Supplementary appendix · Appendix to Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and...

Supplementary appendixThis appendix formed part of the original submission and has been peer reviewed. We post it as supplied by the authors.

Supplement to: Murray CJL, Vos T, Lozano R. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 2012; 380: 2197–223.

Appendix to Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010

This Appendix provides further supplemental tables on global DALYs in 1990 and 2010.

Table of Contents Web Table 1- Global DALYs (thousands) with 95% UI for 291 causes in both sexes combined, males, and females by age and cause in 2010...................................................................................................................................................................................2

Web Table 2- Global DALYs (thousands) with 95% UI for 291 causes in both sexes combined, males, and females by age and cause in 1990...............................................................................................................................................................................170

1

Web Table 1 - Global DALYs (thousands) with 95% UI for 291 causes in both sexes by age and cause, 2010

Cause

Both Sexes, All Ages

Both Sexes, 0-6 Days



Both Sexes, 1-4 Years


All causes

2,490,384·9 186,364·9 58,452·8 182,671·7 195,846·6 68,664·4 (2,349,249·8–2,637,538·2) (170,397·9–202,129·9) (54,254·8–63,121·0) (168,236·1–203,413·3) (178,574·8–214,426·7) (61,872·4–77,041·2)

Communicable, maternal, neonatal and nutritional disorders

868,024·5 171,632·3 51,113·2 148,616·7 143,406·8 33,748·1 (818,934·4–921,489·5) (155,474·6–187,647·1) (46,883·8–55,920·5) (134,769·9–169,418·6) (126,866·3–161,923·0) (29,488·0–38,785·9)

HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis

130,943·6


Cause







Influenza

19,244·1 1,265·1 1,028·2 4,935·2 3,072·9 501·9 (16,906·2–21,451·5) (930·1–1,726·4) (796·2–1,346·8) (3,958·3–6,130·6) (2,573·2–3,815·6) (416·5–621·9)

Pneumococcal pneumonia

26,906·2 1,541·3 1,247·4 5,954·7 5,623·8 632·3 (23,723·4–29,864·9) (1,127·1–2,035·8) (951·8–1,570·6) (4,809·6–7,312·5) (4,772·2–6,852·6) (527·4–793·1)

H influenza type B pneumonia

21,315·3 1,991·7 1,608·4 7,654·2 4,510·6 549·4 (18,580·7–24,304·9) (1,467·0–2,703·4) (1,251·0–2,052·2) (6,179·8–9,290·1) (3,780·4–5,642·6) (447·4–695·9)

Respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia

20,472·4 3,102·9 2,539·8 11,773·4 2,647·6 26·3 (17,193·2–24,136·0) (2,372·9–4,073·3) (2,039·8–3,153·7) (9,678·8–14,093·7) (2,202·1–3,228·1) (21·9–32·9)

Other lower respiratory infections

27,288·6 1,306·4 1,038·8 4,922·9 5,182·7 1,187·4 (23,756·5–30,810·6) (889·6–1,857·0) (743·3–1,430·9) (3,663·9–6,465·3) (4,245·5–6,577·6) (990·1–1,448·4)

Upper respiratory infections

1,866·3 10·9 10·5 77·2 147·3 215·2 (1,048·8–3,189·2) (8·7–13·7) (8·7–13·0) (57·0–105·2) (83·8–246·1) (109·4–390·0)

Otitis media

4,680·0 4·9 17·1 242·2 527·8 571·2 (2,946·5–7,589·3) (1·1–36·4) (3·2–140·8) (50·0–1,892·0) (323·2–902·0) (369·7–870·1)

Meningitis

29,398·7 1,486·4 2,459·9 7,786·7 5,838·0 1,657·4 (25,583·7–33,327·5) (988·8–2,031·7) (1,882·6–3,180·8) (6,225·4–9,737·0) (4,709·9–7,607·9) (1,325·2–2,068·0)

Pneumococcal meningitis

8,023·8 291·9 483·6 1,484·2 1,624·2 539·6 (6,946·3–9,065·2) (183·0–438·6) (349·0–659·5) (1,136·2–1,941·0) (1,325·3–2,178·3) (424·7–663·0)

H influenza type B meningitis

6,610·6 396·4 664·5 2,073·2 1,922·6 518·4 (5,660·9–7,851·2) (256·3–575·3) (486·5–886·5) (1,631·8–2,642·5) (1,545·1–2,532·5) (397·7–654·0)

Meningococcal infection

5,163·4 206·0 346·3 968·9 1,267·4 351·6 (4,396·7–5,889·9) (114·1–344·7) (232·2–486·8) (698·5–1,320·6) (1,019·2–1,690·5) (285·2–435·8)

Other meningitis

9,563·3 591·9 965·1 3,253·6 1,013·0 242·4 (8,107·8–10,857·7) (392·0–843·5) (726·3–1,240·4) (2,600·2–4,062·3) (827·0–1,308·1) (195·1–297·7)

Encephalitis

7,140·9 290·8 534·5 1,505·0 1,175·3 586·8 (6,148·0–8,273·7) (198·7–448·9) (360·2–789·3) (1,113·3–2,031·4) (843·8–1,653·8) (388·8–861·5)

Diphtheria

235·8 59·3 132·5 25·9 (0·0–2,015·9) – – (0·0–492·1) (0·0–1,151·4) (0·0–223·9)

Whooping cough

7,018·1 5,745·8 1,129·9 60·2 (148·9–33,926·5) – – (116·6–27,584·5) (25·1–5,657·0) (2·0–296·0)

Tetanus

4,663·3 1,638·8 1,845·6 569·0 70·3 68·2 (2,568·5–7,587·5) (748·7–2,986·1) (958·8–3,116·9) (296·2–1,019·3) (0·8–295·1) (0·8–288·5)

Measles

10,419·7 2,762·2 6,224·4 945·6 (3,453·4–24,535·4) – – (938·8–6,474·7) (2,026·2–14,902·8) (317·9–2,161·2)

Varicella

581·1 8·5 15·1 117·8 120·7 35·2 (144·9–2,772·9) (0·0–54·0) (0·0–100·7) (0·2–803·8) (3·0–809·9) (6·7–174·6)

Neglected tropical diseases and malaria

108,738·6 34·3 2,311·9 22,176·8 39,082·2 6,718·0 (87,846·5–137,588·2) (20·8–64·5) (1,334·0–3,789·7) (14,700·5–33,070·3) (27,237·7–55,953·3) (5,297·3–8,447·2)

Malaria

82,685·2


Cause







Leishmaniasis

3,316·9 23·1 349·0 873·2 400·5 (2,179·6–4,890·3) – (12·8–40·5) (197·0–596·6) (514·7–1,413·2) (239·0–635·0)

African trypanosomiasis

560·3 66·5 57·5 (76·3–1,765·9) – – – (8·5–213·7) (8·0–184·9)

Schistosomiasis

3,309·0 104·0 382·4 373·0 (1,705·0–6,259·9) – – (55·8–170·1) (205·9–646·3) (189·9–700·5)

Cysticercosis

503·4


Cause







Obstructed labor

1,792·4 (1,249·3–2,806·2) – – – – –

Abortion

2,137·9 (1,730·8–2,591·5) – – – – –

Other maternal disorders

4,778·2 (3,818·9–5,512·1) – – – – –

Neonatal disorders

201,958·9 151,270·3 29,524·5 11,477·5 1,792·6 1,083·0 (182,137·9–221,900·7) (134,966·2–167,355·4) (25,331·7–34,166·0) (9,315·7–14,074·1) (1,427·0–2,200·3) (814·0–1,380·3)

Preterm birth complications

76,981·7 60,534·8 9,409·8 4,027·9 359·3 303·1 (66,232·6–88,295·4) (50,725·5–70,680·1) (7,580·6–11,582·6) (3,065·2–5,483·5) (281·3–440·9) (224·3–388·4)

Neonatal encephalopathy (birth asphyxia and birth trauma)

50,149·6 37,277·6 4,838·6 1,858·8 930·5 779·9 (40,521·4–59,840·5) (29,016·9–45,826·6) (3,597·1–6,362·0) (1,349·1–2,448·9) (698·2–1,199·7) (566·8–1,020·8)

Sepsis and other infectious disorders of the newborn baby

44,236·5 32,418·9 9,060·4 2,679·1 78·1 (27,348·7–72,418·2) (19,948·7–51,856·3) (5,499·9–14,792·9) (1,412·1–5,007·5) (34·7–158·4) –

Other neonatal disorders

30,591·1 21,039·0 6,215·8 2,911·7 424·6 (25,602·9–37,360·3) (16,733·1–26,903·7) (4,846·2–7,934·8) (2,177·0–3,909·7) (333·4–538·4) –

Nutritional deficiencies

85,340·6


Cause







Hepatitis

13,257·5 0·7 2·0 1,439·8 1,404·7 598·2 (11,363·9–15,855·5) (0·2–1·3) (0·7–4·1) (879·8–2,601·8) (878·8–2,443·1) (386·8–956·5)

Acute hepatitis A

4,350·8 0·4 1·2 954·1 517·8 114·8 (2,411·9–9,025·8) (0·0–0·9) (0·1–2·7) (393·4–2,067·0) (168·8–1,223·0) (56·0–207·5)

Acute hepatitis B

4,674·2 0·3 0·8 475·2 191·9 81·7 (3,188·8–6,051·6) (0·0–0·6) (0·1–1·8) (252·7–864·6) (90·0–318·9) (38·1–141·0)

Acute hepatitis C

518·0 1·3 2·0 5·5 (378·4–712·8) – – (0·2–2·9) (0·4–4·2) (2·1–17·2)

Acute hepatitis E

3,714·5 9·1 693·0 396·2 (1,551·9–7,469·8) – – (3·1–18·9) (217·7–1,789·9) (152·0–904·2)

Leprosy

6·1 0·3 0·5 (2·7–11·3) – – – (0·1–0·7) (0·2–1·2)

Other infectious diseases

17,715·5 1,267·8 1,275·9 3,964·6 3,659·9 1,243·5 (13,382·3–21,538·8) (767·6–1,784·4) (838·1–1,731·1) (2,883·3–5,267·0) (2,877·9–4,613·3) (950·7–1,623·3)

Noncommunicable diseases

1,343,695·6 13,496·3 6,169·8 25,344·6 29,918·6 26,101·6 (1,239,972·6–1,456,773·2) (11,031·2–16,243·6) (5,217·5–7,187·1) (22,032·6–28,131·9) (26,400·2–34,163·2) (22,601·7–30,420·7)

Neoplasms

188,486·8 105·8 82·8 863·3 1,762·8 1,765·2 (174,452·3–199,036·9) (74·0–146·8) (55·8–126·1) (647·3–1,157·6) (1,317·2–2,236·0) (1,419·9–2,039·6)

Oesophagus cancer

8,942·7 (6,697·9–10,821·8) – – – – –

Stomach cancer

16,412·7 (12,290·3–21,536·7) – – – – –

Liver cancer

19,110·8 66·6 (16,655·3–22,910·7) – – – – (44·3–110·3)

Liver cancer secondary to hepatitis B

8,937·9 15·9 (7,728·7–10,877·3) – – – – (10·2–26·0)

Liver cancer secondary to hepatitis C

4,141·1 2·0 (3,541·7–4,858·9) – – – – (1·3–3·2)

Liver cancer secondary to alcohol use

3,781·6 (3,295·1–4,488·2) – – – – –

Other liver cancer

2,250·3 48·7 (1,964·2–2,686·9) – – – – (32·6–79·0)

Larynx cancer

2,366·6 (1,281·0–3,818·1) – – – – –

Trachea, bronchus and lung cancers

32,404·7 (24,400·0–38,333·8) – – – – –

Breast cancer

12,017·9 (11,513·7–12,703·6) – – – – –

Cervical cancer

6,439·6 (4,111·4–8,758·3) – – – – –

Uterine cancer

1,271·9 (629·5–1,825·3) – – – – –

6


Cause







Prostate cancer

3,786·6 (2,189·0–5,623·3) – – – – –

Colon and rectum cancers

14,422·3 (12,773·8–16,571·3) – – – – –

Mouth cancer

3,227·8 (2,717·9–3,538·4) – – – – –

Nasopharynx cancer

2,007·4 11·5 (1,310·5–2,610·5) – – – – (7·7–17·9)

Cancer of other part of pharynx and oropharynx

2,741·9 (1,577·4–3,412·8) – – – – –

Gallbladder and biliary tract cancer

3,034·5 (1,965·6–4,061·0) – – – – –

Pancreas cancer

6,160·6 (4,644·4–7,693·9) – – – – –

Malignant melanoma of skin

1,169·4 (744·0–1,694·4) – – – – –

Non-melanoma skin cancer

798·4 (557·2–1,068·3) – – – – –

Ovary cancer

4,118·2 (2,929·5–5,115·3) – – – – –

Testis cancer

313·3 (202·1–405·4) – – – – –

Kidney and other urinary organ cancers

3,676·3 35·7 131·2 72·2 (2,856·6–4,922·2) – – (20·9–51·5) (80·8–190·5) (43·7–114·0)

Bladder cancer

3,014·5 (2,335·5–3,562·7) – – – – –

Brain and nervous system cancers

6,059·7 234·9 292·8 (3,668·6–7,455·3) – – – (83·5–516·5) (170·3–381·7)

Thyroid cancer

836·3 (625·3–997·0) – – – – –

Hodgkin's disease

647·0 5·3 2·3 7·0 21·3 29·8 (429·8–920·3) (3·0–8·9) (0·9–5·5) (4·0–11·3) (9·0–41·6) (16·7–45·9)

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

5,859·8 47·5 248·1 276·1 (4,609·9–6,450·3) – – (33·0–64·2) (163·9–354·1) (164·4–419·2)

Multiple myeloma

1,474·8 (969·4–2,001·7) – – – – –

Leukemia

9,555·7 299·4 673·6 639·2 (7,661·6–11,231·9) – – (223·5–402·3) (501·9–835·2) (488·8–794·0)

Other neoplasms

16,615·3 100·5 80·5 473·8 453·7 377·0 (11,928·3–19,888·3) (69·5–141·4) (54·0–124·6) (294·2–741·3) (267·0–692·3) (252·5–511·3)

Cardiovascular and circulatory diseases

295,035·8 787·8 543·2 2,896·6 2,836·5 1,429·2 (273,060·9–309,561·8) (626·0–955·1) (430·4–667·3) (2,379·5–3,408·4) (2,364·0–3,439·6) (1,174·8–1,730·8)

7


Cause







Rheumatic heart disease

10,149·9 211·8 226·7 (9,058·3–11,308·3) – – – (165·3–256·1) (176·4–290·6)

Ischemic heart disease

129,819·9 575·2 518·3 234·3 (119,174·4–138,043·5) – – (325·7–814·3) (330·9–707·7) (151·0–347·5)

Cerebrovascular disease

102,232·3 309·8 210·8 803·5 667·5 293·0 (90,428·1–107,988·6) (212·2–414·1) (139·5–302·0) (470·5–1,183·5) (456·6–917·7) (213·6–386·8)

Ischemic stroke

39,389·4 176·3 156·0 54·1 (36,906·4–45,504·5) – – (107·8–247·9) (104·7–201·5) (42·9–66·3)

Hemorrhagic and other non-ischemic stroke

62,842·9 309·8 210·8 627·1 511·5 238·9 (54,386·1–72,539·7) (224·2–443·2) (146·7–323·0) (368·9–931·6) (302·9–733·8) (166·5–334·9)

Hypertensive heart disease

15,324·2 106·3 117·4 42·9 (12,834·8–18,433·0) – – (72·8–142·8) (82·1–163·4) (32·7–54·2)

Cardiomyopathy and myocarditis

11,150·8 244·3 198·7 595·3 558·1 200·4 (9,759·2–12,881·5) (143·6–379·7) (121·9–323·4) (349·6–884·9) (263·2–944·2) (145·1–276·1)

Atrial fibrillation and flutter

3,598·5 1·3 11·0 (2,756·1–4,578·4) – – – (0·7–2·2) (6·9–16·2)

Aortic aneurysm

3,162·6 (2,280·0–4,235·0) – – – – –

Peripheral vascular disease

994·9


Cause







Cirrhosis of the liver secondary to alcohol use

8,574·9 (6,840·4–10,176·6) – – – – –

Other cirrhosis of the liver

6,010·7


Cause







Mental and behavioral disorders

185,190·1 27·7 30·7 154·9 836·6 5,856·0 (154,646·9–218,496·2) (16·4–49·9) (17·2–53·8) (89·8–291·7) (627·9–1,086·0) (4,545·8–7,421·7)

Schizophrenia

14,999·5 (9,765·8–20,399·2) – – – – –

Alcohol use disorders

17,644·1 0·1 0·2 2·9 11·5 12·3 (12,927·6–23,273·0) (0·0–0·1) (0·1–0·3) (1·7–4·6) (6·7–17·8) (7·3–19·1)

Drug use disorders

19,994·2 27·6 30·3 149·5 207·4 45·3 (15,254·4–25,366·2) (16·2–49·8) (16·8–53·5) (84·9–287·4) (110·1–350·8) (27·0–83·4)

Opioid use disorders

9,151·5 14·1 15·7 76·3 102·3 22·8 (7,066·2–11,443·2) (8·3–24·9) (8·8–27·5) (42·7–145·8) (52·5–172·5) (13·5–42·1)

Cocaine use disorders

1,110·1 0·2* 0·1 0·8* 1·0* 0·3* (644·7–1,727·2) (0·0–0·1) (0·0–0·1) (0·2–0·5) (0·2–0·7) (0·1–0·2)

Amphetamine use disorders

2,616·9 0·2* 0·1 0·8* 1·0* 0·3* (1,469·9–4,108·9) (0·0–0·1) (0·0–0·1) (0·1–0·4) (0·2–0·5) (0·0–0·2)

Cannabis use disorders

2,057·2 (1,348·3–2,928·8) – – – – –

Other drug use disorders

5,058·6 13·3 14·4 71·5 103·2 21·9 (3,555·2–7,041·8) (7·7–24·0) (8·0–24·7) (39·7–130·8) (53·4–175·2) (13·1–39·2)

Unipolar depressive disorders

74,263·7 4·4 2,254·1 (55,670·2–94,239·8) – – – (2·8–6·7) (1,697·4–2,902·1)

Major depressive disorder

63,179·3 4·3 2,086·1 (47,778·6–80,890·9) – – – (2·7–6·5) (1,554·9–2,683·7)

Dysthymia

11,084·4 0·1 168·0 (7,296·6–15,447·4) – – – (0·0–0·4) (109·1–234·1)

Bipolar affective disorder

12,867·1 (8,084·2–18,653·6) – – – – –

Anxiety disorders

26,825·6 0·4 547·1 (18,778·9–36,794·9) – – – (0·1–0·8) (385·7–761·8)

Eating disorders

2,160·6 8·1 (1,519·3–2,948·7) – – – – (5·0–10·9)

Pervasive development disorders

7,665·8 532·7 777·5 (5,354·5–10,564·8) – – – (371·7–731·3) (542·1–1,070·4)

Autism

4,006·7 319·5 407·7 (2,751·6–5,562·6) – – – (218·7–447·6) (278·4–569·8)

Asperger's syndrome

3,659·1 213·2 369·8 (2,463·4–5,149·7) – – – (142·8–306·8) (252·4–526·9)

Childhood behavioral disorders

6,244·8


Cause







Idiopathic intellectual disability

1,042·7 0·1 0·2 2·5 41·1 146·6 (571·7–1,686·8) (0·0–0·1) (0·1–0·4) (0·9–5·6) (19·5–73·6) (80·4–236·8)

Other mental and behavioral disorders

1,482·1 39·1 76·8 (990·2–2,151·8) – – – (23·8–58·3) (47·3–118·0)

Diabetes, urogenital, blood, and endocrine diseases

122,437·2 562·1 468·9 4,275·7 6,766·6 3,591·8 (107,436·7–143,386·8) (388·8–820·7) (318·0–674·7) (3,452·0–5,441·1) (5,157·7–8,939·1) (2,801·5–4,734·2)

Diabetes mellitus

46,823·3 60·6 41·6 352·8 426·5 301·1 (40,085·5–55,214·5) (46·4–79·4) (30·9–55·1) (244·2–504·5) (321·2–559·8) (217·7–413·1)

Acute glomerulonephritis

3,684·2


Cause







Premenstrual syndrome

1,248·6 (62·8–3,336·5) – – – – –

Other gynecological diseases

705·0 (527·0–953·8) – – – – –

Hemoglobinopathies and hemolytic anemias

15,639·8 204·5 142·4 1,300·8 3,319·8 2,002·8 (12,224·8–19,721·7) (122·8–310·9) (87·9–203·9) (984·7–1,695·4) (2,363·3–4,574·1) (1,469·3–2,655·9)

Thalassemias

5,716·7 3·1 6·4 286·9 933·5 772·0 (4,170·0–7,728·2) (2·1–4·4) (4·7–8·9) (208·4–385·5) (668·5–1,273·0) (539·9–1,072·8)

Sickle cell disorders

5,641·0 16·4 36·2 565·4 1,549·8 892·6 (4,243·5–7,245·7) (12·1–22·5) (22·2–53·3) (384·2–765·0) (1,061·4–2,181·5) (608·6–1,298·3)

G6PD deficiency

302·6 0·4 0·8 19·5 62·0 42·0 (244·2–371·9) (0·2–0·6) (0·5–1·3) (13·0–33·4) (43·3–88·4) (29·7–63·0)

Other hemoglobinopathies and hemolytic anemias

3,979·5 184·6 99·0 429·0 774·5 296·2 (2,887·3–5,399·8) (117·6–282·8) (53·6–156·3) (284·0–662·7) (460·4–1,425·2) (201·4–424·9)

Other endocrine, nutritional, blood, and immune disorders

11,357·6 242·7 223·5 1,216·5 1,380·6 627·0 (8,203·6–17,018·7) (124·5–497·3) (109·4–430·8) (772·2–2,232·4) (906·2–2,175·7) (439·4–869·5)

Musculoskeletal disorders

169,624·0 1,607·2 (129,770·6–212,734·3) – – – – (1,116·1–2,164·3)

Rheumatoid arthritis

4,814·8 21·5 (3,705·0–6,056·2) – – – – (14·4–36·8)

Osteoarthritis

17,135·2 (11,883·6–24,255·7) – – – – –

Low back and neck pain

116,703·7 1,542·2 (80,615·1–156,526·8) – – – – (1,049·6–2,096·0)

Low back pain

83,063·5 1,107·1 (56,631·6–111,879·9) – – – – (752·8–1,524·1)

Neck pain

33,640·2 435·1 (23,469·0–46,475·9) – – – – (302·0–605·2)

Gout

114·0 (72·3–166·9) – – – – –

Other musculoskeletal disorders

30,856·3 43·4 (25,815·5–34,582·7) – – – – (28·5–62·4)

Other noncommunicable diseases

127,476·9 11,613·9 4,658·1 12,247·7 7,249·9 5,238·2 (99,171·4–169,615·6) (9,221·6–14,392·6) (3,787·5–5,667·0) (9,644·2–14,446·0) (6,018·0–8,925·6) (3,832·5–7,328·5)

Congenital anomalies

38,887·3 11,609·5 4,108·6 10,151·8 4,640·5 1,429·9 (31,850·5–45,718·6) (9,218·0–14,387·0) (3,366·6–5,137·2) (7,597·6–12,205·8) (3,741·6–5,803·4) (1,188·2–1,758·0)

Neural tube defects

6,372·4 3,103·8 646·3 993·1 496·0 192·1 (3,883·9–9,095·8) (1,703·0–4,966·2) (340·5–1,030·8) (559·3–1,648·3) (268·8–878·5) (114·8–305·0)

Congenital heart anomalies

15,457·2 3,940·4 1,821·2 4,341·9 2,052·6 569·5 (13,675·3–17,753·7) (3,361·6–4,669·3) (1,532·9–2,257·6) (3,408·9–5,547·7) (1,596·3–2,758·5) (460·8–721·5)

Cleft lip and cleft palate

570·5 108·8 57·9 124·5 79·5 43·2 (408·1–746·6) (60·2–173·8) (32·1–94·1) (72·0–197·3) (55·5–110·8) (29·7–59·5)

12


Cause







Down's syndrome

1,775·0 189·1 101·6 320·3 258·0 92·5 (1,226·7–2,462·8) (104·8–334·7) (54·3–176·5) (180·9–535·0) (133·4–435·9) (62·7–132·6)

Other chromosomal abnormalities

1,760·9 562·3 256·3 427·4 125·4 50·8 (1,017·3–2,972·2) (280·7–1,118·0) (130·6–485·3) (209·9–850·1) (62·0–244·6) (32·4–84·9)

Other congenital anomalies

12,951·3 3,705·1 1,225·3 3,944·6 1,629·1 481·7 (8,408·1–17,168·9) (2,219·8–5,335·5) (708·4–1,792·0) (2,250·8–5,860·9) (887·1–2,569·6) (336·5–660·4)

Skin and subcutaneous diseases

36,948·1 4·1 12·1 734·3 2,395·1 2,969·9 (24,800·1–55,671·5) (2·3–7·2) (6·7–21·3) (558·8–956·6) (1,627·9–3,462·0) (1,930·0–4,484·7)

Eczema

8,896·8 951·4 1,176·0 (4,518·4–14,049·2) – – – (474·6–1,513·7) (589·3–1,865·4)

Psoriasis

1,058·7 7·9 21·7 (528·3–1,690·2) – – – (3·7–13·2) (10·8–35·3)

Cellulitis

1,291·5 0·2 0·6 120·3 156·0 58·3 (1,000·1–1,769·5) (0·1–0·5) (0·2–1·4) (88·8–159·5) (98·9–215·9) (37·9–97·1)

Abscess, impetigo, and other bacterial skin diseases

2,869·1 0·8 2·3 468·6 491·0 308·2 (2,099·1–4,174·9) (0·4–1·5) (1·1–4·4) (340·9–612·0) (331·2–719·0) (162·0–555·9)

Scabies

1,579·7 1·9 5·6 87·3 253·8 160·1 (806·9–2,792·0) (0·9–3·6) (2·7–10·5) (43·1–164·1) (128·7–459·3) (81·0–278·4)

Fungal skin diseases

2,302·8 0·2 0·5 7·5 87·3 214·4 (740·4–5,435·3) (0·0–0·4) (0·1–1·2) (2·1–18·9) (27·9–202·4) (67·5–500·7)

Viral skin diseases

2,730·8 146·5 452·1 (1,203·2–4,941·3) – – – (67·4–254·8) (201·1–814·8)

Acne vulgaris

4,001·8 89·5 (1,868·6–7,575·2) – – – – (41·2–169·8)

Alopecia areata

1,352·5 24·5 82·5 (423·8–2,567·0) – – – (7·6–46·4) (25·2–158·3)

Pruritus

2,086·4 0·1 0·3 5·1 25·1 38·2 (1,004·4–3,951·3) (0·1–0·2) (0·1–0·6) (2·4–9·7) (11·7–46·7) (18·2–73·0)

Urticaria

2,599·6 0·8 2·2 34·8 155·2 205·4 (980·1–4,440·5) (0·3–1·4) (0·9–4·1) (13·6–62·9) (59·9–276·0) (77·9–354·0)

Decubitus ulcer

1,205·7 10·4 5·1 (914·3–1,538·9) – – – (6·0–13·3) (3·8–6·3)

Other skin and subcutaneous diseases

4,972·8 0·2 0·6 10·7 86·0 158·3 (2,328·5–9,310·8) (0·1–0·4) (0·3–1·1) (4·7–18·4) (39·8–165·2) (73·3–293·9)

Sense organ diseases

34,733·5 0·2 0·4 5·8 121·3 437·9 (25,167·0–47,662·6) (0·1–0·4) (0·2–0·7) (3·0–10·8) (82·5–183·6) (294·5–661·5)

Glaucoma

943·1 (724·5–1,177·6) – – – – –

Cataracts

4,732·1 (3,646·5–6,010·1) – – – – –

Macular degeneration

1,329·3 (1,025·5–1,667·8) – – – – –

13


Cause







Refraction and accommodation disorders

5,593·0


Cause







Fire, heat and hot substances

19,009·6 62·4 100·1 1,143·3 4,049·8 1,015·5 (13,289·5–24,139·5) (44·0–86·0) (74·7–145·6) (790·2–1,641·9) (2,826·1–5,184·9) (687·1–1,617·7)

Poisonings

8,933·9 49·1 64·1 335·0 969·0 248·8 (6,646·6–11,850·5) (35·1–76·8) (44·1–105·1) (237·5–479·1) (711·0–1,434·2) (181·2–371·3)

Exposure to mechanical forces

11,366·8 32·6 29·5 245·1 1,017·4 484·9 (8,667·7–13,493·2) (23·2–48·7) (20·6–42·6) (150·9–342·3) (706·0–1,569·8) (352·3–750·4)

Mechanical forces (firearm)

4,624·5 19·3 7·5 94·5 347·9 210·5 (3,124·7–6,872·3) (9·8–36·4) (3·3–12·4) (53·8–194·0) (150·9–633·8) (118·5–374·2)

Mechanical forces (other)

7,097·5 13·3 22·0 150·6 672·0 281·9 (4,685·8–8,516·7) (9·1–23·1) (12·8–31·6) (63·9–229·5) (307·4–1,111·2) (164·0–453·5)

Adverse effects of medical treatment

4,081·8 99·3 86·3 411·7 337·8 94·8 (3,333·1–4,729·9) (70·0–140·1) (61·1–119·2) (292·2–549·7) (194·2–495·3) (69·1–125·7)

Animal contact

3,658·7 90·3 74·8 364·5 589·7 343·9 (2,366·3–5,048·5) (38·8–225·1) (37·8–138·1) (159·1–701·3) (291·4–1,001·7) (196·7–575·1)

Animal contact (venomous)

2,729·4 46·3 59·4 264·9 435·9 280·0 (1,544·8–4,805·6) (15·6–127·1) (26·4–112·4) (100·2–542·4) (209·2–924·5) (131·8–568·7)

Animal contact (non-venomous)

929·3 44·0 15·4 99·6 153·8 63·9 (557·9–1,281·2) (17·9–114·7) (5·2–33·4) (39·3–201·5) (62·3–280·6) (35·1–98·5)

Unintentional injuries not classified elsewhere

18,368·6 328·4 375·7 2,866·4 1,517·0 542·1 (16,254·4–20,785·8) (234·5–522·3) (263·8–586·8) (2,204·7–3,780·9) (1,213·2–2,002·4) (420·4–726·0)

Self-harm and interpersonal violence

62,194·8 208·7 72·6 399·8 880·5 395·2 (51,859·0–73,023·3) (141·5–285·4) (42·3–113·1) (279·6–519·6) (621·1–1,163·4) (312·6–487·2)

Self-harm

36,654·3 75·6 (26,890·1–44,649·1) – – – – (52·9–112·5)

Interpersonal violence

25,540·5 208·7 72·6 399·8 880·5 319·5 (20,030·4–32,921·0) (141·5–285·4) (42·3–113·1) (279·6–519·6) (621·1–1,163·4) (244·9–397·4)

Assault by firearm

11,145·5 29·3 24·9 87·7 199·9 99·8 (8,768·6–13,161·1) (16·2–46·6) (5·5–91·1) (49·0–132·1) (98·0–316·1) (66·1–138·8)

Assault by sharp object

7,095·0 22·3 4·5 48·9 119·0 48·5 (4,828·0–10,148·2) (13·2–39·5) (2·6–8·5) (31·4–80·4) (55·5–228·6) (32·1–70·4)

Assault by other means

7,526·4 157·1 43·2 263·2 563·3 174·6 (6,273·9–8,919·6) (107·8–251·7) (23·7–76·7) (199·8–371·1) (323·0–875·4) (137·2–228·4)

Forces of nature, war, and legal intervention

14,346·7 141·7 188·7 608·3 649·1 216·4 (8,968·7–27,860·5) (99·1–202·0) (140·7–254·0) (472·5–810·7) (465·5–901·9) (165·1–292·8)

Exposure to forces of nature

13,386·9 135·9 168·8 537·3 586·4 199·6 (8,177·0–26,226·0) (91·3–193·8) (122·3–233·0) (409·0–734·0) (402·4–839·5) (149·6–274·3)

Collective violence and legal intervention

959·8 5·8 19·9 71·0 62·8 16·7 (708·3–1,479·8) (1·2–12·5) (15·9–28·2) (60·2–87·6) (47·4–84·3) (15·4–18·8)

15


Cause






All causes

69,408·3 98,684·2 123,477·6 128,790·6 124,743·4 (61,446·3–78,993·8) (89,314·9–109,302·1) (114,254·5–133,679·9) (119,138·3–139,656·7) (115,404·0–135,011·6)


22,251·7 22,543·5 30,576·2 36,416·0 35,910·7 (19,326·4–26,155·4) (20,096·3–25,465·3) (27,920·8–33,162·6) (33,821·6–39,234·0) (33,329·2–38,677·9)


2,933·2 3,164·0 7,817·7 15,855·8 18,424·1 (2,638·5–3,259·3) (2,793·5–3,560·9) (6,965·7–8,659·1) (14,368·7–17,284·2) (16,913·9–20,015·6)

Tuberculosis

610·5 1,437·3 2,998·8 4,439·3 4,837·2 (477·0–774·5) (1,152·8–1,744·5) (2,340·3–3,683·6) (3,432·4–5,376·3) (3,732·1–5,932·1)

HIV/AIDS

2,322·7 1,726·7 4,818·9 11,416·5 13,586·8 (2,061·5–2,600·5) (1,511·6–1,986·3) (4,210·5–5,393·2) (10,383·4–12,501·1) (12,539·4–14,642·2)

HIV disease resulting in mycobacterial infection

457·8 351·5 911·3 2,112·7 2,465·6 (388·7–529·6) (303·6–408·7) (793·6–1,020·9) (1,910·6–2,329·0) (2,251·3–2,670·8)

HIV disease resulting in other specified or unspecified diseases

1,864·9 1,375·2 3,907·7 9,303·8 11,121·2 (1,612·4–2,132·3) (1,172·1–1,609·2) (3,365·6–4,395·7) (8,394·5–10,223·7) (10,205·0–12,045·6)

Diarrhea, LRI, meningitis, and other common infectious diseases

7,172·3 6,827·5 7,524·5 7,285·4 6,428·4 (5,745·5–8,619·4) (5,454·7–8,143·0) (6,174·6–8,900·6) (6,093·7–8,573·4) (5,400·7–7,466·1)

Diarrheal diseases

1,770·7 1,711·7 2,081·4 2,238·0 1,988·6 (1,389·1–2,299·5) (1,361·7–2,197·6) (1,675·9–2,613·1) (1,826·0–2,815·5) (1,620·1–2,458·2)

Cholera

59·6 59·9 73·1 78·5 68·5 (39·7–90·6) (39·7–87·9) (51·8–105·6) (55·9–112·4) (48·6–95·1)

Other salmonella infections

199·6 185·9 214·4 216·7 178·4 (142·4–277·2) (130·8–264·6) (156·1–294·9) (156·5–304·6) (128·3–241·8)

Shigellosis

245·4 223·7 255·2 257·0 209·8 (175·7–347·3) (160·5–309·3) (187·2–347·8) (186·0–343·5) (158·5–273·8)

Enteropathogenic E coli infection

49·1 41·4 43·4 39·7 28·9 (34·4–69·3) (29·7–58·8) (31·8–58·7) (29·1–54·1) (21·2–39·2)

Enterotoxigenic E coli infection

161·1 166·7 217·8 253·0 245·8 (117·2–224·1) (118·9–232·8) (161·9–288·5) (188·1–334·0) (185·8–321·2)

Campylobacter enteritis

110·6 102·9 120·7 125·6 109·1 (75·6–158·2) (71·9–151·6) (84·0–167·9) (89·0–180·3) (78·1–149·8)

Amoebiasis

51·2 58·1 81·4 100·2 99·1 (35·7–73·4) (40·4–81·3) (58·3–110·8) (71·1–138·9) (71·8–133·9)

Cryptosporidiosis

47·0 44·1 52·0 54·1 46·1 (32·6–67·2) (30·8–62·9) (36·7–71·7) (38·5–75·6) (32·8–61·7)

Rotaviral enteritis

192·2 177·5 206·1 208·6 169·4 (132·5–275·1) (124·6–252·6) (147·3–283·2) (147·9–287·0) (121·2–229·2)

Other diarrheal diseases

654·8 651·6 817·2 904·6 833·4 (449·6–940·3) (451·8–967·3) (573·3–1,160·7) (628·2–1,265·1) (588·8–1,146·2)

Typhoid and paratyphoid fevers

1,337·9 1,325·1 1,170·8 896·0 653·9 (187·4–2,473·9) (178·6–2,476·6) (158·5–2,193·4) (120·9–1,677·8) (90·3–1,213·5)

Lower respiratory infections

1,615·4 1,691·5 2,129·1 2,271·5 2,142·0 (1,330·1–1,998·8) (1,373·8–2,031·3) (1,730·1–2,522·3) (1,779·5–2,718·5) (1,693·5–2,590·1)

16


Cause






Influenza

315·3 345·3 455·9 509·1 501·5 (253·4–401·0) (282·0–414·3) (370·8–542·9) (399·7–609·5) (398·6–606·9)


287·8 348·5 501·7 588·2 590·7 (234·1–367·5) (280·6–414·5) (407·0–593·6) (462·1–700·3) (463·6–715·4)


287·9 296·6 372·0 389·4 359·8 (226·1–375·1) (242·6–357·5) (304·3–443·9) (305·1–464·9) (284·2–441·5)


15·4 16·3 20·8 22·2 20·9 (12·6–19·3) (13·2–19·6) (16·9–24·8) (17·4–26·7) (16·5–25·4)


709·0 684·7 778·7 762·6 669·1 (578·3–873·8) (551·5–837·1) (623·4–934·1) (602·0–918·8) (528·0–827·3)


236·1 167·0 128·6 129·1 125·2 (118·2–426·2) (81·7–298·3) (64·6–228·5) (66·1–227·4) (62·9–221·2)

Otitis media

438·4 335·6 323·1 310·8 283·1 (279·2–666·8) (206·9–520·3) (200·4–509·1) (193·8–490·4) (178·2–442·4)

Meningitis

1,058·3 1,107·8 1,187·5 1,039·5 882·7 (866·5–1,311·1) (935·3–1,289·4) (939·2–1,441·2) (809·4–1,282·2) (691·0–1,104·7)


368·9 405·1 458·2 406·9 341·1 (295·5–468·4) (338·8–483·6) (357·5–564·9) (311·0–510·1) (261·3–427·2)


248·4 174·9 111·3 58·8 53·5 (196·1–323·2) (145·1–211·1) (85·3–141·4) (43·6–77·2) (39·6–71·2)


221·7 247·5 266·7 237·4 187·0 (183·3–268·2) (209·4–288·5) (207·3–321·7) (178·5–296·8) (145·8–227·5)

Other meningitis

215·7 278·6 350·2 335·3 300·1 (174·1–269·4) (237·2–331·7) (270·8–429·8) (257·4–413·2) (233·5–374·3)

Encephalitis

371·5 307·5 380·3 310·0 273·3 (242·1–564·2) (223·0–434·6) (242·3–563·6) (204·3–484·0) (180·7–430·9)

Diphtheria

7·3 2·5 1·6 1·3 1·0 (0·0–59·8) (0·0–21·3) (0·0–13·6) (0·0–11·5) (0·0–8·4)

Whooping cough

14·6 10·0 7·8 7·5 6·8 (0·4–71·9) (0·3–49·4) (0·2–38·6) (0·2–37·0) (0·2–33·2)

Tetanus

48·6 36·8 36·3 35·1 36·3 (0·6–199·2) (0·4–154·3) (0·4–150·3) (0·4–148·0) (0·4–158·2)

Measles

250·7 112·0 58·8 27·2 14·3 (83·7–578·5) (37·7–259·0) (19·8–137·6) (9·4–62·2) (5·3–32·0)

Varicella

22·8 19·9 19·3 19·3 21·3 (8·6–80·4) (8·1–65·7) (7·9–64·0) (7·0–70·9) (7·1–83·1)


4,304·8 4,448·6 4,910·3 4,122·6 3,344·6 (3,406·5–5,502·7) (3,566·1–5,665·4) (3,820·5–6,293·4) (3,146·5–5,421·6) (2,506·3–4,528·5)

Malaria

1,919·8 2,508·8 3,013·2 2,444·1 1,865·8 (1,420·0–2,514·6) (1,819·6–3,391·0) (2,111·9–4,255·5) (1,649·0–3,738·8) (1,189·7–2,997·8)

Chagas disease

2·0 4·6 6·1 11·0 18·8 (0·9–4·5) (1·6–12·6) (2·4–15·8) (4·5–28·1) (8·0–45·4)

17


Cause






Leishmaniasis

297·8 253·7 223·9 174·9 140·2 (186·8–451·4) (155·4–392·6) (144·9–325·3) (113·5–259·4) (89·9–212·0)


59·0 83·4 83·3 65·7 48·8 (7·8–185·6) (11·3–261·8) (11·5–262·5) (9·0–204·1) (6·9–153·7)

Schistosomiasis

322·1 320·6 313·4 263·6 218·2 (153·8–639·4) (147·9–649·5) (146·2–628·9) (125·5–518·4) (106·1–420·2)

Cysticercosis

32·7 57·9 70·1 62·1 52·5 (22·0–46·5) (40·5–77·4) (49·1–94·2) (43·3–85·4) (36·6–72·7)

Echinococcosis

4·9 6·3 8·5 9·6 10·4 (2·1–10·2) (2·7–13·0) (3·9–18·0) (4·3–19·7) (4·7–21·3)

Lymphatic filariasis

108·3 321·5 305·4 280·1 249·8 (69·2–159·6) (202·8–459·5) (198·0–451·3) (177·2–412·4) (161·3–365·4)

Onchocerciasis

37·6 40·7 40·5 39·7 39·0 (25·5–52·8) (27·7–57·0) (27·9–56·0) (27·8–54·1) (28·2–53·0)

Trachoma


Cause






Obstructed labor

76·5 235·6 252·6 246·4 – (53·0–109·8) (179·6–309·8) (187·4–350·0) (171·6–373·8)

Abortion

257·2 559·9 480·6 364·9 – (178·5–354·0) (447·6–715·0) (369·6–606·0) (278·7–477·0)


461·3 1,111·6 1,063·3 858·8 – (338·9–553·7) (873·0–1,314·4) (832·6–1,247·0) (681·3–1,015·0)

Neonatal disorders

994·1 930·1 872·0 755·0 642·0 (736·7–1,262·0) (700·5–1,161·3) (654·1–1,108·1) (570·8–953·5) (478·7–816·8)


289·6 282·5 274·8 246·7 217·4 (215·8–370·7) (209·8–358·6) (207·2–348·5) (184·9–311·7) (162·4–275·3)


704·6 647·6 597·2 508·3 424·6 (503·9–920·8) (469·8–836·7) (435·3–793·2) (366·4–666·9) (304·5–557·4)


– – – – –


– – – – –


5,591·9 4,130·5 4,098·2 3,444·8 2,942·4 (4,041·5–7,610·2) (3,135·1–5,411·5) (3,142·3–5,290·1) (2,640·3–4,412·2) (2,266·9–3,754·7)

Protein-energy malnutrition

490·7 666·9 786·3 680·2 625·2 (351·9–697·6) (455·4–1,012·8) (541·9–1,175·8) (497·2–959·0) (444·2–885·8)

Iodine deficiency

336·1 458·0 523·0 458·0 381·8 (214·6–524·4) (292·8–722·8) (337·5–816·4) (293·8–714·2) (244·8–598·5)

Vitamin A deficiency

187·1 157·5 93·4 73·6 55·5 (138·5–247·1) (117·6–208·2) (69·5–123·0) (54·1–95·0) (40·6–73·5)

Iron-deficiency anemia

4,573·3 2,838·9 2,685·8 2,223·3 1,870·2 (3,020·6–6,589·5) (1,918·6–4,055·1) (1,846·0–3,811·5) (1,545·6–3,137·0) (1,293·6–2,655·2)

Other nutritional deficiencies

4·8 9·1 9·8 9·7 9·7 (3·4–6·2) (6·4–12·7) (7·2–14·1) (7·2–12·9) (7·0–12·6)

Other communicable, maternal, neonatal and nutritional di d

1,255·3 1,309·8 1,651·2 1,531·9 1,398·2 (966·4–1,647·3) (994·8–1,805·7) (1,271·8–2,188·8) (1,219·3–2,027·7) (1,120·7–1,814·0)

Sexually transmitted diseases excluding HIV

48·4 213·0 344·0 296·7 228·0 (30·6–78·7) (122·7–383·9) (190·5–628·1) (175·4–523·7) (137·0–392·2)

Syphilis

7·0 14·6 21·7 25·0 25·5 (4·4–13·9) (9·5–25·4) (12·7–39·6) (14·5–43·2) (13·8–43·4)

Sexually transmitted chlamydial diseases

22·5 120·1 192·8 148·7 97·1 (11·5–39·7) (58·9–221·0) (93·7–355·4) (75·3–268·5) (50·7–171·8)

Gonococcal infection

7·7 33·9 55·0 51·8 45·7 (4·3–12·8) (17·3–58·7) (28·7–96·2) (27·7–90·2) (24·5–79·1)

Trichomoniasis

4·8 27·9 44·9 35·1 23·0 (0·0–14·2) (0·0–82·0) (0·0–132·7) (0·0–104·0) (0·0–67·2)

Other sexually transmitted diseases

6·4 16·5 29·5 36·1 36·7 (4·6–9·3) (11·9–25·0) (21·2–43·6) (24·9–52·7) (25·5–55·4)

19


Cause






Hepatitis

477·6 679·7 839·9 759·1 699·3 (297·3–790·9) (425·0–1,103·7) (569·0–1,325·3) (526·4–1,173·9) (500·3–1,035·1)

Acute hepatitis A

76·3 80·1 117·0 140·4 172·8 (34·4–172·8) (32·0–199·3) (49·7–297·9) (59·9–331·7) (71·6–440·6)

Acute hepatitis B

55·0 75·4 118·1 145·7 184·9 (27·0–93·7) (43·6–118·0) (71·4–181·6) (83·6–250·6) (110·3–297·4)

Acute hepatitis C

6·4 7·4 11·9 19·0 28·2 (3·0–14·0) (4·0–12·5) (6·9–20·7) (11·4–32·9) (16·5–47·5)

Acute hepatitis E

339·9 516·8 592·8 454·0 313·4 (122·2–745·7) (183·1–1,169·6) (250·5–1,171·6) (185·2–984·5) (129·4–632·1)

Leprosy

0·5 0·6 0·6 0·5 0·5 (0·2–1·2) (0·2–1·2) (0·2–1·2) (0·2–1·1) (0·2–1·1)


728·8 416·6 466·8 475·5 470·4 (547·8–978·2) (319·8–562·7) (356·5–614·0) (332·6–615·1) (318·0–608·0)


37,487·2 51,395·0 60,261·7 63,837·4 65,583·4 (32,059·2–43,748·3) (44,850·0–59,381·2) (52,977·2–67,903·1) (56,534·3–71,349·2) (58,217·1–73,147·2)

Neoplasms

1,588·4 2,701·9 3,124·1 3,516·1 4,688·7 (1,311·1–1,828·8) (2,239·2–3,086·9) (2,599·8–3,554·2) (3,020·5–3,925·8) (4,156·8–5,105·6)

Oesophagus cancer

10·7 25·5 42·0 72·6 – (6·0–22·0) (17·5–39·8) (28·6–61·7) (48·2–103·4)

Stomach cancer

69·3 138·0 223·1 360·0 – (27·2–129·0) (75·5–211·9) (147·1–299·7) (251·1–476·6)

Liver cancer

68·5 129·4 236·5 365·0 555·4 (44·0–109·8) (90·3–195·2) (163·1–344·1) (267·8–529·4) (411·9–768·9)


23·5 53·3 104·9 167·6 259·5 (15·0–38·7) (36·3–82·8) (69·4–155·3) (118·7–247·8) (187·5–366·8)


3·0 6·4 11·4 17·6 26·3 (1·9–4·7) (4·5–9·5) (8·1–16·3) (13·0–25·1) (20·0–35·5)


6·7 33·0 71·0 128·6 – (4·7–10·3) (22·3–48·7) (51·5–106·1) (95·2–182·5)

Other liver cancer

42·0 63·0 87·2 108·9 141·0 (27·1–67·4) (44·5–95·4) (61·5–123·5) (80·7–154·9) (107·3–193·9)

Larynx cancer

5·0 9·2 9·7 21·5 – (2·3–11·1) (4·7–17·8) (4·9–17·7) (10·6–39·9)

Trachea, bronchus and lung cancers

52·4 113·4 174·7 315·6 – (34·4–68·5) (70·9–150·8) (117·3–228·1) (224·1–399·6)

Breast cancer

13·3 47·2 142·2 379·8 – (10·9–16·6) (38·3–58·7) (119·3–168·0) (339·0–428·2)

Cervical cancer

12·0 47·0 127·3 264·1 – (7·6–19·3) (28·8–68·7) (79·6–178·6) (155·3–362·1)

Uterine cancer

5·6 7·6 11·4 18·5 – (2·6–10·1) (3·3–12·2) (5·2–17·4) (7·8–26·6)

20


Cause






Prostate cancer

4·8 6·5 5·3 5·8 – (2·3–8·7) (3·3–12·0) (2·6–8·7) (3·0–10·1)

Colon and rectum cancers

59·5 147·7 229·5 316·3 – (45·9–71·9) (113·5–178·5) (188·6–271·9) (269·2–374·6)

Mouth cancer

24·8 38·2 63·7 97·8 – (15·6–40·7) (24·8–60·5) (40·7–94·9) (65·2–136·2)

Nasopharynx cancer

26·0 44·8 52·4 59·0 76·2 (16·3–41·5) (24·0–78·4) (29·7–91·7) (30·7–111·4) (43·8–132·8)

Cancer of other part of pharynx and oropharynx

21·5 27·2 43·1 70·9 – (11·1–44·6) (13·5–59·5) (20·4–93·9) (32·5–168·1)

Gallbladder and biliary tract cancer

20·2 34·5 43·6 60·4 – (4·0–66·5) (7·6–112·8) (8·8–178·6) (17·4–176·1)

Pancreas cancer

18·4 27·6 38·8 66·7 – (7·5–48·9) (13·3–52·3) (22·5–62·9) (43·5–98·9)

Malignant melanoma of skin

12·1 22·8 33·2 46·3 – (7·2–20·5) (14·7–37·5) (21·2–49·6) (30·7–72·1)

Non-melanoma skin cancer

8·5 12·4 17·3 20·2 – (4·5–12·6) (6·7–17·4) (9·6–24·7) (11·1–29·5)

Ovary cancer

59·7 71·4 78·0 108·6 – (38·0–87·3) (45·5–97·6) (53·1–106·7) (70·0–141·4)

Testis cancer

23·1 48·8 50·2 41·4 – (12·7–33·9) (29·8–69·5) (29·7–69·3) (25·9–57·4)

Kidney and other urinary organ cancers

28·4 31·4 35·8 35·3 43·7 (13·9–57·9) (14·1–90·9) (19·1–70·6) (20·5–60·8) (27·4–70·3)

Bladder cancer

10·8 16·1 19·5 33·0 – (8·0–13·8) (11·7–20·1) (15·3–24·6) (24·8–41·7)

Brain and nervous system cancers

219·4 204·2 212·1 229·6 281·1 (127·6–288·7) (106·5–280·0) (118·0–280·9) (135·0–310·9) (166·3–364·4)

Thyroid cancer

12·6 12·5 16·4 16·2 22·6 (5·8–26·8) (7·5–20·8) (10·6–26·1) (11·2–22·3) (16·2–31·1)

Hodgkin's disease

26·7 38·7 56·1 60·4 53·7 (16·9–39·7) (24·5–56·8) (36·6–81·0) (38·7–87·9) (35·4–79·0)

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

216·2 290·1 287·5 241·0 250·8 (140·9–307·8) (203·5–392·5) (208·6–372·5) (183·7–296·8) (188·6–314·0)

Multiple myeloma

18·4 16·4 14·0 15·1 – (7·0–44·1) (6·9–36·0) (6·8–28·8) (8·6–24·4)

Leukemia

616·0 790·5 700·9 548·6 462·4 (479·5–761·1) (601·9–964·0) (516·7–864·7) (413·8–669·1) (351·7–581·0)

Other neoplasms

374·6 710·2 668·8 594·4 628·2 (248·1–515·5) (465·3–958·5) (434·9–899·2) (380·1–808·9) (414·2–851·4)

Cardiovascular and circulatory diseases

1,509·7 2,766·7 4,020·2 4,696·1 5,988·4 (1,285·1–1,775·5) (2,383·9–3,115·1) (3,588·2–4,454·7) (4,191·1–5,186·3) (5,335·8–6,606·7)

21


Cause






Rheumatic heart disease

339·7 477·6 545·5 600·1 612·4 (267·3–430·3) (389·9–585·4) (445·1–661·9) (496·5–741·1) (503·2–744·7)

Ischemic heart disease

268·5 732·1 1,327·8 1,690·7 2,476·9 (191·9–376·5) (574·6–932·5) (1,095·5–1,608·1) (1,437·1–1,985·1) (2,121·9–2,905·1)

Cerebrovascular disease

339·3 629·2 1,004·8 1,148·0 1,476·7 (251·1–432·0) (490·1–756·5) (791·3–1,190·4) (914·0–1,343·3) (1,201·3–1,686·5)

Ischemic stroke

55·3 97·7 152·9 188·5 253·8 (47·2–64·8) (83·6–111·6) (124·9–184·0) (158·3–222·2) (217·2–292·2)

Hemorrhagic and other non-ischemic stroke

284·0 531·5 851·9 959·6 1,222·9 (200·9–396·0) (381·8–680·9) (659·8–1,032·1) (755·6–1,170·0) (992·8–1,461·9)

Hypertensive heart disease

40·4 93·2 150·0 190·3 249·4 (30·8–50·9) (70·9–118·7) (112·5–185·9) (149·5–237·6) (196·1–312·8)

Cardiomyopathy and myocarditis

167·8 283·2 352·5 412·4 447·7 (128·1–221·5) (222·5–361·2) (286·0–437·7) (338·3–500·4) (374·4–543·1)

Atrial fibrillation and flutter

17·6 20·4 22·0 24·4 38·4 (11·2–25·3) (13·2–29·5) (14·6–32·5) (15·9–35·0) (27·4–51·5)

Aortic aneurysm

23·1 31·6 37·7 49·9 – (13·2–36·1) (19·7–52·9) (25·4–56·3) (32·8–80·3)

Peripheral vascular disease


Cause






Cirrhosis of the liver secondary to alcohol use

18·7 102·3 256·5 538·1 – (14·1–26·2) (80·0–141·5) (201·0–331·0) (426·1–705·2)

Other cirrhosis of the liver

147·6 161·9 238·9 322·4 443·1 (101·2–239·3) (127·1–220·1) (193·2–308·0) (262·1–401·8) (366·4–547·6)

Digestive diseases (except cirrhosis)

721·5 1,225·1 1,549·8 1,563·8 1,742·8 (594·3–862·1) (1,018·8–1,473·5) (1,288·9–1,816·5) (1,332·1–1,837·2) (1,462·6–2,043·3)

Peptic ulcer disease

93·2 239·5 339·2 336·4 405·3 (60·6–144·4) (153·0–375·7) (234·5–472·5) (241·7–460·1) (298·0–555·7)

Gastritis and duodenitis

20·9 123·0 104·0 110·5 116·6 (14·7–30·0) (76·4–199·5) (67·4–164·7) (70·7–175·6) (77·4–180·7)

Appendicitis

77·0 83·1 90·1 82·3 75·0 (56·6–110·6) (56·9–119·6) (59·7–127·8) (53·6–119·9) (47·5–108·5)

Paralytic ileus and intestinal obstruction without hernia

78·3 112·2 156·2 149·0 169·9 (52·3–126·6) (80·5–161·1) (106·7–221·4) (100·0–208·0) (118·8–242·6)

Inguinal/femoral hernia

17·6 18·0 22·2 25·1 28·8 (10·1–30·4) (11·1–30·2) (14·0–38·1) (15·5–43·2) (17·9–47·7)

Noninfective inflammatory bowel disease

199·0 214·5 216·4 189·8 176·7 (147·4–267·3) (160·6–287·7) (160·9–283·1) (145·0–243·3) (135·4–227·8)

Vascular disorders of intestine

7·1 9·6 12·7 15·8 17·7 (2·6–15·4) (3·6–19·4) (4·7–25·4) (5·5–39·8) (6·8–41·1)

Gall bladder and bile duct disease

26·5 49·2 75·9 84·5 97·2 (19·1–37·9) (37·2–66·9) (58·8–99·3) (66·7–110·1) (77·2–123·3)

Pancreatitis

16·5 47·2 96·1 149·0 186·2 (11·7–21·8) (32·4–67·4) (69·5–127·7) (104·8–204·1) (136·5–254·1)

Other digestive diseases

185·4 328·7 436·8 421·3 469·4 (137·5–263·3) (241·6–469·8) (329·5–622·6) (320·7–579·8) (355·4–665·8)

Neurological disorders

3,224·0 5,233·5 5,942·9 5,280·3 4,735·0 (2,657·4–3,837·9) (4,223·0–6,314·6) (4,801·7–7,247·6) (4,289·4–6,409·5) (3,812·4–5,728·9)

Alzheimer's disease and other dementias

44·6 39·8 41·1 33·8 37·1 (27·9–69·6) (29·2–54·9) (28·7–61·2) (24·0–47·1) (26·5–51·1)

Parkinson's disease

17·2 15·1 13·1 – – (10·8–25·3) (9·3–21·6) (8·8–17·5)

Epilepsy

1,252·2 1,635·6 1,796·0 1,564·7 1,286·8 (1,021·6–1,473·1) (1,334·8–1,900·4) (1,454·8–2,116·9) (1,291·4–1,847·7) (1,060·5–1,490·9)

Multiple sclerosis

2·4 7·1 30·5 63·1 93·2 (1·1–4·7) (4·0–11·3) (22·6–40·0) (49·4–80·1) (73·8–114·4)

Migraine

1,205·0 2,489·1 2,977·5 2,682·8 2,375·3 (765·8–1,685·2) (1,590·0–3,468·2) (1,915·0–4,127·4) (1,729·3–3,713·0) (1,532·5–3,311·5)

Tension-type headache

61·6 139·9 202·5 207·2 190·1 (36·2–99·1) (82·2–223·7) (119·6–320·9) (122·8–328·8) (112·9–302·0)

Other neurological disorders

658·2 922·0 878·1 713·6 739·5 (397·0–1,057·8) (587·0–1,478·9) (557·7–1,385·7) (447·9–1,157·3) (454·5–1,275·8)

23


Cause






Mental and behavioral disorders

11,350·5 16,886·4 21,068·0 21,655·2 19,559·2 (9,063·3–13,858·6) (13,707·8–20,376·0) (17,267·4–24,821·8) (17,968·2–25,465·2) (16,255·1–22,979·1)

Schizophrenia

30·1 327·6 1,004·1 1,687·8 1,990·7 (16·7–45·8) (203·8–457·9) (634·4–1,385·7) (1,082·0–2,290·8) (1,273·7–2,713·1)

Alcohol use disorders

257·9 1,456·8 1,963·7 1,845·6 1,704·0 (176·8–354·9) (984·7–2,022·0) (1,345·8–2,709·5) (1,300·4–2,496·1) (1,217·9–2,280·7)

Drug use disorders

129·1 1,530·9 4,299·4 4,494·3 3,165·6 (85·5–194·6) (1,118·1–2,017·8) (3,237·7–5,490·5) (3,345·3–5,726·9) (2,358·8–4,073·1)

Opioid use disorders

19·2 297·2 1,821·2 2,226·3 1,567·6 (12·3–34·5) (219·4–383·3) (1,335·7–2,329·0) (1,659·5–2,823·9) (1,181·3–1,978·5)

Cocaine use disorders

0·2 40·1 283·8 326·0 186·3 (0·1–0·2) (23·0–62·4) (166·3–437·1) (192·4–503·2) (108·1–289·6)

Amphetamine use disorders

46·5 354·7 538·7 521·5 407·8 (25·1–72·6) (199·7–552·6) (300·7–846·3) (294·6–806·6) (229·6–642·9)

Cannabis use disorders


Cause






Idiopathic intellectual disability

164·3 156·2 140·5 113·9 88·0 (93·2–261·7) (89·0–252·5) (78·8–225·1) (63·0–184·5) (47·8–144·0)

Other mental and behavioral disorders

107·6 114·0 99·6 86·1 75·6 (65·6–166·9) (71·3–173·6) (63·5–151·8) (55·0–126·9) (49·5–111·8)

Diabetes, urogenital, blood, and endocrine diseases

2,824·9 3,301·4 4,697·9 5,281·9 5,671·2 (2,279·1–3,578·0) (2,774·0–4,067·8) (3,840·2–5,868·7) (4,235·7–6,813·6) (4,617·9–7,202·9)

Diabetes mellitus

368·4 529·9 756·6 1,001·5 1,392·5 (275·1–486·4) (410·3–681·2) (590·0–966·3) (799·1–1,235·0) (1,112·5–1,733·4)

Acute glomerulonephritis

166·8 216·0 201·4 189·8 172·2 (68·3–381·2) (77·8–608·5) (85·6–509·5) (70·2–548·5) (69·6–472·5)

Chronic kidney diseases

302·0 504·4 798·1 776·1 829·8 (227·2–404·2) (413·5–604·2) (661·7–940·3) (669·0–888·9) (709·7–960·8)

Chronic kidney disease due to diabetes mellitus

0·3 1·4 35·9 68·6 104·7 (0·1–0·5) (0·8–2·8) (29·2–43·3) (57·1–80·8) (88·5–123·6)

Chronic kidney disease due to hypertension

45·0 82·0 141·9 149·1 175·3 (33·1–61·7) (67·0–99·0) (116·9–168·7) (126·6–172·6) (151·8–203·4)

Chronic kidney disease unspecified

256·7 421·1 620·3 558·5 549·7 (194·0–342·8) (344·3–504·4) (512·0–733·6) (481·0–643·1) (473·1–644·4)

Urinary diseases and male infertility

74·6 142·8 229·6 306·4 414·4 (57·6–101·2) (107·6–202·3) (178·7–311·8) (238·3–420·6) (318·1–558·4)

Tubulointerstitial nephritis, pyelonephritis, and urinary tract infections

37·8 68·6 92·3 94·9 98·7 (26·0–50·0) (46·8–90·4) (63·2–120·1) (66·5–125·4) (68·7–126·2)

Urolithiasis

10·6 19·9 35·6 50·4 63·7 (6·2–25·6) (12·8–60·9) (23·9–96·5) (33·2–122·0) (43·2–136·7)

Benign prostatic hyperplasia


Cause






Premenstrual syndrome

55·0 343·2 415·6 328·6 – (2·8–146·7) (17·2–916·1) (20·9–1,111·0) (16·5–880·5)

Other gynecological diseases

95·7 104·5 92·6 80·6 – (66·3–134·2) (73·9–146·6) (66·7–127·4) (57·3–111·8)

Hemoglobinopathies and hemolytic anemias

1,458·5 1,030·6 952·2 813·2 665·3 (1,087·6–1,893·4) (813·1–1,291·8) (739·0–1,210·1) (644·9–1,019·3) (517·7–844·4)

Thalassemias

631·8 452·5 395·0 340·3 300·5 (453·9–861·1) (340·0–591·1) (298·8–519·5) (253·4–453·2) (220·1–402·1)

Sickle cell disorders

569·0 355·0 310·4 279·1 226·7 (420·9–743·7) (265·8–459·7) (237·1–399·4) (218·2–353·2) (177·2–287·2)

G6PD deficiency

29·7 20·8 17·7 15·7 13·1 (22·5–39·4) (16·3–26·9) (13·7–23·1) (12·4–20·2) (10·3–17·2)

Other hemoglobinopathies and hemolytic anemias

228·1 202·3 229·1 178·1 125·0 (158·1–333·0) (141·8–288·6) (138·6–335·4) (104·5–268·9) (78·4–182·4)

Other endocrine, nutritional, blood, and immune disorders

454·6 417·1 484·4 484·7 470·3 (330·1–619·4) (267·8–608·0) (312·0–684·1) (315·7–684·0) (312·1–667·0)

Musculoskeletal disorders

5,653·1 8,836·3 10,070·4 11,716·8 12,492·0 (3,938·0–7,595·3) (6,234·7–11,756·4) (7,286·7–13,085·7) (8,839·1–14,806·1) (9,326·7–15,996·7)

Rheumatoid arthritis

46·2 114·4 209·8 265·6 299·4 (33·8–62·0) (84·8–149·3) (155·4–275·5) (192·9–344·7) (221·4–387·3)

Osteoarthritis

46·5 – – – – (31·8–66·8)

Low back and neck pain

5,456·4 7,832·8 8,036·4 8,225·8 9,062·6 (3,754·5–7,392·6) (5,363·7–10,643·8) (5,551·2–10,819·7) (5,705·8–11,081·6) (6,280·7–12,224·8)

Low back pain

3,843·2 5,479·4 5,555·8 5,718·4 6,296·0 (2,601·0–5,325·9) (3,714·3–7,567·8) (3,761·5–7,556·9) (3,900·1–7,688·6) (4,261·9–8,499·7)

Neck pain

1,613·3 2,353·5 2,480·7 2,507·4 2,766·6 (1,117·4–2,242·1) (1,629·9–3,282·7) (1,726·5–3,450·8) (1,740·9–3,473·8) (1,926·7–3,818·7)

Gout

0·1 0·7 1·9 3·5 – (0·0–0·2) (0·4–1·2) (1·1–2·9) (2·1–5·3)

Other musculoskeletal disorders

150·4 888·9 1,823·5 3,223·4 3,080·1 (123·2–179·4) (707·0–1,032·6) (1,419·2–2,129·0) (2,773·4–3,551·1) (2,639·3–3,418·6)

Other noncommunicable diseases

5,988·4 6,220·6 5,189·6 5,012·1 4,919·1 (4,209·4–8,811·7) (4,236·7–9,461·1) (3,588·7–7,697·7) (3,478·9–7,471·0) (3,347·6–7,490·5)

Congenital anomalies

1,018·6 889·6 778·3 672·3 389·5 (819·0–1,281·4) (734·8–1,066·6) (637·8–946·8) (553·8–812·9) (324·8–460·8)

Neural tube defects

167·3 121·4 109·0 104·2 71·3 (99·4–290·2) (78·6–189·3) (72·9–155·9) (66·6–157·2) (44·8–105·6)

Congenital heart anomalies

391·6 410·1 351·3 296·5 140·1 (302·9–543·0) (332·3–514·1) (275·8–458·8) (226·7–400·7) (111·4–174·5)

Cleft lip and cleft palate

34·0 27·2 21·6 15·8 11·7 (23·7–47·0) (18·9–37·6) (15·0–30·4) (10·9–22·4) (8·0–17·3)

26


Cause






Down's syndrome

82·2 77·8 80·4 76·0 57·0 (56·8–115·7) (56·7–104·7) (58·0–110·6) (55·1–101·7) (41·8–75·7)

Other chromosomal abnormalities

43·1 35·1 37·9 33·9 23·5 (27·6–68·2) (25·1–48·9) (25·8–54·7) (23·0–50·1) (16·2–32·0)

Other congenital anomalies

300·5 217·9 178·1 145·9 85·9 (217·7–421·0) (161·3–291·3) (127·5–233·4) (104·0–196·1) (65·7–105·5)

Skin and subcutaneous diseases

3,737·4 4,089·8 2,990·7 2,471·3 2,199·6 (2,407·6–5,809·9) (2,581·2–6,568·1) (1,927·9–4,654·3) (1,625·7–3,717·4) (1,461·6–3,294·4)

Eczema

1,010·1 814·4 726·8 647·6 571·7 (510·6–1,609·7) (413·5–1,292·7) (366·3–1,149·2) (327·8–1,019·4) (290·9–899·4)

Psoriasis

35·3 50·5 67·0 74·4 78·9 (17·2–57·1) (25·2–81·3) (33·6–106·5) (36·5–119·5) (39·3–126·8)

Cellulitis

47·3 56·9 60·3 62·4 64·4 (31·1–79·9) (39·6–88·5) (43·8–87·8) (44·8–90·9) (47·2–93·1)

Abscess, impetigo, and other bacterial skin diseases

185·5 139·8 114·9 109·3 105·9 (100·4–325·1) (86·8–229·7) (78·1–176·3) (74·1–170·0) (73·3–159·0)

Scabies

135·8 122·8 122·4 113·4 102·1 (68·0–240·4) (61·4–218·5) (62·5–217·6) (58·1–202·3) (52·5–179·7)

Fungal skin diseases

267·7 201·3 123·6 132·5 136·5 (84·5–624·8) (64·0–472·6) (39·5–290·7) (42·3–313·5) (43·9–323·2)

Viral skin diseases

628·6 445·2 183·4 155·4 129·7 (270·3–1,166·2) (191·2–848·3) (79·4–338·1) (67·8–284·8) (57·0–235·8)

Acne vulgaris

760·0 1,427·9 805·8 408·8 241·4 (354·0–1,434·9) (667·5–2,697·7) (371·9–1,545·4) (192·7–782·7) (112·6–461·3)

Alopecia areata

118·6 126·0 133·1 128·6 119·0 (36·7–227·4) (39·6–240·0) (41·5–253·4) (39·9–244·8) (37·1–225·4)

Pruritus

55·9 88·4 120·2 143·0 162·4 (26·6–105·4) (41·7–167·7) (56·1–228·0) (66·8–272·0) (77·0–307·2)

Urticaria

215·1 217·1 218·8 205·5 195·5 (81·9–372·4) (81·9–375·5) (81·8–379·2) (77·8–359·0) (73·4–335·1)

Decubitus ulcer

8·0 28·0 36·6 42·7 41·1 (5·9–10·5) (20·3–37·5) (27·7–46·2) (31·1–55·4) (30·9–53·9)

Other skin and subcutaneous diseases

269·5 371·5 277·9 247·7 250·9 (124·3–498·5) (173·0–694·9) (129·5–522·3) (114·9–462·6) (116·5–468·4)

Sense organ diseases

734·7 753·9 840·1 1,101·5 1,348·5 (496·6–1,075·5) (508·5–1,125·6) (564·9–1,245·1) (748·4–1,631·9) (932·7–1,948·9)

Glaucoma

1·9 9·0 18·7 – – (0·9–3·3) (5·9–12·5) (13·6–24·9)

Cataracts

8·6 41·0 100·8 – – (5·5–12·9) (29·5–56·0) (74·9–131·4)

Macular degeneration

– – – – –

27


Cause






Refraction and accommodation disorders

190·5 161·6 106·5 124·1 159·3 (134·0–264·0) (113·8–222·6) (76·1–145·1) (90·4–167·0) (117·7–213·5)

Other hearing loss

389·7 409·2 493·0 636·6 742·1 (215·5–650·0) (230·8–690·4) (279·0–814·3) (368·4–1,063·3) (434·0–1,217·3)

Other vision loss

145·9 175·3 222·9 284·2 321·3 (94·8–227·2) (105·8–286·9) (126·8–376·4) (158·6–485·1) (176·4–554·7)

Other sense organ diseases

8·5 7·6 7·3 6·6 6·3 (2·9–19·6) (2·6–17·7) (2·5–16·2) (2·2–15·1) (2·1–14·5)

Oral disorders

497·7 487·3 580·5 767·0 981·4 (205·6–999·6) (202·4–942·6) (236·8–1,137·9) (329·4–1,478·7) (435·9–1,869·1)

Dental caries

497·7 487·2 559·2 567·3 494·0 (205·6–999·6) (202·3–942·6) (226·1–1,097·5) (231·6–1,104·7) (204·6–947·0)

Periodontal disease


Cause






Fire, heat and hot substances

570·0 1,683·2 1,970·1 1,706·0 1,436·0 (358·1–942·1) (946·9–3,176·9) (1,228·1–3,415·3) (1,009·0–2,716·9) (870·8–2,423·9)

Poisonings

245·1 648·6 986·8 908·1 801·0 (183·5–345·9) (455·7–864·0) (691·0–1,355·3) (627·0–1,282·9) (558·0–1,116·5)

Exposure to mechanical forces

432·9 949·8 1,392·2 1,276·7 1,098·7 (305·4–632·8) (665·3–1,290·5) (952·1–1,828·7) (906·8–1,640·9) (753·3–1,485·2)

Mechanical forces (firearm)

225·0 530·1 721·3 567·1 467·5 (130·4–394·5) (340·7–832·5) (449·0–1,082·9) (361·4–847·2) (307·1–693·4)

Mechanical forces (other)

219·0 439·7 699·7 745·4 667·2 (127·2–366·1) (246·3–690·3) (422·1–983·4) (457·1–1,031·4) (427·1–964·5)

Adverse effects of medical treatment

79·6 157·2 219·7 208·7 189·7 (55·0–112·6) (113·6–209·8) (163·0–295·5) (158·5–277·0) (145·6–243·6)

Animal contact

239·1 243·2 280·1 214·2 180·6 (127·5–416·2) (137·7–418·1) (165·1–467·7) (120·9–374·0) (108·9–299·1)

Animal contact (venomous)

188·3 187·4 216·6 161·4 135·2 (88·7–382·8) (90·9–386·6) (106·5–408·7) (76·5–321·2) (66·4–258·9)

Animal contact (non-venomous)

50·9 55·7 63·4 52·8 45·4 (31·7–81·5) (30·5–88·4) (36·2–98·5) (29·3–81·2) (25·6–71·1)

Unintentional injuries not classified elsewhere

523·2 1,005·1 1,465·9 1,351·8 1,210·8 (403·2–686·8) (803·4–1,260·5) (1,198·3–1,882·2) (1,113·3–1,648·7) (996·0–1,474·0)

Self-harm and interpersonal violence

1,201·0 7,314·3 10,338·2 8,901·9 6,930·6 (880·3–1,651·7) (5,754·6–9,057·7) (8,175·1–12,457·2) (7,188·1–10,692·2) (5,624·6–8,339·9)

Self-harm

743·5 4,373·8 5,500·0 4,484·5 3,615·8 (463·4–1,188·6) (3,034·2–6,086·5) (3,794·8–7,449·3) (3,213·9–5,866·1) (2,636·8–4,762·5)

Interpersonal violence

457·5 2,940·5 4,838·2 4,417·4 3,314·8 (349·2–577·3) (2,237·8–3,567·9) (3,666·5–6,065·3) (3,373·7–5,741·6) (2,489·9–4,381·1)

Assault by firearm

192·3 1,483·5 2,297·7 2,068·3 1,531·0 (132·8–257·7) (1,091·3–1,838·0) (1,823·0–2,750·9) (1,608·8–2,544·1) (1,156·2–1,931·1)

Assault by sharp object

84·5 769·1 1,413·9 1,315·0 1,011·5 (55·8–116·6) (485·1–1,049·9) (889·5–2,031·7) (835·6–1,948·3) (666·9–1,528·2)

Assault by other means

185·3 700·2 1,146·3 1,059·7 801·2 (146·6–232·2) (522·1–897·1) (870·0–1,462·4) (795·0–1,390·1) (598·2–1,056·5)

Forces of nature, war, and legal intervention

1,543·0 1,679·3 1,703·0 1,588·1 1,233·4 (683·9–4,295·6) (805·8–4,155·3) (878·7–3,882·2) (866·5–3,427·0) (714·4–2,480·3)

Exposure to forces of nature

1,476·6 1,593·6 1,607·0 1,502·4 1,155·7 (631·4–4,177·0) (745·7–4,008·0) (810·1–3,697·6) (801·9–3,265·5) (656·6–2,351·8)

Collective violence and legal intervention

66·4 85·7 95·9 85·7 77·7 (44·6–111·0) (57·1–145·9) (63·7–165·5) (57·6–145·1) (52·9–128·3)

29


Cause






All causes

129,297·4 131,203·3 134,557·8 139,205·6 144,814·6 (119,110·7–140,403·1) (120,829·1–142,427·5) (123,961·0–145,791·3) (128,853·9–150,323·6) (135,249·5–155,771·3)


33,662·8 27,206·2 23,277·4 18,433·8 15,911·9 (30,756·0–36,518·7) (24,816·6–29,933·1) (20,966·0–25,921·2) (16,446·3–20,774·0) (13,984·1–17,941·5)


17,993·4 13,708·0 10,936·3 7,078·5 5,140·2 (16,295·0–19,743·7) (12,133·3–15,464·1) (9,398·9–12,536·9) (5,811·1–8,419·9) (4,015·0–6,305·0)

Tuberculosis

4,879·1 4,459·0 4,459·1 3,944·4 3,659·9 (3,748·8–6,149·5) (3,486·2–5,540·2) (3,437·6–5,545·9) (2,988·3–4,899·3) (2,844·7–4,560·2)

HIV/AIDS

13,114·4 9,248·9 6,477·2 3,134·1 1,480·2 (11,957·5–14,288·7) (8,188·6–10,373·2) (5,447·8–7,502·9) (2,511·9–4,009·1) (883·6–2,125·0)

HIV disease resulting in mycobacterial infection

2,313·1 1,609·8 1,143·3 567·7 313·4 (2,096·6–2,549·3) (1,409·1–1,826·2) (944·3–1,342·9) (449·4–744·4) (195·4–441·5)

HIV disease resulting in other specified or unspecified diseases

10,801·2 7,639·1 5,333·9 2,566·4 1,166·8 (9,821·2–11,867·2) (6,725·4–8,617·7) (4,471·4–6,217·7) (2,031·2–3,272·3) (685·4–1,697·8)

Diarrhea, LRI, meningitis, and other common infectious diseases

5,907·8 5,232·9 5,287·7 5,318·9 5,394·9 (4,992·5–6,929·7) (4,385·8–6,122·9) (4,490·9–6,173·2) (4,496·5–6,227·8) (4,493·4–6,367·0)

Diarrheal diseases

1,823·5 1,554·9 1,565·5 1,486·6 1,571·4 (1,443·7–2,342·0) (1,234·6–2,031·2) (1,201·7–2,051·6) (1,163·7–1,922·4) (1,170·2–2,178·3)

Cholera

61·6 48·1 42·0 32·8 28·5 (41·5–94·0) (32·3–71·4) (27·6–65·5) (22·1–49·8) (17·8–47·0)

Other salmonella infections

148·8 116·6 109·4 96·4 91·3 (103·3–210·9) (82·7–163·7) (75·7–158·5) (66·6–137·8) (61·9–137·9)

Shigellosis

173·6 139·3 142·3 138·4 149·3 (124·7–241·1) (99·7–195·2) (99·5–204·2) (98·9–191·2) (102·7–220·0)

Enteropathogenic E coli infection

20·2 15·0 17·7 19·5 23·0 (13·5–29·4) (9·5–22·8) (11·7–25·5) (13·4–27·8) (15·5–34·2)

Enterotoxigenic E coli infection

246·5 222·3 216·2 200·1 202·2 (180·0–342·5) (160·0–303·2) (152·0–300·5) (145·4–277·1) (142·6–294·9)

Campylobacter enteritis

98·3 83·2 83·3 78·7 82·5 (67·6–139·5) (57·8–121·1) (56·2–121·7) (53·9–111·8) (54·7–131·7)

Amoebiasis

100·1 91·1 93·3 92·0 99·8 (70·3–142·4) (64·7–128·6) (65·6–133·9) (63·4–131·5) (67·0–159·8)

Cryptosporidiosis

40·2 33·1 32·2 30·1 31·2 (28·1–56·5) (23·1–46·2) (21·8–46·2) (20·8–42·8) (20·9–48·6)

Rotaviral enteritis

140·4 114·7 124·6 128·4 144·9 (97·7–198·3) (81·2–158·4) (86·3–177·9) (87·4–183·4) (97·6–232·4)

Other diarrheal diseases

793·8 691·6 704·4 670·2 718·7 (542·8–1,174·3) (491·5–994·5) (478·6–1,001·0) (466·0–979·4) (467·9–1,079·8)

Typhoid and paratyphoid fevers

486·7 359·3 255·0 176·8 118·2 (66·4–910·6) (49·0–680·2) (34·3–481·4) (24·2–332·0) (17·0–217·0)

Lower respiratory infections

2,121·6 2,023·9 2,282·3 2,487·4 2,704·4 (1,729·0–2,579·1) (1,587·3–2,479·9) (1,840·3–2,767·4) (1,975·2–3,024·8) (2,120·7–3,327·3)

30


Cause






Influenza

519·2 502·8 549·0 579·7 611·2 (424·9–627·6) (394·5–614·9) (442·5–669·3) (460·8–704·9) (480·8–754·0)


623·6 620·1 701·5 769·6 849·3 (501·8–748·6) (486·7–745·9) (569·0–842·5) (611·4–930·1) (663·2–1,029·5)


352·9 327·2 342·7 345·1 347·2 (286·2–432·4) (258·2–407·3) (277·3–415·3) (273·1–424·8) (270·7–424·5)


20·7 19·7 22·2 24·1 26·2 (16·7–25·3) (15·4–24·2) (17·8–27·1) (19·0–29·5) (20·5–32·4)


605·3 554·1 666·9 768·8 870·5 (480·0–755·9) (429·7–692·7) (525·6–834·0) (605·0–971·4) (674·4–1,101·1)


125·3 122·5 106·3 76·9 52·4 (63·1–225·5) (63·7–224·7) (53·6–187·3) (38·5–137·6) (27·9–92·7)

Otitis media

266·3 230·7 197·1 181·1 154·6 (165·4–420·6) (141·4–353·5) (121·0–310·4) (114·0–288·4) (93·4–244·5)

Meningitis

779·7 665·8 622·3 638·7 545·9 (622·4–980·0) (520·5–852·6) (493·9–770·9) (471·5–813·6) (414·2–699·2)


292·6 242·6 220·1 219·6 181·6 (229·6–377·7) (185·3–311·6) (170·1–277·5) (156·6–286·2) (134·6–249·5)


49·6 45·1 43·6 46·8 43·0 (37·6–65·3) (33·2–59·9) (32·8–55·4) (33·5–61·4) (31·3–60·4)


159·0 127·5 116·7 115·3 94·1 (125·4–196·3) (99·6–157·6) (91·9–141·4) (86·6–144·1) (71·1–120·9)

Other meningitis

277·5 249·6 241·0 256·2 226·6 (219·3–347·8) (194·3–318·3) (191·6–300·9) (189·2–325·0) (169·8–305·4)

Encephalitis

231·2 206·7 190·1 199·3 164·5 (156·8–365·0) (133·6–327·9) (125·0–290·0) (116·6–316·6) (98·2–268·8)

Diphtheria

0·9 0·8 1·0 1·0 0·8 (0·0–8·4) (0·0–6·5) (0·0–8·4) (0·0–8·3) (0·0–6·8)

Whooping cough

5·7 6·3 6·1 4·4 12·9 (0·2–27·9) (0·2–30·2) (0·3–29·4) (0·2–20·9) (0·8–61·2)

Tetanus

38·1 38·3 40·6 42·9 45·9 (0·5–160·2) (0·4–159·0) (0·5–170·9) (0·5–176·7) (0·5–191·2)

Measles

8·5 6·3 4·1 3·2 2·3 (3·2–19·1) (2·6–13·5) (1·8–8·4) (1·5–6·3) (1·0–4·9)

Varicella

20·0 17·6 17·5 20·6 21·4 (8·2–70·3) (8·0–50·5) (8·6–44·9) (10·3–50·0) (11·6–44·4)


2,889·1 2,649·2 2,419·3 2,218·1 2,003·6 (2,204·0–3,789·4) (1,980·2–3,527·2) (1,853·6–3,157·7) (1,703·8–2,953·7) (1,510·1–2,685·6)

Malaria

1,477·3 1,340·7 1,177·0 1,131·3 1,023·6 (925·6–2,315·7) (855·3–2,035·1) (759·0–1,841·1) (735·9–1,789·1) (636·8–1,651·4)

Chagas disease

26·7 37·1 49·3 59·0 70·5 (12·0–55·8) (16·6–85·5) (21·8–118·8) (27·2–131·9) (32·7–146·0)

31


Cause






Leishmaniasis

125·9 112·5 96·2 77·9 61·1 (80·2–185·6) (72·4–167·1) (62·1–140·4) (51·1–112·5) (40·2–87·6)


32·7 22·9 17·5 11·9 6·4 (4·6–103·2) (3·1–72·0) (2·3–54·8) (1·7–36·7) (1·0–19·7)

Schistosomiasis

182·5 158·9 141·1 127·6 117·0 (89·3–347·4) (74·4–324·7) (63·3–321·0) (54·8–309·0) (46·8–332·1)

Cysticercosis

45·4 39·3 32·9 27·8 23·6 (31·3–64·0) (26·9–55·4) (23·0–45·4) (18·9–40·2) (15·7–34·5)

Echinococcosis

11·9 12·9 12·9 12·5 12·9 (5·0–25·5) (5·7–26·0) (5·7–26·4) (5·5–25·7) (5·5–27·4)

Lymphatic filariasis

214·6 184·4 238·8 201·6 164·7 (137·7–317·2) (119·5–268·9) (154·6–345·4) (131·4–293·5) (108·1–240·5)

Onchocerciasis

38·3 37·0 35·4 33·6 31·4 (28·1–50·3) (27·2–48·9) (26·5–45·5) (25·2–43·1) (23·5–40·7)

Trachoma

19·1 24·5 29·1 34·7 40·6 (12·7–27·3) (16·8–33·3) (20·2–39·3) (24·4–46·9) (29·0–54·8)

Dengue

36·2 26·5 25·3 18·9 16·4 (13·6–86·6) (10·9–53·8) (10·3–55·8) (7·7–39·1) (7·1–32·4)

Yellow fever


Cause






Obstructed labor

263·2 238·3 215·6 151·2 80·4 (170·9–420·0) (143·0–423·8) (118·9–407·1) (79·6–295·4) (41·4–152·9)

Abortion

281·4 136·6 57·3 (205·7–388·7) (102·6–185·9) (41·3–79·0) – –


667·0 387·7 228·5 (518·0–816·3) (307·8–484·0) (174·3–296·6) – –

Neonatal disorders

583·2 512·4 423·0 343·4 273·9 (436·3–737·1) (384·4–653·5) (316·2–534·5) (257·3–433·0) (208·7–345·4)


205·2 186·8 160·4 135·9 113·4 (153·9–258·6) (139·4–237·7) (119·5–203·0) (101·8–172·8) (84·5–142·3)


378·0 325·6 262·6 207·5 160·5 (270·6–495·6) (234·4–427·7) (187·6–344·2) (146·9–273·5) (115·6–212·8)


– – – – –


– – – – –


2,691·8 2,402·1 2,070·8 1,860·6 1,658·5 (2,072·3–3,479·4) (1,856·0–3,109·1) (1,626·8–2,655·3) (1,443·3–2,392·4) (1,282·2–2,131·4)

Protein-energy malnutrition

621·6 552·5 518·2 487·5 524·1 (428·1–923·0) (372·8–843·6) (364·1–748·8) (335·8–686·8) (356·3–772·3)

Iodine deficiency

328·2 282·3 237·8 197·4 160·3 (209·5–517·7) (179·8–443·5) (150·4–370·3) (125·8–311·1) (101·5–252·6)

Vitamin A deficiency

41·4 32·5 17·0 7·9 4·6 (29·8–54·9) (23·0–43·9) (11·9–23·9) (5·2–11·0) (2·9–6·9)

Iron-deficiency anemia

1,688·5 1,520·4 1,282·8 1,153·4 953·7 (1,162·0–2,420·4) (1,048·6–2,176·4) (883·2–1,828·4) (792·1–1,635·4) (657·3–1,340·3)

Other nutritional deficiencies

12·1 14·4 15·0 14·4 15·9 (8·6–16·2) (10·3–18·9) (10·6–19·1) (10·7–18·0) (12·0–19·9)

Other communicable, maternal, neonatal and nutritional di d

1,374·3 1,416·5 1,395·9 1,463·1 1,360·4 (1,073·5–1,760·6) (1,133·0–1,856·3) (1,062·9–1,936·8) (1,056·5–2,205·9) (1,021·2–1,903·2)

Sexually transmitted diseases excluding HIV

173·3 137·8 65·0 37·6 27·3 (107·3–291·8) (85·8–228·9) (46·5–91·5) (26·6–53·1) (18·2–41·2)

Syphilis

24·5 22·9 20·4 19·4 18·0 (13·0–41·0) (12·3–37·8) (10·9–33·9) (10·3–31·8) (9·5–29·4)

Sexually transmitted chlamydial diseases

60·6 43·3 16·2 4·8 2·0 (31·9–106·0) (22·8–75·5) (9·6–26·6) (3·5–6·9) (1·4–3·2)

Gonococcal infection

39·6 28·8 10·6 3·0 1·5 (21·2–70·2) (15·6–51·0) (6·6–17·1) (2·2–4·4) (1·0–2·4)

Trichomoniasis

14·1 8·8 4·4 1·4 0·8 (0·0–41·3) (0·0–25·5) (0·0–13·1) (0·0–4·1) (0·0–2·5)

Other sexually transmitted diseases

34·6 34·0 13·4 9·1 5·0 (23·2–53·0) (21·0–56·9) (9·7–19·0) (6·7–13·5) (3·6–7·7)

33


Cause






Hepatitis

763·5 877·6 926·0 1,011·5 919·3 (531·4–1,140·6) (630·4–1,301·3) (626·8–1,465·0) (653·9–1,750·5) (618·3–1,415·4)

Acute hepatitis A

225·7 291·7 305·1 351·8 321·8 (92·4–602·6) (113·9–750·9) (109·7–784·8) (126·9–987·0) (123·6–809·6)

Acute hepatitis B

275·2 415·6 528·1 569·0 528·0 (171·1–448·7) (260·7–643·0) (295·3–924·9) (338·0–1,058·2) (299·3–898·8)

Acute hepatitis C

44·2 58·4 66·7 71·8 57·4 (26·1–72·7) (34·0–111·3) (42·1–107·1) (42·8–126·8) (36·0–93·0)

Acute hepatitis E

218·4 111·9 26·1 18·8 12·1 (91·0–441·4) (38·8–246·0) (5·8–74·3) (4·8–49·9) (3·3–30·8)

Leprosy

0·5 0·4 0·4 0·3 0·3 (0·2–1·0) (0·2–0·9) (0·2–0·8) (0·1–0·7) (0·1–0·6)


437·0 400·7 404·5 413·6 413·4 (293·0–575·4) (277·5–537·4) (272·5–558·9) (269·8–588·9) (274·5–586·8)


74,178·5 84,673·8 94,338·7 105,938·7 116,413·1 (66,487·6–82,319·2) (76,401·1–93,320·7) (85,924·6–103,081·1) (97,605·3–114,892·4) (108,055·4–125,184·1)

Neoplasms

7,381·2 11,444·4 15,902·9 21,023·2 25,551·9 (6,717·2–8,082·8) (10,503·1–12,426·8) (14,736·2–17,081·5) (19,414·7–22,608·1) (23,378·3–27,482·7)

Oesophagus cancer

176·9 425·5 746·7 1,198·5 1,563·2 (123·2–249·9) (292·9–635·2) (517·8–1,014·8) (808·2–1,523·9) (1,042·0–1,984·1)

Stomach cancer

591·7 956·4 1,298·8 1,774·0 2,339·5 (430·8–806·9) (719·6–1,300·7) (968·7–1,730·8) (1,297·4–2,335·2) (1,607·2–3,070·6)

Liver cancer

1,033·3 1,573·1 2,011·9 2,474·5 2,965·0 (758·6–1,452·4) (1,188·8–2,253·5) (1,585·8–2,712·1) (1,977·4–3,096·5) (2,387·0–3,784·6)


497·9 770·9 975·6 1,192·3 1,434·7 (355·9–721·6) (558·8–1,129·3) (750·2–1,363·3) (919·1–1,530·5) (1,128·2–1,894·7)


66·8 170·0 308·6 484·0 693·4 (50·3–90·3) (130·6–235·2) (250·8–402·6) (387·2–600·3) (572·3–856·1)


247·5 353·5 428·6 503·7 568·8 (181·0–344·7) (266·0–493·0) (338·1–580·5) (406·9–628·6) (461·7–718·1)

Other liver cancer

221·0 278·7 299·1 294·6 268·1 (163·6–310·5) (212·1–387·8) (241·5–388·7) (236·8–364·8) (218·6–340·1)

Larynx cancer

46·4 128·8 235·9 366·1 399·7 (23·6–79·6) (67·3–216·9) (121·1–410·6) (195�

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Supplementary appendix · Appendix to Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and...

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