,500 Euro (# 30 times less)
H2 bus demo-project « P2H2mobility » (2017 ?)
• 20 (2x10) H2 busses ;• one 2 MW electrolyser ;
Benelux = one of 5 regional H2 bus clusters
Benelux !!!
Green H2 o renewables in Belgium ???
Power-to-H2 H2-to-mobility
injection into grid
Total = 8% de la consommation(objectif belge 2020 = 13%)
Source : www.apere.org/observatoires (merci à H2Net)
Green H2 : make it yourself (from renewables) !
P2H : how big should we get by 2020 ?
• strongly depends on users/applications ;
• current (EU) business model = H2 mobility ;
• requires on-site & green H2 production ;
• MW-scale is (in my opinion) « just what we need (by 2020) » ;
2015 : 5,431 MW
2030 : 13,000 MW
2050 : 24,900 MW
• 100 MW electrolyser :# 20.000 Nm3/hr# 2 ton H2/day
• % of installed renewable power :1.8 o 0.8 o 0.4 %
• CAPEX (Euro/kW) :1000 o 700 o 385= same as for 50 2 MW electrolysers !
• electricity price ???Euro/kWhoEuro/kW
Grid-balancing = BelgHYum level ...
http://www.power-to-gas.be
H2 price(Euro/kg)
SMR H2 # 4,5 Euro/kg
Project « BelgHYum » (Fall 2016) : P2H for grid-balancing
• « Une Feuille de Route pour le Développement d’une filière Hydrogène en Belgique » ;
• Partners :
• Expected outcome (horizon 2020-2025) :
9 grid-balancing opportunities of P2H in Belgium ;
9 electricity price regulations for such P2H services ;
9 stake-holders manifest for H2 in Belgium (outside mobility) ;
Summary : Belgian H2 future should look bright !!!
Cluster TechnologyofWalloniaEnergy,EnvironmentandsustainableDevelopment
TWEEDAsblRueNatalis 2– 4020Liège– Belgium
BricoutPaulProjectengineer
OlivierUlriciProjectengineer
CédricBrüllDirector
www.clustertweed.be