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Swindon Report

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Smoking education workshops delivered in Swindon Schools. Report - August 2016 Bobby Singh-Landa - Youth Development Officer Dr Steven Macey - Research and Policy Officer
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Page 1: Swindon Report

Smoking education workshops delivered in Swindon Schools. Report - August 2016

Bobby Singh-Landa - Youth Development Officer

Dr Steven Macey - Research and Policy Officer

Page 2: Swindon Report

ContentsIntroduction

Method

Findings

Differences in schools

Value added for Welsh Government

Principle findings

Discussions

Acknowledgements

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Introduction

The aim of this report is to provide an insight into young people’s attitudes towards tobacco use and smoking.

The work was delivered in ten different schools throughout the Borough of Swindon. The project was delivered between September 2015 and July 2016.

The initial aim of the project was to deliver a smoking and tobacco based intervention to year seven children between the ages of 11-12. The Filter project who specifically works with young peoplebetween the ages of 11-25 on issues around tobacco was commissioned by Swindon Borough Council’s healthy schools team to deliver the body of work.

The findings of the following report are based upon the evaluation questionnaires filled out after each session was completed in each school.

In total The Filter project delivered the intervention to 1647 young people across Swindon.

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Method

A number of trained youth work and smoking cessation professionals from ASH Wales delivered a variety of fun, interactive and informative smoking lessons to young people. ASH Wales used a mixture of presentations, role play and station based workshops which cover different topic areas of smoking. The Filter members of staff were able to inform the young people about the dangers of smoking, before providing a recap of the whole session to make sure the young people had learned new information.

The interventions took place with 1647 young people across ten schools. Every one of the young people who participated in the session filled out an evaluation form and they participated in a group exercise that aimed to measure their existing knowledge of smoking and tobacco. The young people were placed into groups and had to create a spider diagram based around their existing knowledge about smoking and tobacco. They were then required to feedback on their knowledge to the group and a member of The Filter staff would correct or enhance this information.

The evaluation questionnaire contained four questions;

• Gender? - Male/Female• After our session are you more likely to give up/never start smoking? - Yes/No• After our sessions which of the following do you know more about? - Dangers of Smoking/

Risks to health/ Cost of Smoking/ Image of smoking/ Electronic cigarettes/ Stereotyping/Why people start smoking/ How to quit smoking/ Where to go to get advice about or info on quitting smoking/ Companies that sell cigarette/ Anything else you know more about follow our session?

• On a scale of 1 to 10, where 1 is not harmful at all and 10 is extremely harmful, how harmful do you think it is to smoke cigarettes?

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The pre-formative and summative assessment techniques were consistent throughout the sessions across the eight different schools. The rest of the sessions themselves were not wholly consistent and varied from school to school. Some schools were able to look at the chemical effects of smoking in greater detail and some schools were able to design and perform small plays showing different smoking scenarios. The difference in the content of each session was due to the different amount of time each school could give The Filter to work with their young people. Some schools could only spare 30 minutes for groups that exceeded 200 young people at one time. Other schools were able to split the young people into smaller groups of 20-30 and give The Filter an hour with each.

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After three sessions it was decided by Swindon Borough Council and The Filter to try and standardise the sessions as much as possible. A lesson plan was created by The Filter with the help of Swindon Borough Council.

It was decided that using a slideshow and graphic images of the effects of smoking would be effective in explaining the damage that could be done to the body. The young people were also required to complete a body mapping exercise which meant they could demonstrate the knowledge they had learned through the graphic image slideshow. During the slideshow, images that described the different chemicals in cigarettes were also shown. One of the final parts of the new session plan was to provide young people with a class quiz. The young people would answer questions based around information that was contained in the session.

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Findings

In total, 1647 surveys were completed with 46% (n=762) done so by males and 49% (n=808) by females. In terms of ages, all of the participants were in year 7 and aged 11-12. The evaluation forms were completedin ten different schools in Swindon, with a different number of responses per school: Kingsdown School (14%), Commonweal School (12%), Highworth Warneford School (17%), Isambard School (12%), Swindon Academy (5%), Nova Hreod (6%), St Joseph’s School (8%), Ridgeway School (7%), Lydiard Park Academy (12%) and Churchfields Academy (9%). All of the schools covered different areas in Swindon.

A significant amount of participants said they were more likely to give up or never start smoking as a result of The Filter’s session; 84% (n=1371). Only 8% (n=127) said they were not more likely to give up or never start smoking as a result of The Filter’s session, which was less than the 9% of participants who did not provide an answer to the question.

Figure 1: After our session are you more likely to give up/never start smoking?

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84%(n=1371)

of the participants said they were more likely to give up or never start smoking after taking part in our programme.

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The topics a majority of participants knew more about following The Filter’s sessions were the ‘Dangers of smoking’ in which 86% of participants (n=1414) had an increased knowledge and ‘Risks to health’ in which (80% , n=1302) exhibited increased knowledge. The lowest percentage in terms of participants knowing more about the topic were ‘Companies that sell cigarettes’ (20%, n=331). The most popular answer to the open ended question; ‘What topics do you know more about?’ was the ‘chemicals found in cigarettes.’

86% (n=1414)

of young people know more about the dangers of smoking after taking part in our programme.

Figure 2: After our session which of the following do you know more about?

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Participants were asked to rate on scale a between 1 and 10 how harmful they thought it was to smoke a cigarette, with 1 being not harmful and 10 being extremely harmful. The most popular response was extremely harmful - 10 with 755 participants choosing this. Only eleven participants thought smoking was not harmful. On average participants rated smoking 9 out of 10 in terms of its level of harmfulness.

Figure 3: After our session which of the following do you know more about?

Figure 4: On a scale of 1 to 10 how harmful do you think it is to smoke cigarettes?

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Answer Options Response Percent Response CountDangers of smoking 86.3% 1414Risks to health 79.5% 1302Cost of smoking 45.7% 748Image of smoking 47.7% 782Electronic cigarettes 43.0% 704stereotyping 18.7% 306Why people start smoking 40.8% 668How to quit smoking 36.9% 604Where to get advice/info on quitting smoking 35.5% 581Companies that sell cigarettes 20.2% 331No answer provided 1.1% 18Other (please specify) 195

Answered question 1638Skipped question 17

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Gender differences

84% of males (n=631) and 87% of females (n=696) said they more likely to give up smoking or never start smoking after The Filter’s session. There was not a significant difference between males and females in terms of the likelihood they would give up or never start smoking after The Filter’s session.

Figure 5: On a scale of 1 to 10 how harmful do you think it is to smoke cigarettes?

Figure 6: Gender – After our sessions are you more likely to give up/never start smoking?

In terms of which topics each gender learned more about as a result of The Filter’s session, there were only big differences in ‘Stereotyping’ in which there was a 10% higher response by males. 8% more males relative to females said they knew more about why people start smoking, whilst 13% more males said they knew how to quit smoking compared to females.

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Level of Harmfulness Number of responsesNot Harmful 1 112 13 24 45 196 297 938 2539 333Extremely harmful 10 755

Rating Average 9Response Count 1500

After our session are you more likely to give up/never start smoking?Answer Options Male Female Response Percent Response CountYes 631 696 85.2% 1327No 64 57 7.8% 121No answer provided 60 50 7.1% 110

Answered question 1558Skipped question 12

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The most noticeable statistic from how harmful males and females thought that smoking a cigarette was after the Filter’s session was 44% of males (n=293) thought it was extremely dangerous, whilst 56% (n=423) of females thought this was the case. The rest of the rating scales were similar between males and females.

Figure 7: Gender – After our session which of the following do you know more about?

Figure 8: Gender – On a scale of 1 to 10 how harmful do you think it is to smoke cigarettes?

Answer Options Q2. Male Q2. Female Total Respondents

Dangers of smoking 84.39% (638) 87.86% (702) 1,340Risks to health 78.84% (596) 79.72% (637) 1,233Cost of smoking 48.68% (368) 42.30% (338) 706Image of smoking 49.60% (375) 45.81% (366) 741Electronic cigarettes 45.63% (345) 40.18% (321) 666Stereotyping 23.94% (181) 13.52% (108) 289Why people start smoking 44.58% (337) 36.92 (295) 632How to quit smoking 42.86% (324) 30.16% (241) 565Where to get advice/info on quitting smoking

38.49% (291) 31.79% (254) 545

Companies that sell cigarettes 23.68% (179) 16.02% (128) 307No answer provided 1.46% (11) 0.88% (7) 18Total 234.41% (3,645) 218.46% (3,397) 1,555

Other (please specify 72 Responses 110 Responses

Notharmful 1

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Extremely harmful 10

Total

Male 1.49% (10) 0.00% (0)

0.00% (0)

0.45% (3)

2.08% (14)

2.97% (20)

7.28% (49)

19.76% (133)

22.44% (151)

43.54% (293)

47.00% (673)

Female 0.13% (1) 0.13% (1)

0.26% (2)

0.13% (1)

0.53% (4)

1.05% (8)

5.40% (41)

15.15% (115)

21.48% (163)

55.73% (423)

53.00 (759)

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Differences in Schools

In terms of gender split St Joeseph’s Academy had the greatest gender percentage split; female (57%), male (39%) split. Nova Hreod had a higher percentage of males (56%), female (42%). Lydiard Park Academy was the only school with an equal gender split of 46% for each gender.

Figure 9: Difference in Schools – Gender of participants. (Percentage)

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Gender %Male %FemaleKingsdown 43 54Churchfields 55 40Commonweal 46 49Highworth 49 48Isambard 45 54Lydiard park 46 46Nova Hreod 56 42Ridgeway 45 48St Joseph’s 39 57Swindon Acad 38 53

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Nova Hreod Academy (90%) and Isambard School (80%) were the schools that reported the highest percentage of pupils who that would be likely to give up smoking or never start after the Filter’s session. Ridgeway School (18%) had the highest percentage of any school that said they were not going to be more likely to give up smoking or never start.

Figure 10: Difference in Schools – Are you more likely to give up smoking or never start? (Percentage).

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After our session are you more likely to give up/never start smoking?

% Yes % No

Kingsdown 79 8Churchfields 81 10Commonweal 88 8Highworth 82 6Isambard 89 4Lydiard park 81 2Nova Hreod 90 10Ridgeway 81 18St Joseph’s 82 10Swindon Acad 89 10

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Commonweal School (70%) and Lydiard Park Academy (64%) had the highest percentage of participants who rated smoking as 10-Extremely Harmful on the scale 1-10 harmfulness scale. All of the other schools had percentages between 30% and 55%. Isambard School had 2% of participants who said smoking was not harmful at all; this was the highest result amongst all of the schools with the rest of the schools percentages ranging from 0% to 1%.

Figure 11: Difference in Schools – On a scale of 1 to 10 how harmful do you think it is to smoke cigarettes? Results for 1- Not harmful and 10 – Extremely harmful displayed.

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On a scale of 1 to 10 how harmful do you think it is to smoke cigarettes?

% 1-Not harmful % 10-Extremely harmful

Kingsdown 1 47Churchfields 1 30Commonweal 1 70Highworth 0.4 55Isambard 2 44Lydiard park 1 64Nova Hreod 1 58Ridgeway 0 37St Joseph’s 0 38Swindon Acad 0 45

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Principal findings

• Highworth Warnerford School (17%) and Kingsdown School (14%) had the greatest number of young people participating in the study. The two schools accounted for 31% of participants for the whole study.

• A significant amount of participants said they were more likely to give up or never start smoking as a result of The Filter’s session; 84%. Only 8% said they were not more likely to give up or never start smoking as a result of The Filter’s session.

• The topics a majority of participants knew more about following The Filter’s sessions were the ‘Dangers of smoking’ in which 86% of participants knew more about and ‘Risks to health’ in which 80% knew more about. The lowest percentage in terms of participants knowing more about the topic were ‘Companies that sell cigarettes’ (20%.)

• The most popular response to how harmful participants thought smoking was on a scale of 1-10 was extremely harmful - 10 with 755 participants. Only eleven participants thought smoking was not harmful. On average participants rated smoking 9 out of 10 in terms of its level of harmfulness.

• There was not a significant difference between males (84%) and females (87%) in terms of the participants who said they were more likely to give up or never start smoking after The Filter’s session.

• The biggest gender differences in terms of the topics learnt after The Filter’s session was ‘Stereotyping’; (24% male and 14% female), ‘Why people start smoking’; (45% male and 37% female) and ‘How to quit smoking’ (43% male and 30% female).

• Lydiard Park Academy was the only school with an equal gender split of 46% for each gender.

• Nova Hreod Academy (90%) and Isambard School (80%) were the schools that reported the highest percentage of pupils that would be likely to give up smoking or never start after The Filter’s session. Ridgeway School (18%) had the highest percentage of any school that said they were not going to be more likely to give up smoking or never start.

• Commonweal School (70%) and Lydiard Park Academy (64%) had the highest percentage of participants who rated smoking as 10-Extremely Harmful on the scale 1-10 harmfulness scale. All of the other schools had percentages between 30% and 55%.

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Discussion

• The findings presented in this report show that a significant number of young people were positively affected by The Filter’s smoking session. A majority of young people said they were more likely not to start smoking and more likely to quit. Young people learned most about; risks to health and dangers of smoking, and this suggests that many of the young people who viewed the images that showed the effects of smoking have been affected.

• In terms of harmfulness, many young people recognised the dangers of smoking cigarettes. Only 11 young people said smoking cigarettes was not harmful, this could mean there were not a large number of smokers amongst the participants.

• There was little difference in comparing results between males and females in terms of their subject knowledge, except in the case of ‘Stereotyping’, ‘How to quit smoking’ and ‘Why people start smoking’ in which males said they knew significantly more about. This could mean males had a better understanding of what those topics meant, as well as having more confidence in being able to discuss those issues after learning more about them after The Filter’s session. More work around stereotyping, how to quit smoking and looking at the reasons why people smoke should be done with young females.

• Ridgeway school had the highest percentage of participants who said they were not more likely to give up or ever start smoking after The Filter’s session, further smoking education should be delivered in this school.

• In terms of the ages of participants, it could be beneficial to extend young people’s knowledge around issues related to tobacco and smoking. This would mean working with a younger age group focussing on preventative education, and working with older year groups focussing on smoking cessation workshops.

• This may result in working with primary schools and more secondary schools. In order to make more inferences from the data it would be advantageous to include the home postcodes of the young people. Through this information it would be possible to focus on the link between deprivation and smoking.

• All of the sessions delivered should be as standardised as possible. Although it would be unrealistic to have an equal amount of participants from each school, having a fairly equal percentage of participants per school would increase the validity of the study.

• A meeting with teaching staff before sessions are delivered to young people would enable the teaching staff to complement the sessions and have a greater understanding in terms of the structure of the session and what ASH Wales and Swindon Borough Council are trying to achieve.

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• After sessions are delivered it would be helpful to inform the young people about the session they have participated in through a summary leaflet. A summary leaflet could also be used to help inform families of the young people who may be subjecting their children to second hand smoke.

• It is also essential to ensure all schools have the correct facilities in order to enable The Filter to deliver effective sessions; this can range from projectors, microphones, tables, classrooms and halls.

• It is also recommended that schools are able to give at least one hour of time per set of 40 young people; this time period enables The Filter staff to deliver intensive smoking education which the young people will get the most out of.

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Acknowledgements

ASH Wales is grateful to Oliver Stadlberger, Brendan Mckieran and Prabhjot Chana for their contribution in helping deliver the workshops.

ASH Wales would like to acknowledge the role of all the young people who participated in workshops and those who filled out the evaluation form.

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@thefilterwales

/thefilterwales


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