Slide 1

superoxide dismutase catalase

Figure 6.1Page 96Do not post

on Internet

Slide 2

Caenorhabditis elegans

Figure 6.2Page 97

Slide 3

product with more energy(plus by-products

602 and 6H2O)

Energy In

energy-poorstarting substances 6 12

Endergonic reaction

Energy Out

energy-rich starting substance

+602

products with less energy6 6

Exergonic reaction

Stepped ArtFigure 6.5a,b

Page 100

Slide 4

Energy inputrequired

Potential energy released

Stepped ArtFigure 6.5c,d

Page 100

Slide 5

ATPForms

Cellular Work

Energy Releasing Reactions

Energy Requiring Reactions

Figure 6.6aPage 101

Slide 6

three phosphate groups

sugar (ribose)

Figure 6.6bPage 101

nucleotide base (adenine)

Slide 7

ribose

Stepped ArtFigure 6.6cPage 101

adenine

ATP

P P P

ADP

P P

AMP

Slide 8

energyinput

ADP + Pi

ATP

energy output

In-text figurePage 101

Slide 9

Figure 6.7Page 101

Ca++

Ca++ Ca++

Ca++

Ca++

Ca++Ca++

Ca++

ATP

ADP Pi

energy input energy output

Slide 10

A B C D E F

Figure 6.8Page 102

Linear Pathway:

FA B C D E

Branching Pathway:

K J

M LN

Cyclic Pathway:

G

H

I

Stepped Art

Slide 11

HighlySpontaneous

Equilibrium

HighlySpontaneous

Relative Concentrationof Product

Relative Concentrationof Reaction

Figure 6.9Page 103

Slide 12

Glucose-1-phosphate Glucose-6-phosphate

Figure 6.10Page 103

Slide 13

H2 1/2 O2 H2

2H+ 2e-

2H+

2e-

1/2 O2

H2O

1/2 O2

H2O

Explosiverelease ofenergy asheat cannot beharnessedfor cellularwork

2.Electronstransferred throughan electron transfer system

1. Water molecules split; hydrogen ions, electrons, oxygen released

3. Somereleasedenergy isused to make ATP

electric spark

Figure 6.11a,bPage 104

Slide 14

sunlight

electron transfer chains(dark green)

H2O

NADP+e-

NADPH

H+ concentration and electric gradients build up and are used to drive ATP formation

Figure 6.11cPage 104

Slide 15

activation energywithout enzyme

activation energywith enzyme

energyreleasedby the

reaction

products

starting substance

forward reaction

Figure 6.12aPage 105

Slide 16

ENZYME!

Figure 6.12bPage 105

Slide 17

Action of catalase

heme group

histidine

hydrogen peroxide

Stepped ArtFigure 6.14Page 107

Slide 18

allosteric activator

vacantallosteric binding site

active site altered, can bind substrate

active site cannot bind substrate

enzyme active site

Allosteric activation

allosteric inhibitor

allosteric binding site vacant; active site can bind substrate

active site altered, can’t bind substrate

Allosteric inhibition

Stepped ArtFigure 6.15a,b

Page 108

Slide 19

enzyme 2 enzyme 3 enzyme 4 enzyme 5

enzyme 1

SUBSTRATEEND

PRODUCT (tryptophan)

Excess end product molecules bind with molecules of enzyme 1.

The greater the excess, the more enzyme molecules are inhibited and the greater the decrease in tryptophan synthesis.

Feedback Inhibition

Figure 6.16Page 108

Slide 20

Animation

Click to view animation.

Feedback inhibition animation.

Slide 21

Figure 6.17bPage 109

Slide 22

Figure 6.17cPage 109

Slide 23

Firefly LuciferaseFigure 6.19c

Page 110

Do not post on Internet