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SUSTAINABILITY ANALYSIS OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
Ashok KumarAbhilash Vijayan
Department of Civil Engineering
INTRODUCTION• Industrial Revolution
increased resource consumption
• Growing population increases demands for resource
• Increase in the consumption and results in pollution
Increasing Pollution
Increasing Demand
Increased Consumption
Increasing Population
Buildings are a major consumer of the resources, and one of the biggest producers of pollution
INTRODUCTION - FACTSBuildings in the United States account for:
• 36% of total energy use and 65% of electricity consumption
• 30% of raw materials use
• 30% of waste output which is 136 million tons annually
• 12% of potable water consumption
• 49% of sulfur dioxide emissions
• 25% of nitrous oxide emissions
• 10% of the particulate emissions
• 35 % of the carbon dioxide emissions
Sustainability
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs
(The Brundtland Commission,1987)
SUSTAINABLE BUILDINGS
A “Cradle-to-Cradle” Approach
SUSTAINABILITY IN BUILDINGS
• Sustainable development measures success in terms of economic, environmental, and social benefits.
• The ever-increasing need for new construction and renovation juxtaposed with the resource and environmental crisis forced the building industry to expand on this concept, and apply it to the built environment.
Effect of SustainabilityEffect of Sustainability
Working Principles
Application of Sustainability
Pre-Design On-Site Design Construction O&M
Material Selection
Building Program
Project Budget
Team Selection
Partnering
Project Schedule
Laws, Codes
& Standards
Research
Site Selection
Site Analysis
& Assessment
Site Development
& Layout
Watershed
Management &
Conservation
Site Material
& Equipment
Environmentally
Conscious
Construction
Preservation of
Features &
Vegetation
Waste Mgmt
IAQ Issues
Source Control
Practices
Passive Solar
Design
Materials &
Specification
Indoor Air
Quality
Maintenance Plans
Indoor Quality
Energy Efficiency
Resource Efficiency
Renovation
Housekeeping &
Custodial Practices
Best Building Form
Solar & Energy Efficient Design
Improved Indoor Air Quality
Usage of Green Materials
Proper Mechanical Systems
Efficient Lighting
Proper Testing & Maintenance
Advanced Features of a Sustainable Building
Lighting
• Daylighting & Skylighting- Incorporated lots of natural light to reduce the need for electric lighting and the associated increase in the air conditioning load
• Energy efficient fluorescent T5s installed in classrooms
Natural Ventilation
• Operable windows pull fresh air into one side of the classroom, while ventilation stacks pull the air out on the opposite side of the classroom
• At extreme temperatures, automatic backup mechanical ventilation systems can be used
Green Materials Materials as well as their production, use and
disposal must be safe for the planet. Most of the materials have specific range of conditions in which they best work
Sustainable building materials have the following features:• Durable and easily maintained• Less processing required• Low odor• Low emitting• Cost-effective• Aesthetic
Economics of Green Buildings Reduction in lighting energy requirements by at least 50 percent
Cut heating and cooling energy consumption by 60 percent
Reduced water consumption by up to 30 percent or more
Lower building operating expenses through reduced utility and waste disposal costs
Lower on-going building maintenance costs, ranging from salaries to supplies
Increase worker productivity by six to 16 percent
Higher property values and potentially lower lenders’ credit risk
Higher building net income
New economic development opportunities
Benefits of Sustainable Construction
Sustainable construction makes wise use of all the natural resources and up to 50% reduction in energy use
Improves occupant health, comfort, productivity, reduces pollution and landfill waste that are not easily quantified
A sustainable building may cost more up front, but saves through lower operating costs over the life of the building
Building is designed as one system rather than a collection of stand-alone systems with the help of the integrated system approach
Building Sustainability Analysis Tool
• Simple user-friendly tool that helps analyze and assess a building from a sustainability and comfort standpoint
• Sustainable Building Score (SBS) to quantify building sustainability and performance
• Provides options and solutions to increase the environmental performance of the buildings and create sustainable buildings
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS
Energy Water Building Envelope
Lights Appliances Fixtures Window Insulation
Pollution Prevention
METHODOLOGY
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
LIGHTS
• Type of Bulb• Number of Bulbs
• Wattage• Usage
Recommendations Based on Illumination provided (in lumens) by the
user’s selection
1000
used Days dayper Usage Wattage Bulbs ofNumber n ConsumptioEnergy Annual
LIGHTING - RECOMMENDATION
FIXTURES
• Flow rate• Usage
Recommendations Set by DOE to reduce flow rate
Useof Days UseofDuration
day / Usage people ofNumber minuteper Gallons ge Water UsaAnnual
SHOWERHEADFAUCET
FLUSH
ANNUAL EXPENDITURE
INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS
• The tool calculates the sustainability of a building in terms of Sustainable Building (SB) Score
SUSTAINABLE BUILDING SCORE
Thank you!
More information at http://p2tools.utoledo.edu/