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Supporting Information · MinSu Kim,†‡a,b R. K. Mishra,† a Ramesh Manda,a G. Murali,a...

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Supporting Information A reduced graphene oxide (RGO) enriched polymer network for highly- enhanced electro-optic performance of a liquid crystalline blue phase MinSu Kim, †‡a,b R. K. Mishra, † a Ramesh Manda, a G. Murali, a Tae-Hyung Kim, c Myong-Hoon Lee, c Minhee Yun, d Sudarshan Kundu, e Byoung-Suhk Kim, f and Seung Hee Lee *a a. Applied Materials Institute for BIN Convergence, Department of BIN Convergence Technology and Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Korea. b. Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA. c. Graduate School of Flexible & Printable Electronics Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Korea. d. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. e. Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Korea. f. Department of Organic Materials & Fiber Engineering and Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Korea. * Prof. Seung Hee Lee, [email protected]; Tel: +82-63-270-2343. † These authors contributed equally to this work. ‡ Current affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA. †Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI) available: Polarizing optical micrographes and electro-optic characterization of various concentration of RGO. See DOI: 10.1039/x0xx00000x * Correspondence to Prof. Seung Hee Lee, [email protected], Tel: +82-63-270-2343 Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for RSC Advances. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017
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Page 1: Supporting Information · MinSu Kim,†‡a,b R. K. Mishra,† a Ramesh Manda,a G. Murali,a Tae-Hyung Kim,c Myong-Hoon Lee,c Minhee Yun,d Sudarshan Kundu,e Byoung-Suhk Kim,f and Seung

Supporting Information

A reduced graphene oxide (RGO) enriched polymer network for highly-enhanced electro-optic performance of a liquid crystalline blue phase

MinSu Kim,†‡a,b R. K. Mishra,† a Ramesh Manda,a G. Murali,a Tae-Hyung Kim,c Myong-Hoon Lee,c Minhee Yun,d Sudarshan Kundu,e Byoung-Suhk Kim,f and Seung Hee Lee*a

a. Applied Materials Institute for BIN Convergence, Department of BIN Convergence Technology and Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Korea.b. Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA.c. Graduate School of Flexible & Printable Electronics Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Korea.d. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.e. Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Korea.f. Department of Organic Materials & Fiber Engineering and Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Korea.

* Prof. Seung Hee Lee, [email protected]; Tel: +82-63-270-2343. † These authors contributed equally to this work.‡ Current affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.†Electronic Supplementary Information (ESI) available: Polarizing optical micrographes and electro-optic characterization of various concentration of RGO. See DOI: 10.1039/x0xx00000x

*Correspondence to Prof. Seung Hee Lee, [email protected], Tel: +82-63-270-2343

Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for RSC Advances.This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017

Page 2: Supporting Information · MinSu Kim,†‡a,b R. K. Mishra,† a Ramesh Manda,a G. Murali,a Tae-Hyung Kim,c Myong-Hoon Lee,c Minhee Yun,d Sudarshan Kundu,e Byoung-Suhk Kim,f and Seung

Fig. S1. POM images of polymer stabilized blue phase liquid crystal (PSBP) at temperatures (a) 71.8 C, (b) 71.9 C, (c) 72.5 C, (d) 73.1 C, (e) 81.0 C, (f) 82.0 C and (g) 82.1 C, respectively. Scale bar is 50 m.

Page 3: Supporting Information · MinSu Kim,†‡a,b R. K. Mishra,† a Ramesh Manda,a G. Murali,a Tae-Hyung Kim,c Myong-Hoon Lee,c Minhee Yun,d Sudarshan Kundu,e Byoung-Suhk Kim,f and Seung

Fig. S2. POM images of PSBP-RGO-0.1wt% at (a) 70.9 C, (b) 71.0 C, (c) 71.1 C, (d) 74.1 C, (e) 76.1 C, (f) 82.1 C and (g) 82.2 C. Scale bar is 50 m.

Page 4: Supporting Information · MinSu Kim,†‡a,b R. K. Mishra,† a Ramesh Manda,a G. Murali,a Tae-Hyung Kim,c Myong-Hoon Lee,c Minhee Yun,d Sudarshan Kundu,e Byoung-Suhk Kim,f and Seung

Fig. S3. POM images of PSBP-RGO-0.2wt% at temperatures (a) 70.4 C, (b) 70.6 C, (c) 71.0 C, (d) 78.5 C, (e) 81.5 C, (f) 82.2 C and (g) 82.3 C, respectively. Scale bar is 50 m.

Page 5: Supporting Information · MinSu Kim,†‡a,b R. K. Mishra,† a Ramesh Manda,a G. Murali,a Tae-Hyung Kim,c Myong-Hoon Lee,c Minhee Yun,d Sudarshan Kundu,e Byoung-Suhk Kim,f and Seung

Fig. S4. Measured (a) V-T curves, and (b) the response times of PSBP cell at 74 C. Insets in (a, b) shows POM images in voltage on and off states at operating voltage 60 Vrms.

Page 6: Supporting Information · MinSu Kim,†‡a,b R. K. Mishra,† a Ramesh Manda,a G. Murali,a Tae-Hyung Kim,c Myong-Hoon Lee,c Minhee Yun,d Sudarshan Kundu,e Byoung-Suhk Kim,f and Seung

Fig. S5. Measured (a) V-T curves, and (b) the response times of PSBP-RGO-0.05wt% cell at 74 C. Insets are POM images in voltage on and off states at operating voltage 53 Vrms.

Page 7: Supporting Information · MinSu Kim,†‡a,b R. K. Mishra,† a Ramesh Manda,a G. Murali,a Tae-Hyung Kim,c Myong-Hoon Lee,c Minhee Yun,d Sudarshan Kundu,e Byoung-Suhk Kim,f and Seung

Fig. S6. Measured (a) V-T curves, and (b) the response times of PSBP-RGO-0.1wt% cell at 74 C. Insets are POM images in voltage on and off states at operating voltage 48 Vrms.

Page 8: Supporting Information · MinSu Kim,†‡a,b R. K. Mishra,† a Ramesh Manda,a G. Murali,a Tae-Hyung Kim,c Myong-Hoon Lee,c Minhee Yun,d Sudarshan Kundu,e Byoung-Suhk Kim,f and Seung

Fig. S7. Measured (a) V-T curves, and (b) the response times of PSBP-RGO-0.2wt% cell at 74 C. Insets in (a, b) shows POM images in voltage on and off states at operating voltage 41 Vrms.

Page 9: Supporting Information · MinSu Kim,†‡a,b R. K. Mishra,† a Ramesh Manda,a G. Murali,a Tae-Hyung Kim,c Myong-Hoon Lee,c Minhee Yun,d Sudarshan Kundu,e Byoung-Suhk Kim,f and Seung

Fig. S8. POM images of (a) PSBP, (b) PSBP-RGO-0.05wt%, and (c) PSBP-RGO-0.2wt% cells during switching on-off at operating voltages 60 Vrms, 53 Vrms and 41 Vrms, respectively. Scale bar is 50 m.

Page 10: Supporting Information · MinSu Kim,†‡a,b R. K. Mishra,† a Ramesh Manda,a G. Murali,a Tae-Hyung Kim,c Myong-Hoon Lee,c Minhee Yun,d Sudarshan Kundu,e Byoung-Suhk Kim,f and Seung

Fig. S9. Characterization of the synthesized RGO: (a) TEM; (b) HR-TEM images; (c) SAED pattern; (d) XRD spectrum; (e) XPS spectrum (C1s peak). Scale bars are (a) 200 nm; (b) 10 nm. Molecular structure of the chiral dopants and pre-polymers: (f) SRM-17; (g) SRM-3; (h) RM-257.


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