uaaas aw *~qz&ensexes paxaes aqq pue *fund aqa 30 s3aAyx

aay3 aqq *snpu~ aq? Buypunozxns s7sy;rqsyp aqq uy (aa:

00s.C pue 0002 uaamqaq poyxad auos ae d~qeqozd) sqsTmnq

-~rw~lkie se mop paI?aas 'squex6yrua 30 dpoq pxaua6 atlr)

uo13 sa~~asuaqzs bu~qaeqap raqge sued- npUfH a% 'eypuI

pue eprad 'adoxqq pardoad pue saT?Tpuoyaeu puyqsyp

oquy paaexedas daqa - exeqxoa leau ( =) Smo

eyq 30 saxnos sqq buypuno~zns uorbar aqrl, d~qeqoxd - eyq

~ezquw $0 puer axqeq aw 30 qzed amos worr3 'uaqq

qW 'sasea ue~uezry, anyq~wyxd aqq ueqa poyxad 3-e~ e ae

Bu~axeqs,, '?&~w'c%~BID p VQR) 9)1&~(19ma ~RU s~9mapwm~w

@ cpCW@m WM((upG puum omq,mwea wa ?q,q,q,qrua

~W~~CQ~JI,$,STO ~scma,w &(u a&Mrna#@ * Z. z z

r i v e r s being ca l l ed saptasindhu. Thence, a f t e r a t i m e ,

they over ran, by success ive i r r u p t i o n s t h e p l a in s of

Ganges and spread themselves over t h e region c a l l e d

Aryavarta. Occupying t h e whole of Centra l I nd i a and

e i t h e r coalesc ing with and so to speak Aryanising the

pr imi t ive i nhab i t an t s they found there or dr iv ing a l l 2 who resisted them t o the South and to t h e h i l l s " .

dgcmWmo m@mmws - muno awcm&an earn@

@rt&srlco~s - mod m%j&CD;;jR1 Ue413oP16rlo o d i c u ) m 3 & 3 6 .

m b b (~dmdan acom3sb. mmcud ~arnco mm ~ d r n r n

6,0&% A.D. 2 - 3 m#602% met, ,&m#erna c o 3 s a d p ~ I

av'BdlbQk@srn m m ~ m b o c o m : - crl~1)%&3'6 0- cl~&m,?nm

@ ~ ~ r J l @ J C b b % f deJ I ~ ( D ~ ~ S ~ J O ~ @ ~ ~ , S B I ~ ~@S'bJ(km N U ~ ~ C b WEtN

I Z I U I . 'History of Kerala' i@ @ o h b M @q. ~ . d l .

n~&m~eem~mnb 99 NW&'~I@@ mnb0 ilw?rl 2 ~ w m U d &

~ m v b c a , f l & " N ~ ~ t h s t a n d i n g the theory t ha t the

Nambudiris and Nayars formed par t of a homogeneous mra-

nian race the researches of Mr . Fawcelt got to show

that, a s f a r as anthropometry can he re l i ed on to i n d i -

ca te rac ia l origin, the Nambudiris "are the t rues t

Aryans of Southern ~ndia'!' But t h i s statement can not

be said to have disproved the theory, for the period

of the i r a r r iva l i n and colonisation of Malabar is d i f f i -

cu l t t o determine for cer tain and enquiry already made

into the question makes any fur ther discussion unne-

cessary. n

S a n s k r i t i s a t i o n i s permanent. Drav id i an i sa t ion too, i s

p a r t of t h e l i n q u i s t i c r e p e r t a i r e of a Nambudiri, which

would r evea l t h e i n n a t e q u a l i t y of t h e group a s such,

t o mingle wi th t h e n a t i v e s and a t t h e same time t o

remain detached from them thereby p re se rv ing t h e i r

i d e n t i t y . Sometimes Drav id ian isa t ion i s noted t o such

an e x t e n t t h a t e x i s t i n g ana log ies w i th t he forms used

by t h e Backward c a s t e s of Kerala can be found. 29 ,,

man rnkald kmb am& wm'bbnanb rnp&sKm2Wa. w,w3e1b

A.D. 8 -30 ( / a m o r -WQ~@S rrlm1B13m8mW w o a g h s l

at0 q S o - w Q I ; T ~ w ~ B J & ~ ~&@2d(u)'k,nbo 63!3@% @UK&t32bo

00 9% &efd'b@ @30aji;B@&l~ @@&%.I 11'6@&& &%'%%?,?

cop&. ea'ldkm3e~0 A .D . 7 8 8 mmib e 2 o mom dm& a m a

m&m m r 3 - m ~ nuD0%@@~ 'gA"0' ws'bv'lner

omZQ2lBJbo 'asm%3dd1 nlba&bb m000@@ c0dm6ib

rnrnsu~mmm&% @m a%u?aKll& muurnat& nl-&& ch~mg

QRD6)!2l ~ ~ N o u ~ L D ~ ~ w ~ ~ ~ rl~(m36?ef0~3 &#& e

srsp@mm?ru , @~uq,m, qcwri~ww , q,u,pqrocsu7@@, q,(9,#@wrncll9

LQP PEJ ~~@E~@ucw sc99acmnum@ru ~@GXU~~GCWPJ m ~,WWUU n

@CW@@W~ * Q % p i f i @ ~ r u w C S r U ( 9 Q&@%(19ksg,IU(9,7(9@ oaL9CW

oPwcscq,aru orupse, wa, opem +Qscruwwru UWNrsroen, '"S(ppmJ

Pucw ~IBC(~F~F~,~~VC~W omq,(~1ruuksa,~pl umaCTU7 uwa (p)p~)tq,aps9a

SP qJma 'p r@wsIU ',SW qJrupqg?ru '~eccru3 m@W n

ova scs~~rocurp&qp~,m ~wfiwra @sfiw QJ,(P,~RP~~~C~,~U~~Q,W

N~~CIU oq~q,~a,pmaccn? pea@ *,~a,&q@cw f7cm,Ca,cnmw,cuP Pa@ cuRw n

ma PsP~~ wacqa~cu cwacq,a~slocncem prs@@m SC99~f~pa

~~c~mrn d2o&wo, Paw oq& [gm) mq@q,sa~G O~O$J)BB) *P&e,

~auPqq,qp@c~rT q&o,p@Moru qq,q~~cncrsarp,rnm@ m,m mm

qenuacm mmcocm ?wnwm wen ~~LOCIB~CD~W q,v rdqo~~

oruapPm qq,rssG s@a~rsrapru mq,dway,rupa~~ *PuRqvp

ma mwa fimcn, ~qa4,q~ma Q~S(TU q,~ s~99aru~t~ *PUQQI

LriYmacacm cpagx4~1 AGXD ca,pcq,ruw omoiq,~~pl q,opclsm o4sm

@riYSc49rure@ru @wo oocru Porn ~qJq,*~@ul ooCuPcuG *,*It?

~,ca,~~ nqca,@uwswarua FBCWOJPW sqmG * o I z

'?aocrua?agss~&w %qp~%aca,pm 0CpqruG 0mqys mnmw ~rscmP@- q,woam a05 @400 qq,G@wa clscuanau

pc~~~csq8wa~arn~~ ~mc0?@q,acrua'ru q,~ *gwny,om Poqwa~(r(n7 pew q@ *~cuRq.w,qru wuapm pmw@ LW

uacw ~o(p,~pq~u)rq,u) wpm ?acm(smmocs ,sccuaLawa, pstp dpum ?&a,

~rscq85 p,pmcw twparu {urn ,q@sa,wa ~rscmpa~cim oqrw ?as

%@J)P~~PG 9(: ',,sueyTytue& 1TOJpB axom'pue sno~ndnl~ss

ssaT dq axosueaexa uy d~~eysads.3 pas~~odouou uaaq seq

saqeqs SeqeTq aq? 30 ssaursnq sy~qnd aq7 pue asxaunuos

aqq 30 uoyqxod aTqqSapysuo3 e pue 'paydnsso uaaq aheq

uoyqes~ununuos 30 saxqua3 pue SaUTT aq? asuaH 'sxau6yaxo;r

q7TM isquo3 uOX3 d~aayqysuas qsour yuyxys pue 'snoyqyqs

xadns pue aaysnTaxa qsou aqq sueypyAexa TTe 30 aq 07

I1 The Maratha account s t a t e s t h a t Parasurama tu rned t h e B z y i j a t i (Fishermen c a s t e ) i n t o Brahmins

i n o r d e r t o people Kera la . They were to summon him from Gokarnam whi the r h e had r e t i r e d , i f t h e y had any cause f o r sorrow or r e g r e t . They summoned h i m u n n e c e s s a r i l y and h e cu r sed them and condemned t h e m t o l o s e power of assembling t o g e t h e r i n counc i l and became s e r v i l e . They acco rd ing ly

mingled w i t h Sudra .females and became a degraded

race".

2. Sir Monier Will iamsr Hinduism P.3.

( r ~ & m m llPl & W U 0 ~ h g I m g opmmma, e ~ 5 w 0 ~s%bi'6&". B .c. -2400L+ msdd @KlKtco~cu&&l ~@!~D&%IW&J B .c. 1 4 OO-CIIS# 8ll9dbl

cok~50lpm~xom&W& mroam&% CIIlmh aPJ m&%J

rno~&@&, &J&xS@o&s lz!w3#&7s,m cLmJ w&@I

a&& B~W@I&@&& &I# --a)*. Rev. D r .

Charels Francis Potter ("The last years of I

Jesus Revealed Chapter 14-15) @lD @dr0

a~Ktcorh 99 ee%,wmtcom3d.

pra&c:a& am'k~&bsri mlnamo msd@:

'w&(a mxkn@~~p mg~13&@%' (mdarm'taw~~

~ & 6 ~ ] 3 m ? W 3 w ~ W O O ) NBS. 1 968 P .38: ' ' ~ ( 9 3 0

~~~~~ 0ll)~&?tl~~oEBlo A. D. 7 74 -m&

~wdiinmh ma@&% umwo 9rndb%&, ,@If

sa&n& (am@ -%I) 29dlkm~. . . . . . ma@

~~mlm'hws oZnmoo rnbmob cl~a?acJslr".

Ilamkulam Kunj an P i l l a i r S t u d i e s i n Kerala

H i s t o r y r NBS-1970- P, 199r " B y a b u t 1000 AD

t h e Brahmins e s t a b l i s h e d 6& gramas i n Kerala and

Tulunad ... . . B u t i n K e r a l a t h e i r number i n c r e a s e d

l a t e r "- I, S t u d i e s in K e r a l a History:- Page 22: ..,.. the

f u s i o n o f t h e t w o s e p a r a t e cultures, Aryan and

Dravidian . The f u s i o n commences before C h r i s t ,

but it becames s t r o n g e r by t h e end of t h e 5th

cen tury . Sangam l i t e r a t u r e came i n t o b e i n g

arourid this period". - a ~ o g l ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ f h o

a~er&cG~? lea@- aj~~~3noo mhmV~wwd'Lr,(a

man& mmd amah &(DO 9&s wY- m m b m

a~e~~"a'tuiiiBjkn1 9@&@0 m ~ % ~ n b @ ~ 1 3 d ' 99

m&@%.

6. 6% .dl. n l & m 3 ~ (X0cm3d: History of K e r a l a - Vo1.3 - P.31.

7 . Madras Museum B u l l e t i n Vo1.l - P.33, quoted by

K . P . Padmanabha Menon.

20. - 2 . @~J.OW. - - 1 ~ n l 5 . 7 9 .

"2(rmcoo (&I. dl. 5-30 (/M(Rfho 0b0 cJ)S& 8 -30

(OMO mmd mwbm@a& 9fl=armI &ejnJh30" .

2 1 . am. fJa@m&-@@: m6k3,Co@MY& m m @a@

d@ ~ d 8 7 6 MINI: 6)S.Oh. (~3~lh -

23 ( i ) @@8h i ma@ mdbb dd~po - ~01.1 - cad: 7 7

(ii) ~ob.@3h. 1%73dbUkt@@: 'History of Malayalam Language @

compiled Edited by K.M. Prabhakara Varier, Pub:

Universi ty of Madras 1985. Page - 91-92:

nThe impact of t h e Aryan language and t he

p e c u l i a r p o l i t i c o - r e l i g i o u s c l imate p reva i l ing i n

t h e west coas t would c e r t a i n l y have helped i n t h i s

d r i f t i n g of t h e language from i ts pa ren t a l abode.

The beginning of t h e Kollam Era witnessed many

developments of far-reaching consequences i n Kerala.

L ingu i s t i c a l l y it i s a s i g n i f i c a n t per iod ...... The

atmosphere was s o congenial t h a t Aryans began to

regard t he new land 'a home away from t h e i r home ', ..... The ownership of t he land and t h e s p i r i t u a l

l eadersh ip of t h e people together with t h e i r crudi-

t i o n made t he brahmins t h e most po ten t group of

people. This supremacy has a l s o brought about

s i g n i f i c a n t changes i n t he l o c a l speech. The

language of t h e Aryans ( s a n s k r i t o r one of its

d i a l e c t s ) g radua l ly made compromises with t h e

l o c a l language l ead ing t o t h e o v e r a l l development

of t he l a t t e r . N e w tendencies cropped up i n

t h e language of Kerala a s a r e s u l t of l a r g e s c a l e

borrowings of words, idioms and o t h e r forms of

expression from the Aryan language. Sanskr i t

language was i n f a c t t h e most i n f l u e n c i a l f a c t o r

i n t h e evolut ion of Malayalam language.

24. K.P. Padmanabha Menon: History of Kerala. Vol. 3.

P. 27,28.

2 9 0 D r . Usha Namboodiripadr "The speech of the Namboo-

diris - a Socio-Linguistic StudyU ((n-m i n ) ~ d f i ~ ,

4 0 . mUm'h% Dr. (prof.) rndrn~;jsrl'Is,h (st;

Paul's College, Kalamassery ) nJ'JdkJk&@mU 99

nrltucoo. mnbo c n e ~ r n ~ ~ ~ ~ c z o ' ~ ~ I s , r i b o m m 1 m m & @(sl&@%rjS mmruul cn-ib rrvd~mOaVd ~ O y d w i h

dfDl61ra~b*bIk@%~, IBB~QI%O. ~r4)fX%&hh &h&o~'hff '2d~(~0bzl~ddhb' P J R ~ ~ C U , m)krl~dXd?fbh (O%I%%(U ,@I)?;lSbB6)m

N7B30drn&611 dm0 ~l)m"d@ib ~cobm;3SbEpow6)p.

nrmde'.6KlcoaImsa& 0S& mpJru&, cs&~gmc,rim&l a g c 8 ~ 8 c u , %

2653aJhrnb.

- ( (tDbkabclrmm'~@ &?6ln(lD ~m'UKLWl@?6W No. 1218 B

&l-lo'doM @'am&,' @0lmb &(Oo hrob,bol @rnb

mmpd.