A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 1
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
Superconducting links for LHC:
first outcomes of the design studies
Antonio Perin
LHC-ACR-IC
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 2
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
Outline• introduction
• technical aspects
• scheduling & “next steps”
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 3
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
UJ 4 6
UA4 7
UJ 4 7RA4 7
UW 4 5
US 4 5
UL4 6
TX4 6
UJ 4 4
UX4 5
RA4 3
UA4 3
UL4 4
UJ 4 3
P Z 3 3
P M3 2
UJ 3 2 UJ 3 3
RZ3 3
TZ3 2
P X4 6P Z4 5
P M4 5
RH2 3
UJ 2 2
UJ 2 3UJ 2 4
UA2 3
RA2 3
P GC2
RA2 7
UJ 2 6
P X2 4
UX2 5
P M2 5
UW 2 5US 2 5
UL2 4
UL2 6
2 7 UA2 7
UP 2 5
UJ 2 8
P MI 2
TI 2
RR1 3
UJ 1 3
RT1 2
UJ 1 4
US 1 5
TI 1 2
P M1 5
P X1 4
UX1 5
UL1 4
UJ 1 2
UJ 1 7
UJ 1 8
UJ 1 6TI 1 8
RR1 7
P M1 8 P X1 6 P X1 5
US A1 5
UL1 6
RT1 8
TI 8UJ 8 8
P GC8
TJ 8
TT 40
TZ 40
LSS4
RH8 7
RA8 3
UA8 3UJ 8 3
UJ 8 4
UJ 8 2
P M8 5
P X8 4
P Z8 5
UX8 5
TX8 4
UL8 6
UA8 7
RA8 7 UJ 8 6
UJ 8 7
UW 8 5
US 8 5
UL8 4
RR7 3
RR7 7
UJ 7 6
P M7 6
TZ7 6
UD6 2
UJ 6 2
UJ 6 3
P M6 5
UJ 6 4
UA6 3
RA6 3
TD6 8
UL6 4
P Z6 5
P X6 4
UJ 6 6
UJ 6 7
UJ 6 8
UX6 5
UA6 7
RA6 7
TD6 8
UD6 8
UP 6 8
UL6 6
TX6 4
UW 6 5 US 6 5
UP 6 2
RR5 3
UJ 5 3
UXC5 5
UL5 4
US C5 5
P M5 4
P X5 6
RZ5 4UP 5 3
UJ 5 6 1
UJ 5 7
RR5
UJ 5 6
P M5 6
UL5 6TU5 6
LHC PROJECT
N
Point 5UNDERGROUND WORKS
CMS
Point 6
Point 7
Point 8
LHC ‘B’ATLAS
Point 1Point 1.8
SPS
Point 2
Point 3.3
Point 3.2
Point 4
ST-CE/ljr18/09/2000
Existing Buildings
LHC Project Buildings
ALICE
Superconducting links for LHC
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 4
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
SC link for Point 3 of LHC
4.5 K 293 K
DFBAE DFBAFQ6 Q6D4 D4D3 D3Q5 Q5Q4 Q4
UJ33
SR3
UJ32
88 x 600A(Ø48)
16 x 120A(Ø23)
2 x 810A (Ø42.5)2 x 810A (Ø42.5)
2 x 13kA 2 x 13kA
2 x 900A (4 x Ø39)
6 x 600A (Ø48) - 243m6 x 600A (Ø48) - 338m6 x 600A (Ø48) - 443m
6 x 600A (Ø48) - 138m
4 x 600A (Ø48) - 94m
4 x 600A (Ø48) - 495m
4 x 120A (Ø23)
4 x 120A (Ø23)
44 x 600A (superconducting) - 500m
16 x 120A (12 x Ø23 + 4 x Ø25)
~ 500m ~ 15m
100 câbles
2 x 810A (Ø42.5)2 x 810A (Ø42.5)2 x 900A (4 x Ø39)
- 42m
Superconducting cable- Low Tc NbTi 4.5 K - 6 K- High Tc Bi based wires / tapes
44 x 600A (superconducting) - 500m
DFBL
Solution2: Feedbox in the tunnel
Solution1: Feedbox in UJ33
Nb. of cables 44
Nominal current 600 A DC
Insulation 1.5 kV
Radiation withstand 60 kGy
Length ~ 500 m
Total 600 A cable length 22 000 m
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 5
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
SC link for pt. 1 and pt. 5 of LHC
4.5 K 293 K
Layout of pt. 5 right of LHC
28157 33000 35000
• 4 links are present at left and right of IP 1 & 5• replace continuous cryostats for Q6 and Q5• replace inline DFBMs for D2Q4• feedboxes (DFBL) placed in the RR• length : approximately 60 m
Magnets Busbars
Q5
Q6
D2Q4
3 x 6 kA
3 x 6 kA
3 x 6 kA, 2 x 4 kA, 8 x 120 A
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 6
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
Superconducting links: schematic view
Schematic view of LTC Superconducting Link at pt. 3
Schematic view of Superconducting Links at pts. 1 & 5
DFBL plug
DFBL
Current leads
Q6 Q5 Q4 D2interconnectionplug
5.5 K3.5 bar
interconnectionpluginterconnectionplug
Radiation screen return
20 K1.3bar
6 K3.5 bar
:LHe subcooler
SC cable
~20 m ~30 m ~20 m
4.5 K3.5 bar
DFBL plug
WRL
Radiation screen return20 K1.3bar
5.8 K3.5 bar
5.5 K3.5 bar
:LHe subcooler
Conectionbox DFBA
4.5 K3.5 barDFBL
Current leads
~ 520 m
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 7
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
Functions and constraints
4.5 K 293 K
Function: compact transport of currentConstraints • LHC tunnel integration• use LHC cryogenic fluids• installation schedule with LHC• sectorisation (for pt.3)• operation, cooldown compatible with LHC operation• ...
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 8
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
Technical aspects
4.5 K 293 KComponents of a Superconducting Link• SC cable• “cryostat”• interfaces• feedboxes
System related issues• cryogenics• electrical protection• sectorisation, commissioning
Integration & installation• integration at pt. 1 & pt. 5• integration at pt. 3• installation
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 9
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
Cables for SC links
4.5 K 293 K
Pts.1 & 5 Pt. 3• configuration low Tc < 6 K low Tc ( High Tc ?)
based on existing cable existing cable
• thermal contraction integral or localised integral• mechanical stability known cable known cable
special configuration• interconnection based on standard based on standard
“branches” for Q5 & Q6• plugs existing plugs existing plugs• insulation existing cable existing cable• protection existing cable existing cable
green issues must be investigated with experimental program !
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 10
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
Cables for superconducting links
4.5 K
Ic vs. temperature for NbTi cables
42 x 600 A NbTi cable Ø 16
7 x 6 kA NbTi cable
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 11
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
HTS cables
4.5 K 293 K
DFBL plug
WRL
5.5 K3.5 bar
:LHe subcooler
Conectionbox DFBA
DFBL
Current leads
~ 520 m
20 K3.5 bar
American Superconductor, Bi2223 tapewidth, 4.1 mm
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 900
200
400
600
800
1000
Cur
rent
[A]
Temperature [K]
Hitachi Bi2212 "ROSAT" wire American Superconductor Bi2223 tape
HTC cables operating at 20 - 25 K
• existing technology• can be adapted to SC links• prices could be competitive
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 12
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
Cables for SC links
4.5 K 293 K
Pts.1 & 5 Pt. 3• configuration 2 x ( 6 x 6 kA) + 8 x 120 A low Tc 44 x120 A ( High Tc ?)
based on low Tc < 6 K existing cable existing cable
• thermal contraction integral or localised integral• mechanical stability known cable known cable
special configuration• interconnection based on standard based on standard
“branches” for Q5 & Q6• plugs existing plugs existing plugs• insulation existing cable existing cable• protection existing cable existing cable
green issues must be investigated with experimental program !
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 13
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
Superconducting link connection to Qx cryostats
Picture of a plug with 5 x 6 kA & 12 x 120 A
Ø 40 int. & Ø 50 ext. “QQS” with DFBM/SCL connection
connection
Drawing: T. Renaglia
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 14
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
Busbar lines : Spool pieces busbars (and line N)
NbTi
Weld interface
Machine as installedduring interconnection
Slide by J. Ph. TOCK, ACR-CRI
Connection of 600 A busbars: standard technology
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 15
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
Cryogenic envelopes for superconducting links
4.5 K 293 K
Pts.1 & 5, Pt. 3• vacuum tank & shield rigid, flexible for singularities, < Ø 200, 15 m pieces
• thermal contraction rigid, bellows compensated
flexible, corrugated pipe, continuous for pt.3
flexible, wave install
• interconnection based on DFBM design
“branches” for Q5 & Q6
• thermal performance special configuration
green issues must be investigated with experimental program !
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 16
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
“Cryostats” for superconducting links
Vacuum envelope
Multilayer insulation
Thermal shield
cold He pipe
return gas for shield
Superconducting cables11 x 6 kA (+ 12 x 120 A)
Ø90Ø60
Ø150Ø30
Flexible lineRigid line
•“standard” cryogenic transfer line technology• production of long length• “easier” installation but difficult end boxes & singularities (pumpin ports)• not optimal thermal performance• already used for SC links high cost• vacuum ?
•“standard” cryogenic transfer line technology• max “1-piece” ~ 15 m• more difficult installation but easier end boxes & singularities• good thermal performances• vacuum : cryopumping
Very good in singularities Ok for straight sections & branches
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 17
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
Cryogenic envelopes for superconducting links
4.5 K 293 K
Pts.1 & 5, Pt. 3• vacuum tank & shield rigid, flexible for singularities, outer dimension < φ 200
max
• thermal contraction rigid,bellows compensated
flexible, corrugated pipe
flexible, wave install
• interconnection based on DFBM design“branches” for Q5 & Q6
• thermal performance special configuration
green issues must be investigated with experimental program !
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 18
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
Feedboxes for superconducting links
4.5 K 293 K
Pts.1 & 5 Pt. 3• position in RR in UJ33• cryogenics ”standard” specific (sectorisation)
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 19
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
Conceptual design of a DFBL (in RR)
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 20
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
DFBL in RR57
Drawing: A. Kosmicki
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 21
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
DFBL in UJ33
No QRL in UJ33 !
DFBL plug
WRL
Radiation screen return20 K1.3bar
5.8 K3.5 bar
5.5 K3.5 bar
:LHe subcooler
Conectionbox DFBA
4.5 K3.5 barDFBL
Current leads
~ 520 m
The SC link acts as cryogenic line
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 22
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
Electrical protection
• LTC cables are very similar to existing and well known cables
the envisaged cables are safe
• (HTS cables: no experience at CERN, literature very encouraging)
Commissioning
• for commisioning and protection, the SC links are subject to the same constraints as DFBs
• for pt. 3, the sectorisation is fully respected, sector 3-4 can be run independently from sector 2-3
4.5 K 293 K
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 23
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
Cryogenics related aspects
4.5 K 293 K
Pts.1 & 5 Pt. 3• Inlet temperature 4.5 K, with subcooler 4.5 K, with subcooler for LTC
( 5.5 K for HTS)
• thermal screen yes; 6K to 20 K yes; 6K to 30 K
(no for HTS)
• flow instabilities to be investigated to be investigated• cooldown same as cryogenic lines same as cryogenic lines• safety effect of cable quench effect of cable quench• insulation vacuum pumping ports at ends pumping port every 100m ?
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 24
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
4.5 K 293 K
Superconducting link & LHC cryogenics
Temperature & pressure in header C
20 K1.3 bar
65 K19 bar
2931 K1.1 bar
5.5 K, 3.1 bar / 2.6 bar OK NO OK
16 K, 1.3 bar NO NO (OK)
65 K, 19.5 bar NO OK OK
Cooling possibilities for a SC link
Heat load on cryo SC line- only “cryostat load”- Tin < Tout
- LTC : Tout < 6K => subcooler required- compatible pressure drop
1 requires heater
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 25
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
Superconducting links: schematic view
Schematic view of LTC Superconducting Link at pt. 3
Schematic view of Superconducting Links at pts. 1 & 5
DFBL plug
DFBL
Current leads
Q6 Q5 Q4 D2interconnectionplug
5.5 K3.5 bar
interconnectionpluginterconnectionplug
Radiation screen return
20 K1.3bar
6 K3.5 bar
:LHe subcooler
SC cable
~20 m ~30 m ~20 m
4.5 K3.5 bar
DFBL plug
WRL
Radiation screen return20 K1.3bar
5.8 K3.5 bar
5.5 K3.5 bar
:LHe subcooler
Conectionbox DFBA
4.5 K3.5 barDFBL
Current leads
~ 520 m
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 26
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
HTS cables
4.5 K 293 K
DFBL plug
WRL
5.5 K3.5 bar
:LHe subcooler
Conectionbox DFBA
DFBL
Current leads
~ 520 m
20 K3.5 bar
American Superconductor, Bi2223 tapewidth, 4.1 mm
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 900
200
400
600
800
1000
Cur
rent
[A]
Temperature [K]
Hitachi Bi2212 "ROSAT" wire American Superconductor Bi2223 tape
HTC cables operating at 20 - 25 K
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 27
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
Cryogenic loads for SC links
Pts 1 & 5Low Tc, NbTi cable
• worst case (5L) ?
HTS4.5 K - 20 K
• Full secorisation
Tin
Tmax SC
T screen return
M flow
Remarks
Description
4.6 K (with subcooler) 5.5 K
Config. cable + return screen HTS cable, no return screen
5.6K 25 K
0.8 g/s + 0.2 g/s subcooler 4 g/s
21 K na
1 including eventual heater
Pt. 3Low Tc, NbTi cable
•Full sectorisation
4.6 K (with subcooler)
cable + return screen
5.6K
7 g/s + 1.8 g/s subcooler(4 g/s for screen & 3 g/s for
DFBL)
25 K
SCL length 70 m SCL length 540 mDFBL feedLTS cable
SCL length 540 mDFBL feedHTS cable
Hyothesisinner cryo: 0.1 w/mshield: 1 w/m
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 28
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
Integration at pts. 1 &5 • superconducting link will be installed under the QRL• main problem is at pt. 5, space is very limited• DFBL are all in RR
Integration at pt. 3• main problem : pass Q6 : solution pass on the ceiling and go down after• DFBL is placed in UJ33
4.5 K 293 K
Integration
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 29
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
Integration of the superconducting link at pt. 5 left (RR57)
link to QRLSC link
DFBL
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 30
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
Integration at pts. 1 &5 • superconducting link will be installed under the QRL• main problem at pt. 5, space is very limited (400mm less than pt.1)• DFBL are all in RR
Integration at pt. 3• main problem : pass Q6 : solution pass on the ceiling and go down after• DFBL is placed in UJ33
4.5 K 293 K
Integration
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 31
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
Pt.3 of LHC: UJ33 to tunnel
Integration of SCL at pt.3
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 32
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
Integration of SCL at pt.3 of LHC
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 33
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
3D view of a flexible SCL from UJ33 to tunnel
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 34
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
Installation schedule
4.5 K 293 K
Pts 1 & 5 : QRL installation LSS install
•Pt1 : 1-2 Q2 - 2003 Q3 - 20048-1 Q3 - 2003 Q3 - 2004
•Pt5: 4-5 Q2 - 2004 Q3 - 20055-6 Q4 - 2004 Q4 - 2005
Pt3 : QRL installation LSS install3-4 Q3 - 2003 Q3 - 2003
•Ring “closed” : 01.2006•First beam : 02.2006•First collision : 04.2006
LHC schedule
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 35
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
“Next steps”
4.5 K 293 K
Critical issues to solve
• thermal contraction compensation• flow instabilities• thermal performances of links• branches & interconnections• use of HTS ? Validation of technology(bubbles, thermal compensation, protection) ?
• Integration at pt.5 and at pt.3 (Q6)
Prototype line(s)
Next steps • 2001 finalize integration & DFBLs• Q1 2002 : test bench : multi-function end boxes, mechanical, hydraulical, electrical tests
construction of prototype lines
A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 36
theLargeHadronColliderproject
MARIC 30 May 2001
HTS related issues
4.5 K 293 K
Critical issues to solve
• thermal contraction compensation• isolation• reliability, durability• electrical protection• “bubbles”• interconnects
Prototype line(s)
Next steps • Q1 2002 : test bench : multi-function end boxes, mechanical, hydraulical, electrical tests
construction of prototype lines