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THE SAFAVID EMPIRE
I. ORIGINS
map, p. 469 was a Shiite empire, founded by Shah Ismail
shah = king covered much of Iraq & Iran (also known as
Persia) used the Shiite faith to unite the areas under
Safavid control conflict with the Ottoman Empire
religious conflict territorial conflict
Azerbaijan
capital = Isfahan
II. MAJOR RULERS
Shah Ismail – founder Shah Abbas (r. 1588-1629)
strengthened the army & government bureaucracy
regained control of Azerbaijan in 1612 after Shah Abbas’ death, religious orthodoxy
began to play a larger role in Safavid society effect on women?
the Safavid empire declined by the early 18th cent. result? - anarchy
comparison w/Ottomans? – see Venn diagram on p. 470
III. SAFAVID SOCIETY
reflected both Turkish & Persian influence pyramidal political structure
1. shah exercised power over the landed aristocracy awarded govt. positions based upon merit & skill
2. bureaucracy & landed peoples 3. common people
trade & manufacturing were very important good location for trade horse or camel caravans led to creation of an affluent urban middle class
IV. CULTURE
Isfahan became a center for the arts a planned city elaborate buildings
silk weaving was a distinctive art form, as was carpet weaving
Riza-i-Abbasi painter used simple subjects
for inspiration “Convivial Party”(1612)
(Hermitage Museum)
The "Seley" Carpet, late 16th centuryProbably Herat (present-day Afghanistan)
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, NYC
Binding: From a manuscript of the Mantiq al-Tayr (The Language of the Birds) of Farid al-Din cAttar, ca. 1600; SafavidIran (Isfahan)
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, NYC
Jug, early 16th century; SafavidAfghanistan (probably Herat)Cast brass, inlaid with silver and gold
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, NYC