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Swine flu(H1N1)
SWINE FLU
CONTENT’S
About Swine flu. Causes of swine flu. Symptom’s.Treatment.About the drug. Prevention & precaution’s.Conclusion.
SWINE FLU
1) What is swine flu…?
Swine flu is a disease which caused by orthomyxovirus.
Swine flu is an acute and highly spreading by contact respiratory disease.
Swine flu is also called as hog flu (or) pig flu.
Now a days the swine influenza A [H1N1] virus that has infected in human. Normally this virus is resistant to the antiviral drugs & also resistant to vaccine.
1920 1940 1960 1980 2000
H1N1
H2N2H3N2
1918: “Spanish Flu” 1957: “Asian Flu” 1968: “Hong Kong Flu”
20-40 million deaths 1-4 million deaths 1-4 million deaths
The Influenza Virus
Classification :
Swine influenza is known to be caused by influenza A subtypes they are… 1) H1N1, 2) H1N2, 3) H3N1, 4) H3N2, 5) H2N3.
Reassortment in pigs
Reassortment in humans
Pandemic Influenza Virus
How it is caused and when…?Reassortment in birds
H1N1 is spread primarily through contact with an infected person like the common flu.
Routes of transmission are mainly through coughing or sneezing. Also, the virus can survive on contaminated surfaces for up to 2 hours.
What are the Symptoms of Swine Flu …?
According to the CDC, like seasonal flu, symptoms of swine flu infections can include:
Fever. Cough. Runny nose or stuffy nose. Sore throat. Body aches. Headache. Chills. Vomiting. Aching muscles. Mild respiratory.
Serious Symptoms of Swine Flu..,
Acute respiratory distress. Bluish or gray skin color. Eye infections. Pneumonia. Viral pneumonia. Inflammation of the brain &heart. Vomiting.
TREATMENT
Relenza [Zanamivir], Tami flu [Oseltamivir], amantidine (symmetrel), rimantadine (Flumadine) are currently one of the most powerful drugs against the Swine flu virus.
Treatment by 2 types. Isolation Anti-viral treatment.
Isolation Precautions
About the drug…,
GENERIC NAME : zanamivir
BRAND NAME : Relenza
DRUG CLASS AND MECHANISM : Zanamivir is a neuraminidase inhibitor. That prevents the spread of influenza A
and B viruses.The viruses responsible for the "flu."
Neuraminidase is an enzyme that is required by the influenza viruses to spread from infected cells to healthy cells
Zanamivir blocks the action of neuraminidase there by reducing the spread of influenza. Since the spread of the viruses is prevented,
The symptoms and duration of infection are reduced..
STORAGE: Store at room temperature, 15-30°C (59-86°F)
PREGNANCY: Zanamivir has not been adequately evaluated in pregnant women.
SIDE EFFECTS: The most frequent side effects are
headaches, nausea, cough, vomiting anddizziness
Ear, nose and throat infections may occur. Patients who have asthma or other breathing
problems do not use this drug.DOSING: Zanamivir is administered by oral inhalation. The recommended dose is two inhalations
(5 mg per inhalation) twice daily for five days.
• No vaccine available to protect humans from swine flu
• Vaccine for human seasonal influenza does not protect against H1N1 swine flu viruses due to antigenic differences, but may provide partial protection against swine H3N2 virus
vaccination
Preventive & Precautions measures of swine flu…?
If hot water is not available, use an alcohol-based hand gel.
Wash your hands frequently with soap & hot running water.
Get a regular seasonal flu vaccination.
Avoiding contact with ill persons.
Staying at home if you are sick, to avoid affecting others.
N-95 Filtering Masks
Surgical Masks
Personal Protective Equipment(PPE)
Preventive-measures
Preventive-measures
Conclusion
BE AWARE OF SWINE FLU (pig flu).......
Reference
For the most current information on the H1N1 influenza outbreak, visit http://www.cdc.gov/h1n1flu/
http://www.who.int/csr/disease/swineflu/en/index.html
International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. "The Universal Virus Database, version 4: Influenza A". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/00.046.0.01.html
a b c d e f "Swine influenza". The Merck Veterinary Manual. 2008. http://www.merckvetmanual.com/mvm/index.jsp?cfile=html/bc/121407.htm. Retrieved on April 30, 2009.
V Trifonov, H Khiabanian, B Greenbaum, R Rabadan (30 April 2009). "The origin of the recent swine influenza A(H1N1) virus infecting humans". Eurosurveillance 4 (17). http://www.eurosurveillance.org/images/dynamic/EE/V14N17/art19193.pdf.
Maria Zampaglione (April 29, 2009). "Press Release: A/H1N1 influenza like human illness in Mexico and the USA: OIE statement". World Organisation for Animal Health. http://www.oie.int/eng/press/en_090427.htm. Retrieved on April 29, 2009.
Swine influenza World Health Organization 27 April 2009
"Influenza A(H1N1) frequently asked questions". WHO.int. http://www.who.int/csr/disease/swineflu/faq/en/index.html. Retrieved on 2009-05-07.