Sustainable water management in the city opportunities and solutions for the anthropic environmental impacts reduction and urban resilience increase
Dr. Fabio Masi. PhD
R&D Manager IRIDRA – IWA SG Wetland Systems for WPC Chair
Urbanization is growing worldwide
Urban Water Cycle
Hoban, A., and Wong, T.H.F., (2006) “WSUD resilience to Climate Change”
1st international Hydropolis Conference, Perth WA, October 2006.
Urban Water Cycle
Hoban, A., and Wong, T.H.F., (2006) “WSUD resilience to Climate Change”
1st international Hydropolis Conference, Perth WA, October 2006.
Urban sprawl negative impacts
• Nutrients concentrations increase
• Sediments and turbidity increase
• Light penetration reduction - reduced photosintesis and decreased water habitat
• Increase of contaminants and toxic agents (i.e. HMs e POPs)
• Impact over groundwater
• Variation of the inlet hydrograms in the water body
• Increased flow, volumes and flooding risk
• Loss of riparian zones in the river bed
• Increased side-stream erosion
• Loss of biodiversity
6
URBAN STORMWATER MANAGEMENT: A TOO MUCH RIGID APPROACH
Climate change impacts
Urban Water Cycle
Hoban, A., and Wong, T.H.F., (2006) “WSUD resilience to Climate Change”
1st international Hydropolis Conference, Perth WA, October 2006.
Urban Water Integrated Cycle
Hoban, A., and Wong, T.H.F., (2006) “WSUD resilience to Climate Change”
1st international Hydropolis Conference, Perth WA, October 2006.
What if all the money for the underground infrastructures could be invested at
surface level for improving ecosystem services?
Sustainable Urban Drainage (SUDS - Sustainable urban drainage systems)
15
SUSTAINABLE URBAN DRAINAGE
•WATER QUALITY INCREASE; •LOWER FLOODING RISK; •INTEGRATED DESIGN OF URBAN GREEN; •SAVING IN NETWORKS CAPEX AND OPEX
S
UD
S
SUDS Benefits
• Mitigation and adaptation to the climate change challenges
• Resilience to future changes
• Increased biodiversity
• Infrastructures renewal
• Possibility of reuse of water in arid countries
• Aesthetic improvements and more liveable cities
SUDS Techniques
• Green Roofs
SUDS Techniques
• Green Roofs
• Permeable paving
SUDS Techniques
• Green Roofs
• Permeable paving
• Filtering Trenches
SUDS Techniques
• Green Roofs
• Permeable paving
• Filtering Trenches
• Vegetated retention areas / rain-gardens
SUDS Techniques
• Green Roofs
• Permeable paving
• Filtering Trenches
• Vegetated retention areas / rain-gardens
• Ponds / extended retention basins
SUDS Scale of intervention
• Urban
SUDS Scale of intervention
• Urban
• Peri-urban
SUDS Scale of intervention
• Urban
• Peri-urban
• Extra-urban
SUDS typologies
• Before-pipe
Ingresso acque meteoriche
Vegetazione
Zona di ristagno
Terreno vegetale
Medium di riempimento
Drenaggio (se non si infiltra)
Infiltrazione
Vegetated retention strip
Rainwater pools
SUDS typologies
• Before-pipe
• End-of-pipe (CSO)
Ingresso acque meteoriche
Vegetazione
Zona di ristagno
Terreno vegetale
Medium di riempimento
Drenaggio (se non si infiltra)
Infiltrazione
Vegetated retention strip
Rainwater pool
CSO-CW
SUDS before-pipe
Postdamer Platz – BERLIN (GERMANY)
SUDS before-pipe
Postdamer Platz BERLIN – Storage/buffer basin
SUDS before-pipe
Kronsberg HANNOVER Ecovillage
Lake
Wetland System
Wetland System Rain Garden Bioretention System
Bioretention System
Vegetated Swale
SUDS in urban area
Kronsberg HANNOVER
“pond”
Trenches and channels
“rigolen”
SUDS before-pipe
Kronsberg HANNOVER – Filtering Trench
SUDS before-pipe
Kronsberg HANNOVER – Filtering Trench
SUDS before-pipe
Kronsberg HANNOVER – Ponds
SUDS before-pipe Highway Runoff
VILLESE-GORIZIA
60 treatment wetlands in 17 km of highway
• off-line treatment
• on-line treatment
SUDS before-pipe Highway Runoff
VILLESE-GORIZIA – Off-line treatment
SUDS before-pipe Highway Runoff
VILLESE-GORIZIA – On-line treatment
• Sand and oil/greases traps
• Second flush overflow device
• Extended vegetated filtration system
-0.50
-1.40 m
DISPOSITIVO SCOLMATORE DISSABBIATORE/DISOLEATOREVASCA DI FILTRAZIONE
AL SISTEMA POND+ARV
STAGNO
0.00
SUDS end-of-pipe
CSO onsite treatment
(CSO – combined sewer overflow)
Fognatura Mista
Tubazione dello Scolmatore
Scarico dello scolmatore
Corpo idrico
Strada
Bacino di
Captazione
All’impianto di
depurazione
Scolmatore
(CSO)
Simulation of a CSO event
Agglomerato
Urbano
SUDS end-of-pipe
GORLA MAGGIORE (Province of
Milan – Italy) Population equivalent 2000
Drained surface 56 ha
1° flush of rain volume 989 m3
max flow 1° flush (l/s) 640
Total system area 7000 m2
Buffered water volume (m3) 7.700
Capex 900.000 €
Opex 5.000 €/y
In operation since 2012
SUDS end-of-pipe
GORLA MAGGIORE
SUDS end-of-pipe
Lyon (France) CSO CW
SUDS end-of-pipe Off-stream wetlands
O PER A D I PR ESA
TR AV ER SA PERD EV I A ZI O N E FLU SSO
STA G N O D ISED I MEN TA ZI O N E
PI A N TE A C Q U ATI C H ESPO N D A LI
ZO N A A MI C R O FI TESO MMER SE
LETTI FI LTR A N TIC O N PH R A G MI TES
I SO LA
PI A N TE A C Q U ATI C H ESPO N D A LI
SPEC C H I D IA C Q U A LI B ER A
D EV I ATO R ED I FLU SSO
SB A R R A MEN TO
STR U TTU R AD I U SC I TA
ZO N A I MMI SSI O N E
FL
US
SO
ZO N A MA C R O FI TE
ZO N A U SC I TA
ZO N A A C Q U APR O FO N D A
SED I MEN TA ZI O N E
ZO
NA
L
IT
OR
AN
EA
SUDS end-of-pipe Off-stream wetlands
CA’ DI MEZZO - CHIOGGIA (VE)
Parc de la Seille à Metz Jacques COULON et Laure Planchais – Landscape architect
SINBIO – Ecological Engineering
INGEROP – Geotechnicien
Yves Adrien – Light technology
Constructed 2000 - 2002
EXAMPLES
SABLON
QUEULEU
CENTRE
Parc de la Seille
Quartier de l’Amphithéâtr
e
Photo satellite Ville de Metz > geoportail.fr
Metz parc de la Seille – SINBIO + Jacques COULON
Run off from new urban development area
Reed bed filter 2200 m², 1200 m3
Pond, 2200 m3
Wetland, 600 m²
Dry basin, 2200 m3
Bisannuel to decennial storms Infiltration + limited discharge into Seille river
Discharge into Seille River
9 ha of active surface area (quartier de l’Amphithéâtre, Centre Pompidou – Metz) Collection and transfert of the decennial storm event Retention of the biannual storm event on the reed beds and the ponds, thus up to 3400 m3
Retention of the decennial storm in a dry bassin (playground), plus 4700 m3
Regulated outlow of 10 L/s
Reed bed filter : retention + filtration
Pond : additional retention volume
Metz parc de la Seille
Wetland : polishing and discharge
Outflow
regulation
Metz parc de la Seille
Playground :
Additional storage capacity for rare events + infiltration
Parc Ouagadougou, Grenoble
Winner of the NOVATECH award 2013
http://www.novatech.graie.org/
Irrigation of gardens with treated waters
Grenoble, parc Ouagadougou
Water 21, october 2013, page 12 - 14
Thanks for the attention