PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition
Copyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.8 - 1
Systems Analysis and Systems Analysis and DesignDesign
Alan Dennis, Barbara Haley Wixom, and Roberta RothJohn Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Slides by Candace S. GarrodRed Rock Community College
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition
Copyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.8 - 2
Moving into DesignMoving into Design
Chapter 8
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd EditionCopyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.8 - 3
Key Definitions
Design phaseDecide how to build the systemCreate system requirements that describe technical details for building the system
System specificationFinal deliverable from design phaseConveys exactly what system the design team will implement during the implementation phase
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd EditionCopyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.8 - 4
Transition from Requirement to Design
Influences on the Acquisition StrategySelecting a Design StrategySelecting a System Acquisition StrategySelecting a System Acquisition StrategyDeveloping an Alternative MatrixDeveloping an Alternative MatrixDeveloping an Alternative Matrix
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd EditionCopyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.8 - 5
Classical Design Mistakes
Reducing design timeFeature creepSilver bullet syndromeSwitching tools in mid-project
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd EditionCopyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.8 - 6
Design Strategies
Custom development (build from scratch) in-housePurchase software package (and customize it)Outsource development to third party
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd EditionCopyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.8 - 7
Custom Development
PROS
Allows flexibilityand creativity
Consistent with existingtechnology and standards
Builds technical skills and functional knowledge in-house
CONS
Requires significant timeand effort
May exacerbate existingbacklogs
May require missing skills
Often costs more
Often takes more calendartime
Risk of project failure
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd EditionCopyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.8 - 8
Packaged SoftwareAvailable for many common business needsTested, proven; cost and time savingsRarely a perfect fit with business needsMay allow for customization
Manipulation of system parametersChanging way features workSynchronizing with other application interfaces
May require workarounds
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd EditionCopyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.8 - 9
Systems Integration
Building systems by combining packages, legacy systems, and custom piecesIntegrating data is the key
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd EditionCopyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.8 - 10
Outsourcing
Hiring an external vendor, developer, or service providerMay reduce costs or add valueRisks include possibly
Losing confidential informationLosing control over future developmentLosing learning opportunities
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd EditionCopyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.8 - 11
Outsourcing Contracts
Time and arrangementsFixed-priceValue-added
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd EditionCopyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.8 - 12
Outsourcing Guidelines
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition
Copyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.8 - 13
INFLUENCES ON THE INFLUENCES ON THE ACQUISTION STRATEGYACQUISTION STRATEGY
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd EditionCopyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.8 - 14
Selecting a Design Strategy
Consider each of the following when deciding what strategy to use:
Business needIn-house experienceProject skillsProject managementTime frame
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd EditionCopyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.8 - 15
Selecting a System Acquisition Strategy
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd Edition
Copyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.8 - 16
SELECTING AN SELECTING AN ACQUISITION STRATEGYACQUISITION STRATEGY
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd EditionCopyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.8 - 17
Developing an Alternative Matrix
What tools and technologies are needed for a custom development project?What vendors make products that address the project needs?What service providers would be able to build this application if outsourced?
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd EditionCopyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.8 - 18
Developing an Alternative Matrix
Combine several feasibility analyses into one matrixInclude technical, budget, and organizational feasibilitiesAssign weights to indicate the relative importance of the criteriaAssign scores to indicate how well the alternative meets the criteria
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd EditionCopyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.8 - 19
Developing an Alternative Matrix
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd EditionCopyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.8 - 20
Your Turn
If your university were investing in an on-line registration system, would you recommend --
Building it in-house? Buying a package? Outsourcing the project?
What is the basis for your recommendation?
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd EditionCopyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.8 - 21
Summary Slide
System Design Phase – transitioning from requirements to designDesign all the elements of the systemFirst Task – determine the system acquisition strategy
Custom developmentPurchase software packageOutsource
Use Alternatives Matrix to structure the system acquisition decision
PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom, & Roth Systems Analysis and Design, 3rd EditionCopyright 2006 © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.8 - 22
Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
All rights reserved. Reproduction or translation of this work beyond that permitted in Section 117 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without the express written permission of the copyright owner is unlawful. Request for further information should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. The purchaser may make back-up copies for his/her own use only and not for redistribution or resale. The Publisher assumes no responsibility for errors, omissions, or damages, caused by the use of these programs or from the use of the information contained herein.