SYLLABUS

FOR

MASTER OF PHYSIOTHERAPY

M.P.Th. FIRST YEAR

(SPORTS MEDICINE)

M.P.Th. 101S: BASIC HEALTH SCIENCES

This course provides students an increased understanding of the function of the Sports in disease

and in health with an emphasis on current findings in the respective areas.

Through a study of pharmacology students will be provided information on the principles

guiding the prescription of medications and their effects, side effects and influence on exercise

when administered in disorders of the sports.

Following are the topics to be included but not limited to:

ANATOMY

1. Micro structure for various soft tissue structures

2. Ligaments, Muscle, bone, cartilage, articular cartilage tendon and disc

3. Embryology (ossification of various bones)

4. Musculoskeletal anatomy

5. Joints.

PHYSIOLOGY

1. Cell and its function

2. Electrophysiology

3. Membrane potential

4. Contraction of skeletal muscle

5. Metabolism

6. Muscle Physiology

7. Effects of ageing

PATHOLOGY

1. Immune system: Immune response, immunology and exercise, autoimmune diseases, iso

immune diseases

2. Oncology

3. Musculoskeletal system

4. Response to trauma, specific tissue injury

5. Metabolic disorders

6. Osteoporosis

7. Inflamation of the bursae and tendon

8. Tuberclosis – musculoskeletal

9. Joint and muscle-myofascial pain dysfunction, connective tissue disease, gout

10. Effects of ageing

PHARMACOLOGY

1. Pharmacokinetics

2. Anti-Anaemic

3. Anti-Coagulants

4. Thrombolytic Agents

5. CV Drugs

a. Cardiac Glycosides

b. Anti-Anginal

c. Peripheral Vasodilators

d. Anti-HTN

e. Anti-Arrhythmic

f. Anti-Hyperlipidaemic and Hypocholesterolaemic

6. Drugs Affecting Respiratory System and CNS

7. Hormones

8. Insulin

9. Steroids

10. Diuretics

Suggested Readings

1. Gray’s Anatomy

2. Pharmacology in Rehabilitation. Ciccone

3. Clinical Anatomy – Snell

4. Boyd’s Textbook of Pathology – A.C. Ritchie

M.P.Th.102S: MEDICAL AND SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF SPORTS INJURIES

Objectives:

By the completion of this chapter, the student will be able to:

1. Demonstrate proficiency in the usage of medical terminology associated with anatomical

structures commonly involved with athletic injury and disease.

2. Demonstrate proficiency in understanding medical word components, roots, prefixes and

suffixes.

3. Be able to define, spell and pronounce common acute and chronic pathologies associated with

athletic injury and disease.

4. Orally demonstrate mastery of medical terminology common to sports medicine.

5. Understand diagnostic procedures and therapeutic nomenclature associated with athletic

injuries and common illnesses.

6. Comprehend and use abbreviations common to medical records.

SECTION -I

1. Medical Aspects of Athletic Training: It is designed to expose the athletic training

student to the necessary recognition, evaluation and treatment skills needed to assess a

variety of medical conditions affecting athletes and physically active individuals.

Emphasis will be on developing clinical proficiencies of advanced assessment related to

pathologies and disorders affecting the endocrine, exocrine, respiratory and autonomic

nervous systems.

2. Standard Nomenclature of Athletic Injuries

3. Etiology and Evaluation of the head & neck injuries & unconscious athlete

a. Facial injuries

b. Cervical spine injuries

4. Etiology and Evaluation of the Trunk injuries

a. Chest/thorax injuries

b. Abdominal injuries

c. Spine injuries

5. Etiology and Evaluation of the Upper Extremity injuries

a. Shoulder injuries

b. Elbow/forearm injuries

c. Wrist/hand/finger injuries

6. Etiology and Evaluation of the Lower Extremity injuries

a. Hip & Thigh Injuries

b. Knee & Leg injuries

c. Ankle / Foot injuries

7. Environmental concerns

8. Non-athletic conditions

9. Female Athlete/ Adolescent Athlete

Section II: Surgical Management of Sports Related Injuries:

Surgical management of the above conditions, indications, contra-indications for surgery,

precautions after surgery.

Section III: Sports Psychology

a) Definition of terms

b) Sports psychology: Role of sports psychology in sport performance

c) Dynamics of Human Behaviors

(i). Instincts

(ii). Attention, interest & motivation

d) Personality of sports person.

e) Learning

(i). Nature & meaning of learning & maturation

(ii). Characteristics of learning

(iii). Laws of learning Maturation

(iv). Transfer of training

f) Group behaviors & leadership

(i). Nature of group behaviors

(ii). Types, quality, training & functioning of leadership

g) Anxiety, model stress & its implications on performance

(i). Isolated training

(ii). Sudden change in opponent

(iii). Audience stresses

(iv). Strategy changes

(v). Cognitive stress modelling

h) Contemporary stress reduction strategies

(i). Biofeedback

(ii). Mental coping strategies

(iii). Visual imagery

(iv). Meditation

i) Performance factors

(i). Stress and Performance

(ii) Motivation & performance

Suggested Readings

1. Starkey, C., & Ryan, J. L. (2002). Evaluation of Orthopedic and Athletic Injuries; F. A.

Davis.

2. Arnheim, D. D., & Prentice, W. E. (2000). Principles of Athletic Training, 10th Ed.

Brown &

Benchmark. (required)

3. Packet of Handouts: HLTH 3810 (to be purchased from Staples on 600 SE Greenville

Blvd - next to

the PetSmart store)

4. Bonsall, A.P. (1989). Anatomy Flash Cards: Musculature, 2nd. Ed. Mosby Yearbook.

5. Hoppenfeld, S. (1976). Physical examination of the Spine and Extremities. Appleton-

Century-Crofts.

6. Konin, J.G., Wiksten, D.L., & Isear, J.A. (1997). Special tests for Orthopedic

Examination.

Slack.Gylys, B.A., and Wedding, M.E. (1995) Medical Terminology- a Systems

Approach, (4th

edition). F.A. Davis.

7. Kapit, W. & Elson, L. (1977). The Anatomy Coloring Book, HarperCollins.

8. Thomas, C. L. (ed) (1997). Taber’s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary, F.A. Davis.

M.P.Th. 103: EXERCISE TESTING AND PRISCRIPTION

Scientific Foundations for Exercise Testing and Prescription

Functional Anatomy

Biomechanics

Exercise Physiology

Physiologic Effects of Aging and Deconditioning

Lifestyle Factors Associated with Health and Disease

Factors Associated with Increased Risk of Coronary Heart Disease

General Overview of Pre-Participation Health Screening and Risk Assessment

Physical Activity Status and Chronic Diseases

Physical Activity Assessment

Relationship of Nutrition to Chronic Diseases

Assessment of Dietary Intake

The Influence of Emotional Distress On Chronic Illness

Physical Fitness, Clinical, and Diagnostic Assessments

Body Composition

Muscular Fitness

Clinical Exercise Testing Related to Cardiovascular Disease

Assessment and Limitations Associated with Pulmonary Disease

Exercise Testing in Patients with Diabetes

Clinical Exercise Testing in Individuals with Disabilities Due to Neuromuscular

Disorders

Occupational and Functional Assessments

Diagnostic Procedures for Cardiovascular Disease

Dysrhythmias and Selected Conduction Defects

Myocardial Ischemia and Infarction

Exercise Prescription, Exercise Programming and Adaptations to Exercise Training

Cardiopulmonary Adaptations to Exercise

Adaptations to Resistance Training

Principles of Cardiorespiratory Endurance Programming

Principles of Musculoskeletal Exercise Programming

Weight Management

Applied Exercise Programming

Medical Considerations

Exercise Testing and Training for Individuals with Chronic Disease

Pathophysiology and Clinical Features of Cardiovascular Diseases

Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease

Exercise Training in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease

Treatment and Rehabilitation of Pulmonary Diseases

Diabetes Mellitus and Exercise

Exercise in Patients with End Stage Renal Disease

Osteoporosis and Exercise

Arthritis Diseases and Conditions

Neuromuscular Diseases and Exercise

Immunological Conditions

Human Behavioral Principles Applied to Physical Activity

Principles of Health Behavior Change

Channels for Delivering Behavioral Programs

Factors Associated with Regular Physical Activity Participation

Behavioral Strategies to Enhance Physical Activity Participation

Psychopathology

Health Counseling Skills

Exercise Program Administration.

The Exercise Program Professional and Related Staff

Health and Fitness Program Development and Operation

Clinical Exercise Program Development and Operations

Financial Considerations

Policies and Procedures for Program Safety and Compliance

Legal Considerations

Prescribed books

1. Exercise Testing & Prescription by David C. Neiman, Mc. Graw Hill

2. Exercise training and exercise prescription for special cases. Theoretical basis and clinical

application by James A. Skinner, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins

M.P.Th. 104: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND BIOSTATISTICS

This course will enable the student to read and critique research articles and understand

and apply the principles of research to perform a guided research as part of their course

requirement. Students will be provided an understanding of statistical measures used in the

analysis and interpretation of research data. Research designs and their implementation will be

discussed.

Following are the topics to be included but not limited to:

1. Research Fundamentals

Rehabilitation Research Definitions of Research Reasons for Developing Rehabilitation

Research Barriers to Rehabilitation Research Status of Rehabilitation Research., Theory

in Rehabilitation Research Relationships among Theory, Research, and Practice

Definitions of Theory Scope Measurement Theory Definitions of Measurement Scales of

Measurement Types of Variables Statistical Foundations of Measurement Theory

Measurement Frameworks Measurement Reliability Measurement Validity

Responsiveness to Change.

Methodological of Theory Evaluating Theory.

Research Ethics Boundaries Between Practice and Research Moral Principles of Action

Informed Consent Research Codes of Ethics Research Risks.

2. Research Design

Research Problems, Questions, and Hypotheses Developing Answerable Research

Questions Criteria for Evaluating Research Problems.

Research Paradigms Quantitative Paradigm Qualitative Paradigm Single-System

Paradigm Relationships Among the Research Paradigms.

Design Overview Identification of Variables Design Dimensions Control.

Research Validity Internal Validity Construct Validity External Validity Relationships

among Types of Validity.

Selection and Assignment of Participants Significance of Sampling and Assignment

Populations and Samples Probability Sampling Nonprobability Sampling Assignment to

Groups Sample Size.

3. Experimental Designs

Group Designs Randomized Controlled Trials Single-Factor Experimental Designs

Multiple-Factor Experimental Designs.

Single-System Design Problems with Group Designs Characteristics of Single-System

Designs Single-System Designs Limitations of Single-System Designs.

4. Nonexperimental Research

Overview of Nonexperimental Research Description Analysis of Relationships Analysis

of differences.

Clinical Case Reports Contributions of Case Reports to Theory and Practice Purposes of

Case Reports Format of Case Reports.

Qualitative Research Assumptions of the Qualitative Paradigm Qualitative Designs

Qualitative Methods.

Epidemiology Ratios, Proportions, and Rates Screening and Diagnosis Nonexperimental

Epidemiological Designs.

Outcomes Research Purpose of Outcomes Research Frameworks for Outcomes Research

Measurement Tools for Outcomes Research Design Issues for Outcomes research.

Survey Research Scope of Survey Research Types of Information Types of Items

Implementation Overview Mailed Surveys Internet Surveys Interview Surveys

5. Measurement

Research Reliability Designs Validity Designs Responsiveness Design

6. Data Analysis

Statistical Reasoning Data Set Frequency Distribution Central Tendency Variability

Normal Distribution Sampling Distribution Significant Difference Errors Power

Statistical Conclusion Validity.

Statistical Analysis of Differences: The Basics Distributions for Analysis of Differences

Assumptions of Tests of Differences Independence or Dependence of Samples Steps in

the Statistical Testing of Differences Statistical Analysis of Differences.

Statistical Analysis of Differences: Advanced and Special Techniques Advanced

ANOVA Techniques Differences Between More Than One Independent Variable

Analysis of Single-System Designs Survival Analysis Hypothesis Testing with

Confidence Intervals Power Analysis.

Statistical Analysis of Relationships: The Basics Correlation Linear Regression.

Statistical Analysis of Relationships: Advanced and Special Techniques Reliability

Analysis Multiple Regression Logistic Regression Discriminant Analysis Factor Analysis

7. Being a Consumer

Locating the Literature Types of Information Types of Professional Literature Focused

Literature Search Ongoing Literature Search Obtaining Literature Items.

Evaluating Evidence One Article at a Time Elements of a Research Article Guidelines for

Discussing Published Research Generic Evaluation of Original Research Studies Generic

Evaluation of Review Articles Structured Evaluation by Clinical Research Issues

Evaluation of Levels of Evidence Evaluation of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Synthesizing Bodies of Evidence Reasons to Synthesize the Literature Ways to

Synthesize the Literature Preparing for a Systematic Review Synthesizing the Literature

Reporting on Systematic Reviews

8. Implementing Research

Implementing a Research Project Proposal Preparation Human Participants Protection

Funding Obtaining Participants Data Collection Data Analysis.

Publishing and Presenting Research Publication of Research Presentation of Research

Suggested Readings

1. Handbook of Research in Physical Therapy. CE Bork

2. Physical Therapy Research: Principles and Application. E Domholdt

3. Research Methodology for Physical Therapists. C Hicks

M.P.Th. 105: SEMINARS ON CLINICAL ISSUES

These will serve as a platform for students to integrate various components of patient

management and debate contentious issues in the efficacy of Physiotherapy techniques. Students

will give presentations on topics provided to them.

M.P.Th. 106S: PHYSIOTHERAPY-I

THERAPEUTIC PRINCIPLES OF REHABILITATION IN SPORTS

INJURIES

Objectives: After completion, the student will be able to …

Evaluate; treat; instruct; monitor & provide corrective or positive feedback; reassess; and

progress an athlete through the rehabilitative process from initial injury to return to play.

Describes and demonstrate the appropriate selection and application of therapeutic

exercises taking account for the body’s physiological response to injury; immobilization or

activity; age; disease; and adaptations along with the psychological necessities demonstrated by

the athlete.

Describe the indications, contraindications, theory, and principles for the incorporation

and application of various contemporary therapeutic exercises.

Describe and demonstrate knowledge of the components of medical documentation; uses

appropriate medical terminology and objective along with functional measurement results; and

interprets physician notes and exercise prescriptions as they pertain to rehabilitation or

reconditioning plan.

Apply manufacturer’s guidelines for inspection, set-up, and maintenance of therapeutic

exercise equipment.

Section I: Evaluation & Examination

1. Evaluation Process in Rehabilitation

a. Importance of evaluation & assessment

b. Methods of evaluation- interview, clinical examination, field test, reliability &

validity of each test & investigative procedure

c. Evaluation of physical fitness

d. Musculoskeletal screening

e. Pre-participation Exam

f. On-Field and Off-Field Evaluation Process

g. Documentation in Rehabilitation

2. Rehabilitation of Shoulder, Elbow, Wrist, Fingers, Hip, Groin, Thigh, Knee,

Lower Leg, Ankle, chest, abdomen and spine

a. Functional Anatomy and Biomechanics

b. Rehabilitation Techniques

c. Reh abilitation Techniques for Specific Injuries

Section II: Therapeutic Modalities in Sports

Objectives:

Upon Completion of this course, the student will be able to:

Understand the body’s normal immediate and delayed physiological response to

trauma and the inflammation process.

Understand the physiological principles in the use of therapeutic modalities and

the body's physiological responses during and following the application of

therapeutic modalities.

Compare the effects of immobilization and remobilization on soft tissue and the

resulting implications for selection and use of therapeutic modalities.

Describe the prevailing pain control theories and associated rationale for the

selection and use of physical agents and/or psychological techniques for the

control of acute and chronic pain.

Understand the terminology and principles of electricity including basic concepts

associated with the electromagnetic and acoustic spectra (frequency, wavelength,

etc.) and electrical units (ampheres, volts,etc.)

Describe the electrophysics, biophysics, physiological effects, and therapeutic

Indications and contraindications associated with the application of (a)

electrotherapeutic modalities, (b)hydrotherapy modalities, (c) cryotherapy, (d)

thermotherapy, (e) paraffin, (f) cervical and lumbar traction,

(g) Intermittent compression devices, (h) soft tissue massage, (I) joint

mobilization, (j) and other contemporary therapeutic modalities.

Demonstrate proper techniques and assessment skills in using therapeutic

modalities including patient preparation and preparation, set-up, determination of

dosage, and operational procedures. The methods of

evaluating and recording progress of the therapeutic modality treatments and

ability to select and apply appropriate parameters to the situation.

Identify indications, contraindications, and precautions for the use of therapeutic

modalities of athletic injuries.

Discuss the federal, state and/or local regulations pertaining to operation, safety

and sanitary standards for health care facilities and the installation, inspection and

maintenance of therapeutic equipment.

Describe the role and function of the common prescription and non prescription

pharmacological agents that are used in conjunction with therapeutic modalities

(i.e. topical ointments, phonophoresis, iontophoresis)

Present the basis for use of different therapeutic modalities to allow the athletic

trainer to make one’s own decision as to what will be most effective in a given

situation.

This Section consists of the in-depth study in theory and application of therapeutic

modalities in relation to the treatment of athletic injuries.

1. Ultrasound

2. Diathermy

3. VMS II

4. Interferential/vacuum

5. Chat. 700C

6. TENS

7. MENS

8. JOBST

9. Multi-EMS

10. Ionophoresis (if available)

11. Traction

Section III: Therapeutic Exercise & Techniques

1. Restoring Range-of-Motion and Improving Flexibility

a. Importance of Flexibility and ROM

b. Anatomical Factors that Limit Flexibility

c. Neurophysiologic Basis of Stretching

2. Strength and Isokinetic

a. Types of Skeletal Muscle Contraction and Physiology of Strength

Development

b. Factors that Determine Levels of Muscular Strength, Endurance, and

Power

c. Resistance Training Differences between Male &Female and between

Child & Adult

3. Aquatic, Cardiorespiratory Endurance, and Functional Progression

a. Training Effects on the Cardiorespiratory System

b. Physical Properties and Resistive Forces in Aquatic Therapy

c. Role and Benefits of Using Functional Progressions and Exercises

d. Advantages and Disadvantages of Aquatic, Cardiorespiratory

endurance, and Functional Progression

4. Neuromuscular Control, Balance, and Postural Equilibrium

a. The Physiology of Mechanoreceptors

b. Postural Control System

c. Assessment of Neuromuscular Control versus Balance versus Postural

Equilibrium

d. Injury and Balance, Neuromuscular Control, and Postural Equilibrium

5. Plyometric Exercise and Open-Kinetic-Chain versus Closed-Kinetic-Chain

Exercises.

a. Biomechanical and Physiological Principles of Plyometric Training

b. Plyometric Program Guidelines, Precautions, Development, Design,

and Implementation

c. Concept of the Kinetic Chain

d. Biomechanics of Open- versus Closed-Kinetic Chain Activities for both

the Lower and Upper Extremity

6. Manual Therapy Techniques in Rehabilitation

a. Joint Mobilizations

b. Sports Massage

c. Traction

d. Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Techniques

e. Rationale for Use of Mobilization, Traction, and PNF Techniques

f. Manipulation and soft tissue release

7. Exercise Programming for Special Populations

Students study the rationale and principles of exercise programming for populations with

special needs (cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease, diabetes, obesity, older adults,

children, pregnancy, Disabled athlete).

Required Readings:

References

1. Prentice, William E., Rehabilitation Techniques in Sports Medicine, St. Louis:

McGraw Hill Publishing Company.

2. Gray, Gary W., Lower Extremity Functional Profile, 1st Edition, Adrian, MI: Wynn

Marketing.

3. Prentice, W. “Therapeutic Modalities for Allied Health Professionals” McGraw Hill.

4. Norkin & White: Measurement of Joint Motion - A Guide to Goniometry - F.A.Davis.

5. Dvir: Isokinetics: Muscle Testing, Interpretation and Clinical Applications, W.B.

Saunders.

6. Reed: Sports Injuries - Assessment and Rehabilitation, W.B. Saunders.

7. Lillegard, Butcher & Rucker: Handbook of Sports Medicine: A symptom - Oriented

Approach,

8. Butterworth & Heinemann Baker: The Hughston Clinic Sports Medicine Book, Williams

& Wilkins

9. Sinha A.G.: Principle and Practices of Therapeutic Massage - Jaypee Brothers, New

Delhi

10. Basmajian John V.: Therapeutic Exercise, Williams & Wilkins.

11. William E. Prentice: Rehabilitation Techniques - Mosby.

12. Werner Kuprian: Physical Therapy for Sports, W.B. Saunders.

13. Andrea Bates and Norm Hanson: Aquatic Exercise Therapy, W.B. Saunders.

14. Hartley: Practical Joint Assessment, A Sports Medicine Manual, upper and lower

quadrants, C.V. Mosby.

15. Kennedy: Mosby’s Sports Therapy Taping Guide.

16. Malone: Orthopeadic and Sports Physical Therapy, C.V. Mosby.

17. Albert: Eccentric Muscle Training in Sports and Orthopeadics, W.B. Saunders.

18. Voss et al - Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation - Patterns & Techniques-

Williams & Wilkins.

M.P.Th. 107P: PHYSIOTHERAPY-I (PRACTICAL)

PHYSIOTHERAPY MANAGEMENT IN DISORDERS OF THE SPORTS

INJURIES (PRACTICAL)

Students will be instructed via demonstrations, hands on techniques, field visits and case

conferences on specific techniques used in management of patients with sports injuries.

Students will draw on their experiences at the clinical postings to formulate a treatment

plan for cases presented at the case conference.

SYLLABUS

FOR

MASTER OF PHYSIOTHERAPY

M.P.Th. SECOND YEAR

(SPORTS MEDICINE)

M.P.Th. 201: MANAGEMENT AND EDUCATION

This course deals with basic issues of management to assist the practitioner in efficiently

addressing issues related to the organization and administration of a Physiotherapy Department.

It provides the student with an introduction to ethical issues facing physiotherapists.

Specific topics include documentation. A variety of current issues affecting the physiotherapy

profession are addressed in this course. The science of management is presented as it relates to

the essential functions of the business of physiotherapy. The education module of this course will

provide students information on improving their teaching skills in the classroom and clinical

setting. Educational theory is presented. Students develop and present educational units to

audiences that may include Bachelor of Physiotherapy students or peers.

Following are the topics to be included but not limited to:

MANAGEMENT

1. Management - Functions of Management, Evolution of Management through Scientific

Management Theory, Classical Theory - Systems Approach - Contingency Approach.

2. Management Process - Planning, Organization, Direction, Controlling Decision Making

3. Introduction to Personal Management - Staffing Recruitment Selection, Performance

Appraisal, Collective Bargaining, Discipline, Job Satisfaction

4. Quantitative Methods of Management - Relevance of Statistical And / Or Techniques in

Management.

5. Marketing - Market Segmentation, Marketing Research Production Planning Pricing,

Channels of Distribution, Promotion, Consumer Behavior, and Licenser

6. Total Quality Management- Basis Of Quality Management - Acid For Quality Control Quality

Assurance Program In Hospitals, Medical Audit, And International Quality Systems.

ADMINISTRATION

1. Hospital As An Organization - Functions And Types Of Hospitals Selected Clinical

Supportive And Ancillary Services Of A Hospital, Emergency Department, Nursing, Physical

Medicine & Rehabilitation,

Clinical Supportive and Ancillary Services Of A Hospital, Emergency Department Nursing

Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Clinical Laboratory, Pharmacy And Dietary Department

2. Roles Of Physiotherapist, Physiotherapy Director, Physiotherapy Supervisor, Physiotherapy

Assistant, Physiotherapy Aide, Occupational Therapist, Home Health Aide, Volunteer.

3. Direct Care and Referral Relationships and Confidentially.

LEGAL PROFESSIONAL ETHICAL ISSUES

1. Physiotherapy: Definition and Development.

2. The Implications & Conformation to the Rules of Professional Conduct.

3. Legal Responsibility for Their Actions in the Professional Context and Understanding the

Physiotherapist’s Liability And Obligations In The Case Of Medical Legal Action.

4. Code of Ethics

5. A Wider Knowledge Of Ethics Relating To Current Social and Medical Policy in the

Provisions of Health Care.

6. Functions of the Relevant Professional Associations Education Body and Trade Union.

7. The Role of the International Health Agencies Such as the World Health Organizations.

8. Standards of Practice for Physiotherapists

9. Current Issues.

Suggested Readings

1. Basic Management. Trivedi

2. Market Segmentation Theory. P Cotler

3. Hospital Administartion. Sundaran

4. Byelaws of the Delhi Council for Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy

EDUCATION

1. Philosophy of Education and Emerging Issues in Education: Meaning, Functions and Aims of

Education,

Formal, Informal and Non-Formal Education, Agencies of Education, Current Issues and Trends

in Higher Education (Issue of Quality in Higher Education, Autonomy and Accountability,

Privatizations, Professional Development Of Teachers, Education Of Persons With Disabilities),

Need For Educational Philosophy (Some Major Philosophies, Idealism Naturalism, Pragmatism

And Their Implications For Education)

2. Concept of Teaching and Learning: Meaning And Scope Of Educational Psychology, Meaning

And Relationship Between Teaching And Learning, Learning Theories, Dynamics Of Behavior,

Individual Differences

3. Curriculum: Meaning and Concept, Basis of Curriculum Formulation Development, Framing

Objectives for Curriculum, Process of Curriculum Development and Factors Affecting

Curriculum Development, Evaluation Of Curriculum

4. Method and Techniques of Teaching: Lecture, Demonstration, Discussion, Seminar,

Assignment, Project and Case Study.

5. Planning for Teaching: Bloom’s Taxonomy of Instructional Objectives, Writing Instructional

Objectives in Behavioral Terms. Unit Planning and Lesson Planning.

6. Teaching Aides: Types of Teaching Aides, Principles of Selection, Preparation, and Use of

Audio-Visual Aides.

7. Measurement And Evaluation: Nature Of Educational Measurement: Meaning, Process, Types

Of Tests, Construction Of An Achievement Test And Its Analysis, Standardized Test,

Introduction Of Some Standardized Tools, Important Tests Of Intelligence, Aptitude,

Personality, Continuous And Comprehensive Evaluation

8. Guidance And Counseling: Meaning And Concepts Of Guidance And Counseling, Principles,

Guidance And Counseling Services For Students And Faculty Members, Faculty Development

And Development Of Personnel For P.T. Services

9. Clinical Education: Awareness and Guidance to the Common People about Health and

Diseases and Available Professional Services, Patient Education, Education of the Practitioners.

Suggested Readings

1. Principles of Education – Soti Shivendra Chandra and Rajendra K. Sharma

2. Philosophical Foundation of Education – Srinibas Bhattacharya

3. Sociological Foundation of Education – Srinibas Bhattacharya

4. Psychological Foundation of Education – Srinibas Bhattacharya

M.P.Th. 202: BIOMECHANICS

Students will be able to identify and apply principles of biomechanics while setting up

individualized treatment protocols.

Following are the topics to be included but not limited to:

1. Fundamental Mechanics

a) Forces

b) Moments

c) Newton's Lows

d) Composition And Resolution Of Forces

e) Static Equilibrium

f) Dynamic Equilibrium

g) Force Systems

h) Levers

i) Pulley Systems

j) Density & Mass

k) Segmental Dimensions

l) Stress And Strain

m) Modulus of Rigidity and Modulus of Elasticity

n) Poisson’s Effect

o) Strain Energy

p) Static and Cyclic Load Behaviors

q) Load

r) Load Sharing and Load Transfer

2. Kinematics

a) Types of Motion

b) Location of Motion

c) Magnitude of Motion

d) Direction of Motion

e) Angular Motion and Its Various Parameters

f) Linear Motion and Its Various Parameters

g) Projectile Motions

3. Kinetics

a) Definition of Forces

b) Force Vectors

c) Naming of Force

d) Force of Gravity & COG

e) Stability

f) Reaction Forces

g) Equilibrium

h) Linear Forces System

i) Friction and Its Various Parameters.

j) Parallel Force Systems

k) Concurrent Force Systems

l) Work Powers & Energy

m) Moment Arms of Force

n) Force Components

o) Equilibrium of Force

4. Muscles Mechanics

a) Structure & Composition of Muscle

b) Fiber Length & Cross Section Area

c) Mechanical Propertied

d) EMG Changes during Fatigue & Contraction.

e) Changes in Mechanical Properties because of Ageing and Exercised & Immobilization.

f) Clinical Applications

5. Ligament & Tendon Mechanics

a) Structure and Composition

b) Mechanical Properties

c) Cross Sectional Area Measurements

d) Muscle Tendon Properties

e) Temperature Sensitivity

f) Changes in Mechanical Properties because of Aging, Exercise and Immobilization

g) Mechanoreceptors

h) Clinical Applications

6. Joint Mechanics

a) Joint Design

b) Joint Categories

c) Joint Functions

d) Arthrokinematics

e) Osteokinematics

f) Kinematic Chairs

g) Joint Forces, Equilibrium & Distribution of These Forces

h) Degenerative Changes In Weight Bearing Joints & Compensatory Actions

i) Joint Stability & Its Mechanisms

j) Clinical Applications

7. Measurement Instruments

a) Goniometer

b) Accelerometer

c) Photo Optical Devices

d) Pressure Transducers & Force Plates

e) Gait Analyzer

f) Isokinetic Device

g) EMG

h) Electrophysiology of Muscle Contraction

i) Recording

j) Processing

k) Relationship between EMG and Biomechanical Variables

8. Mechanical Energy, Work & Power

a) Definitions

b) Positive and Negative Work of Muscles

c) Muscle Mechanical Power

d) Causes of Inefficient Movement

e) Co- Contractions

f) Isometric Contraction Against Gravity Jerky Movement

g) Energy Generation at one Joint and Absorption at another

h) Energy Flow

i) Energy Storage

9. Posture and Gait

a) Posture-

i. Standing

ii. Sitting

b) Pathokinesiology

c) Gait Parameter

d) Kinetic

e) Kinematic

f) Time – Space

g) Pathological Gait

h) Running

i) Stair Climbing

j) Changes in Gait Following Various Surgeries /Diseases / Disorders.

10. Orthosis & Prosthesis

a) Orthosis of Spine

b) Orthosis of Upper Limb

c) Orthosis of Lower Limb

d) Prescriptions Checkouts & Proper Fittings

e) Biomechanical Principles Governing them

f) Aids Used In Management of Disability

Kinesiology

1. Arthrology and Arthrokinematics, Kinetics, Pathokinesiology

a) Shoulder

b) Elbow

c) Wrist and Hand

d) Hip

e) Knee

f) Ankle and Foot

g) Trunk

h) Respiration

2. Cardiopulmonary Mechanics

a) Cardiac Mechanics

b) Pulmonary Mechanics

c) Vascular Mechanics

Suggested Readings:

1. Biomechanics of Human Movement. D Winter

2. Kinesiology: Application to Pathological Motion. GL Soderberg

3. Brunnstrom’s Clinical Kinesiology. LK Smith, EL Weiss, LD Lehmkuhl

4. Kinesiology.: Scientific Basis of Human Motion. K Luttgens, N Hamilton

M.P.Th. 203: SEMINARS ON CLINICAL ISSUES

These will serve as a platform for students to integrate various components of patient

management and debate contentious issues in the efficacy of Physiotherapy techniques. Students

will give presentations on topics provided to them

M.P.Th. 204: DISSERTATION

As part of the requirement for the Master’s degree the student is required to undertake a

research study under the guidance of a guide Issues of musculoskeletal disorders may be studied

on patients or normal individuals

M.P.Th. 205S: PHYSIOTHERAPY-II

SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY AND REHABILITATION

This course provides students with the principles of Physiotherapy management in sports

related injuries and in sports training and the application of thesis principles in specific disorders.

Through lectures, case conferences, journal discussions and class discussions students will be

able to set up a treatment programme tailored to the patient’s needs.

Following are the topics to be included but not limited to:

Section I

A. Sports Bio Mechanics: Basic principles of biomechanics are reinforced with added emphasis

on the changes

in biomechanical function and their subsequent effect on the potential and influence on overuse

injuries.

Running

Throwing

Jumping,

Swimming

Cycling. etc

B. Pathokinesiology: The student to analyze, explain and correct abnormal human movement of

the above Sports Bio mechanics using a variety of evaluative techniques and computerized tools.

C. Physiotherapy management of injuries related to specific sports: This includes the application

of the above two sections to specific sports like the following:

Injuries related to cricket

Injuries related to judo

Injuries related to Throw ball

Injuries related to Basket ball

Injuries related to Discus throw

Injuries related to Football

Injuries related to Baseball

Injuries related to Badminton

Injuries related to tennis

Injuries related to Gymnastics

Injuries related to Javelin

Injuries related to Running

Injuries related to Swimming

Injuries related to Jumping

Injuries related to Cycling

Section II

Sports Ergonomics: A study of the sporting environment and its effect on injury mechanism,

prevention and rehabilitation. The principles of injury pathomechanics, tissue responses to

loading and the role of sports equipment in sports injury prevention and rehabilitation. The

following specific areas will be studied

Equipment design and injury - sports engineering.

Mechanical support to the body - taping, splinting, braces, orthotics.

Protective equipment - body padding, mouthguards, helmets, headgear,etc.,

Sport-specific problems.

Shoe-surface interaction (Athletic Shoes) - footwear design, surface characteristics,

traction, various modifications and adaptations in shoes for specific situations and

conditions. The evaluation of shoes and shoe prescription.

Section III

Current Issues in Sports Physical Therapy: Presentation and discussion of current topics in

sports physical therapy. Each specific topic, area or problem which is not adequately covered in

the curriculum as determined by the needs of the students is covered in depth

M.P.Th. 206S: PHYSIOTHERAPY-II (PRACTICAL)

Students will be instructed via demonstrations, hands on techniques, field visits and case

conferences on specific techniques used in management of patients with sports injuries. Students

will draw on their experiences at the clinical postings to formulate a treatment plan for cases

presented at the case conference.