Journal of THE AMERICAN

DIETETIC ASSOCIATION

MAY 2001 VOLUME 101 I NUMBER 5

COMMENTARY

529 Public health nutrition practice in the United States in the new century Donna B. Johnson, PhD, RD, David L. Eaton, PhD, Patricia W Wahl, PhD, Carolyn Gleason, MS, RD

RESEARCH

535 The relationship between parental modeling, eating patterns, and dietary intake among African-American parents Tiffany Tibbs, MA, Debra Haire-Joshu, PhD, Kenneth B. Schechtman, PhD, Ross C. Brownson, PhD, Marilyn S. Nanney, MS, RD, Cheryl Houston, PhD, RD, Wendy Auslander, PhD In this study the authors examine the eating patterns and dietary intakes of parents in relation to how these habits influence their children's diets. Essentially, this study explores the possibility and effectiveness of parental modeling as a method of ensuring that children make more balanced choices. Parental modeling is a process of observational learning in which the child adopts the eating pattern of the parents. The authors found a positive correlation between the dietary patterns of adults and their children, and encourage the use of parental modeling as a method to help children develop healthy eating patterns.

542 Acculturation of Mexican-American mothers influences child feeding strategies Lucia L. Kaiser, PhD, RD, Hugo R. Melgar-Quinonez, MD, PhD, Cathi L. Lamp, MS, MPH, RD, Margaret C. Johns, RD, MPA, Janice 0. Harwood, MA To what extent does the influence of maternal acculturation affect the eating habits of children? In this study the authors examine the influence of maternal acculturation level on child feeding strategies and anthropometry in preschoolers from low-income Mexican-American families. The risk for diabetes and other chronic diseases is estimated to be forty percent in men and forty-eight percent in women among Mexican-Americans. To prevent obesity and chronic disease in at-risk immigrant populations, a framework that ties acculturation to early childhood feeding practices is needed, the authors contend. Dietitians, the authors maintain, should consider the differences between child feeding practices among different cultures and develop strategies to help children select more nutritious foods.

Joumal oJtheAmericanDieteticAssociation (ISSN 0002-8223) is published monthly for $125 per year in the United States, $150 per year in Canada, and $205 per year in all other countries by the American Dietetic Association, 216 W Jackson Blvd, Chicago, IL 60606-6995. ADA members' yearly subscription price of$15 is included in dues and is nondeductible therefrom. Web site address: http:/ /www.eatright.org. Periodicals postage paid at Chicago, Ill, and additional mailing offices. Canada Post International Publications Mail Product (Canadian Distribution Sales AgreementNo. 1028537). POSTMASTER: send address changes to Joumal oj the American Dietetic Association, 216 W Jackson Blvd, Chicago, IL 60606-6995.

Copyright 2001 by the American Dietetic Association. Printed in USA. Telephone: 312/899-0040. The American Dietetic Association is an Equal Opportunity Employer. Neither the Association nor the Editor assumes responsibility for the opinions expressed by authors of papers abstracted, quoted, or published in full in the Joumal.

(lSSN 0002-B223)

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Elaine R. Monsen, PhD, RD

JOURNAL STAFF Editorial Director Jennifer F. Herendeen

Production Manager Carolyn Rand

Editors Jim McCaffree Nathan Prince

Assistant Editor Tony Peregrin

Production Editor David Paskey

Advertising Manager Gregory M. Andruch

Contributing Editors Carrie 1. Cheney, PhD, RD Gill Robertson, MS, RD

Administrative Editor Deborah K. Shattuck

Assistant to the Editor-in-Chief Janet McGregor

"Parental modeling and dietary patterns in African-American parents" (p. 535). Art direction by David Zwierz. Cover photography by Denis Scott.

Journal of THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION

548 Development of scales to measure dietary acculturation among Chinese-Americans and Chinese-Canadians Jessie A. Satia, PhD, MPH, Ruth E. Patterscm, PhD, RD, Alan R. Kristal, DrPH, T. Gregory Hislop, MDCM Yutaka Yasui, PhD, Vicky M. Taylor, MD Thls study is about the dietary patterns and behaviors of Chinese-Ameri­cans and Chinese-Canadians. The authors' intention was to develop simple scales to measure Chinese immigrants' adoption of Western eating patterns (dietary acculturation). Using two scales to assess dietary acculturation, the authors collected data from 244 less-acculturated Chinese women in the US and Canada. The authors conclude that the ability to accurately assess dietary acculturation is a vital component of nutrition education, interventions, research, and counseling.

554 Intakes of most nutrients remain at acceptable levels during a weight management program using the food exchange system Laura M. Benezra, MA, RD, David C. Nieman, DrPH, Cathy M. Nieman, MS, RD, Chris Melby, DrPH, Kirk Cureton, PhD, Dan Schmidt, PhD, Edward T. Howley, PhD, Carol Costello, PhD, James 0. Hill, PhD, James R. Mault, MD, Heather Alexander, MS, RD, Darby J. Steward, PhD, Kris Osterberg, MS The purpose of this study was to determine if the food exchange system maintains reconunended levels of nutrient intake in a conununity based weight-loss program. Current weight-loss guidelines from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) reconunend a daily energy deficit of 300 to 1,000 kcal to achieve body mass reductions of 0.54 to 2.0 lb (0.2 to 0.9 kg) per week. For more than 50 years, the authors point out, the food exchange system has been used as a tool for meal planning, education, and counseling for persons with diabetes and those on weight­loss regimens. Based on their study using healthy overweight, premeno­pausal women in a community-based weight management program, the authors found that it was possible to improve the macronutrient quality of their diets if the diets were based on the food exchange system and the Food Guide Pyramid.

559 Continuing professional education questionnaire

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EDITORIAL CORRESPONDENCE The Jour­nal publishes refereed reports of original re­search and other papers covering the broad aspects of dietetics, including nutrition and diet therapy, community nutrition, education and training, and administration. Original manu­scripts are accepted for publication on the con­dition that they are contributed solely to the Journal. "Guidelines for Authors," published in the January issue of the Journal, is available upon request or may be downloaded [ramADA's Website <www.eatright.orgljournaVguidelines. html>. SUbmit manuscripts to Elaine R. Monsen, PhD, RD, Editor, BOX 353410, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.

The Editorwelcomes briefitems, such as letters to the editor, anno\.lllcements, and current notes and comment. Four typed, double-spaced copies must be submitted. Notices for publication, gen­eral correspondence, and inquiries should be ad­dressed to the Editor, Journal of the American Dietetic ASSOCiation, 216 W Jackson Blvd, Chi­cago, IL 60605-6995; 312/899-0040.

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Journal of THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION

REVIEW

582 Using goal setting as a strategy for dietary behavior change Karen Weber Cullen, DrPH, RD, Tom Baranowski, PhD, Stella P. Smith, RD The authors of this study state that recent reviews have found behavioral theory-based nutrition education programs to be more successful in achieving food behavior change than knowledge-based programs. Success­ful dietary behavior change programs target one or more of the personal, behavioral, or environmental factors that influence eating behavior and apply theory-based strategies to change these factors. There is little research, the authors find, available on the actual goal-setting process. In this review, the authors identify a four-step goal-setting process to help patients with various health problems. The four steps are: recognizing a need for change, establishing a goal, adopting a goal-directed activity and self-monitoring it, and self-rewarding goal-attainment. In conclusion, the authors emphasize the importance for dietitians to explore the various goal­setting procedures and to identify the right goals.

PERSPECTIVES IN ...:.,;PR:.::;A:.=,CT.::,:;IC==E:........-________ ----.I

587 Maternal and child health nutrition training builds leadership skills Sarah N. Letos, MS, RD, Cristine M. Trahms, MS, RD, FADA, Betty Lucas, MPH, RD, JudithA. Powell, MPH, RD Specialized, intensive training in nutrition develops and supports leadership skills and positively impacts career paths, as evidenced in the survey of individuals who received training in maternal and child health nutrition. 93% of the respondents, for example, where involved in local level leader­ship activities in clinical, academic and administrative levels.

572 Nutrition socialization experiences of children in the Head Start program Sara Gable, PhD, Susan Lutz, PhD, RD The authors of this study state that although children develop eating habits at home and from their parents, they also derive eating behavior from extra-familial environments. Since some preschoolers may be at risk for obesity, the authors examine the association of adult nutrition attitudes and mealtime behaviors in relation to young children's eating behaviors and weight-for-height. They found that parents' negative mealtime practices were associated with higher child weight-for-height and that parents' positive nutrition attitudes were related to healthier diets, fewer negative mealtime practices, and less troublesome eating behaviors.

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Journal of THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION

RESEARCH AND PROFESSIONAL BRIEFS

578 Reduced dietary underrecording with concurrent tracking of hunger Richard D. Mattes, PhD, MPH, RD, Leslie A. Bormann

580 Energy, fat and calcium in bannock consumed by Canadian Inuit Harriet Kuhnlein, PhD, RD, Olivier Receveur, PhD, MPH, RD, Amy lng, MSc, RD

582 Fat content of south Florida Indian frybread: Health implications for a pervasive Native-American food Janell Smith, MS, RD, Dennis Wiedman, PhD

OF PROFESSIONAL INTEREST

588 ADAF takes first steps toward childhood healthy weight initiative Esther F. Myers, PhD, RD, FADA, Guy H. Johnson, PhD

DEPARTMENTS

514 EDITOR'S OUTLOOK

516 PRESIDENT'S PAGE Challenge: Opportunity - Are we positioned to "seize the day"?

517 FOR YOUR INFORMATION Sports nutritionists fuel the competitive edge

520 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

522 PEOPLE AND EVENTS

524 PUBLIC POLICY NEWS The impact of HIP AA electronic transmissions and health informa­tion privacy standards

541 PRACTICE POINTS "Model" parents listen to their children

566 PRACTICE POINTS Goal setting: The powers to change

571 qUESTION OF THE MONTH Need to locate research in a hurry? Try PubMed

586 SOLUTION CENTER Case Problem: Questions regarding the acceptability of buckwheat, amaranth, quinoa, and oats form a patient with celiac disease

589 NEW IN REVIEW

601 CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING

CIIMNI IN THE J.IS.

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