Sustainable Mobility Solutions

Role of DevelopersSession 5B

By 2030Tremendous growth is both an opportunity and a threat!

Growth in India

By 2030:

More than 200 million people will be added to our cities

Vehicles will grow 4 to 6 times to about 400-600 million in India

70% of building stock that will be there in 2030 is yet to be built in India

Urba n Popula ti on Vehic les

350

120

590

500

2013 2030

Rapid Motorization of Banglaore19

80

1985

1990

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Registered Vehicles, 1980-2011(lakhs)

TWO WHEELERSCARSAUTOSOTHERS

Source(s): Karnataka RTO

Spiral of Destruction Car Centric Design Attracts More Cars and Roads

Bangalore (KR Puram)photo credit: EMBARQ India

Western Express Highway at Bandra East, Mumbai photo credit: EMBARQ India

Traffic Woes!No matter where you live or who

you are…

The City and Townships Should Be….

Where we are….Activities completed to get better understanding of gaps

Image Caption

Design Audits of Large Townships

How to integrate Sustainability Mobility with housing and township development

Developing Built Form and Travel Indicators & Benchmarks for Residential Communities

Round Table on Parking with Developers

EMBARQ India’s Impact

23,000 Homes

100,000 People

10 Developments

Through these projects we have reached out and impacted

VisionWithin the next 5 years we intend to reach out and impact:

5 Million People

250 Developments

1 Million Homes

What Needs to be DoneThese are the work areas we identified

Peer Learning Platform

Develop Tools and Impart Training to Developers

Document Best Practices and Publish Case Studies

Develop Benchmarks and Indicators

Project Locations

Work with Real Estate Developers to ensure:

Greater use of sustainable mobility strategies

Solutions promoting safe and energy-efficient travel by walking, cycling, and public transit

Adopt mixed land uses

Create safe public spaces

Increase accessibility to jobs, schools, amenities, community functions

Improve connectivity to public transit

Building Sustainable, Energy Efficient & Connected Communities in India

Create greater demand for alternate modes (cycling and walking) by providing the infrastructure – Ms. Manjula

Increase mixed use and cater to needs like last mile connectivity – Ms. Manjula

Change mindset towards one of shared space – Mr. JP Gupta

Understand market trends – Dr. Dario Hidalgo

Transport and accessibility is a social problem, so need to work with people across sections of society & stakeholder groups – Dr. Ashwin Mahesh

Some messages from yesterday…..

PROJECT APPROACH

Design Audits in Upcoming Developments

Survey of Residents in Existing Large Developments to Establish Benchmarks for Bangalore

Best Practice Guide and Training Course for Developer Community

Total dwelling units = 5,350Total Population impacted is 21,400

DESIGN AUDIT CONSIDERATIONS:Master Plan Design, Mobility & Accessibility Indicators

Land Use – existing density, mix of uses (%), total no. and types of residential units, parking demand, etc.

Neighbourhood – development type, proximity to amenities, street network, block sizes, etc.

Transport Network – distance to public transit stops, infrastructure – bus shelters, bike & vehicle parking etc.

Street Network – street types, design & density, speed limits, intersection design, traffic calming, street parking, pedestrian & bike infrastructure, etc.

Pedestrian Network - exclusive pedestrian routes, design metrics, signage, street infrastructure and landscaping, etc.

Bike Network - design metrics for bike lanes, bike infrastructure

Jobs and Amenities – no. of employment opportunities, distance to CBD or retail/commercial points

INITIAL OBSERVATIONSDesign Audits

Disconnected residential communities

Absence of safe access to transit modes

High volume of internal vehicular trips

Lack of infrastructure to support alternate modes of mobility

Absence of traffic calming measures esp. at key intersections

Lack of a continuous network for pedestrians

Lack of safe open spaces, segregated from vehicles

INITIAL RECOMMENDATIONSDesign Audits

Audit Recommendation Categories

Macro Scale – Master Plan: Improving Street Network ConnectivityMeso Scale – Street Scale: Design based on Green Transportation HierarchyMicro Scale – Designing for People: safe, walkable, public spaces

Key StrategiesDevelop alternate networks of mobilityRelocate community amenities to enable easy non-motorized traffic (NMT) movementRedesign streets to accommodate NMT infrastructureEnsure safe access for pedestrians, NMT and vehicles Enhance open space connectivity

Green Transportation Hierarchy

HOUSEHOLD SURVEYSTo Establish Benchmarks

Survey CapturesHousehold demographic dataResidents’ perceptions of the urban environment in which they liveAttitudes towards transport facilities and optionsTransport mode preferences Commute patternsTravel activities per household in a typical week

Currently ongoing, around 350 household surveys completedExpected completion in April 2014

Travel mode0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

Car; 70%

Two wheeler; 8%

Company / School Bus; 11%

BMTC Bus; 4%

Auto; 3%

Taxi; 1% Metro; 0%

Walk; 3% Bicycle; 0%

INITIAL OBSERVATIONSHousehold Surveys – What is my primary travel mode?

INITIAL OBSERVATIONS FROM HOUSEHOLD SURVEYSOur household's decision to move to our current residence was impacted by …

Distance from our current residence to schools

Open spaces & safe environment within our residential community

Distance from our current residence to employment opportunities

Distance from our current residence to retail shops and other amenities

Number of retail and amenity shops located within my residential community

Distance from our residence to key transport locations: public transit, rail station, airport, etc.

Green practices followed

Family lives here

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

13%

52%

21%

23%

16%

6%

37%

15%

Strongly agree

INITIAL OBSERVATIONS FROM HOUSEHOLD SURVEYSI am concerned about safety of household members during travel to/from our apartments

When possible & services are available, I prefer to stay within my apartments for retail/shopping trips

INITIAL OBSERVATIONS FROM HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS

I would walk more if:

INITIAL OBSERVATIONS FROM HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS

Footpaths were more common / available everywhere

Footpaths were better maintained & included more amenities such as benches

I had shower and changing facilities at office / work

The pedestrian network (footpath / benches / trees providing shade etc) inside my community was better

The pedestrian network (footpath / benches / trees providing shade etc) near my office was better

It was safer

It was shorter or there was a short-cut available

More friends / peers / co-workers also walk

There were fewer cars / less noise pollution and/or less air pollution

0.00% 10.00% 20.00% 30.00% 40.00%

I would cycle more if:

INITIAL OBSERVATIONS FROM HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS

I lived closer to my intended destinations

If I owned a cycle

Cycle parking was more available and/or more convenient

I had shower and changing facilities at work

More cycle lanes were available on roads in and around where I live

It was safer

I had more time

There were fewer cars / less noise pollution / and/or less air pollution

More friends / peers / co-workers did

0.00% 5.00% 10.00% 15.00% 20.00% 25.00%

I would use public transport more if:

INITIAL OBSERVATIONS FROM HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS

There was a shuttle service from my residence to my preferred public transit stop; in-terchange; or final destination

There were better public transport services and connectivity in Bangalore

It was less expensive

It was safer

It was faster or more reliable

It was less crowded

0.00% 10.00% 20.00% 30.00% 40.00%

INITIAL OBSERVATIONS FROM HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS

Driver commute (base 60)

NEXT STEPS

Peer Learning Platform & WorkshopsGoogle group “Sustainable Developers”sustainable-developers@googlegroups.com

Work with developers to implement audit recommendations & estimate costs + impacts

Develop Benchmarks and IndicatorsOn residents’ travel behaviour in gated communities, based on survey data

Develop Best Practice Guide and training course for developers & architects

THANK YOU!

3rd largest city

5th largest agglomeration

Pop: 9.6 Million

Density:

7,600/sq.km.

47% Decadal Growth (2001-2011)

BangaloreBangalore, 1992-2010

Bangalore in

2001

Bangalore in

2011

INTRODUCTION

Current housing demand being addressed through the development of large residential “Gated Communities”

Located in peripheral areas or near major business & technology parks

Typically cater to upper-middle and middle class

Provide 24-hour power backup, security, community spaces, recreational facilities and some commercial areas

Mostly walled due to security demands and prevents public access => isolated from each other and leads to to connectivity and access issues