Defence R&DCanada
R et D pour la défenseCanada Canada
Presented by Dr. J.Luc ForandNorthern Watch Lead Scientist
DRDC Valcartier
Surveillance of Canada’s High Arctic
Authors: J.L. Forand, D. Brookes, J. Lee, G. Heard, N. McCoy, M.MacLeod, R. Dao & K. Kollenberg
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Role of DRDC
• The National Authority for providing Science & Technology leadership to advance and maintain Canada’s defence and security capabilities.
– Advise on Science & Technology
– Conduct Defence research, development and analysis
– Assess technology trends, threats, and opportunities
– Engage industrial, academic and international partners in the transition of technology
– Conduct S&T projects for non-DND clients
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DRDC UnitsWeapons Effects
VehiclesAutonomous SystemsMilitary EngineeringChem & Bio Defence
Human FactorsDecision Support
Command EffectivenessOperational Medicine
Simulation & Modeling
Radar, EWSpace Systems
Information OperationsCommunications
Synthetic EnvironmentsRadiation Effects
Electro-opticsCombat Systems
Command & ControlInformation Management
Systems Environment
CORA for effective operations, decisions, &
management Strategic analysis
Social science research S&T intelligence
Centre for Security Science (2006)CRTI ProgramPSTP Program
Underwater SensingMaterials
Air Vehicles (IAR)Marine VehiclesSignature Mgt.
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Why is DRDCinterested
in the Arctic?
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ArcticNet 2007http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/
Climate Change
Polar IceSummer
1979
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Polar IceSummer
2005
Climate Change = Increased Activity?
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40% of Canada’s LandPopulation ~ 104,000
Yukon
NorthwestTerritories Nunavut
JTFN AOR
Whitehorse Yellowknife
Iqaluit
Military Surveillance
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Surveillance Resources
440 (T) SquadronRangers (1 CPRG)
Maritime Patrol Aircraft
Other Information Sources
• RCMP
• Coast Guard
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ArcticNet 2007HQs; NORAD Sites; Ranger Patrol Areas
Operational Coverage, Infrastructure
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Technological Demonstration ProjectNorthern Watch
OBJECTIVE:
To identify and characterize combinations of systems for cost-effective surveillance of Canada’s High Arctic.
To provide an understanding of activities and events on the sea, under the sea, on land and in the sky that could affect Canada’s security, safety, economy, and environment.
Participants:DRDC Ottawa DRDC ValcartierDRDC Atlantic DRDC CORADRDC Corporate
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Project Scope
Three principle areas for information creation/ sharing through trials and studies
• Wide Area Approach Surveillance• Choke-point Surveillance• Information Compilation and Sharing
Develop technical and personnel expertise in the Arctic
• develop equipment for the Arctic• perform trials in the Arctic
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Layered Surveillance – Wide Area ApproachesApproach
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Wide Area Surveillance Sensor Data
Ikonos – 0.82 m QuickBird 0.61mSPOT 5 – 5.0m Aurora MPA
Space Based AIS RADARSAT 1 & 2
Layered Surveillance – Chokepoints
Iqaluit
CambridgeBay
Tuktoyaktuk
Resolute
Grise Fiord
Eureka
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Terrestrial Based Surveillance Sensors
RADAR
ELINT
AIS
UW-RDS
GOTS
COTS
CANDISS
EO/IR
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Development of a remotely controllable EO/IR system consisting of a– high-resolution colour visible imager– multiple field of view thermal (FIR) imager– high-resolution gated active NIR imager– wide field of view colour camera for situation awareness– laser rangefinder– a geo-referencing system– an integrated digital data recorder (video & metadata)– and a pan and tilt platform
CANDISS (from Valcartier)Canadian Arctic Night & Day Imaging Surveillance System
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An underwater node of sensors that detect– Electric fields– Magnetic fields– Acoustic waves
Our arrangement will probably have three nodes.
UW-RDS (from Atlantic)Underwater Rapidly Deployable System
Node
Node
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FURUNO type navigation radar operating at X or S Band
Navigation Radar (from Ottawa)
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Two receiving antennas and electronic processing• provides electronic signal information (comms, radars, etc.)• provides bearing to the signal
Electronic Intelligence (from Ottawa)
ELINT
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Information Compilation
Services Oriented Architecture
Surface Based Sensors (RF, EO, ELINT, etc.)
RDS
Fusion Capability
UAV
SPACE
AIS
Future Capability 1 Future Capability 2 Future Capability 3
Based on data integration and fusion within a services oriented architecture
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Example Arctic Picture
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Operational Research & Analysis
• Operational Research– Establish baseline capabilities– Identify and validate system metrics– Provide and gather lessons learned
• Operational Analysis– Evaluate sensor mix at the choke point– Develop and analyse wide-area models– Analyse and project Arctic ship traffic
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System Development Approach
The development includes a series of yearly trials to:• demonstrate the sensor capabilities• validate operational deployment hypotheses
Each trial to be conducted in two stages:• integration testing in the Halifax area• Arctic deployment on Devon Island
Final Trial & Demonstration• Final Arctic deployment with• a feed to a simulated or real Southern Ops Centre
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Northern Trials SiteChokepoint Site at Gascoyne Inlet
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Base Camp – Looking West
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View from EO-RF Camp – Looking SouthVisible Camera with 300m lens
Prince Leopold Island
Somerset Island
Cape Clarence Peninsula
~ 3 km
Barrow Strait
~ 75 km
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MilestonesDescription Date
Project Approval-in-Principal Oct 2006
Project Start Apr 2007
Main Contracts Awarded Fall 2007
Summer Northern Site Visit July 2007
2nd Northern Deployment Aug-Sept. 2009
Project Complete Mar 2011
3rd Northern Conference Feb 2010
Final Local Area Tests; Halifax June 2010
1st Northern Watch Conference on Arctic C4ISR Oct. 22-23, 2007
1st Local Area Test; Halifax Jun 2008 (1 week)
1st Northern Deployment Aug-Sept. 2008
2nd Northern Conference Feb 2009
2nd Local Area Test; Halifax June 2009
Final Northern Deployment and Demonstration Aug-Sept. 2010
Major Contract Completed Dec 2010
4th Northern Conference Feb 2011
Initial Minor Contracts Awarded Fall 2007
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Future NW Conferences on Arctic C4ISR
Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance & Reconnaissance
• February 2009, 2010, & 2011• Academia, Industry and Government• Share knowledge of Arctic security concerning
– Navigation– Communications– Sensor Integration– Resource Management– Remote Sensing– Sensor Data Fusion– Information Fusion– Arctic Awareness
Defence R&DCanada
R et D pour la défenseCanada Canada
QUESTIONS?
Arcticus nullo pacto manto scientia
“The Arctic by no means waits for Science”
Klaus Kollenberg (Program Director)[email protected]
Klaus Kollenberg (Program Director)[email protected]
