THE NEWSLETTER OF THE CALEDONIAN SOCIETY OF CINCINNATI ISSUE 12 / SUMMER ’11 In This Issue: Rain = KSW in 2011 1 Columbus IN turns 25 2 *Schedule of Events 2 CSHD 3 Cinti Highld Dancers 3 Getaway 2 Ligonier PA4 *Resource List 4 We need St. Andrews 5 McKinley a Ohio Scot 6-13 *Email PDF Issue only 7-15* Big Ben Parker Hero? 13* Out of the Sporran 14* Alex Beaton in ICU 14* Band/Marching Units 14* Weather Plays a PAY YOUR DUES! Don’t forget to pay your current dues. While you’re at it convert to the cyber Gazette, let Robert know. The Caledonian Society of Cincinnati, Robert Reid, Corspd. Secretary 6052 Delicious Asha Ct Loveland OH 45140 If you have any questions please contact Robert Reid at: 444-4920 or [email protected]1 Issue Deadlines If you have something you want to put in The Gazette, your materials must be received by: Fall September 1st Winter December 1st We solicit any and all articles about the Scottish Culture and Organizations Bill Parsons, Editor 6504 Shadewater Drive Hilliard, OH 43026 513-476-1112 [email protected]T he 29th Annual Kentucky Scottish Weekend was held on Saturday, May 14. Sadly, the crowds were down due to it raining in Cincinnati and Louisville. Still, the weather held at KSW. A light rain started falling at about 7:30 and quit at 8:15. Then the day turned pretty pleasant with temps in the upper 70’s. However, at 5:30 a hard rain came down for about 45 minutes or so and moved out of the area. We had plenty of tent cover (thank goodness). The entertainment ended at 7:45 (PM). In spite of all, entertainers Alex Beaton, Mother Grove and Seven Nations never missed a beat. Right now we are looking forward to our 30th Year (!) next May 12, 2012. We hope to see you there! n — Jesse Andrews, KSW President Travelogue—Celtic Festivals information & ads—Get Ideas inside for attending inside! Rain again is the big damper at the 29th Annual Kentucky Scottish Weekend. As any in Kentucky will tell you, our early May’s are unpredictable. Crowds were down again, but FUN was the main stay of those who attended. Mother Grove (left), Alex Beaton (center), and 7 Nations (right) kept the day llively with their music. Major Role at KSW 2011
Transcript
T H E N E W S L E T T E R O F T H E C A L E D O N I A N S O C I E T Y O F C I N C I N N A T I
ISSUE 12 / SUMMER ’11
In This Issue:Rain = KSW in 2011 1Columbus IN turns 25 2*Schedule of Events 2CSHD 3Cinti Highld Dancers 3Getaway 2 Ligonier PA4*Resource List 4We need St. Andrews 5McKinley a Ohio Scot 6-13*Email PDF Issue only 7-15*Big Ben Parker Hero? 13*Out of the Sporran 14*Alex Beaton in ICU 14*Band/Marching Units 14*
Weather Plays a
PAY YOUR DUES! Don’t forget to pay your current dues. While you’re at it convert to the cyber Gazette, let Robert know.
The Caledonian Society of Cincinnati,Robert Reid, Corspd. Secretary 6052 Delicious Asha CtLoveland OH 45140
If you have any questions please contact Robert Reid at:444-4920 [email protected]
1
Issue DeadlinesIf you have something you want to put in The Gazette, your materials must be received by:Fall September 1stWinter December 1st
We solicit any and all articles about the Scottish Culture and
Organizations
Bill Parsons, Editor6504 Shadewater DriveHilliard, OH [email protected]
The 29th Annual Kentucky Scottish Weekend was held on Saturday, May 14. Sadly, the crowds were
down due to it raining in Cincinnati and Louisville.
Still, the weather held at KSW. A light rain started falling at about 7:30 and quit at 8:15. Then the day turned pretty pleasant with temps in the upper 70’s. However, at 5:30 a hard rain came down for about 45 minutes or so and moved out of the area. We had plenty of tent cover (thank goodness).
The entertainment ended at 7:45 (PM). In spite of all, entertainers Alex Beaton, Mother Grove and Seven Nations never missed a beat.
Right now we are looking forward to our 30th Year (!) next May 12, 2012. We hope to see you there! n — Jesse Andrews, KSW President
Travelogue—Celtic Festivals information & ads—Get Ideas inside for attending inside!
Rain again is the big damper at the 29th Annual Kentucky Scottish Weekend. As any in Kentucky will tell you, our early May’s are unpredictable. Crowds were down again, but FUN was the main stay of those who attended.
Mother Grove (left), Alex Beaton (center), and 7 Nations (right) kept the day llively with their music.
Major Role at KSW 2011
2
Columbus Indiana Scot tish Festival Reaches 25 Years!
Please note our own Caledonian Pipes &
Drums in some of the above photos.
The 2011 Caledonian Calendar
The Columbus Indiana Scottish Festival was a kernel of an idea in 1990 when Barbara Stewart, wife of then mayor Robert Stewart, with support from community groups and interested individuals, spearheaded a drive to
create a festival that would celebrate Scottish heritage and customs. By 2001, the all-volunteer festival was designated as a non-profit and incorporated as its own entity. Now, in 2011, the festival proudly celebrates its 20th Anniversary!
To kick off this milestone weekend, the festival is expanding its customary two-day event to include a Friday night (September 9th) concert featuring the well-known Celtic rock band, Seven Nations. Check out their website at www.sevennations.com to get a taste of the band that the Lancaster Intelligencer Journal describes as teaching one important lesson: bagpipes rock!
Always a family-friendly event, festival goers will enjoy viewing and participating in traditional Scottish activities. Re-enactors represent Scottish people through time in both their homeland and abroad while the children’s area provides hands-on activities to spark Scottish creativity and have a go at traditional Scottish athletics.
Athleticism is a big part of any Scottish festival and the Columbus Scottish Festival is no different in that regard. Visitors will have their pick of events to see demonstrations of speed, skill and brute strength. The speed and agility of the sheep dogs as they move their flocks with precision never fails to leave spectators in wonder. Strength and agility are easily masked by the beauty and grace of the Highland dancers as they compete. Heavy athletics are always a favorite and this year the festival again hosts The Midwest Highland Games Championships, drawing professional athletes in both men’s and women’s events.
Speed and strength of a different sort are also on display at the Pam Price European Car Show which showcases classic and vintage European cars. Fans of British marques will enjoy an impressive variety ranging from Jaguar to Morgan to Anglia. Trophies are awarded each day for Best of Show and the all-important People’s Choice Award. Come out and vote for your favorite!
Visitors can research their own Scottish roots by chatting with representatives at the numerous Clan and Scottish Society tents lining the venue’s paths or learn about the subtleties of that most Scottish of products, whisky, at the Whisky Tasting sessions. Scottish merchandise and food, as well as a beer garden, are available throughout the day.
Music is also a huge part of the festival. In addition to traditional and modern entertainers scheduled in the Entertainment building, bagpipes and drums tour the festival grounds at regular intervals throughout the day. And, of course, no festival is complete without a Ceilidh! Visitors and volunteers alike turn out Saturday evening for good food and music at our annual ceilidh featuring the festival entertainers.
There will be a warm welcome to all at the Columbus Scottish Festival, September 10-11 at the Bartholomew County Fairgrounds, Columbus, Indiana. For more information, check out our website at www.scottishfestival.org. n
Aug 5-7 Dublin Irish Festival, Dublin OH www.dublinirishfestival.orgAug 20 Cornroast, Keehner Park, West Chester, OH www.caledoniansociety.orgSep 10-11 Columbus IN Highland Games www.scottishfestival.orgSep 10 Ligonier PA Highland Games www.ligonierhighlandgames.orgSep 23-25 Cincinnati Celtic Festival, Fountain Square www.ligonierhighlandgames.orgTBA Fall Meeting www.caledoniansociety.orgOct 22 Murray Highland Festival, Murray KY www.wkyhighlandfestival.comNov 26 St. Andrews Ball, Maketewah Country Club www.caledoniansociety.org
20122012 Annual General Meeting—Members www.caledoniansociety.orgMay 12 Kentucky Scottish Weekend, Carrollton, KY www.kyscottishweekend.org
3
Cincinnati Scots Highland Dancers
The Cincinnati Scots Highland Dancers proudly announce
Erin Wilshire has qualified for her 4th United States Championship to be in Spokane WA this July. Erin earned her place at the Southeast Regional championship held every year at the Savannah GA. games. Erin is the daughter and granddaughter of Society past presidents’ David and Gordon Wilshire, respectively.
A fun time for all at our Kentucky Scottish Weekend competition
with awards won by Emily, Meagan and Ashley McLennan, Christina Myers, Arran Bowen, Rachel and Meredith Speigel, Erin Wilshire and Natalie and Emma McGregor. Memorial weekend was spent at the Great Lakes and Midwest championships in Alma, Michigan
The group will head to Ohio for the Ohio Open Champion- ships and a week at the Ohio Scottish Arts School held at Oberlin College. Following that week is our beloved Grandfather Mountain
for the Atlantic International Championship and open competitions. n
For instruction or performance information, contact Missy Gentry at 859-466-7937.
CHD dancers have had a great spring and summer competition season. Dancers competed at Kentucky Scottish Weekend, Alma Highland Festival and the Ohio Scottish Games. Beth
Ballard, Emily Carter, Corrine Saul, Shelby Matthews and Louise Reid attended the Ohio Scottish Arts School in Oberlin the last week of June. They had a great time and learned a lot from the world renowned instructors. Recently, dancers performed at the Mid-Summer in the Meadows festival in Milford to an enthusiastic crowd. We are looking forward to the annual corn roast and continuing with competitions into the fall!. n
For more information on our group please contact Louise Reid at 513-528-5578 or email [email protected].
Cincinnati Highland Dancers
Friends! SCOTSMEN! Countrymen! Lend Me Your
EARS!!! THE CALEDONIAN SOCIETY’SFOUNDER’S DAY CORN ROAST & FAMILY PICNICSaturday, August 20th, 2011• Corn on the grill • Hamburgers, hot dogs + condiments• Soft drinks, iced tea • Highland Music, Dancing, and Athletics Demo12:00 p.m. until 6:00 p.m@Keehner Park, 7211 Barret Road, West Chester —Take I-75 N, to Union Center Blvd., Go East turn left onto Cin-cinnati/Dayton Road, turn right to West Chester Road, turn left onto Barret Road turn right into Keehner Park-look for Scots.
I Come Not To Boil Corn, But—To ROAST IT!!!!
See Flyer or Call—513-574-2969 for Info!
The woodland setting of Ligonier’s Idlewild Park (a wee child’s paradise) is pure Western Pennsylvania countryside for thousands of
families who picnic there each summer.But on September 10, the grounds surrounding
the amusement park are transformed into a little bit of Scotland for the Ligonier Highland Games.
A variety of Scottish-themed activities take place at Idlewild and in Ligonier. The Games itself, is conducted on Saturday at the park and featuring a Scottish fair, children’s games, pipe band, Scottish fiddling, Celtic harp, Highland dancing and athletic competitions.
The first Games featured one vendor and a handful of pipe bands. Now, the vendors area has grown, and the pipe bands competing has increased substantially. In the dance areas you will see the result of a increase in size as well. Heavy Athletics has grown and grown with more competitors in every event at Ligonier. As years increase so do these Games in size.
David Strunk of Ross, a former competitor and a one time judge of the competition, says that when he became involved in the Ligonier Highland Games during the 1970’s, there were as few as five competitors in each event.
“Now there are waiting lists,” Strunk says.An increasing number of young men are
becoming interested in the historic athletic events, including competitors with backgrounds in track and field and weight-lifting.
“You don’t have to be Scottish to participate,” Strunk notes, “but you do need a kilt. It’s a requirement.”
Not only is there the Games in Ligonier, but you can reconnect with our country’s French and Indian War past. Fort Ligonier in Ligonier is fun for every kid... including those who are
H. C. Sheriff: Stephen Watt 946-2296Emerald Society: Jeff Winkle 885-9700
Country Dancing (RSCDS)Cincinnati Branch: Jill Cole 631-2429Flying Ghilles: Doreen Bernstein 937-845-0310Heather & Thistle: Laura Russell 614-447-0620www.rscdscincinnati.orgNon-RSCDS: John Southcombe 872-2222
Radio Programs of Celtic MusicWed: WOBO* (88.7 FM) 12-3p.m.724-3939Hosted by Jesse Andrews Sun: WNKU (89.7 FM),4-6p.m. 859-572-6500Hosted by Cathy CostelloSun: WOBO* (88.7 FM),6-9p.m. 724-3939Hosted by J. D. McEwans—Celtic Fusion*Can’tgetWOBO?GotoWWW.WOBOFM.ComandstreamtoyourPC
(Clip and Save!)
Come to 2011’s Kentucky Scottish Weekend (KSW)! Come to Gen. Butler State Park in Carrollton, KY and you’ll find a wee bit of Scotland.
For directions go to: http://mapq.st/fJvfxR
30th YEAR in Spring2012Come’on out May 12th for THIRTY!
**SPECIAL** Family Pack (2 adults/3 children): $25.00 (Add’l children $3.00 each)
General Admission* (at the gate)
Adults: $15.00 Seniors: $14.00 Children 6-12: $3.00
*Download coupons at:www.kyscottishweekend.org/
downloads/coupon.pdf
Getaway to the Ligonier Scottish Games
advanced in years. A short drive away is Fort Necessity the site of George Washington’s pitched battle against the French, but also Braddock’s grave where the British General is buried after the debacle of his military march. Plus, Frank Lloyd Wright’s Falling Water is extremely near the games—tours are available for adults.
All in all, this weekend getaway is great for your family, culture, and history skills... go to www.ligonierhighlandgames.org n
4
Within the “kid” oriented Idlewild Amusement Park on Sept. 10th.
Fort Ligonier and Falling Water are
nearby attractions
A Proud Scot on the field at Ligonier’s Idlewild Amuse-
ment Park
BACK
AGAIN
Perspectives of the Tartan...Why go to Saint Andrews this year??? Because it’s a DEAL!!!
We all wonder why St. Andrews is written in the Constitution... was it “that” important? What
were these founders reasoning... so we have to have it?? It wouldn’t have been about the day to day problems, inconveniences of the 21st Century by any way shape or form. It was in every sense their own link back to the home of traditions they had left behind. It WAS important and needed to be set apart from all other days as “truly” being Scottish. It was their intent to preserve it for future generations, and place that stamp of importance upon it.
In 1827 the Baltimore & Ohio railroad was founded, Ludwig Von Beethoven died, John Quincy Adams was president and the world was simpler
Every year we in the Society hear, “St. Andrews should be before Thanksgiving”, and likewise we hear the exact opposite. We hear that the cost is too high, the venue too grand... or not grand enough, the food is great... the food is foul. Leaving organizers a mix-master of opinions to sort through.
These individuals who assemble this most important and religiously significant night, are indeed brave.
This year the event will be at a
many will still not attend for a myriad of reasons.
But, this committee and it's chairs need to be commended. Obviously our ancestors were operating with a much larger budget. Plus, this is a fine science of the organizational process.
For this night we as a Society will gather, we will disperse scholarships and prizes, we will eat and drink well, we will dress in our finery, acknowledge our pomp, listen to our music, watch our dance... AND be reassured... at it's present cost this year we—due to these brave few (yes brave they have to listen to the rest of us), we as a Society are getting one "helluva" deal.
Look at what others charge... and think of what we use to fund with... how can you disagree. We are giving Saint Andrew quite a celebration at truly a Scottish deal. So why are you defying this past mandate, this year.
So please attend St. Andrew’s Night Ball. Do for the mandate, for the past, because it is a grand tradition, and Saint Andrew himself deserves this honor from us.
If you want a real shocker multiply your $20 dues by that 1827 dollar... NOW that’s another deal. n
A fan and attendant of Saint Andrew as any Scot should be......
new venue, The Maketewha Country Club, which is a grand room indeed for the pomp of St. Andrews. I can assure you the menu has been honed, and the evening is being planned. All this, with each on this committee being aware of you the membership and your comments.
We see many other organizations through the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom planning this event, with what many consider to be a high cost. Our committee has heard your comments and is planning accordingly.
To the best of my research , I have found out what the US dollar was worth in 1827 by today’s equivalent value... the amount I saw was an astonishing... $2941.00. So obviously our fore bearers were making a huge sacrifice for both this celebration and their yearly dues. Meanwhile, according to my sources, we’re applying our present value of $1.53 to both dues and Saint Andrews. Which if anything should help us to be aware of what these past souls were offering up to their membership and community.
Sure, times right now are hard, many are on fixed incomes, many are out of town due to the holiday, and
In 1827 the U.S. Dollar was worth
$2941.00 by the equivalent
of today’s dollar being
worth $1.53.
4 colo shirt
The Perfect for ANY Scot ANY where***
$26Includes postage!AVAILABLE SIZES: I, XL, XXL***Indicate address, sizes, quantity , style and TOTAL to Robert or CALL!
Contact or send payment to:Robert Reid6052 Delicious Asha Ct.Loveland OH 45140513-444-4920Make checks payable to: Caledonian Society of Cincinnati
T-Shirts
NOW, B4
they’re
gone!
In a City with many palaces, a Grand Ball...
for St. Andrew is to be held at it’s finest.
Maketewha...Saint Andrew’s BallNovember 26th, 2011Plan to attend—513-574-2969more information to follow............
MacDuff, Thane of Fife’Before my body 1 throw
my warlike shield; Lay on Macduff! And damn’d be him that first cries ‘Hold enough !”
— Shakespeare’s MacBeth
1. Fifus Duffus The Duffs were of German Catti
ancestry, having settled on the shores of Caithness in very early times. At first they were of the ancient Kournaovioi Tribe who occupied the north peninsula of Caithness, later moving down into Moray below the Moray Firth, where they were Mormaers of the Kanteai Tribe for many ages. At one time Moray included all the north central Highlands, and the more reliable historians agree that the famous Thane of Fife came from Moray, previous to the great historical event which brought him to the attention of posterity. With the other Caledonian Tribes the Duffs fought the Roman Invaders and thus prevented the foreigners from gaining a foothold in Scotland.
According to an old genealogical manuscript, the Duffs were Mormaers of Moray during the era of the Pictish Kings, and were also prominent in Fife and Fothriff. Strath Avon was one of their old neighborhoods, near the Cairngorm Mountains.
The first Official Record of the Thanes of Fife was in the year 838 A.D. At that time Kenneth MacAlpine, who bore the blood of both Pictish and Scots-Irish Kings in his veins, had united two warring nations under one rule in the name of Scotland. When he appointed his Governors for the several Provinces, Fifus Duffus, or Duff of Fifeshire was appointed Governor of Fifeshire.
In 1039 Queen Gruoch’s (travestied by Shakespeare as Lady Macbeth) second husband King Macbeth, Mormaer of Moray - who also belonged to the House of Duff slew King Duncan and seized upon
the Throne, and when Duff, the Thane of Fife, vowed that he would “ not be ridden with a snaffle” and failed to aid in building MacBeth’s Castle, the pretender swore vengeance and drove Duff, the Thane of Fife, into exile. Duff hurried to England to join forces with Malcolm, young son of King Duncan, and now that he had reached maturity, prevailed upon him to return to Scotland and take for himself the Throne of his fathers.
In 1057, after the death of her second husband, King Macbeth, the son of Queen Gruoch (who was the senior representative of the House of Duff), by her first husband, succeeded as King Lulach.
But upon returning, with an Army, Duff, the Thane, found that MacBeth had murdered Lady MacDuff and several of her children. and attacking MacBeth’s Castle of Dunsinane, they drove him north into the Hills above the Dee River, where Duff slew the Pretender on a slope above Lumfannaaine, and carried his head to Prince Malcolm.
When King Malcolm of Canmore was firmly established on the Throne, he called a Parliament at Forfair in 1057, and rewarded those who had aided him in attaining the crown, King Malcolm honored with three sorts of Privileges -
That the Earl of Fife, by Office, shall bear the heraldic red lion rampant of the Royal House, and shall set the Crown upon the King’s head on the stone of Scone at his Coronation.
That when the King should give Battle to his enemies, that the same Earl should lead the Vanguard of his host.
That the lineage of Duff should enjoy Regal authority and Power within all their lands, as to appoint officers and judges for the hearing and determination of all manner of Controversies - “Treason onlie excepted” - and if any men or tenants
were called to answer in any court other than their own circuit, they might appeal to their own judges.
In case of slaughter of a mean person, twelve marks fine - and if a Duff should kill by chance and not by pretensed malice, twenty four marks fine, and released from punishment by Duffs Privilege.
King Malcolm also commanded Duff to build a great Sanctuary in his own district of Fife, where his people could seek safety in time of need. It was called the Gurth Cross, and it stood high in the Ochill Range, near the border between Fifeshire and Strathearne.
At that time the King raised the Thanes of his Kingdom to Earldoms, and Duff was made Senior Earl of Scotland.
He was also Commander in Chief of the Royal Army, and when word was received that Lulach, Queen Gruoch’s (Lady MacBeth) son, had tried to seize the crown at Scone, Duff was given full Commission in the King’s name, and marching against Lulach, he encountered the rebel at the village of Essen in Bogdale, and slew him.
First, that he and his successors, lords of Fife, should have the right of placing the Kings of Scotland on the throne at their coronation. Second, that they should lead the van of the Scottish armies whenever the royal banner was displayed. Third, that if he or any of his kindred committed slaughter of a suddenly they should have a peculiar sanctuary, girth, or
To follow William
McKinley’s direct line,
you have to first refresh
yourself with MacBeth and
MacDuff of Shakespeare’s
classic.
The Line of Descent of William Mckinley
Descended from Ancient Scots, Hero and Ohio’s Martyr for Our Country!
William McKinley, the 25th President of these United States—1843-1901
6
MacDuff (left) a purported ancestor was the bane of MacBeth in the Bard’s tragedy “MacBeth”.
7
asylum, and obtain remission on payment of an epic or atonement in money to the relations of those slain, which, in Scottish law was called combat. He was also rewarded by having his county of Fife confirmed to him, and was created Earl in 1061.
According to Boetius and Fordun, he was eighth in descent from Fife MacDuff, a chieftain of great power and wealth, who lived about the year A. D. 800, and who afforded to Kenneth MacAlpin (Kenneth II) who was the first king of all Scotland, strong aid in establishing his right to the throne, A. D. 843, which resulted in the union of the Picts and Scots. In reward for these services
Macduff received from the Monarch a very large tract of land which he called Fife (now Fifeshire), and over which he was appointed hereditary Thane.
2. Dufagan The son of Duncan Macduff, styled 2nd Earl of Fife, was
witness to many charters of King Alexander I, and was an ascender to a charter of that King, confirming the rights of the Trinity Church of Scone, His son,
3. Constantine Macduff,Styled 3rd Earl of Fife, and who is supposed to have been the
first who adopted the title, is witness to a charter of the Monastery of Dunfermline. He is also spoken of as a great judge of Scotland. In the Registry of the Priory of St.. Andrew’s, will be found the records of a trial over which Earl Constantine, “a discreet and elegant man,’’ presided as Justiciary of Scotland. This meeting must have taken place early in the reign of King David, as the signature of Earl Constantine is soon replaced in the charters by that of Earl Gillimichael. He is said to have died in 1129. About five years after the accession of David the First to the throne. His eldest son,
4. Gillimichael MacDuff Fourth Earl of Fife, is witness to the foundation charter of the
Abbey of Holyroodhouse in 1128, and to several other charters of King David. He died in 1139, leaving two sons, viz.: Duncan, 5th Earl, and Hugo, ancestor of the Earl of Wemyss.
5. Duncan Macduff Fifth Earl of Fife, who died Anno 1154. Is witness to several
charters of King David I, and of Malcolm IV., and was a liberal benefactor of the Church. In 1138 he is conjectured to have been one of the five hostages delivered by David I. To Stephen, King of England, that the terms of the truce concluded after the “Battle of the Standard” would be preserved by the Scots.
According to Wintoun, he was appointed. Regent of Scotland in the minority of Malcolm IV. It was under his guardianship the young Malcolm, then in his eleventh year, was sent by his grandfather, King David I, on a tour of Scotland, and in every
district was proclaimed and received as heir to the Crown. David I died in 1153. And Earl Duncan performed the ceremony of placing the youthful Malcolm on the inaugural chair, or sacred stone of Scone, at his coronation in 1154 Duncan’s second son,
6, Seach (Gaelic for Shaw) MacduffHaving accompanied his father and the Prince in their tour of
Scotland, became a great favorite of King Malcolm IV. In 1154 he is said to have had command of the army of Malcolm. For his assistance in quelling an insurrection among the inhabitants of Moray in 1161, the King made him Governor of Inverness, and presented him with the lands of Petty and Breachly, and the Forest of Strathearn.
From the high position of his father he was styled by the Gaelic speaking population “Mac-an-Toi-sich” (son of the chief or foremost , which became the surname of the family. Dr. John MacMierson observes that ‘’as Malcolm Cean Mor gave a right to those powerful Thanes to lead the van, the name is, in a manner, accounted for.” He was the founder and first Chief of Clan Macintosh. He married Giles, daughter of Hugh de Montgomery, one of his comrades in the Moravian insurrection in 1161, and had three sons, Shaw, Malcolm and Duncan. He died in 1179, and was succeeded by his eldest son,
7. Shaw (Oig) MaclntoshWho was the second Chief of the Clan and Governor at the
Castle of Inverness for thirty years, which he bravely defended when Thorfin, son of Harald MacMadach, the powerful Earl of Orkney and Caithness, made a raid into Inverness in 1196. His brother Duncan was slain during this raid at the battle of Torvain. He married Mary, daughter of Sir Harry de Sandylands, and had, I Fear- chard (3rd Chief of the Clan), II. William, and Edward, ancestor of Monivard He died in 1209 or 12 10, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Richard, who became third Chief of Clan Macintosh, and took part in the expedition against Goth-bred McDonald Mac William, in 121 1, in Ross-shire. Richard died about 1240, without issue, and was succeeded as Chief of the Clan by his nephew, Shaw Macintosh.
8. William Macintosh Second son of Shaw (or Shaw Olg, i.e. , the, younger). Married
Beatrix Learmonth, a surname as old as the reign of Malcolm HI., and from which descended Thomas Learmonth, better known as “Thomas the Rhymer,’” or “Thomas of Ercildoune,”’ Scotland’s earliest poet, who is supposed to have been born between 1226 and 1229. ^William is said to have resided at the Castle of Inverness with the other sons and grandsons of Shaw (Olg), and who defended it on numerous occasions against the marauding bands of the West. Some of them added considerable to the possessions of the family, which soon took firm root in the North.
9. Shaw MacintoshSon of William, at the death of his uncle, Shaw (Olg), became
fourth Chief of the MacIntoshes. The war cry of this Clan was “Loch na Maoidh”’ (Loch Moy, “the lake of threatening”’), a small lake near the seat of the Chief in Invernessshire. The C’umhadh Mac a’ Arisaig, or Macintosh’s Lament, is extremely plaintive and expressive. It is one of the most touching of that species of music, and a great favorite of the pipers. Shaw married in 1230 Helena, daughter of William, Thane of Cauder. He is mentioned as having acquired a lease of Rothiemurchus in Strathspey, but the date is not given. The lands of Rothiemurchus, having been granted by King Alexander II. To Andrew, Bishop of Moray, Anno 1226, were held by the Bishops in lease by the Shaws during a hundred years without disturbance. Prior to 1396 the Clan represented by the MacIntoshes had been (as was common amongst the Clans) often designated as the Mac Shaw, after the successive chiefs of that name, and sometimes, as the Clan of the Mac-an- Toisheach, i.e., the Thane’s son. Shaw died in 1265, and was succeeded by his son,
10. Farquhar Macintosh Who as fifth Chief, fought at the head of his clan at the battle
of Largs, October 3rd, 1263, where Harald IV. King of Norway was defeated. He was killed in a duel in 1274. He married Mora, daughter of Angus Mor of Isla, and sister of Angus Olg, who at the head of his clan (Clan Donald or MacDonald) formed the reserve and
The McKinley tartan was wrought by the birth of a son to The Great Findla, and had close alliances with the Farqu-harson and Findla Clans after 1547.
8
“did battle stalwart and stout on that never-to-be-for- gotten day” at Bannockburn.
In 1306 Angus received Bruce into his castle of Dunaverty and protected him for nine months in his country of Rachlin, Isla and Ulst. In consequence of this fidelity
King “Robert the Bruce” bestowed upon him the post of honor, the right hand; and it was to this Angus that he addressed the words “My hope is constant in thee,” on his making the final charge on the English.
11. Angus Macintosh “At Bannockburn I served the Bruce, Of Whilk the luglis liad
na russ.” Angus, often called Angus Mac Richard (i.e. Angus, son of Farquhar), sixth Chief of Clan Macintosh, was born in 1268, and died in 1345. In 1291-2 he married Eva, the daughter and heiress of Killipatrick, the son of Dougall Dall, who was the son of (lillichattan-Mor, the founder of Clan C’hattan (pronounced Kattan). By her he acquired the lands of Locharkeg, (Henluy and Strathlocie, which remained with the family until sold to Lochiel in 1665. By this marriage he also acquired the station of Captain, or leader of Clan Chattan, which was the most powerful of the Highland Clans, being composed of the MacPherson, MacDuff, Macintosh, MacBean, Shaw, Farquharson, Maclillivray, MacQueen, Clark, Davidson, Elder, and several others clans. Each clan had their own tartan and war cry, but all wore the Suaich-eantas or badge of Clan Chattan, viz., Lus na”n Craim-sheag na Bra-oi-laig, the red whortleberry (vacciniuni vitis idea).
Angus was a chief of great activity, and a staunch supporter of King Robert, the Bruce with whom he took part in the famous battle of Bannockburn June 11, 1314, where the sturdy Scots, with an army of not over 40,000 men (a number of historians say 30,000), completely routed Edward III. with a vast army of over 100,000, and thus virtually secured Scottish independence.
12. Ian (Gaelic for John) Maclntosh Or Mackintosh, as generally written by the modern
historians. In charters granted by the lords of the Isles, and confirmed by King David II is designated as Captain of Clan Chattan, but whether this son or another, we know not.
13- Gilchrist Maclntosh Or C’hristi-Jonson, sometimes called (Gilchrist Mac Ian, i.e.,
Gilchrist, son of Jolm, from whence comes the name Johnson.
14. Shaw nor (Great) Maclntos. Or Mackintosh, whose pedigree is given in ancient
manuscripts as Shaw, Mac Gilchrist, Mac Ian, Mac Angus, Mac farquharson, etc. (Mac being the Gaelic for “son”), was leader of the victorious Thirty at the North Inch of Perth. Sept. 5, 1396, before King Robert III., his Queen, and the Scottish nobility, which Sir Walter Scott so graphically describes in his “Fair Maid of Perth,” and with less embellishment in his “Tales of a (grandfather.’ The Macintosh of 1500 states that Lauchlan, the old Chief of the MacIntoshes, gave Shaw a grant of Rothie-murchus “for his valour on the Inch that day. “ He died about 1405, and was buried in the churchyard of the parish, where his gravestone may still be seen. By a daughter of Duncan (?) “MacPherson of Clunie,” he had seven sons, of whom the eldest.
15. Seumas (James) Mackintosh Chief of Clan Mackintosh, was killed at the memorable
battle of Harlaw, which was fought on the eve of the feast of St. James the Apostle, July 24, 1411. “The Highlanders, who were
ten thousand strong, rushed on with the fierce shouts and yells which it was their custom to raise in coming into battle, the English knights meeting them with ponderous maces and battle axes, which inflicted ghastly wounds upon their half armed opponents. The
Constable of Dundee was slain, and the Highlanders, encouraged by his fall, wielded their broadswords and Lochaber axes with murderous effect, seizing and stabbing the horses and pulling down their riders, whom they dispatched with their daggers. The Highlanders left 900 men dead on the field of battle including the Chiefs MacLean and Mackintosh.”’ The loss of the Highlanders was very small compared with that sustained by the lowlanders, It was the final contest between the Celt and Teuton for Scottish independence, and from the ferocity with which it was waged and the dismal spectacle( of war and bloodshed exhibited to the country, it made at the time an inconceivable impression on the national mind and is indelibly fixed in the music and poetry of Scotland.
A march called the “Battle of Harlaw,’’ continued to be popular down to the time of William Drummond, of Hawthorne, the eminent Scottish poet (b. 1555, d. 1649). A spirited ballad on the same event, describing the meeting of the armies and the deaths of the Chiefs, in no ignoble strain, is still recited by the bards.
16. Allister Ciar Mackintosh (Alexander, Ciar, pronounced Kiar; the brown) Son of Seuinas, obtained title estate of Rothiemurchus in Strath
Spey, from Duncan, 11th Chief of Mackintosh, by deed dated September 24th, 1464, and was often designated as Shaw of Rothiemurchus. He married a daughter of “ Stuart of Kinkardine “ and had four sons, the second being
17. Richard ( Farquhar ) MackintoshWho was forester to the Earl of Mar, about 1440, and in
the reign of James III. (1460-1488), was appointed Hereditary Chamberlain of the Braes of Mar. He married a daughter of Patrick, son of Robert, son of Duncan d’ Atholia. Patrick. Robert’s son, was ancestor of the Robertsons’ of Liule, and the founder and Chieftain of the Clan Robert son, or Clan Donnachie, (i.e. children of Duncan. Richard’s sons were called Farquharson). The first of the
Ohio has several sites about McKinley, Ida and he lie in the beautiful (A) McKinley Memorial in Canton. Also the (B) Saxton-McKinley stands in Canton open for viewing. (C) Mckinley’s brithplace in Niles, is open for public tour. His (D) ancestoral home of his great-great-grandfather James McKinley had emigrated from Conagher, Bal-lymoney around 1743. The house was originally located at Conagher, Ballymoney. Due for demolition, it was rescued, fully recorded, dismantled and taken to the Ulster American Folk Park in 1996. Due to lack of funding it is still in storage.
A.
B.
C.
D.
9
name in Scotland and the immediate ancestors of the Farquharson’s of Invercauld. the main branch. His eldest son was.
18. Donald Farquharson. “ How in the dark of night that pibroch thrills, Savage and
shrill! But with the breath which tills Their mountain pipe, so till the mountaineers With the fierce native daring which instills the stirring memory of a thousand years.” The piobrachd. as its name implies, is properly a pipe tune and is usually the (“ruinneachadh. or gathering of a Clan, being a long piece of music composed on occasion of some victory or other fortunate circumstance in the history of a tribe which, when played, is a warning for the troops to turn out. There is, however, little attention now paid to the distinctions, and a piobrachd may be described as an extended piece of music adapted for the bagpipe, composed for the celebration of a battle where the Clan was successful, or before a conflict commenced, to excite the warriors to heroism. It was often played in the midst of a battle as an inspiration. These pieces become consecrated in the Clan to all succeeding enterprises of war and occasions of festive enjoyment.
The Cathghairm or rallying cry of Clan Farquharson was Cam na Cainihne. title cairn of remembrance. an artificial heap of stones in Strathdee. Around which the Clan assembled and on which the bard chanted the Brosnu cha’ ca’ or incentive to battle, before they departed.
The Farquharsons’, according to Duncan Forbes, was the only Clan family in Aberdeenshire.” Their estimated strength was five hundred men. And they were among the most faithful adherents to the House of Stuart, and throughout all the struggles in its behalf, constantly acted up to their motto “Fide et fortitudin’ by faith and fortitude. Donald married a daughter of Robertson of the Calvene family, and had an only son.
19. Farquhar Beg (Gaelic for little” Who married into the Chisholm family of Strath Glass (Strath,
valley, of the river Class.) Frchless Castle the family seat, an old baronial mansion, situated in a picturesque locality in Strathglass.
Invernessshire, is still occupied by the Chisholm. Farquhar died there at the end of the reign of James II, leaving a numerous issue, of whom the eldest was.
20. Donald Farquharson Who married Isabel, the only child of Duncan Stewart, commonly
called Duncan Downa Dona, of the family of Mar, and obtained by her the lands of Invercauld and Aberdeen in 1520. He also gained considerable favors for faithful services rendered to the Crown. His son and successor,
21. Findlay (Gaelic Fionnlaidh) Commonly called Findla Mor, or Great Findla, from his great
size and strength, was killed at the battle of Pinkie Seat. in, 1547, while bearing the Royal Standard of Scotland, and was buried in the Inverness churchyard, near Edinburgh. By his first wife, a daughter of Baron Reid, of Kinkardine Stewart, he had four sons, who took title name of Mac lanla, the name being derived from Findlay, the Gaelic form of which is Fionn-ladh. The form Mac Fhionn-laidh (meaning
son of Findlay.The second wife of Findla Mor was Beatrix Gardyn, of
Balchorie, by whom he had seven sons who retained the name of Farquharson. From the sons by his first wife sprang the Clan Findla, or MacKinlay, which was so closely allied
to Clan Farquharson that they adopted the same war cry and badge. The MacKinlay Suaicheantas, or badge, is Eus-nam- ban-sith, the foxglove.
The old motto of the clan was “ We force nae friend, we fear nae foe.’” The MacKinlay tartan, or plaid, is the same as that of the Far(|uharsons, except the yellow lines are replaced by red lines.
32. William MacKinlay The eldest son of Findla Mor, died in the reign of James II.
( 1603-1625 ). He had four sons, who settled at “The Annie,” a corruption of the (Gaelic An-Abhain- fheidh, meaning “The ford of the Stag,’” which is near Callender, in Perthshire. The estate is still occupied by their descendants.
23. Thomas(?) MacKinlay ()At least one of the above mentioned sons of William No. 22,
the eldest of whom was John. Thomas is known to have lived at “The Annie,” in 1557. His son...
24. Donald, or Domhniul MacKinlay Who was born at “The Annie,” is known to have been a
grandson of William. His son.
25. John (Gaelic Ian) MacKinlay Who was born at “The Annie” about 1645, had three sons,
viz.: Donald, the eldest, born 1669; “James, the Trooper,” (born probably 1671), and John, born 1679.
26. “James, the Trooper” Went to Ireland acting as guide to the victorious army of
William III. At the battle of the Boyne, July 1, 1690. He married probably 1697-1700, and settled in Ireland, becoming the ancestor of a large portion of the Irish McKinleys.
At first it was supposed that James McKinley, born in Ireland in 1705, who settled in Pennsylvania, and died at the home of his great granddaughter, Mrs. Eleanor (Wiles) Goodwin, in Warren County, Ohio, in 1812, at the age of 104 years, was the ancestor of President McKinley, but later developments point to an elder son,
27. David McKinley Known as “David the Weaver.” born probably 1705. The exact
date of his immigration to America, and where he first settled, is not known. The early immigrants to Pennsylvania landed mostly at New Castle, Delaware, the early records of which were destroyed by the British during the Revolutionary War.
The records of York County, Pa., show that a warrant was issued to him in 1745 for a tract of land in Chanceford Township, York County, Pa., and he was there probably as early as 1743. He died before 1761, leaving one daughter and three sons, of whom was...
38. John /McKinley Died in 1779. He served in the Revolutionary War in 1778, in
the Company of Capt. Joseph Reed, ferryman, York County Militia. Of the five children who survived him, his son,
29. David McKinley Was born May 16, 1755, in York County, Pa., and resided at
Chanceford at the time of the Revolutionary War. several months
Editor’s Note:This feature on William McKinley was a mixed of several sources, forgive any Gaelic mispellings by the assorted authors. The artifacting was extreme heavy in the oldest source, if any remains please overlook it. The majority was from Edward Claypool, a genealogist from Chicago, Illinois in the late 19th century. Amendments in the ancestors and McKinley’s later administrations were from Wikipedia. Big Ben Parker was by Lena Doolin Mason— www.math.buffalo.edu/%7Esww/0history/parker_big.ben.html
10
in Capt.. McKlaskey’s Company, Col. Richard McAllister’s Regiment of York County (Pa.) Militia, and was engaged in the skirmish at Amboy, July, 1776.
“I have sent orders to the commanding officer of the Pennsylvania Militia to march to Amboy.”—July 14, 1776. George Washington.
Two companies of this militia which helped form the •’Flying Camp” arrived at Amboy July 16, 1776. as reported bv the commanding officer. David McKinley was also engaged with his company at the defense of the Fort at Paulus Hook (now Jersey City, N. J. On the 15th of September the British captured New York City. In speaking of the bombardment of the city by the ships Roebuck, Phoenix and Tartar. The Freeman’’ s Journal of Oct. 5, 1776, says the vessels “were roughly treated by the American battery at Paulus Hook.” Paulus Hook Fort was evacuated Sept. 23, 1776.
David also served in the companies of Captains Ross, Laird, Reed, Holderbaum, Sloymaker, Robe and Harnahan. and was engaged in the skirmish of Chestnut Hill in 1777. Residence at enlistment, Chanceford, Pa. Date applied for pension, August 15, 1835. Residence at date of application. New Lisbon. O. Age of applicant, born May 16, 1755, in York Co., Pa. Remarks : .After the war, lived in Westmoreland Co., Pa., fifteen years: then removed to Mercer County, and in 1814 settled in Columbiana Co., Ohio. David McKinley died August 5, 1840, in Crawford County, Oh.
On December 9, 1780, he was married in Westmoreland Countv. Pa., to Sarah Gray, by whom he had ten children, the second being
30. James McKinleyBorn Sept. 19, 1783. who married “Polly’” Rose about 1805, and
resided on a farm in Heine Township, Mercer County, Pa. Early in the thirties he became interested in the iron business, and run a charcoal furnace for a number of years at Lisbon, Oh. He was an elder in the Lisbon Presbyterian Church from 1822 to 1836, during the pastorate of Rev. Dr. Vallandingham. His eldest son,
31. William McKinley Was born in Pine Township, Mercer County, Pa., Nov. 15, 1807.
Having been trained in the iron business by his father, he, at an early age, became manager of the old furnace near New Wilmington, Lawrence County, Pa., which position he held for twenty. one years. During that extended period he drove every Saturday to Poland, where his family had their home, returning on Monday to his duties at the furnace. He was a devout Methodist, a staunch Whig and an ardent advocate of a protective tariff. He died in 1892 at the age of eighty- five.
He was married in 1829 to Nancy Allison, an estimable lady of Scotch-Irish blood, who bore him nine children, of whom the seventh child is
32. President William McKinleyWho was born January 29, 1843, at Niles, Trumbull County, Oh.,
where his father was interested in one of the early iron furnaces of that section. He was educated in common schools and at Poland
Academy; at the age of seventeen he entered Allegheny College at Meadville, Pa., but taking sick early in the term he returned home, and that winter taught a country school near Poland, ()The following summer a new school was open for him — Fort Sumter’s booming guns roused the blood of his liberty-loving Scotch
ancestors (although he knew not of them), and in June, 1861, in response to Abraham Lincoln’s first call for troops, he enlisted as a private soldier in the 23rd Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and marched to the front. For fourteen months the young soldier served in the ranks. He shouldered his musket, carried the knapsack and “Drank from the same canteen.” Every duty of the private -soldier he faithfully performed. In camp, on march, on picket he bore his part, and the battles of Antietam and South Mountain only served to further rouse the blood of the descendant of the Highland Chiefs. He saw his first battle when Rosecrans defeated Floyd at Fairfax Ferry. His first promotion was that of Commissary Sergeant.
On Sept. 24, 1862. after the battle of Antietam, he was promoted to Second Lieutenant. “Blood will tell.” In less than five months he takes another step up the ladder, and is promoted to First Lieutenant. On July 25, 1864, he is made Captain, speedily followed by promotion to the brigade and division staff of Gen. Rutherford B. Hayes ; next as Acting Assistant Adjutant-General on the staff of Gen. George Crook, then on the staff of Major-Gen. Winfield S. Hancock, and subsequently on the staff of Gen. Samuel S. Carroll. He was with Sheridan in his great campaign through the Shenandoah Valley. Did he fight? A treasured document signed by Abraham Lincoln, which made William McKinley Brevet Major of the United States Volunteers in 1864 “for gallant and meritorious services at the battles of Opequan, Cedar Creek and Fisher’s Hill,” is an emphatic answer. In his “Memoirs,’’ Gen. Sheridan tells how he found the young major rallying the troops at Cedar Creek on the morning of his famous ride from Winchester.
He was with the famous 2nd Ohio in all its battles, and was mustered out with it July 26, 1865, after more than four years of hard, active and distinguished service.
After the war, he turned his attention to the study of law, and attended the Law School at Albany, N. V. In 1867 he was admitted to the bar, and in 1869 was elected Prosecuting Attorney of Stark County, Oh., and served two years. About this time he attended another court, and did some courting which resulted in his marriage Jan. 25. 1871, to Miss Ida Saxton, a gentle and accomplished lady, the daughter of James A. Saxton, a prominent business man of Canton, Oh. This has been a very happy union, the devotion of husband and wife, constant, and a true representation of “The love that never grows old.” Two children were born to them, both of whom died young.
The kind-hearted nature of Major McKinley was forcibly shown during the mining troubles of 1875. After a strike and riot in the western part of Stark County, the building over the coal shaft and other buildings had been burned, and thirty or forty of the strikers were indicted for the offense; Major McKinley believing they were unjustly treated and not guilty of destroying the works, took charge of the case, which is still looked back upon as one of the memorable criminal trials of Stark County, Oh.
The result was the acquittal of all but one of the accused, who was sentenced to three years in the penitentiary, but was pardoned by (Governor Hayes after hearing McKinley’s appeal on his behalf.
When the miners called upon him with notes and drafts with which to pay him for his services, the Major told them that as they had been out of work and put to much expense by this charge, their families needed all they could earn, and he could better do without the money than they could; that he had taken their case because he believed they had been grievously wronged, and he defended them
“My wife, Cortelyou, be careful how you tell her, oh be careful.”—William McKinley, shortly after his being shot.
Ida McKinley developed epilepsy and became totally dependent on her husband. Her seizures at times occurred in public. The president President would gently place a napkin or handkerchief over her face to conceal her contorted features.. William was totally devoted to Ida, and she was totally dependent upon him.
11
more to secure justice than to make money. He tore up the notes and drafts, and sent the men home to earn a living for their families. The miners of Eastern Ohio and Western Pennsylvania have never forgotten this kindness.
Major McKinley was elected to Congress in 1876 and served continuously in the House of Representatives until March, 1891, fourteen years. He served on the most important committees, and won distinction by his prominent and profound ability in the consideration and preparation of economic measures. He was elected (Governor of Ohio in 1891, and as evidence of his just and able administration, he was re-elected in 1893 by the greatest number of votes ever cast for any State or Presidential candidate in the history of Ohio.
The bronze badge of the G.A.R., or the red, white and blue rosette of the Loyal Legion, is always seen in his button-hole.
President and Mrs. McKinley were members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.
During the campaign of 1894, one of the Nebraska (Glee Clubs sang—“ The man will fare slimly Who opposes McKinley’ In eighteen ninety six.”
This proved a good prophecy, for on November 3, 1896, William McKinley was elected the twenty-fifth President of the United States by an overwhelming majority.
McKinley’s inauguration marked the beginning of the greatest movement of consolidation that American business had ever seen. Such consolidation of business (then called trusts) was the culmination of a trend already far under way when McKinley took office. The administration did not actively use the Sherman Antitrust Act as would Theodore Roosevelt and therefore trusts were allowed to grow.
McKinley validated his claim as the “advance agent of prosperity” when the year 1897 brought a revival of business, agriculture, and general prosperity. This was due to the end of the Panic of 1893 which was caused by deflation dating back to the Civil War and Reconstruction. The end of the deflationary period was largely due to the Gold Standard Act of 1900 which set the value of the dollar, thus alleviating some of the monetary concerns that had plagued the United States since the 1870’s. This wave of prosperity, bolstered by US victory in the Spanish-American War, would carry on into the 20th century until the Panic of 1907 and ensured McKinley’s reelection in 1900.
On June 16, 1897, a treaty was signed annexing the Republic of Hawaii to the United States. The Government of Hawaii speedily ratified this, but it lacked the necessary two-thirds vote in the U.S. Senate. The solution was to annex Hawaii by joint resolution. The resolution provided for the assumption by the United States of the Hawaiian debt up to $4,000,000. The Federal Government by its authority, drafted a territorial form of government, which became law April 30, 1900.
McKinley campaigns on gold coin (gold standard) with support from soldiers, businessmen, farmers and professionals.
Republicans pointed to the deficit under the Wilson Law with much the same concern manifested by President Grover Cleveland in 1888 over the surplus. A new tariff law had to be passed, if possible before a new Congressional election. An extra session of Congress was therefore
summoned for March 15, 1897. The Ways and Means Committee, which had been at work for three months, forthwith reported through Chairman Nelson Dingley the bill which bore his name. More deliberation marked procedure in the Senate. This body passed the bill after toning up its schedules with some 870 amendments, most
of which pleased the Conference Committee and became law. The President signed the act July 24, 1897. The Dingley Act was estimated by its author to advance the average rate from the 40 percent of the Wilson Bill to approximately 50 percent or a shade higher than the McKinley rate. As proportioned to consumption the tax imposed by, it was probably heavier than that under either of its predecessors.
Charges of cronyism emerged around his elevation of aging Ohio Senator John Sherman to head the State Department. While McKinley hoped Sherman’s reputation would bolster public perceptions of an otherwise lackluster Cabinet, Marcus Hanna’s victory in the special election for the Ohio senate seat proved damaging to McKinley’s reputation in some circles. Contrary to popular belief, McKinley had not selected Sherman to pave the way for Hanna. The president-elect had initially offered Hanna the patronage-dispensing position of Postmaster General, which Hanna refused. McKinley’s first choice for the State Department, Senator William Allison of Iowa, declined the offer. Sherman, who previously served as Secretary of the Treasury, appeared a strong selection. Although Sherman was an experienced public servant, he was advanced in years and continually dodged rumors of advancing senility, charges that were not without merit. McKinley’s longtime friend William Rufus Day operated as acting Secretary of State during the crucial months leading up to the Spanish-American War.
The single event that came to define McKinley’s presidency was the Spanish-American War. The conflict between the two countries grew from yellow journalist stories of Spanish atrocities in Cuba, namely Spain’s use of concentration camps and brutal force to quash the Cubans’ rebellion. The Spanish repeatedly promised new reforms, then postponed them. Democrats and the sensationalist yellow journalism of William Randolph Hearst’s newspapers pushed American public opinion against Spain through a 19th century media blitz for war. McKinley and the business community, aided by House Speaker Reed, opposed the growing public demand for war. The McKinley Administration, however, was having trouble containing growing US sentiment.
To demonstrate growing American concern, a warship, the U.S.S. Maine, was dispatched to Havana harbor. On February 15, 1898, it mysteriously exploded and sank, causing the deaths of 260 men. No one was officially blamed but the episode riveted the nation. The uncertainty factor weakened McKinley and after more delays from Madrid he turned the matter over to Congress, which voted for war. Although the U.S. Army was poorly prepared, the Navy was ready and militia and national guard units rushed to the colors, most notably Theodore Roosevelt and his “Rough Riders”. The naval war in Cuba and the Philippines was a success, the easiest war in U.S. history, and after 118 days Spain agreed to peace terms at the Treaty of Paris in July. Secretary of State John Hay called it a “splendid little war.” The United States gained ownership of Guam and Puerto Rico from Spain as well as purchasing the Philippines for $20 Million, and political and economic control over Cuba through the Platt Amendment.
At the Peace Conference Spain sold its rights to the Philippines to the U.S., which took control of the islands and suppressed local rebellions, over the objection of the Democrats and the newly formed Anti-Imperialist League. McKinley sent
McKinley under his friend Rutherford B. Hayes, at the Battle of Anteitam, and with General Sheridan in the Shennedoah Valley Caimpaign.
12
William Howard Taft to the Philippines and then to Rome to settle the long-standing dispute over lands owned by the Catholic Church. By 1901 the Philippines were peaceful again after a decade of turmoil.
McKinley was the last Civil War veteran to be elected president, having served as a Major in the 23rd Ohio Regiment. He was raised as a Methodist and an abolitionist by his mother in Poland, Ohio. He was sympathetic to African Americans who struggled under the “Jim Crow” laws throughout the nation while he was President. He named numerous African Americans to appointed office, including Walter L. Cohen of New Orleans, a leader of the Black and Tan Republican faction, as a customs inspector.
However, McKinley was unwilling to use federal power to enforce the 15th Amendment in the U.S. Constitution. During his Presidency there were many murders, torturing, and civil rights violations throughout the country against African Americans. McKinley was unwilling to return to the Reconstruction methods of the Congress after the Civil War during the Andrew Johnson and Ulysses S. Grant Administrations and did not take steps to ameliorate the effects of the 1896 U.S. Supreme Court decision Plessy vs. Ferguson. In that decision the Supreme Court declared that public facilities that were “separate but equal” could be used to segregate African Americans from white society. McKinley made several speeches on African American equality and justice:
“It must not be equality and justice in the written law only. It must be equality and justice in the law’s administration everywhere, and alike administered in every part of the Republic to every citizen thereof. It must not be the cold formality of constitutional enactment. It must be a living birthright.
“Our black allies must neither be forsaken nor deserted. I weigh my words. This is the great question not only of the present, but is the great question of the future; and this question will never be settled until it is settled upon principles of justice, recognizing the sanctity of the Constitution of the United States. Nothing can be permanently settled until the right of every citizen to participate equally in our State and National affairs is unalterably fixed. Tariff, finance, civil service, and all other political and party questions should remain open and unsettled until every citizen who has a constitutional right to share in the determination is free to enjoy it.
Despite McKinley’s laudatory rhetoric, the political realities prevented any real action on the part of his administration in regards to race relations. Despite his seeming inaction, however, McKinley did appoint thirty African-Americans to “positions of consequence” which was code for diplomatic and record office positions. During the Spanish-American War, McKinley even countermanded army orders preventing recruitment of African-American soldiers.
McKinley was re-elected in 1900, this time with foreign policy paramount. Bryan had demanded war with Spain (and
volunteered as a soldier), but strongly opposed annexation of the Philippines. He was also running on the same issue of free silver as he did before, but since the silver debate was ended with the passage of the Gold Standard Act of 1900,
McKinley easily won re-election.Mrs. McKinley’s health was still poor after the 1900 campaign. She
travelled to California with the President in May 1901. McKinley spent most of his time with his wife, but the First Lady became so ill in San Francisco that the planned tour of the Northwest was cancelled.
The President and Mrs. McKinley attended the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. He delivered a speech about his positions on tariffs and foreign trade on September 5, 1901. The following morning, McKinley visited Niagara Falls before returning to the Exposition. That afternoon McKinley had an engagement to greet the public at the Temple of Music. Standing in line, Leon Frank Czolgosz waited with a pistol in his right hand concealed by a handkerchief. At 4:07 p.m. Czolgosz fired twice at the president. The first bullet grazed his shoulder, but the second went through his stomach, pancreas, and kidney, and finally lodged in the muscles of his back. McKinley whispered to his secretary, George Cortelyou, “My wife, Cortelyou, be careful how you tell her, oh be careful.” Czolgosz would have fired again, but he was struck by Big Ben Parker, an unemployed African American waiter and then also was subdued by an enraged crowd. The wounded McKinley reportedly called out, “Boys! Don’t let them hurt him!”] because the angry crowd beat Czolgosz so severely it looked as if they might kill him on the spot. Ben Parker’s actions prevented this assassin from firing a third fatal shot. His actions were commended by all, but were hidden by a severely embarrassed Secret Service who’s protection was totally inadequate. Big Ben Parker was totally ignored in the following trial and official statements. No thanks, and recognition was ever forthcoming by the United States government, mostly due to Mr. Parker being an African American. Mr. Parker was gracious and accepting of this, as he in his own words... “was grateful to be of service to his country” (see page 13).
One bullet was easily found and extracted, but doctors were unable to locate the second bullet. It was feared that the search for the bullet might cause more harm than good. In addition, McKinley appeared to be recovering, so doctors decided to leave the bullet where it was.
The newly developed x-ray machine was displayed at the fair, but doctors were reluctant to use it on McKinley to search for the bullet because they did not know what side effects it might have on him. The operating room at the exposition’s emergency hospital did not have any electric lighting, even though the exteriors of many of the buildings at the extravagant exposition were covered with thousands of light bulbs. The surgeons were unable to operate by candlelight because of the danger created by the flammable ether used to keep the president unconscious, so doctors were forced to use pans instead to reflect sunlight onto the operating table while they treated McKinley’s wounds.
McKinley’s doctors believed he would recover, and he convalesced for more than a week in Buffalo at the home of the exposition’s director. On the morning of September 12, he felt strong enough to receive his first food orally since the shooting – toast and a small cup of coffee. However, by afternoon he began to experience discomfort and his condition rapidly worsened. McKinley began to go into shock. At 2:15 am on September 14, 1901, eight days after he was shot, he died at age 58 from gangrene surrounding his wounds. His last words were, “It is God’s way; His will be done, not ours.”] He was originally buried in the receiving vault of West Lawn Cemetery in Canton, Ohio. His remains were later reinterred in the McKinley Memorial, also in Canton.
McKinley was the last veteran of the American Civil War in the White House, and the first president of the 20th Century n
McKinley was President during the Spanish-American War, here lies the rubble of the U.S.S. Maine, whose destruction started the conflict in 1898.
James Benjamin Parker was six-foot-six inches and about 250 pounds. In a Buffalo Times Sept. 12 article, he is
described as a plain, modest, gentlemanly personJames Benjamin Parker came to Buffalo from the Savannah Georgia where he had been a constable. No one had stayed in line longer than “Big Ben” James Parker, a six-foot six inch Negro waiter from Atlanta who was laid-off by the exposition’s Plaza Restaurant. Parker had been standing outside the temple since mid-morning in order to get into where the president was to appear. The Temple of Music opened and hundreds of people made an orderly, single-file procession to the front of the auditorium where President McKinley, flanked by John Milburn and his personal secretary, George Cortelyou, stood waiting. It was extremely hot in the room -- over ninety degrees -- and everybody was carrying handkerchiefs, either wiping their brows or waving them at the president. Anarchist Leon Czolgosz had wrapped his right hand in a handkerchief like a bandage and held it as if it were in a sling. His revolver was hidden underneath. A short, Italian man with a thick mustache caught the eye of the president’s chief of security, Foster, as suspicious. Foster quicky grabbed the man who was shocked, but harmless. He was let go. This incident distracted Foster and the other guards, by the time it was Czolgosz’s turn to shake the President’s hand. But Big Ben Parker was in line behind Czolgosz.
As the fast-moving line brought him directly in front of the president, Czolgosz shot twice. The first bullet knicked off a button on McKinley’s vest, the second tore into the President’s stomach. The handkerchief burst into flames, falling to the floor.
A secret service man’s initial eyewitness acount:
“Parker struck the assassin in the neck with one hand and with the other reached for the
revolver which had been discharged through the handkerchief and the shots had set fire to the linen.While on the floor Czolgosz again tried to discharge the revolver but before he got to the president the Negro knocked it from his hand.”
While Czolgosz was pounced on and beaten by the attending soldiers and guards, McKinley, amid the screeching pandemonium in the room, was carried out and several minutes later was being rushed in an electrical ambulance to the exposition hospital. In the time between the shooting and McKinley’s death, Parker had numerous offers to work on the Midway at the Exposition recounting his participation. One company wanted to sell his photograph, but he refused. In a quote in the Buffalo Commercial, dated Sept. 13, 1901, Parker said, “I happened to be in a position where I could aid in the capture of the man. I do not think that the American people would like me to make capital out of the unfortunate circumstances. I am no freak anyway. I do not want to be exhibited in all kinds of shows. I am glad that I was able to be of service to the country.”
News of the part Parker played in this national drama quickly spread.
Czolgosz’s trial was quick. Most disturbing was the conduct of the defense. Czolgosz was defended by two court-appointed lawyers, Loran L. Lewis and Robert G. Titus, aging former judges who had not argued in court in years. On the opening day of the trial, Lewis requested of the judge that the court be in session only four hours a day: “Neither Judge Titus nor myself is a young man and neither of us is in perfect health... I mention four P.M. because my home -- my summer home is in Lewiston and the train leaves at 4:40.”
All of the jurors admitted that they were inclined to find Czolgosz guilty and that they would consider acquittal only if presented with reasonable evidence to the contrary. Czolgosz’s lawyers made no effort to
communicate with their client, called no defense witnesses, and constantly apologized to the court for their client’s “dastardly act,” while through it all tearfully referring to the greatness of “our martyred President.”
Prior to the trial, which began September 23, 1901, Parker was considered a major character in the assassination. However, trial itself clouded Parker’s participation in the events of September 6, 1901. Not only was Parker not asked to testify, but those who did testify never identified Parker as the person who took the assassin down.
On a September 13, article about Parker in the Buffalo Express, Mr. James Quackenbush, an attorney, stated that he had been standing six feet from the President. He said that he was looking to the right of President at the time the first shot was fired and looked to Czolgosz at the sound of the second shot. Quackenbush stated that he saw Mr. Gallagher, Mr. Ireland (both Secret Service men), Private O’ Brian and the other men from the 73rd Seacoast Artillery, lunge forward toward Czolgosz who then went down. He also stated that he saw no one else seize upon Czoglosz except the Secret Service men and the artillerymen.
Even the Secret Service Men who earlier reported Parker’s role testified they saw no Negro involved. Both the Buffalo Courier and the Commercial newspapers, responded in an indirect fashion to the controversy by stating that the evidence brought out at the trial proved that Parker had nothing to with the capture of Czolgosz. It appeared to many that the Secret Service and the military were embarrassed that this man essentially brought the assassin down instead of them. Parker was asked to comment about not testifying. He said, “ I don’t say it was done with any intent to defraud, but it looks mighty funny, that’s all.” n13
Ben Parker— A Hero Never Recognized, A Hero Ignored and Forgotten
“BIG”
For Years Alex has performed around the U.S. at major Scottish Festivals including Kentucky Scottish Weekend and
Grandfather Mountain’s Highland Games.Just weeks ago there was a noticeable
absence in the music venue at Grandfather. Crowds around one of the performing stages were lighter. Many were missing their true friend Alex who was hospitalized in Tennessee.
On July 2, Alex had an unexplained medical emergency and he was taken to Baptist Hospital in Nashville, because he suddenly could not move his arms or legs. Testing determined a bulging disc had caused a spinal cord injury. On July 3, doctors performed emergency spinal surgery to alleviate the pressure on his spinal cord.
Alex is currently recovering in the medical intensive care unit of the hospital where the medical team is working to stabilize him in preparation to move to a rehabilitation hospital.
Alex Beaton is Seriously Ill and Hospitalized But... we know you can’t be “beaton”!!!!
Alex Beaton perfomed at KSW and acted as master of ceremonies at some of
its events..
Out of the Sporran: A collection of happenings... in the current Scottish World
He is being closely monitored and continues to make slow progress - as is expected in this situation. It will take time for the effects of the surgery, the anesthesia, and the swelling to diminish.
His wife, Linda, is with him and he is receiving attentive care from the medical staff. Alex and Linda covet your prayers for a full recovery and invite you to send them your thoughts and well-wishes via his Facebook page and the Baptist Hospital ‘Care Mail’ system on line (email to: [email protected] and be sure to include “Alex Beaton--Care Mail” in the Subject line of the e-mail.)
Alex and Linda thank you all for your love and concern.
Doctor’s are working hard to get Alex back on his musical journey. Hopefully soon Alex will be strumming along and we’ll see him at maybe a few venues, so we can hear his tones and moving performances again.
I know all in the Caledonian Society wish him a speedy and full recovery. Thoughts and Prayers from all of us!!! n
14
For those who wish to see The Caledonian Pipes and Drums (CPD) in action. And where The Lousantisville Highlanders (TLH) are to march please check the
dates listed below:AugCPD-Sunday 7th, Dublin Irish Festival, 11:30CPD-Saturday 20th, Caledonian Corn Roast SeptCPD-Sunday 11th, Loveland 911 eventCPD-23-25 Cincinnati Celtic Festival, Fountain Square OctCPD-Sunday 16th, Indian Hill KirkingCPD-Sunday 30th, Cov. First Pres Kirking NovCPD-Saturday 26th St. Andrew’s NightTLH-TBAcirca Friday 11th, Harrison OH
Veterans Parade Dec.CPD-Sunday 11th, Pleasant Ridge Prs
Kirking n
Caledonian Marching Orders for Events and Parades
We’re back for 2011 and we’ve added another day! Join us for a celebration of Celtic culture with music, dance, contests, food, and drink September 23-25 on Fountain Square. That’s right. The Cincinnati Celtic Festival is on Fountain Square, and admission is FREE!
Best Legs ContestA panel of judges along with the hoots and hollers of the crowd will determine the winner of a “Best Male Legs” contest. Male contestants will strut their stuff wearing a kilt to show off what they got! The one who receives the best response will win a prize worth $100. Must be 21 or older to participate.
Corned Beef & Cabbage ContestUp to 15 contestants will compete in an corned beef and cabbage eating contest. The one with the best time wins a prize valued at $100. Must be 21 or older to participate.Pre-registration for both contests is recommended, but walk-ups the day of the event will be considered.
October 22nd Please join us for a celebration of Scottish-Celtic heritage featuring all things Scottish such as: bagpipes, music, athletic competi-tion including: caber-tossing, sheath toss, weighted throws, stone throws, etc., Clan tents, Scottish entertainers, genealogy tent, Scottish vendors, highland cattle, sheepherding and MUCH MORE!
There are events the whole family will enjoy!9:30 till 4:00 pm
www.wkyhighlandfestival.com270.753-2225 and get info! www.dublinirishfestival.org
Irish attitude is all you need to experience the Dub-lin Irish Festival in Dublin, Ohio, USA. For 24 years, the first weekend in August has been reserved for what is now the world’s second largest Irish cel-ebration. More than 100,000+ guests are expected this year. With 7 stages, 65 acts and more than 535 performers, there is truly something for everyone.The 2011 Festival kicks off Thursday, August 4 in Historic Dublin with the 5K and Dub Crawl. Festival gates open Friday, August 5 at 4 p.m. on 29 acres in Coffman Park. Music, dance, shopping, culture, art and more make this event one that keeps guests of all ages returning year after year. But, don’t just take our word for it. Watch the video below and see what others have to say. With the luck of the Irish, we’ll see you there.
a night of magic, a night of highland tradition
@Maketewha...Saint Andrew’s BallNovember 26th, 2011Plan to attend—513-574-2969more information to follow
The Grand St. Andrew’s Ball
Sponsored by The Caledonian Society of Cincinnati
Friends! SCOTSMEN! Countrymen! Lend Me Your
EARS!!!
Please complete this reservation form, remove, and return it with your check (to the Caledonian Society of Cincinnati) prior to August 15th to Jesse Andrews, Caledonian Society, 6910 Bridgetown Road, Cincin-nati, OH 45248-2822. You may call him at 513-574-2969 for further informa-tion. You may also “pay at the door”
Number of adults (__) x $9.5: $___________Number of Children -12 (__) x $5 $___________Total Amount of Check: $___________
THE CALEDONIAN SOCIETY’SFOUNDER’S DAY CORN ROAST & FAMILY PICNICSaturday, August 20th, 2011• Children’s Games + Prizes!• Highland Athletics Participation Demos!• Corn on the grill • Hamburgers, hot dogs + condiments• Soft drinks, iced tea • Highland Dancing• Country dancing• Pipes and drums
12:00 p.m. until 6:00 p.m@Keehner Park, 7211 Barret Road, West Chester —Take I-75 N, to Union Center Blvd., Go East turn left onto Cin-cinnati/Dayton Road, turn right to West Chester Road, turn left onto Barret Road turn right into Keehner Park-look for Scots.
I Come Not To Boil Corn, But—To ROAST IT!!!!
$9.50 per Adult Children to 12—$5.00Children under 6 and seniors 80 or over FREE!!!!!!!!!!!!Anyone who wishes to participate in bringing a covered dish, might we suggest A-K salad or side dish, L-P desserts and R -W appetizer.
Look! A wee KILT!!!
“We were going to charge a buck-an-ear. But that’s Piracy!”
