AP Statistics Frappy Packet for End-Of-Year Graded Homework AssignmentsPage | 1

This Frappy Packet Belongs to _______________________________________.

Unfortunate Remarks

A random sample of 415 potential voters was interviewed 3 weeks before the start of a state-wide campaign for governor; 223 of the 415 said they favored the new candidate over the incumbent. However, the new candidate made several unfortunate remarks one week before the election. Subsequently, a new random sample of 630 potential voters showed that 317 voters favored the new candidate. Do these data support the conclusion that there was a decrease in voter support for the new candidate after the unfortunate remarks were made? Give appropriate statistical evidence to support your answer. Also include a confidence interval and explain how it supports your answer.

Vitamin C

A study was conducted to determine if taking vitamin C reduces the occurrence of the flu. The study was conducted using 808 student volunteers who did not take a flu shot. The subjects were randomly assigned to one of two groups: a treatment group who received 1,000 milligrams of vitamin C daily or a control group who received a placebo flavored to taste like the vitamin C treatment. All participants were monitored to ensure that they adhered to their assigned treatment on a daily basis throughout the period of the study. At the end of the flu season, each subject’s medical record was reviewed by a physician to determine whether he or she had contracted the flu during the period of the study. The physician did not know which treatment each subject received. The results of the study are shown in the table to the right.

Based on this study, a health expert claims that there is evidence to suggest that vitamin C reduces the occurrence of the flu in the population of students who would volunteer for such a study. Do these data support this conclusion? Give appropriate statistical evidence to support your answer. Also include a confidence interval and explain how it supports your answer.

Cereal Boxes

Some boxes of a certain brand of breakfast cereal include a voucher for a free video rental inside the box. The company that makes the cereal claims that a voucher can be found in 20 percent of the boxes. However, based on their experiences eating this cereal at home, a group of students believes that the proportion of boxes with vouchers is less than 0.2. This group of students purchased 65 boxes of the cereal to investigate the company’s claim. The students found a total of 11 vouchers for free video rentals in the 65 boxes. Suppose it is reasonable to assume that the 65 boxes purchased by the students are a random sample of all boxes of this cereal. Based on this sample, is there support for the students’ belief that the proportion of boxes with vouchers is less than 0.2? Provide statistical evidence to support your answer. Also include a confidence interval and explain how it supports your answer.

Grad Students

A large university provides housing for 10 percent of its graduate students to live on campus. The university’s housing office thinks that the percentage of graduate students looking for housing on campus may be more than 10 percent. The housing office decides to survey a random sample of graduate students, and 68 of the 481 respondents say that they are looking for housing on campus. On the basis of the survey data, is there enough evidence for housing office to consider increasing the amount of housing on campus available to graduate students? Give appropriate evidence to support your recommendation. Also include a confidence interval and explain how it supports your answer.

Generics

A growing number of employers are trying to hold down the costs that they pay for medical insurance for their employees. As part of this effort, many medical insurance companies are now requiring clients to use generic brand medicines when filling prescriptions. An independent consumer advocacy group wanted to determine if there was a difference, in milligrams, in the amount of active ingredient between a certain “name” brand drug and its generic counterpart. Pharmacies may store drugs under different conditions. Therefore, the consumer group randomly selected ten different pharmacies in a large city and filled two prescriptions at each of these pharmacies, one for the “name” brand and the other for the generic brand of the drug. The consumer group’s laboratory then tested a randomly selected pill from each prescription to determine the amount of active ingredient in the pill. The results are given in the following table.

Based on these results, what should the consumer group’s laboratory report about the difference in the active ingredient in the two brands of pills? Give appropriate statistical evidence to support your response. Also include a confidence interval and explain how it supports your answer.

Tomato Plants

A researcher believes that treating seeds with certain additives before planting can enhance the growth of plants. An experiment to investigate this is conducted in a greenhouse. From a large number of Roma tomato seeds, 24 seeds are randomly chosen and 2 are assigned to each of 12 containers. One of the 2 seeds is randomly selected and treated with the additive. The other seeds serves as a control. Both seeds are then planted in the same container. The growth, in centimeters, of each of the 24 plants is measured after 30 days. These data were used to generate the partial computer output shown below. Graphical displays indicate that the assumption of normality is not unreasonable. Is there sufficient evidence to conclude that there is a significant mean difference in growth of the plants from untreated seeds and the plants from treated seeds? Give appropriate statistical evidence to support your response. Also include a confidence interval and explain how it supports your answer.

Wait Time

Patients with heart-attack symptoms arrive at and emergency room either by ambulance or self-transportation provided by themselves, family, or friends. When a patient arrives at the emergency room, the time of arrival is recorded. The time when the patient’s diagnostic treatment begins is also recorded. An administrator of a large hospital wanted to determine whether the mean wait time (time between arrival and diagnostic treatment) for patients with heart-attack symptoms differs according to the mode of transportation.

A random sample of 150 patients with heart-attack symptoms who had reported to the emergency room was selected. For each patient, the mode of transportation and wait time were recorded. Summary statistics for each mode of transportation are show in the table below.

Based on this set of information, is there evidence to support that the average wait time for people who transport themselves to the hospital is different than the average wait time for patients who arrive via ambulance? Give appropriate statistical evidence to support your response. Also include a confidence interval and explain how it supports your answer. Also include a confidence interval and explain how it supports your answer.

Cholesterol #1

A serum cholesterol level above 250 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dl) of blood is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in humans. At a medical center in St. Louis, a study to test the effectiveness of a new cholesterol lowering drug was conducted. One hundred people with cholesterol levels between 250 mg/dl and 300 mg/dl were available for this study. Fifty people were assigned at random to each of two treatment groups. One group received the standard cholesterol-lowering medication and the other group received the new drug.

After taking the drug for three weeks, the 50 subjects who received the standard treatment had a mean decrease in cholesterol level of 10 mg/dl with a standard deviation of 8 mg/dl, and the 50 subjects who received the new drug had a mean decrease of 18 mg/dl with a standard deviation of 12 mg/dl. Does the new drug appear to be more effective than the standard treatment in lowering mean cholesterol level? Give appropriate statistical evidence to support your conclusion. Also include a confidence interval and explain how it supports your answer.

Cholesterol #2

A pharmaceutical company has developed a new drug to reduce cholesterol. A regulatory agency will recommend the new drug for use if there is convincing evidence that the mean reduction in cholesterol level after one month of use is more than 20 milligrams/deciliter (mg/dl), because a mean reduction of this magnitude would be greater than the mean reduction for the current most widely used drug.

The pharmaceutical company collected data by giving the new drug to a random sample of 50 people from the population of people with high cholesterol. The reduction in cholesterol level after one month of use was recorded for each individual in the sample, resulting in a sample mean reduction and standard deviation of 24 mg/dl and 15 mg/dl, respectively.

Does the new drug have enough convincing evidence that the mean reduction in cholesterol level after one month of use is more than 20 mg/dl? Give appropriate statistical evidence to support your conclusion. Also include a confidence interval and explain how it supports your answer.

Lost Hikers

The Colorado Rocky Mountain Rescue Service wishes to study the behavior of lost hikers. If more were known about the direction in which lost hikers tend to walk, then more effective search strategies could be devised. Two hundred hikers selected at random from those applying for hiking permits are asked whether they would head uphill, downhill, or remain in the same place if they became lost while hiking. Each hikers in the sample was also classified according to whether he or she was an experienced or novice hiker. The resulting data are summarized in the following table.

Do these data provide convincing evidence of an association between the level of hiking expertise and the direction the hiker would head if lost? Give appropriate statistical evidence to support your conclusion.

Presidential Affairs

A random sample of 200 students was selected from a large college in the United States. Each selected student was asked to give his or her opinion about the following statement. “The most important quality of a person who aspires to be the President of the United States is a knowledge of foreign affairs.” Each response was recorded in one of five categories. The gender of each selected student was noted. The data are summarized in the table below.

Is there sufficient evidence to indicate that the response is dependent on gender? Provide statistical evidence to support your conclusion.

Moose (Chi-Squared Goodness of Fit)

A study was conducted to determine where moose are found in a region containing a large burned area. A map of the study area was partitioned into the following four habitat types.

(1) Inside the burned area, not near the edge of the burned area,

(2) Inside the burned area, near the edge,

(3) Outside the burned area, near the edge, and

(4) Outside the burned area, not near the edge.

The figure to the right shows these four habitat types.

The proportion of total acreage in each of the habitat types was determined for the study area. Using an aerial survey, moose locations were observed and classified into one of the four habitat types. The results are given in the table below.

The researchers who are conducting the study expect the number of moose observed in a habitat type to be proportional to the amount of acreage of that type of habitat. Are the data consistent with this expectation? Conduct an appropriate statistical test to support your conclusion. Assume the conditions for inference are met.

AP Statistics Frappy Packet for End

-

Of

-

Year Graded Homework Assignments

Page

|

1

This Frappy Packet Belongs to _______________________________________.

Unfortunate Remarks

A random sample of 415 potential voters was interviewed 3 weeks before the

start of a state

-

wide campaign

for governor; 223 of the 415 said they favored the new candidate over the incumbent. However, the new

candidate made several unfortunate remarks one week before the election. Subsequently, a new random

sample of 630 potential

voters showed that 317 voters favored the new candidate. Do these data support the

conclusion that there was a decrease in voter support for the new candidate after the unfortunate remarks

were made? Give appropriate statistical evidence to support your a

nswer.

Also

include a confidence interval

and explain how it

support

s

your answer.

AP Statistics Frappy Packet for End-Of-Year Graded Homework Assignments Page | 1

This Frappy Packet Belongs to _______________________________________.

Unfortunate Remarks

A random sample of 415 potential voters was interviewed 3 weeks before the start of a state-wide campaign

for governor; 223 of the 415 said they favored the new candidate over the incumbent. However, the new

candidate made several unfortunate remarks one week before the election. Subsequently, a new random

sample of 630 potential voters showed that 317 voters favored the new candidate. Do these data support the

conclusion that there was a decrease in voter support for the new candidate after the unfortunate remarks

were made? Give appropriate statistical evidence to support your answer. Also include a confidence interval

and explain how it supports your answer.