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Synapse and Communication Between Nerve CellsBig Ideas: #2 and #4
Site of Chemical Signal: Synapse
Types: Excitatory vs. Inhibitory
Serotonin Functions in Humans• Mood• Linked to both depression and
anxiety• How can it link to both?
• Suppresses insulin release• Promotes sleep• Restricts blood vessels• Increases peristalsis
• How does depression affect the whole body?
Serotonin in C. elegans Model Organism• Serotonin controls egg-laying…Why?• Serotonin rich environments—food available• Serotonin poor environments—food not
available
• Might serotonin have similar effects on human sexual reproduction?
Model Synapse: Serotonin
Effect of Drugs on Serotonin Synapse
• Non-controlled drugs and their effect on the synapse:• LSD• MDMA
• Role of SSRI’s• What are prescription
medications?• What do SSRI’s treat?• Why are SSRI’s important yet
a “band aid” for depression?
Investigating NeurotransmittersNeurotransmitter E or I? Summarize
ActivityDiseases How might
drugs alter effects?
Serotonin Inhibitory Mood, sleep, apetite control
Depression SSRI: Block re-uptake
Acetylcholine
Dopamine
Glutamine
GABA
Norepiniphrine
Summary:
Formative Assessment• Pick a neurotransmitter that interests you!• Draw a synapse to show its function.• Drug Design: Identify 3 ways the effects of that
neurotransmitter could be altered by a drug.• At least one must upregulate the effects of the neurotransmitter.• At least one must downregulate the effects of the
neurotransmitter.• The drugs cannot “mimic” the neurotransmitter itself…it is hard
to control dosage of this (most illegal drugs mimic NT’s)
*HINT: What does this sound like?