Joint FAO/OIE Workshop on Swine Disease Control in Asia Beijing, PR China, 18-20 November 2014
COUNTRY REPORT
SWINE DISEASE SITUATION, CONTROL AND PREVENTION IN VIETNAM
Rapporteur: Nguyen Tung
Organization: Department of Animal Health
Joint FAO/OIE Workshop on Swine Disease Control in Asia
Basic information
Swine diseases history / situation
Swine disease control
Constraints / suggestions
Content
Joint FAO/OIE Workshop on Swine Disease Control in Asia
Basic information
Joint FAO/OIE Workshop on Swine Disease Control in Asia
Structure of Veterinary Services
Professional Centers
The National Center
for Vet. Diagnostics
The National Center
for Vet. Bio-products
Inspection 1, 2
The National Center
for Hygiene
Inspection 1, 2
DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL HEALTH
Function Divisions:
- Personnel and Administration
- Epidemiology
- Inspection & Quarantine
- Drug & Vaccine Management
- Legislation & Inspection
- Plan (Inter. Cooperation & Science)
- Finance
MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURAL
AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Regional Animal Health
Offices (RAHO)
No. 1
No. 2
No. 3
No. 4
No. 5
No. 6
No. 7
Regional Sub
Departments of
Animal Quarantine
and Inspection
Provincial Sub-Department of Animal Health
District Veterinary
Station
Domestic Inspection
Station
Communal
Veterinary Team
National Institute of
Veterinary Research
Veterinary Drug and
Vaccine Company
National Laboratory Network
3
4
5
10
7
8
1,2,9
6
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
Department of Animal Health
Regional Animal Health OfficesNo.1 Hanoi (2)No.2 Hai Phong (3)No.3 Vinh (4)No.4 Da Nang (5)No. 5 Ban Me Thuat (6)No.6 Ho Chi Minh (7)No.7 Can Tho (8)
National Institute of Veterinary ResearchHanoi (9)Nha Trang (10)
National Center Vet Diagnosis (1)
Joint FAO/OIE Workshop on Swine Disease Control in Asia
Pig industry
24500
25000
25500
26000
26500
27000
27500
28000
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
No of pig (x 1000)
<50 head/km2
50 – 99 head/km2
100 – 200 head/km2
> 200 head/km2
Joint FAO/OIE Workshop on Swine Disease Control in Asia
Swine diseases history / situation
Joint FAO/OIE Workshop on Swine Disease Control in Asia
Blue ear (PRRS)
Foot and mouth disease
Classical Swine Fever
Pasteurellosis
Erysipelas
Salmonellosis
Leptospirosis
E.coli
List of common diseases in pigs in VN
Joint FAO/OIE Workshop on Swine Disease Control in Asia
HP-PRRS in Vietnam
In March 2007, HP-PRRS was found in Hai Duong
province in the northern part of Vietnam.
Clinical and pathological findings similar to outbreaks
in China in 2006
HP-PRRS has become endemic in Vietnam
However, there seems to be a seasonal pattern in the
occurrence of HP-PRRS in Vietnam: winter to spring
in the north, and summer to autumn in the south.
Joint FAO/OIE Workshop on Swine Disease Control in Asia
PRRS 2007 PRRS 2008 PRRS 2009
Spatial comparison of the distribution of PRRS in Vietnam from 2007-2010
PRRS 2010
A summary of PRRS since 2007
Source: Epi.Div, DAH (2014)
Year Province District CommuneNo of
infected pigs
Disposals
2007 14 65 324 70,577 20,366
2008 28 103 982 309,586 300,906
2009 14 26 69 7,030 5,847
2010 49 289 2,065 833,641 457,708
2011 15 49 264 42,317 26,519
2012 23 74 353 77,482 44,962
2013 27 68 199 41,262 19,569
No outbreak since August of 2013
Joint FAO/OIE Workshop on Swine Disease Control in Asia
PRRS occurred in all three main areas in Vietnam: North +Middle and South.
PRRS outbreaks indicated that a highly path. PRRS virus iscirculating in Vietnam.
There are other pathogens involced in PRRS infection: CSF,P.multocida , Sal, Myco, Strep.suis, etc
PRRS epidemic was difficult to control.
Late detection and reports contributed to the rapid spreadand more difficult in control of PRRS outbreaks.
Uncontrollable/illegal animal movements within and tooutside infected areas have been the main pathway forspreading PRRS outbreaks.
High infection rate + high mortality and sudden deaths
Epidemiological characteristics
Joint FAO/OIE Workshop on Swine Disease Control in Asia
FMD in pigs
Year
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014*
Infected province 24 44 26 5 16 5 35 12 7 3
Infected pigs 7.012 33.468 12.386 67 499 1670 42.134 3.159 1.155 102
Dead/disposed 1.640 22.478 11.122 39 429 848 31.933 1.365 517 47
13
(* First 6 month)
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014*
Infected pigs Dead/disposed
Joint FAO/OIE Workshop on Swine Disease Control in Asia
FMDV Type O:
During 1999 – 2004 were topo-types Cathay (in pigs only) & Pan Asia.
During 2004-2006 with 3 topo-types: ME-SA, SEA -MYA98 & Cathay
During 2006-2009 was topo-type SEA-MYA98
From 2010 until now: main topo-type Pan Asia.
FMDV Type A: during 2006-2009 belonged to genotype IX (Asia)
FMDV Type Asia 1:
During 2005-2006 belonged to Group IV
In 2007 belonged to Group V
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Serotype distribution
Joint FAO/OIE Workshop on Swine Disease Control in Asia
Other diseases in pig
37202838
3379
12181931
1088373
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014*
CSFCSF
583 403 306 514 302 341
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000 Erisipelas
7603 5588 6453 69671935
80601848
-10000
10000
30000
50000
70000
90000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014*
Salmonellosis
716 716 632 662 777
2982
910
2000
4000
6000
8000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014*
Leptospirosis
6550 4426 4158 39427853 7896
1797
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014*
E.coli
7618 4527 5915 6747 6719 62351315
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014*
Pasteurellosis
Joint FAO/OIE Workshop on Swine Disease Control in Asia
Swine disease control
Joint FAO/OIE Workshop on Swine Disease Control in Asia
Swine disease control
Communication
Surveillance/early detection and timely report
Directions for the control of disease
Animal movement control
Destruction of infected animals
Improved pig management, including cleaning and disinfections.
International cooperation.
Vaccination
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Vaccination
Strictly applying vaccination, especially those diseases
in the list of the Government.
Supplementary vaccination for new animals in herds
(new born, new buying, etc. ).
CSF 1.559.899
Salmonella 672.255
Pasteurella 872.506
Erysipilas 8.120
Leptospira 10.601
E. Coli 11.927
Mycoplasma 1.320
Vaccines used in the first 6 months of 2014(Unit: Dose)
Joint FAO/OIE Workshop on Swine Disease Control in Asia 19
Improvement of laboratory system for diagnostics
To consolidate Epi Labnet of DAH.
Investment in infrastructures, equipments, reagents; strengthening training, educating on animal disease diagnosis and testing.
Joint FAO/OIE Workshop on Swine Disease Control in Asia 20
Policies & supports from the Government
A compensation policy (Decision No. 719/TTg-NNdated of 5 May 2008) was just circulated of whichfarmers can receive about 70% of market prices fortheir infected animals that must be culled.
In the FMD National Programme in 2011 – 2015,the Government subsidize 100% of FMD vaccine tocontrol zone and 50% to buffer zone
To build National stock of vaccines for emergencywhich includes FMD and CSF vaccines.
Joint FAO/OIE Workshop on Swine Disease Control in Asia
Swine disease management policy
To submit veterinary laws to National Assembly in 2014
To implement successfully FMD National Programme
To prepare National Programmes for PRRS and CSF.
To join “One Health”, in collaboration with Public health, environmentalists, wildlife experts in focus on zoonoses such as Leptospirosis, Streptococuss suisthat in a list of Joint Circular No. 16 between MOH and MARD on zoonotic diseases dated on 27/5/2013.
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Joint FAO/OIE Workshop on Swine Disease Control in Asia
Swine disease management policy
To strengthen cooperation and information sharing domestically and internationally.
To encourage free disease farms and to construct free disease zones.
To conduct risk assessment to some common swinediseases and to apply risk mitigation measures.
To strengthen swine disease control throughoutinformation sharing, surveillance, reporting system,disease investigation, etc.
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Joint FAO/OIE Workshop on Swine Disease Control in Asia
Constraints / suggestions
Joint FAO/OIE Workshop on Swine Disease Control in Asia
In-complete in veterinary regulations such as there is noveterinary laws existed yet in Vietnam.
Small scales of farms (Back yard production) therefore it isdifficult to apply a synchronized disease control measures.(Low biosecurity status)
Broad circulation of the virus in pig populations, more overweather changing, high huminity which affect to healthycondition of pigs and pathogens could rise up.
Low awareness of some farmers, some did not report thedisease, selling sick pigs or discard pig carcasses to publicareas
Low attention of local authority in disease control andprevention.
Low coverage of vaccination against dangerous diseases
Illegal trade is still not under the control strictly.
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Constraints
Joint FAO/OIE Workshop on Swine Disease Control in Asia
• Enhance national DAH epidemiology capacity
• Review legislation and regulations
• Upgrade laboratory
• Improve procedures for disease reporting
• Improve vaccination delivery
• Improve field surveillance
• Improve response to outbreaks
• Strengthen research
• Improve biosecurity of pig production and marketing
• Improve international border inspection procedures
Suggestions
Joint FAO/OIE Workshop on Swine Disease Control in Asia
Thanks for your attention
