Surge Guard Master En

8/10/2019 Surge Guard Master En

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Elfa

GE Power Controls

Comfort Functions

Surge Protective Devices

ElfaPlusModular Devices


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Elfa

GE Power Controls

Mo

dularDevices

Comfort Functions

Surge Guard


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Elfa

GE Power Controls

Function : Protection of installation and all connected

equipment against overvoltage surges Range

* Class 1 and Class 2 devices

* Single-pole and multi-pole devices

* Plug-in and monoblock devices


Mo

dularDevices

Comfort Functions


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Elfa

GE Power Controls

Range


ModularDevices

Comfort Functions

- Class 2 (8/20s) (MOV technology)Network IT or TN-C Single Pole SPD TT or TN-S Multi Pole SPD

Un Imax / Up 2.5kV 1.8kV 1kV 2.5kV 1.8kV 1kV

230V 20kA SG SP 2 20 2 SG SP 2 20 2 SG SP 2 20 2 SG MM 2 20 2 SG MM 2 20 2 SG MM 2 20 2

45kA SG SP 2 45 2 SG SP 2 45 2 SG SP 2 45 2 SG MM 2 45 2 SG MM 2 45 2 SG MM 2 45 2

65kA SG SP 2 65 2 SG SP 2 65 2 (1)

400V 20kA SG SP 2 20 4 SG SP 2 20 4 (1) SG MM 2 20 4 SG MM 2 20 4 SG MM 2 20 4

45kA SG SP 2 45 4 (1) (1) SG MM 2 45 4

SG MM 2 45 4SG MM 2 45 4

65kA SG SP 2 65 4 (1) (1) SG MM 2 80 4 SG MM 2 80 4 (1)

Note 1: If the protection level cannot be reached by using only one SPD, appropriate cascading is necessary. Example: To pro-tect computer equipment in a facility with a high FER and a level 1 FF&V and with an IT or TN-C earthing system, according to table5 a 65kA SPD with a UP=1kV is required but not available. Therefore cascading a SG SP 2 65 2 upfront of a SG SP 2 20 2 down-stream, with a SG COIL xx in between if required would be the best solution.


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Elfa

GE Power Controls

Range

- Class 1 (10/350s) (Spark-gap technology)1-pole, 35kA

3-pole, 100kA

- Sine-Wave-Tracking module

- Series inductor coils 40 and 63A


ModularDevices

Comfort Functions


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Elfa

GE Power Controls

Features

- Terminals aligned with MCB-terminals for easy connection or PIN- or FORK-busbar- Plug-in

- Status indication

- Auxiliary contact

- Clearly marked unlosable Pozidriv terminals with big capacity (6 ... 50mm)- Powerful DIN-rail grip with easy DIN-rail extraction (same as MCB)


ModularDevices

Comfort Functions

Pad-printed product infoImaxUp at Inom

Operating voltage6-digit ordering codeWiring diagram

Family abbreviation


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Elfa

GE Power Controls

Situating the problem

SPD terminology SPD technology

Different earthing systems require different SPD s

Cascading of SPD s

Whole facility protection Correct dimensioning of the SPD and of the backup MCB

Installation guidelines

GEPC SurgeGuard SPD features and benefits


ModularDevices

Comfort Functions

SPD technical training


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Elfa

GE Power Controls

Problem - Why SPD protection

All electrical apparatus are developed according to the applicable standards

Operating voltage (within limits)

Isolation voltage Creepage distances

Normal conditions : no problem

Abnormal conditions : certain disturbances can cause electrical breakdown, resulting in

Loss of memory System lock-up UNSCHEDULED DOWNTIME Defective hardware


ModularDevice

s

Comfort Functions



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Elfa

GE Power Controls

Apparatus breakdown voltage


ModularDevice

s

Comfort Functions


In order to limit the voltage on the supply lines to certain levels,

GEPC SurgeGuard SPDs need to beapplied

Up = 2.5kV

Electrical control devices

(i.e. wiring devices, motors,transformers, ...)

Up = 1.8kV

Appliances (dish-washer,

laundry machine, freezer,refrigerator, hot, ...)

Up = 1kV

PLC's, CNC-controllers,

personal computer,computer network, fax,modem, hi-fi, VCR, TV,alarm system, medicalscanning and monitoringequipment, ...


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GE Power Controls


ModularDevice

s

Comfort Functions


Disturbances

- Temporary interruption / long term outage

- Sag / Swell

- Transient

- Noise

- Harmonic distorsion


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Elfa

GE Power Controls

- Description : a planned or accidental loss ofpower in a localised area ofcommunity

- Duration : temporary : less than 1 minutelong term : more than 1 minute

- Cause : equipment failure, weather, animals, human error (auto accident, ...)

- Effect : systems shut down

- Solutions : temporary * uninterruptable or stand-by power supplyfor outages of about 15 minutes* motor generator set

for outages of very short duration onlylong term * stand-by generator


ModularDevice

s

Comfort Functions


Temporary interruption / long term outage


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Elfa

GE Power Controls


ModularDevice

s

Comfort Functions


Sag / Swell

- Description : a decrease (sag) orincrease (swell) in voltage

- Duration : from miliseconds to a few seconds

- Cause : major equipment start-up or shutdown, short-circuits (faults)undersized electrical circuits

- Effect : memory loss, data errors, dim or bright lights, shrinking display screens,equipment shutdown

- Solutions : * computer or equipment relocated to a different electrical circuit* voltage regulator* power line conditioner* uninterruptable power supply* motor generator


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Elfa

GE Power Controls


ModularDevice

s

Comfort Functions


Transient

- Description : a sudden change in voltageup to several thousands volts(also called an impulse,spike or surge)

- Duration : microseconds

- Cause : utility switching operations, starting and stopping of heavy equipment oroffice machinery, elevators, welding equipment, stactic dischargeslightning and storms

- Effect : processing errors, data loss, burned circuit boards or other equipment damage

- Solutions : * surge suppressor* power line conditioner* motor generator

Elf


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Elfa

GE Power Controls


ModularDevice

s

Comfort Functions


Noise

- Description : an unwanted electrical signalof high frquency from otherequipment

- Duration : sporadic- Cause : interference from appliances, microwave and radar transmissions,

radio and TV broadcasts, arc welding, heaters, laser printers,loose wiring and improper grounding

- Effect : noise disturbs sensitive electronic equipment, but is usually not

destructive (can cause processing errors and lata loss)

- Solutions : * isolation transformer* power line conditioner* motor generator

* uninterruptible power supply* loose wiring and grounding corrected

Elf


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Elfa

GE Power Controls


ModularDevice

s

Comfort Functions


Harmonic distortion

- Description : a distortion in the voltagedue to the power supplyin some equipment

- Duration : sporadic- Cause : power supplies in computers, adjustable speed drives and fluorecent lighting

- Effect : overheating of motors, transformers and wiring

- Solutions : * electrically separate loads that cause harmonic distortion

* power line conditioner* motor generator* uninterruptible power supply* oversize electrical equipment so it does not overheat

Elf


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Elfa

GE Power Controls

Characteristics of noise

Small magnitude, superimposed on carrier

Continuously present

High frequency

Low energetic content Irritating


ModularDevice

s

Comfort Functions


Elfa


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Elfa

GE Power Controls


ModularDevice

s

Comfort Functions


Characteristics of surges

High magnitude (1000 s of Volts or Amps)

Sporadic

Short duration (-seconds)

High frequency High energetic content

Destructive

Elfa


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Elfa

GE Power Controls


ModularDevice

s

Comfort Functions


Origin of Surges

Electronic dimmers

AC-motors and transformers

Welding machines

Lightning strikes* Direct coupled

* Indirect (inductively) coupled

Power grid switching

ALL SURGE ORIGINATORS ARE CURRENTS

70% of the surges polluting your facility originates insideyour facility while only 30% originates outside

Elfa


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Elfa

GE Power Controls

Voltage generation mechanism

UR= i x R

* R = l / (r)

UL= - L di / dt* L =

r

ol / ( |||||ln(d / r) ||||| + )

UC= 1/ C i dt

* C = (rol) / ln (d/ r)


ModularDevice

s

Comfort Functions


Surge = very big change in current in a very shorttime = very high di / dt thus UL= most important

Elfa


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Elfa

GE Power Controls


ModularDevice

s

Comfort Functions


Summary

No single solution method is a cure all solution

Power supply disturbances are unique and distinctSolution methods are unique and distinct

All surge originators are currents; the network impedance converts these surge currents into(high) voltages

Surges are sporadic, have a high energetic content, have a high di/ dt and are destructiveSolution : Surge Protection Devices

Noise is systematic, has a low energetic content, is high frequent and is irritating

Solution : Filters or Sine Wave Tracking Devices

Elfa


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Elfa

GE Power Controls


M

odularDevice

s

Comfort Functions




Cascading of SPD s





Elfa


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Elfa

GE Power Controls


M

odularDevice

s

Comfort Functions

Definitions

SPD : Surge Protection Device

TVSS : Transient Voltage Surge Suppresser

Class : The amount of energy the SPD is able to deviate towards the protective earth

I MAX : Peak discharge current an SPD can carry at least once I

NOM: Discharge current an SPD can carry at least 10 times

UP

: Residual voltage @ INOM

UC

: Maximum continuous operating voltage


Elfa


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Elfa

GE Power Controls


M

odularDevice

s

Comfort Functions

Classes for SPDs


Elfa


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lfa

GE Power Controls

0

400

-400

0

400

-400


M

odularDevice

s

Comfort Functions

Envelope Clamping versus Sine Wave Tracking

Envelope Clamping


Sine Wave Tracking

Elfa


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f

GE Power Controls


M

odularDevice

s

Comfort Functions




Cascading of SPD s





Elfa


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f

GE Power Controls

SPD Technology

V - I characteristics Device Leak- Follow Clamping Energy Capaci- Response Costtype age on I voltage capa- tance time

bility

Ideal zero no low high low fast low

device to low or high

Zinc oxyde low no moderate high moderate fast lowvaristor to low to high

Zener low No low low Low fast high

Crowbar low yes low medium Low fast moderateZener - SCR latching

combination holding I


M

odularDevices

Comfort Functions


Elfa


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f

GE Power Controls

SPD Technology

V - I characteristics Device Leak- Follow Clamping Energy Capaci- Response Costtype age on I voltage capa- tance time

bility

Sparc zero yes high high low slow lowgap ignition to high

low clamp

Triggered zero yes lower high low moderate highsparc ignitiongap low clamp

Selenium very no moderate moderate high fast highhigh to high to high

Silicon high no high high high fast relativecarbide low

varistor



M

odularDevices

Comfort Functions

Elfa


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M

odularDevices

Comfort Functions

Spark-Gap V - I - plot


MOV V - I - plot

Elfa


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M

odularDevices

Comfort Functions


GEPC SurgeGuard SPDs

Class 1 : Closed spark-gap technology

Class 2 : MOV-technology

Elfa


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M

odularDevices

Comfort Functions


SPD terminology

SPD technology


Cascading of SPD s

Whole facility protection

Correct dimensioning of the SPD and of the backup MCB




Elfa


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M

odularDevices

Comfort Functions

TT - Earthing System


ElfaC f F i


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M

odularDevices

Comfort Functions

TT - Earthing System


ElfaC f F i


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M

odularDevices

Comfort Functions

IT - Earthing System


ElfaC f t F ti


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M

odularDevices

Comfort Functions

TN-S - Earthing System


ElfaComfort Functions


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M

odularDevices

Comfort Functions

TN-C - Earthing System




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M

odularDevices

Comfort Functions


Summary Single Pole or Multi Pole SPD

Single Pole

* IT

* TN-C or TN-C-part of a TN-CS

Multi Pole* IT

* TN-S or TN-S-part of a TN-CS



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M

odularDevices

Comfort Functions


SPD terminology

SPD technology


Cascading of SPD s








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M

odularDevices

Comfort Functions


Why cascading SPDs ?

Caution :

The SPD with the highest MAX shouldcarry the bulk of the currentin case a high I

MAXtogether

with a low UPis required



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M

odularDevices

Comfort Functions


Correct cascading



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M

odularDevices

f


SPD terminology

SPD technology


Cascading of SPD s







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Facility without protection


M

odularDevices

f


100.000 Amps20.000 Volts

100.000 Amps20.000 Volts

Service entrance

Step-downTransformer

Branch panel



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M

odularDevices

f

Fully protected facility


100.000 Amps20.000 Volts

3.000 Volt Transient


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M

odularDevic

es

Cost / Knowledge


INCREASING COST OF POWER CONDITIONING

INCREASING KNOWLEDGE OF EQUIPMENT SENSITIVITY

UTILITY

SOURCE

SERVICE

ENTRANCE

BRANCHPANELS

CONTROLS

LIGHTING

PROCESSOR

BRANCH

PANELS

FULL FACILITY



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M

odularDevic

es


SPD terminology

SPD technology


Cascading of SPD s








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M

odularDevic

es

Selecting the correct SPD (1)

IMAX

Facility exposure risk (FER - level) Keraunic level Geometry of the facility

Environment The way in which the power is distributed Facility function and value (FF& V- factor) Mission critical aspect Value of the equipment to protect

UP

Energy supply network




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M

odularDevic

es


Selecting the correct SPD (2)

- Class 2 (8/20s) (MOV technology)

Network IT or TN-C Single Pole SPD TT or TN-S Multi Pole SPD

Un Imax / Up 2.5kV 1.8kV 1kV 2.5kV 1.8kV 1kV

230V 20kA SG SP 2 20 2 SG SP 2 20 2 SG SP 2 20 2 SG MM 2 20 2 SG MM 2 20 2 SG MM 2 20 2

45kA SG SP 2 45 2 SG SP 2 45 2 SG SP 2 45 2 SG MM 2 45 2 SG MM 2 45 2 SG MM 2 45 2

65kA SG SP 2 65 2 SG SP 2 65 2 (1)

400V 20kA SG SP 2 20 4 SG SP 2 20 4 (1) SG MM 2 20 4 SG MM 2 20 4 SG MM 2 20 4

45kA SG SP 2 45 4 (1) (1) SG MM 2 45 4

SG MM 2 45 4

SG MM 2 45 465kA SG SP 2 65 4 (1) (1) SG MM 2 80 4 SG MM 2 80 4 (1)

Note 1: If the protection level cannot be reached by using only one SPD, appropriate cascading is necessary. Example: To pro-tect computer equipment in a facility with a high FER and a level 1 FF&V and with an IT or TN-C earthing system, according to table5 a 65kA SPD with a UP=1kV is required but not available. Therefore cascading a SG SP 2 65 2 upfront of a SG SP 2 20 2 down-

stream, with a SG COIL xx in between if required would be the best solution.



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M

odularDevic

es

Selecting the correct backup MCB

Why a backup MCB is needed

SPD is NOT a line - protection device

Backup for the internal thermal fuse

Isolating the SPD for maintenance

To be effective the breaker or fuse directly up-front of the SPD should be capable to cut-off thetheoretical short-circuit current at the place where the SPD is installed


Short-circuit interruptive capacity

65 / 80 kA EP100

45 kA EP60

20 kA EP30



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M

odularDevic

es


SPD terminology

SPD technology


Cascading of SPD s








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M

odularDevic

es

Installation guidelines (1)

Install a high quality protective earthand avoid groundloops




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M

odularDevic

es


Keep lead length short and use Kelvin connections




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M

odularDevic

es


Install the SPD as close as possible to the backup MCB

Install the SPD as close as possible to the equipment to be protected




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M

odularDevic

es


Avoid installing an SPD downstreamof a sensitive RCD




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M

odularDevic

es


Bound wires together

Avoid sharp bending and winding-up of conductors

Here comes a photo illustrating wires not bound together

Here comes a photo illustrating wires being bound together

Here comes a photo illustrating wires being bend and being coiled- up

Here comes a photo illustrating the wires being correctly installed




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M

odularDevic

es


SPD terminology

SPD technology


Cascading of SPD s








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M

odularDevic

es

Features and benefits (1)

Range

* Class 1

* Class 2 Single pole plug-in, Multi-pole monoblock

* Inductor coils

* Sine wave tracking module




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ModularDevic

es


Technical performances

* High quality MOVs

* Lowest UPfor comparable I

NOMs

* High quality DIN-rail clip with very good grip

* High quality, long term stability terminals

* Fool-proof plug-in devices




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ModularDevic

es


User-interface

* Clear and straightforward front- and side-pad print

* SPD - healthy indication

* Auxiliary contact for remote monitoring




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ModularDevic

es


Connectivity

* Large terminal capacity (50mm)

* Loss-proof pozidriv terminal screws

* Terminals aligned with terminals of ElfaPlus MCBs, RCBs and RCDs

* Pin-and fork-busbar connection possible




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ModularDevic

es


Complete range according to wide range of standards and regulations

* IEC 61643-1, IEC1643-1

* EN 61024-1, EN61000-4-4, EN61000-4-5

* UL1449-2

* VDE 0110-1, VDE 0185 part 100, VDE 0185-103, VDE 0675-6 (A1 & A2), VDE 0100-534/A1

* BS 6651 (1992)

* AS 1768 (1991)

* ANSI C62.41


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