Supplements

IntroductionIntroductionIn today’s world of sports and In today’s world of sports and

athletics, the pressure to compete athletics, the pressure to compete and succeed as well as just to and succeed as well as just to keep up with your competition keep up with your competition has caused an enormous influx of has caused an enormous influx of dietary supplements into the dietary supplements into the marketplace. These dietary marketplace. These dietary supplements are effective at supplements are effective at improving strength and speed, improving strength and speed, gaining muscle mass, increasing gaining muscle mass, increasing energy and cutting weight at a energy and cutting weight at a quick pace. However, the quick pace. However, the potential side effects from these potential side effects from these dietary supplements are extremely dietary supplements are extremely dangerous and have even caused dangerous and have even caused death in several professional death in several professional (Korey Stringer, Steve Bechler) (Korey Stringer, Steve Bechler) and high school athletes looking and high school athletes looking to improve their performance.to improve their performance.

IntroductionIntroductionIt is estimated that virtually all college It is estimated that virtually all college

and professional athletes as well and professional athletes as well as a fair amount of high school as a fair amount of high school athletes take some form of a athletes take some form of a dietary supplement. In 2002, the dietary supplement. In 2002, the legal, over the counter dietary legal, over the counter dietary supplement business grossed supplement business grossed approximately $17.7 billion in approximately $17.7 billion in business. The problem with business. The problem with supplements is that they have not supplements is that they have not had to under go the scrutiny of the had to under go the scrutiny of the FDA. They have not been FDA. They have not been subjected to clinical trials, there is subjected to clinical trials, there is little known about their chemical little known about their chemical composition, their future side composition, their future side effects or even how much they effects or even how much they could improve your athletic could improve your athletic performance. Currently, these performance. Currently, these products are only scrutinized by products are only scrutinized by the FDA if they can be proven to the FDA if they can be proven to cause harm.cause harm.

IntroductionIntroductionThe current trends for dietary The current trends for dietary

supplement use have many boys supplement use have many boys taking them for the purposes of taking them for the purposes of gaining strength, adding muscle gaining strength, adding muscle and increasing their speed while and increasing their speed while the girls have primarily taken these the girls have primarily taken these supplements to lose weight. These supplements to lose weight. These supplements cone in many forms: supplements cone in many forms: gum, candy bars, gel, drinks, and gum, candy bars, gel, drinks, and powders. In years past if an powders. In years past if an individual wanted to gain any sort of individual wanted to gain any sort of performance enhancer, they would performance enhancer, they would have to meet the local steroid have to meet the local steroid dealer in the back alley behind the dealer in the back alley behind the gym but now there is a wide variety gym but now there is a wide variety of of supplements available at any of of supplements available at any vitamin center, the grocery store or vitamin center, the grocery store or a GNC.a GNC.

EphedraEphedra Stimulates the body’s Stimulates the body’s

cardiovascular system and cardiovascular system and central nervous systems which central nervous systems which help burn fat off.help burn fat off.

Found in:Found in: Weight loss, energy Weight loss, energy boosting and body building boosting and body building product including Stacker 2, product including Stacker 2, Metabolife 356, and Hydroxycut.Metabolife 356, and Hydroxycut.

Risks:Risks: can cause elevated blood can cause elevated blood pressure. When taken in pressure. When taken in excessive doses or people with excessive doses or people with certain medical conditions, car certain medical conditions, car result in cardiac arrhythmia, result in cardiac arrhythmia, heart attack, seizure or stroke.heart attack, seizure or stroke.

Banned by:Banned by: NFL, NCAA, NFL, NCAA, Olympic committee.Olympic committee.

**Ephedra can cause the heart **Ephedra can cause the heart to pump at such a high rate it to pump at such a high rate it will give out.will give out.

SynephrineSynephrine ....an extract taken from orange peel an extract taken from orange peel

and used as a substitute for and used as a substitute for ephedra; sometimes call bitter ephedra; sometimes call bitter orange. Also aids the body in orange. Also aids the body in burning off fatburning off fat..

Found in:Found in: Weight loss, energy Weight loss, energy boosting and body building products boosting and body building products markedas “ephedra free” including markedas “ephedra free” including Stacker 2 Ephedra Free, Xenadrine Stacker 2 Ephedra Free, Xenadrine EFX, Ephedra Free and Metabolife EFX, Ephedra Free and Metabolife Ephedra Free.Ephedra Free.

Risks:Risks: Could cause an athlete to test Could cause an athlete to test positive for Ephedra as well as some positive for Ephedra as well as some similar effects as Ephedra.similar effects as Ephedra.

Banned:Banned: NCAA NCAA

““Andro”Andro” ……stimulates the body’s production of stimulates the body’s production of

testosterone which is used to testosterone which is used to increase lean muscle mass.increase lean muscle mass.

Found in: Found in: Andro 100 Poppers plus Andro 100 Poppers plus most supplement companies make most supplement companies make their own version of an Andro their own version of an Andro product.product.

Risks:Risks: Can produce side effects Can produce side effects similar to anabolic steroids: breast similar to anabolic steroids: breast enlargement and testicular atrophy in enlargement and testicular atrophy in men; breast shrinkage and and men; breast shrinkage and and deepened voice in women; growth deepened voice in women; growth retardation in teens.retardation in teens.

Banned by:Banned by: NBA, NFL, NCAA, NBA, NFL, NCAA, Olympic committee.Olympic committee.

Human Growth Human Growth Hormone BoosterHormone Booster

……chemical equivalent of hGH ( a chemical equivalent of hGH ( a substance made by the pituitary substance made by the pituitary gland for growth and cell repair) gland for growth and cell repair) taken by individuals who are taken by individuals who are looking to increase their looking to increase their strength.strength.

Found in:Found in: Ultimate hGH and Ultimate hGH and Secretagogue-One which Secretagogue-One which contain amino acids that in turn contain amino acids that in turn help the body to release more help the body to release more hGH.hGH.

Risks: Risks: High levels of hGH can High levels of hGH can damage heart and liver. It can damage heart and liver. It can cause the jaw, forehead, hands cause the jaw, forehead, hands and feet to grow. May cause and feet to grow. May cause diabetes.diabetes.

Banned by: Banned by: NFL, NCAA, NFL, NCAA, Olympic committeeOlympic committee

CreatineCreatine ……a natural compound created a natural compound created

from 3 amino acids which is from 3 amino acids which is produced by theliver and kidney produced by theliver and kidney and used by the muscles as an and used by the muscles as an energy source. Often taken to energy source. Often taken to improve workouts and and build improve workouts and and build strength.strength.

Found in:Found in: Supplements Supplements designed to increase muscle designed to increase muscle mass and build strength and mass and build strength and endurance. All major dietary endurance. All major dietary supplement companies make supplement companies make their version of a creatine their version of a creatine product. It is also found in red product. It is also found in red meat and fish.meat and fish.

Risks:Risks: Can cause dehydration, Can cause dehydration, stomach cramps and muscle stomach cramps and muscle and ligament tears.and ligament tears.

Banned by:Banned by: NONE NONE

CaffeineCaffeine ……stimulant which causes stimulant which causes

temporary alertness.temporary alertness.

Found in: Found in: Coffee, tea, chocolate, Coffee, tea, chocolate, colas, energy drinks such as colas, energy drinks such as Red Bull. It is also found in Red Bull. It is also found in some supplements and drinks some supplements and drinks such as SoBe Sports System such as SoBe Sports System drinks that contain guarana, a drinks that contain guarana, a caffeine rich plant.caffeine rich plant.

Risks: Risks: mildly addictive, in mildly addictive, in extremely large quantities can extremely large quantities can effect the heart.effect the heart.

Banned by:Banned by: NCAA, Olympic NCAA, Olympic committee( in amounts roughly committee( in amounts roughly equivalent to consuming 8 cups equivalent to consuming 8 cups of coffee in a 2 hr time.)of coffee in a 2 hr time.)