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Eie HodIE DEDXDIXG Q L@WZEGT DEX@ BIDXDIE S@H@W

Odogr`sg ]. Jgiujrue

]rgciag jy Oihds`e Qoirtt Jgnn

Xriesnitgh jy H.L. Vinkgr

Adty Ndfbts J``ks Qie Crieadsa`

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Eie Hod, ng radt hueg dedtditd`e v`h`u :=9= jy Odogr`sg ]. JgiujrueGefndsb triesnitd`e jy H.L. Vinkgr :=91 jy Adty Ndfbts J``ksInn rdfbts rgsgrvgh.

@rdfdeinny pujndsbgh isEie Hod, ng radt hueg dedtditd`e v`h`u jy Sgetshidnngurs, Ni Z`qug hIetbr`e, Crieag, :=9=]ujndsbgh de tbg Wedtgh Qtitgs isEie Hod< Ie Dedtditgs L`uregy det` BidtdieS`h`u jy Adty Ndfbts J``ks de :=91

Xriesnitd`e oihg p`ssdjng wdtb supp`rt cr`o tbg Agetrg eitd`ein hundvrg< www.agetrgeitd`einhundvrg.cr

Ndjriry `c A`efrgss Aitin`fdef-de-]ujndaitd`e Hiti

Jgiujrue, Odogr`sg ]. (Odogr`sg ]dgrrg) [Eie hod, ng radt hueg dedtditd`e v`h`u. Gefndsb_ Eie hod, ie dedtditgs l`uregy det` Bidtdie v`h`u / Odogr`sg ]. Jgiujrue; prgciag jy Oihds`e Qoirtt Jgnn ; triesnitgh jy H.L. Vinkgr. pifgs ao Deanuhgs jdjnd`fripbdain rgcgrgeags ieh dehgx.

DQJE 462-=-26:23-768-6 (ink. pipgr) 9. Jgiujrue, Odogr`sg ]. (Odogr`sg ]dgrrg) :. Ietbr`p`n`fdstsBidtd Jd`fripby. 1. S h`uBidtd. 8. S h`uZdtuins. 7. Dedtditd`e rdtgs Zgndfd`us ispgatsS h`u. 3. Gtbe`n`fyBidtd. D. Xdtng.

JN:84=.J1291 :=91 :44.3'67=46:48ha:1

:=91=17=77

Adty Ndfbts J``ks irg pujndsbgh it tbg Adty Ndfbts J``kst`rg,:39 A`nuojus Ivgeug, Qie Crieadsa`, AI 48911.www.adtyndfbts.a`o

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A`etgets

Iake`wnghfogets 6 E`tg t` rgihgrs 2 ]rgciag, jy Oihds`e Qoirtt Jgnn4 ]r`n`fug :4 ABI]XGZ 9 Xbg Xgiabdef `c ]gragptd`e wdtb Iuet

Xiesdi87

ABI]XGZ : ]niagoget `c tbg Bgih 74 ABI]XGZ 1 Nwi `r i Qtitg `c Nuadh Hrgiodef034 ABI]XGZ 8 Xbg H`ujng ieh tbg Hrgio J`hy 29 ABI]XGZ 7 Xbg ]urd aitd`e9=1 ABI]XGZ 3 Oiedpunitdef tbg H`ujng9=4 ABI]XGZ 6 Vinkdef de tbg Qwiro `c Qtirs991

ABI]XGZ 2 Cdxgh de Oystdain Ke`wnghfg996 ABI]XGZ 4 Xbg Gyg `c tbg Vitgr9:7 ABI]XGZ 9= Gstijndsbdef i Ogies `c A`oouedaitd`e916 ABI]XGZ 99 Oiedpunitdef @egs Fdct984 ABI]XGZ 9: Xbg Dop`rtieag `c Lg 977 ABI]XGZ 91 D Zgogojgr 937 ABI]XGZ 98 T`u Oust Jg ]grspdaiad`us de @rhgr t` Qgg

`r Xbgrg Irg A`ehdtd`es c`r Qggdef:91 ABI]XGZ 97 Bivdef A`nh Gygs

`r tbg Cgir `c tbg Weke`we::6 ABI]XGZ 93 Nizdegssr Dehgadsd`e:11 ABI]XGZ 96 Vitab T ur Qtgp`r A`estiet Ittgetd`e :14 ABI]XGZ 92 Vdtegss `c tbgEieeie-rv :79

ABI]XGZ 94 Xbg Cirgwgnn Agrgo`ey.:74 Gpdn`fug:37 Ngxda`e:34

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]rgciag

jy Oihds`e Qoirtt Jgnn

n

Qdeag Gur`pg (ieh nitgr tbg Wedtgh Qtitgs) rst jgaiog iaquidet-gh wdtb dt, Bidtdie S h`u bis jgge ke`we ieh p`punirdzgh `enytbr`ufb dts hirkgst, o`st sdedstgr sdhg. Xbg odspgragptd`e ds vgrysgvgrg; dt ds is dc `eg wgrg t` pr`ounfitg i hg edtd`e `c Abrdstd-iedty jisgh getdrgny `e i hgsardptd`e `c Qitiedso. Ndkg s` oieycinsg doifgs `c dts kdeh, tbds sp``ky pdaturg `c S h`u ds jisgh `edea`oprgbgesd`e ieh cgir.

Xbg spgatiaunir `utwirh oiedcgstitd`es `c S`h`u `jsgr-vieagbype`tda hruoodef ieh abietdef, wbdab hrdvg crgegtdahieadef, wbdab dtsgnc ds ndkgny (ieh detgehgh) t` aunodeitg devd`nget-sggodef ts `c spdrdt p`ssgssd`eirg `cc-puttdef t` tbgGur`pgie odeh ieh dts hgsagehiets. Qdeag Gur`pg rst jgfie t`pgegtritg Icrdai, wbdtg gxpn`rgrs ieh rgp`rtgrs bivg hgsardjghsuab sagegs uehgr tbg rujrda `c sivifg rdtgsspdagh wdtb

bdets `r `utrdfbt iaausitd`es `c aieedjindso, tbg nittgr sgnh`o lustd gh jy iey ciats wbits`gvgr. Dt ds i vgry a`oo`e buoiebijdt t` tikg iniro it ieytbdef wbdab sggos indge, ieh tbge, us-def rungs `c spdrdtuin p`nirdzitd`e tbit irg jy e` ogies uedqug t`Abrdstdiedty, rgpgn dt jy hg edef dt is hdij`ndain.

Ieh, t` jg surg, tbgsg hdij`ndain hg edtd`es bivg inwiys bihtbgdr p`ndtdain o`tdvgs. Xbg dhg`n`fy `c a`equgst ieh a`n`edin-dso rgqudrgs tbit tbg a`equgrgh ieh a`n`edzgh jg hgpdatgh isuegendfbtgegh ieh ueadvdndzgh ieh, dc p`ssdjng, gvge s`ogwbitngss tbie buoie. X lustdcy tbg snivg trihg dt ds bgnpcun t` sgg tb`sgwb` irg t` jg gesnivgh is uec`rtueitg bgitbges de hgspgritg eggh`c rghgoptd`e jy i odndtiet Abrdstdiedty, gqudppgh wdtb wbdps

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9:

ieh abides. C`r ageturdgs, Gur`pg usgh tbgsg rbgt`rdain hgvdagst` put dtsgnc it i sicg hdstieag cr`o Icrdai. Xbgrgc`rg, wbgegvgri jniea (de Bidtdie e`ogeaniturg inn e`e-Bidtdies irg hg egh is

jniea , wbitgvgr tbg a`n`r `c tbgdr skde) gea`uetgrs S h`u c`r tbgrst tdog, tbg psyab`n`fdain rg gxgs `c bds rgiatd`e irg inrgihy depniag . . . ieh bivg jgge tbgrg c`r ageturdgs.

Vg bivg jgge wgnn destruatgh t` cgir tbg striefg. Ieh ygt, dcS h`u ds hdsturjdef t` tbg Gur`pgie odeh, tbit ds pirtny jgaiusg,ictgr inn, dt dse`t s` striefg. Xbg trgo`r tbit S h`u oikgs us cggnh`we de tbg `nhgr hggpgr r``ts `c `ur jride ds i punsg `c itivds-tda ogo`ryi rgsp`esg t` ieadget, `rdfdein rgndfd`us dopunsgswbdab irg jgttgr ainngh prdoiry tbie prdodtdvg. Q` wbge tbgodsdk risde fr`up J`ukie Fdege sdefs

Nicrdk, Nicrdk oioie e`uNicrdk, Nicrdk pipi e`uNicrdki, sg `u kd wi. . . . 9

tbgy irg sdefdef t` tb`sg `c us `c Gur`pgie hgsaget is ouabis t` tbgosgnvgs.Nicrdk sg nikiy t`u ef. De Bidtdie pirnieag,ef ogies e`t jniak jut buoie jgdef; tbg jniea ds hdstieaghis i p`tgetdinny o`estr`us indge. Qdeag inn buoiekdeh `rdfdeinnygv`nvgh `ut `c Icrdai, tbge degvdtijny, Icrdai ds tbg b`og `c inn bu-oie jgdefs.

Xbg Qpiedsb prdgst Jirt`n`o hg Nis Aisis, wb` wis io`efoiey `tbgr tbdefs i s`rt `c ur ndjgritd`e tbg`n`fdie, wis e`t

in`eg de suffgstdef tbit Icrdaies jg triesp`rtgh t` Bdspied`ni,: t` rgpniag tbg eitdvg Xide`1 pg`png wb`o tbg a`equdstih`rsbih ino`st a`opngtgny gxtgrodeitgh jy snivg nij`r. Nis Aisisbih sgge i p`punitd`e `c `vgr i odnnd`e Xide` rghuaghde iogrg tbdrty ygirst` ngss tbie tge tb`usieh. Bg wis wr`ef t`

9 Icrdai, Icrdai ds `ur o`tbgr Icrdai, Icrdai, ds `ur citbgr

Icrdai dts y`u wb` irg kdef. . . .: Bdspied`ni ds tbg eiog Abrdst`pbgr A`n`ojus fivg tbg dsnieh wbge bg niehghde wbit ds e`w tbg Jiy `c Qidet-Eda`nis de 984:. Xbg debijdtiets ainngh dt Iydtd,o`uetide`us nieh. [Xriesnit`rs e`tg._1 Ie Dehdie trdjg (cr`o Iogrdai), debijdtiets `c tbg dsnieh `c Iydtd jgc`rg tbg a`n`-edin pgrd`h, inn jut hgadoitgh jy tbg Qpiedirhs.

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b`pg tbit tbg sujstdtutd`e `c Icrdaies c`r Dehdies odfbt sivg tbgrgoeiet `c tbg nittgr, wb` ictgr inn hdh e`t survdvg. Jut bds hdsip-p`detgh b`pg bgnpgh ture tbg trdakng c Icrdaie snivgs t`wirh tbg

Egw V rnh det` i ``h.X`hiys Bidtd, tbg wgstgre tbdrh `c tbg dsnieh `c Bdspie-d`ni, wis aghgh jy Qpide t` Crieag de tbg Xrgity `c Zyswdak de9346. Crgeab Qidet H`odefug, is tbg a`n`ey wis ke`we, s``ejgaiog tbg o`st dop`rtiet pr`huagr `c sufir ieh a`ccgg de tbgwb`ng Vgstgre BgodspbgrgCrieags rdabgst `vgrsgis p`ssgs-sd`e jy cir. Xbg wgintb wis argitgh jy Icrdaie snivgs; wbge tbgCrgeab Zgv`nutd`e gruptgh de 9624, tbgy euojgrgh ij`ut binci odnnd`e. Xbg a`ehdtd`es `c snivgry de Qidet H`odefug wgrggxtri`rhdeirdny birsbsnivgs wb` wgrg e`t ndtgrinny w`rkgh t`hgitb wgrg deandegh t` a`oodt sudadhgt` tbg p`det tbit tbgsnivg p`punitd`e aiog e`wbgrg egir rgpr`huadef dtsgnc. Jgtwgge9628 ieh 964= s`ogtw` buehrgh ieh twgety tb`usieh snivgs wgrgdop`rtgh t` tbg a`n`eyogrgny t` oidetide i stijng w`rkc`rag.De 9649, wbge tbg Bidtdie Zgv`nutd`e jr`kg `ut, tw`-tbdrhs `cQidet H`odefugs snivgs bih de ciat jgge j`re de Icrdai.

O`st wgrg sbdppgh cr`o tbg Vgst Icrdaie a`ist, `ut `c tbgkdefh`os `c Jgede ieh Hib`ogy. Xbgy aiog cr`o oiey hdc-cgrget aunturgs ieh trdjgs< Qgegfingsg, T n`c, Jiojiri, Oiehdef`,Irihi, Dj , Eif` ieh K`ef`t` ogetd`e `eny i cgw. Xbg nie-fuifgs `c tbgsg hdccgrget fr`ups wgrg c`r tbg o`st pirt outuinnyuedetgnndfdjng. Xbgdr rgndfd`es, tb`ufb hdccgrget de hgtidn, sbirgha`oo`e cuehiogetins. Xbg wbdtg nieh- ieh snivg-`wegrs, `ut-

euojgrgh jy tbgdr abittgn jy i ciat`r `c twgnvg t` `eg, oihgs`og gcc`rt t` luojng snivgs cr`o hdccgrget trdjgs, t` oikg dto`rg hdc aunt c`r tbgo t` wbdspgr io`ef tbgosgnvgs `r pn`tifidest tbgdr oistgrs. It tbg siog tdog, s`og ogies `c a`oou-edaitdef wdtb inn tbg snivgs wis egagssiry. Xbg ndefui crieai c tbga`n`ey wis i pit`ds hgsardjgh jy i twgetdgtb-agetury oieuin iswbit `eg w`unh gxpgat t` gv`nvg cr`o rgqudrdef binc i odnnd`eIcrdaies t` ngire Crgeab jy ndstgedef t` dt jut wdtb`ut jgdef t`nhiey `c tbg rungs.

De tbg`ry, tbg Crgeab a`n`edsts wgrg ogiet t` jrdef tbgdrsnivgs det` tbg c`nh `c tbg Aitb`nda Aburab, jut de ciat tbg gvie-fgndain pr`frio wis cidrny wgik, gspgadinny ictgr tbg Lgsudt `rhgr

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wis gxpgnngh cr`o Qidet H`odefug `e suspdad`e `c gxagssdvgsyopitby c`r tbg snivgs. Xbg snivgs hdh bivg s`og gxp`surg t`Aitb`ndadso, b`wgvgr, ieh dea`rp`ritgh oiey ispgats c tbg aunt

`c tbg sidets det` tbgdr `we jgndgcs ieh priatdagswbdab wgrgpr`bdjdtgh o`rg de tbg`ry tbie de ciat. Qnivgb`nhgrs t`ngritghfitbgrdefs `c snivgs c`r tbg purp`sg `c hruoodef, sdefdef iehhieadeftbgsg Aingehi , is tbgy wgrg ainngh, wgrg sgge is usgcunt` rgngisg tgesd`es tbit odfbt tbgrwdsg jg gxprgssgh de tbg snivgrgjgnnd`e tbit inn tbg wbdtg a`n`edsts qudtg rgis`eijny cgirgh.Xbgsg issgojndgs wgrg `c adinny uehgrst``h is getdrgny sgaunira`uetry hieags, tb`ufb a`etgop`riry hgsardptd`es jy wbdtgsrgvgin tbit it ngist s`og `c tbg a`n`edsts kegw vgry wgnn tbit tbgybih i rgndfd`us hdogesd`e.

@e Iufust 98, 9649, i sgargt fitbgrdef (sgargt cr`o tbgwbdtgs) t``k pniag de i c`rgst ainngh J`ds Aioie8 `e tbg j`rhgr`c tbg ]nideg hu E`rh, Qidet H`odefugs rdabgst sufir-pr`hua-def rgfd`e. Xbg wrdttge bdst`rdain rga`rh (sgt h`we, c a`ursg jyGur`pgies) gstijndsbgs tbit it tbds oggtdef i fgegrin desurrgatd`e`c tbg snivgs wis pnieeghwb`sg `utjrgik, tbg rst gxpn`sd`e`c tbg Zgv`nutd`e tbit tge ygirs nitgr w`unh oikg Bidtd de-hgpgehget, rghuagh tbg pnietitd`es `c tbg ]nideg hu E`rh t`isbgs wdtbde tbg rst cgw hiys. Xbg Bidtdie `rin trihdtd`e b`nhs,wdtb gquin dc e`t supgrd`r a`evdatd`e, tbit tbg agetgrpdgag c tbgoggtdef it J`ds Aioie wis i frgit S`h`u agrgo`ey de wbdabtbg getdrg pietbg`e `c doo`rtin spdrdts wis ainngh t` issdst iehdespdrg tbg Zgv`nutd`e.

Wehgrstiehdef `c tbg oggtdef it J`ds Aioie tgehs t`spndt `e i sbirp riadin ieh aunturin ciunt ndeg. C`r Gur`pgiesieh tbgdr hgsagehiets, tbg o`st sdfed aiet tbdef ij`ut dt ds tbghdij`ndain pn`t t` rizg tbg pnietitd`es ieh oissiarg tbg wbdtgp`punitd`ede dts getdrgty dc p`ssdjngi pn`t sgingh jy i jn``hsiard ag ieh pgrbips ijgttgh jy iatuin hgvdns suoo`egh t` tbgsageg jy tbg p`wgrs `c Icrdaie s`ragry. C`r Bidtdies, b`wgvgrtbg sniufbtgr `c tbgjnieas (wb`o tbg snivgs bih soinn rgis`e t`rgfirh is buoie jgdefs ndkg tbgosgnvgs) ds i rgnitdvgny desdfed -

8 Hurdef tbg agrgo`ey it J`ds Aioie `e tbg edfbt `c Iufust 98, 9249, tbg ainnt` tbg struffng c`r ndjgrty wis fdvge jy J`ukoie Hutty, tbg abdgc `c tbg rgjgns.

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aiet jypr`huat `c tbg gvget, wb`sg rgin purp`sg wis t` argitg iBidtdie eitd`ein dhgetdty, a`opngtg e`t `eny wdtb i sbirgh rgv`-nutd`eiry purp`sg jut ins` wdtb i a`oo`e niefuifgBidtdie

Krgynieh i a`oo`e rgndfd`eS`h`u. De bdst`rdain rgindtytbg gv`nutd`e `c Krgyn cr`o tbg a`etiat `c euogr`us Icrdaieniefuifgs wdtb Crgeab ieh tbg a`ingsageag c S h`u cr`o vird-`us Icrdaie rgndfd`es wdtb i a`oo`e gxp`surg t` Aitb`ndadsooust bivg tikge i frgit hgin n`efgr t` bippge, jut (ndkg tbgArgitd`e st`ry cr`o Fgegsds) tbg ngfgeh `c J`ds Aioieoikgs dt bippge de `eg destietieg`us isb `c ie ge`ro`us spdrdtuinp`wgr. Fdvge tbg oissiargs tbit wgrg pirt `c tbg dooghditgpriatdain rgsunt, dts uehgrstiehijng tbitjnieas sb`unh eh tbdsst`ry crdfbtgedefjut t` Bidtdies, wbit dt o`st rgsgojngs ds tbgQgro`e `e tbg O`uet.

Xbg Icrdaie snivgs `c Qidet H`odefug debijdtgh i w`rnh `chgitb. C`r o`st, tbg ieagstrin rgndfd`e wis de ciat i systgo `c ie-agst`r w`rsbdp. Oiey hdccgrget Icrdaie rgndfd`es sbirg tbg jgndgctbit tbg s`uns `c tbg hgih, destgih `c hgpirtdef t` i cir hdstietBgivge `r Bgnn, is de tbg Abrdstdie trihdtd`e, irg triesnitgh det` ipirinngn uedvgrsg qudtg an`sg t` `ur `wean`sg ge`ufb t` t`uab,tb`ufb e`roinny wg aiee`t sgg dt. Xbgsg irg Ngs Devdsdjngs, NgsO`rts gt Ngs Oystrgs, wb` ydgnh tbg dehdvdhuin dhgetdtdgs tbgy`wegh wbge dea`rp`ritgh det` buoie j`hdgs, ieh p``n det` ivist rgsgrv`dr `c spdrdtuin gegrfy, rgodedsaget `c tbg Gogrs`edie@vgr-s`un.7 Xbds pirinngn uedvgrsg ds t` jg c`ueh e tbg hirk sdhg

`c iey odrr`r, `r jgegitb tbg surciag `c iey p``n, ieh gspgadinnyjgn`w tbg surciag `c tbg `agie, wbgrg wg oust ehFdege iejihn Icrdai jgegitb tbg witgrs. Vbge snivgs sidh tbit jy hr`we-def tbgosgnvgs de tbg `agie tbgy w`unh rgture t` Icrdai, tbds dswbit tbgy ogiet.

Xbg jrutindty `c tbg snivg trihg, tbg b`rr`rs `c tbg Odh-hng ]issifg, ieh tbg b`rrgeh`us a`ehdtd`es `c snivgry de QidetH`odefug trgogeh`usny iaagngritgh tbg pissifg `c s`uns cr`otbg w`rnh `c tbg ndvdef t` tbg Dsnieh Jgn`w Qgi. Ie gstdoitg7 Zinpb Vinh` Gogrs`e (92=1922:) hg egh tbg e`td`e `c tbg@vgr-s`un < Xbituedty, tbit @vgr-s`un, wdtbde wbdab gvgry oies pirtdaunir jgdef ds a`etidegh iehoihg `eg wdtb inn `tbgrs. . . . Odeh ds tbg `eny rgindty. [Xriesnit`rs e`tg._

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`c twgety- vg tb`usieh hgitbs pgr ygir w`unh jg a`esgrvitdvg;tbus, jy tbg tdog tbg agrgo`ey it J`ds Aioie t``k pniag, itngist tw` ieh i bincodnnd`e Icrdaie s`uns oust bivg pissgh jg-

egitb tbg witgrs. E` w`ehgr tbg gruptd`e wis v`naieda wbgedt aiog.Xbg priatdag `c Bidtdie S h`u dev`nvgs pgegtritdef tbg jir-

rdgr jgtwgge tbg vdsdjng ieh tbg devdsdjng w`rnhs, `pgedef pis-sifgs, fitgwiys ieh ar`ssr`ihs. Xbg Krgyn w`rh c`r ar`ssr`ihs dskinc`u. Quabkinc`u oiy jg c`ueh de oiey pniags ieh rgprgsgetghde oiey wiys, ieh tbgy bivg i sndfbt euode`sdty wbgrgvgr tbgyoiy jg c`ueh. O`st vv tbg gnij`ritg hgsdfes hriwe `e tbgfr`ueh is oips t` fudhg tbg spdrdts wbgrg t` a`ogdea`rp`-ritg tbg doifg c tbg ar`ssr`ihs, gspgadinny tbgvv spgadindzgh c`rIttdj`e Ngfji `r Oit Kinc`u. Xbg siog doifg `c detgrsgatd`eaie jg sgge de tbg ar`ssjir `c i sw`rh bdnt ieh ds gisy ge`ufb t`pgragdvg de iey virditd`e `c tbg Abrdstdie ar`ss. Oitgrdin oggt-defs `c tbg wiys, r`ihs `r strggts `r o`uetide pitbwiys irg iptt` airry tbg siog spdrdtuin abirfg, ieh irg ctge sgge is p`wgrcunn`aitd`es c`r tbg pniagoget `c abiros. Dt ds wgnn t` rgogojgrtbit Bdspied`ni ds eg c tbg o`st dop`rtiet bdst`rdain ar`ssr`ihsde tbg getdrg Vgstgre w`rnhtbgkinc`u wbgrg Iogrdaie Dehd-ies, Gur`pgies ieh Icrdaies aiog t`fgtbgr c`r tbg rst tdog. @ut`c tbg gry vd`ngeag `c tbit oggtdef, i egw rgndfd`e wis c`rfgh.

I c`roinny `rfiedzgh S`h`u pgrdstyng wdnn usuinny grgat i p`t` odtie p`st de tbg odhhng. Xbg p`t` odtie argitgs ikinc`u wbgrg dt getgrs tbg fr`uehdopnydef tbg n`wgr binc c tbg ar`ss

pittgre devdsdjng jgegitb tbg surciag `c tbg girtb, is tbg gxtge-sd`e `c i trggs r``ts ds gquin, syoogtrdain t` tbit `c dts jrieabgs.@ctge ge`ufb i trgg oiy cun nn tbg cueatd`e `c i p`t` odtie ,it tbg siog tdog tbit dt sgrvgs is irgp`swi, `r rgstdef pniag c`rspdrdts. @r, prdgst `r priatdtd`egr oiy sdopny stdak tbg p`det `ci jnihg det` tbg fr`ueh, argitdef ikinc`u doifg tbit strgssgs tbgpdgradef `c tbg ogojrieg jgtwgge tbg devdsdjng ieh oitgrdinw`rnhs. Xbg doifg `c i sw`rh s` pniagh ds pirt `c tbg o`st a`o-o`e vv c`r Ittdj`e Ngfji.

Ngfji bis p`dets `c sdodnirdty wdtb tbg Frggk Bgrogs; ndkgBgrogs bg oiy eh i rgp`swi de aidres `c st`eg, ieh bds iatd`esrgsgojng Bgrogss ogssifg-jgirdef triesdts jgtwgge tbg hdccgr-

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get spbgrgs `c f`hs ieh o`rtins. Bidtdie S`h`udsiets dhgetdcyNgfji wdtb Qidet ]gtgr, tbg fuirhdie `c tbg fitgs t` ]irihdsg,ieh pirtdaunirny wdtb Aitb`nda da`es de wbdab Qidet ]gtgr hds-

pniys i kgy. Ngfji oust jg dev`kgh rst de inn agrgo`edgs, c`rbg ds tbg spdrdt wdtb tbg p`wgr t` `pge tbg fitg, tbg h``r, tbgar`ssr`ihs jgtwgge `ur w`rnh iehFdege ieji hn` ; `eny wdtbNgfjis pgrodssd`e ieh jngssdef aie tbgnwi3 c`ro tbgosgnvgs`ut `c tbg frgit wgnn `c Ngs Devdsdjngs, Ngs O`rts gt Ngs Oys-trgs, ieh surfg up tbg abieegn `c tbg p`t` odtie t` getgr tbgw`rnh `c tbg ndvdef.

Ngfji, tbge, wrdtgs Oiyi Hgrge deXbg Hdvdeg B`rsgoge,ds fuirhdie `c tbg siargh fitgwiy, `c tbgFrieh Abgode , tbgfrgit r`ih ngihdef cr`o tbg o`rtin t` tbg hdvdeg w`rnh. Dt ds bgwb` friets a`etiat wdtb tbg n`i, ieh bg wb` oust rst jg si-nutgh dc tbds ds t` jg iabdgvgh. ]ipi Ngfji, pge tbg fitg, Ittdj`eNgfji, `pge tbg fitgs tbit wg oiy piss tbr`ufb, ]ipi; wbge Dbivg pissgh, D wdnn tbiek tbg n`i6.

Hgrge f`gs et` gxpnide tbit tbg Frieh Abgode, is ie do-ifg `c tbg r`ih `c i pgrs`es ndcg, c`nn`ws tbg agngstdin ira `c tbgsues pitb, ieh tbg pgrs`e winkdef tbit r`ih geiats tbg stifgs `ctbg cio`us rdhhng `c tbg Qpbdex, rst ariwndef `e inn c`urs is iedeciet, tbge strdhdef `e tw` cggt is ie ihunt, ieh einny de `nh ifgst``pdef t` tbg p`det `c ih`ptdef i aieg is i tbdrh ngf. Ngfji dso`st `ctge sgge de tbg nist a`ehdtd`e, ndopdef wdtb bds sticc iehwgdfbgh h`we jy i jdf striw siak, wbdng S h`udsiets gea`urifgbdo wdtb s`ef< Xry t` wink e`w, Ingfji; Vg wdnn airry Ittdj`e

Ngfji< Vg wdnn airry bds ]`tgiu odtie. . . . Vbge wgrg tdrgh wgnnsgt dt h`we. Xbds p`st wg airry `e `ur jiak.2C`nn`wdef tbds suesgt aurvg t`wirh tbg b`rdz`e, Hgrge

f`gs `e< Dt ds is dc de a`odef wgstwirhs, tbg Icrdaies bih ngctjgbdeh tbg o`redef ieh e``e `c tbgdr `we hgstdey, tbg pr`odsgieh p`wgr `c tbgdr `we bdst`ry. Xbg F`h `c tbg Ar`ss-r`ihsbdosgnc ippr`iabgs tbg Ar`ss-r`ihs, ieh inrgihy de tbg hirk odr-

3 De fgegrin, tbg nwi ds i hdvdedzgh ieagst`r hriwdef dts p`wgr cr`o dts girtbny ndcg.Xbg nwi ds i ciodny issgt. Dt ds ie gendfbtgegh spdrdtuin jgdef.6 Oiyi Hgrge, Xbg Hdvdeg B`rsgoge. Egw T`rk< Abgnsgi B`usg ]ujndsbgrs, 946=,42.2 Djdh., 44.

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r`r `c tbg egtbgr rgfd`es ippgir tbg rst hdo `utndegs `c bdsdevgrtgh rg gatd`e, is tbg sue sgttdef det` hirk witgrs, odfbttbgrg ippgir is i egw hirkny rdsdef o``e. Inrgihy Ngfji, wb`

ds tbg trgg strgtabdef skywirhs, ins` airrdgs tbg eiog Frieh J`ds,oistgr `c tbg dsnieh jgn`w tbg witgrs, `c dts sujogrfgh c`rgsts.Inrgihy bds `oedsadgeag, wbdab wis tbg rgsunt `c bds agetrin,suprgog p`sdtd`e de tbg agetgr, cr`o wbdab inn a`unh jg sgge,jga`ogs tbg `oedsadgeag `c `eg wb`, jgdef jgn`w girtb, ds `cinn pirts `c dt. Inrgihy bg ds ndekgh t` Airrgc`ur,4 wb`sg `tbgrbieh b`nhs rony tbit `c Fbghg, N`rh `c tbg Wehgrw`rnh, F`h`c tbg Hgih.9=

Hgrges hgsardptd`e aipturgs b`w, de tbg S h`udsiet oistgrvdsd`e, tbg w`rnh wg e`roinny aiet sgg (tbg pirinngn uedvgrsg, deOdogr`sg Jgiujrues tgro) tgehs t` jg i syoogtrdain rg gatd`e`c tbg w`rnh tbit `ur j`hdgs ndvg de ieh tbit `ur sgesgs pgragdvg.Xbg pissifg ins` sb`ws b`w tbg spdrdts irg outijng ritbgr tbie

xgh; destgih c rgoidedef rdfdhny sgpiritg, tbgy tgeh t` `w egdet` ie`tbgr is tbgy rdsg `ut `c `r hride jiak det` tbg frgit nikg`c Q`un cr`o wbdab tbgy wgrg c`rogh. O`st spdrdts bivg o`rgtbie `eg ispgat, ieh oiey bivg sgvgrin. Gvge tbg jgeg aget It-tdj`e Ngfji bis bds devgrtgh rg gatd`e `e tbg hirk sdhg `c tbgodrr`r< Oit Kinc`u, p`tgetdinny ouab o`rg hgagptdvg, sdedstgrieh hiefgr`us. @f`u Cgriy ds tbg wirndkg ispgat `c inwi iein`-f`us t` tbg Frggk Irgsi spdrdt `c dr`e, jn``h ieh rgjut bgbis euogr`us `tbgr ngss oirtdin ispgats, ndkg @f`u Jingehl`, tbgcrdgeh ieh pr`tgat`r `c trivgngrs. Grzundg, de `eg rgspgat i S h`u

Ipbr`hdtg, oiy ippgir is Grzundg Crhi, i a`opissd`eitg ippird-td`e, rgprgsgetgh jy tbg Aitb`nda da`e `c @ur Nihy `c Q`rr`ws,bgr bgirt nidh `pge jy i sw`rh. Jut de bgr lgin`usy ieh rifg sbgoiedcgsts is Grzundg L Z`ul, tbg Zgh-Gygh Grzundgieh tbgrgds ins` Grzundg Hietr, iss`aditgh wdtb wir, rgv`nutd`e, ieh tbgsiard ag `c i jniak pdf it J`ds Aioie.

@eg ehs de tbg pie`pny `c Bidtdie S h`u spdrdts tbg siogwdhg riefg ieh sdodnir uedvgrsin pgrs`eindtdgs is irg c`ueh de ieyp`nytbgdstda pietbg`e`r, dc `eg prgcgrs tbg o`hgn `c hgptb

4 O`rg a`oo`eny, Oit Kinc`u9= Hgrge, `p. adt., 9==.

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psyab`n`fy, de tbg irabgtypgs `c tbg a`nngatdvg uea`esad`us (tbgnittgr pbrisg w`rks is i sgaunir sye`eyo c`rFdege ieji hn` ). IsZ`oie Aitb`ndas p`sdtd`e F`h tbg Citbgr, tbg Q`e, ieh tbg

B`ny Fb`st wgnn ij`vg tbg bdgriraby `c Aitb`nda sidets, s` S`-h`udsiets pniag F`h tbg Argit`rJ`ehyg, J`e Hdgu `r FrieOt Kd Jiy Nivd (Frgit Oistgr Vb` Fdvgs Ndcg) ij`vg tbgdrdehdvdhuitgh spdrdtswb`sg rgnitd`esbdp wdtb tbgdrsgrvdtgurs, `rbuoie sgrviets, tgehs t` jg o`rg hdrgat ieh o`rg pgrs`ein. Xbgrgnitd`esbdp oiy ins` jg h`ujng-ghfgh.

De tbg e`rtb `c Bidtd, gspgadinny, S`h`udsiets tgeh t` hds-tdefudsb jgtwggenwi ieh ziel . Xbg c`rogr irg spdrdts o`rg iptt` jg ainngh up`e t` pr`vdhg oitgrdin issdstieag t` tbg pg`pngwb` h` tbg ainndef< o`egy, p`wgr, suaagssgs de n`vg `r de wir`r rgvgefg. Xbg o`rg sdedstgr ispgats `c tbgnwi irg o`rg ndkgnyt` tikg pirt de suab iccidrs; dc `eg wiets t` sgttng ie dssug `c

lgin`usy, eg wdnn o`rg pr`jijny sggk Grzundg L Z`ul c`r bgnp,e`t Grzundg Crhi. Xbgsg triesiatd`es h` tgeh t` dev`nvg birot` `tbgrs, ie gxgradsg `c c`rag ieh a`estridet `e tbg issdstdefnwi,ieh i rgsgojnieag t` hgins wdtb tbg Hgvdn is tbgy ippgir de tbg

Luhg`-Abrdstdie trihdtd`e.Jy a`etrist ziel , `r iefgns, irg o`rg ndkgny t` oiedcgst

tbgosgnvgs sp`etieg`usny, `r de rgsp`esg t` priygr ieh s`efdergsp`esg t` ie gcc`rt e tbg pirt c jgndgvgrs t` purdcy tbgdr j`hyieh jride is i tgopng c`r tbgziel de qugstd`e. Xbg ippgirieag`c ziel ds despdritd`e de dts purgst ieh o`st jgeg aget c`ro.Xb`sg wb` a`urt rgnitd`es wdtbziel irg o`rg ndkgny t` jg sggk-

def spdrdtuin jgttgroget tbie curtbgrdef pgrs`ein ieh oitgrdiniojdtd`es. De tbds ito`spbgrg, tbg bdfbgst vinugs irg vgry sdodnirt` tb`sg `c abirdsoitda Abrdstdiedty< egiregss t` hdvdedty, hgtiab-oget cr`o tbg oitgrdin w`rnh ieh tbg pissd`es dt gefgehgrs detbg dehdvdhuin, ie ijr`fitd`e `c tbg dehdvdhuin sgnc de civ`r `cuedtdef wdtb i bdfbgr p`wgr, ieh i oystdain sgesg `c ued`e wdtbtbg a`oouedty c cgnn`w priatdtd`egrs, wbdab ued`e ds oghditghjy tbg prgsdhdefziel . Xbds uesgn sb wiy `c sgrvdef tbg spdrdts dsusuinny ainngh Fdege.

De tbg sgodein s`ef Kinc`u Hielgrg, tbgodsdk risde fr`upJ`ukoie Gkspgryies puts tbgsg tw` hdccgrget wiys `c sgrvdeftbg spdrdts det` hdiogtrdain `pp`sdtd`e wdtb tbg grag rgcride,

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Xuy, e`u pi tuy Xuy, e`u pi tuy,e`eXuy, e`u pi tuy

Fdege pi Jdzief`! 99

De iatuin priatdag, tbg sgpiritd`e ds sgnh`o qudtg s` ijs`-nutg. Dt ds vgry a`oo`e c`r ib`uoc (S`h`u tgopng) t` priatdagFdege wb`ngbgirtghny it tbg siog tdog tbit dt birj`rs i Jdzief`sgargt s`adgty. Xbg irriefgoget oiy jg gxprgssgh jy tbg oide-tgeieag `c i sgpiritgkiy odst (abiojgr `c oystgrdgs) c`r giabpriatdag. O`rg`vgr, o`st b`uefie s ieh oioj`s (S`h`u prdgstsieh prdgstgssgs) irg uehgrst``h t` w`rk wdtb j`tb biehstbgjgeg aget rdfbt bieh ds ippndgh t` f``h w`rks de tbg spdrdt `cFdege, wbdng tbg sdedstgr ngct bieh w`rks t` geijng tbg o`rg aun-pijng buoie hgsdrgs< nust, ivirdag, gevy ieh writb. Zdfbt-biehghiatd`es de S`h`u irg usuinny ij`ut purd aitd`e ieh bgindef pbysdain, psyab`n`fdain ieh spdrdtuinieh dev`nvg tbg pirtik-def `c fdcts crggny fdvge, de tbg oieegr `c a`ooued`e de tbgAbrdstdie aburab. Xbg ngct bieh, wbge dt ds e`t `vgrtny vd`nget,stdnn usgs c`rag is dt oiy jg gxprgssgh ieh goj`hdgh de tbg dr`e`c abides ieh tbg f`nh `c a`des.

I pwge, de tbg S`h`udsiet ngxda`e, ds i p`det `c spdrdtuinp`wgr, wbdab oiy jg usgh t` h` oifdain w`rk de tbg oitg-rdin w`rnh. I pwge ds i p`det de tbg spdrdtuin w`rnh wbgrg spdrdtgegrfy bis xgh dtsgnc, `r jgge xgh, de i oitgrdin `jlgat< i lir,i j`ttng, i st`eg, i airvdef, `r gvge i juehng `c an`tb.B`uefie

jinieagh o`rg t`wirh tbg ngct irg ainnghjkr tbgy irg ipt t`tric a de pwge iabt , r j`ufbt p`dets. Xbg spdrdt aiufbt de i pwge iabt rgsgojngs tbg fgedg sbut up de tbg nioptbg `wegr `c tbg`jlgat aie a`opgn tbg spdrdt t` h` w`rk, ieh s` tbg spdrdt ds jgstuehgrst``h is bivdef jgge aipturgh ieh s`nh det` snivgry. Xbdssdtuitd`e ds gxprgssgh jy tbg abides `r r`pgs `r a`rh `r tbrgihtbit irg usgh t` tdg up ieh jdeh tbg typdain pwge iabt . Qdeag tbg

99 Kdnn, wg h`et kdnnKdnn, wg h`et kdnn, e`Kdnn, wg h`et kdnnFdege ds e`t Jdzief`!Jdzief` hge`tgs i S h`u sgat, i kdeh `c sgargt s`adgty. Dt ds ins` i stitg `c jgdef.

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spdrdts trippgh de tbgo nij`r uehgr hurgss ieh rgsgetoget, pwge iabt irg e`t`rd`us c`r turedef `e tbgdr purabisgrs.

It tbg rdfbt-biehgh, Fdege geh `c tbds spdrdtuin spgatruo,

priatdtd`egrs oiy bivg tbg usg `c pwge crggny. Xbgsg pwge irgs`ogtdogs ainngh pwge bgrdty debgrdtgh is `pp`sgh t` pur-abisgh p`detstbgy oiy deanuhg py t`ee , tbg tbuehgrst`egswbdab a`og h`we t` t`hiys Bidtdies cr`o tbg gxtdefudsbghIriwik 9: Dehdies, `r tbgaieird lirs de wbdab ie ispgat `c ieieagst`rs s`un bis jgge prgsgrvgh ieh pr`tgatgh. ]`wgrs tbit iFdege priatdtd`egr oiy hgpn`y tbr`ufb tbg c`aus `c suab pwge a`og crggny `ut `c tbg f``hwdnn `c tbg spdrdt wbdab gxgradsgsdtsgnc tbr`ufb tbg pwge.

\`ojd aitd`e ds tbg untdoitg gxprgssd`e `c tbg dhgi `c gesnivg-oget dopndadt de tbg pwge iabt . Ndkg s` oiey gngogets `c Bid-tdie aunturg, z`ojd aitd`e tures `ut t` jg j`tb ogtipb`rdainieh ndtgrin it `eg ieh tbg siog tdog. C`r hgaihgs, dc e`t age-turdgs, `jsgrvgrs issuogh tbit tbg ngfgeh `c hgih j`hdgs jgdefpbysdainny rgsusadtitgh ieh c`ragh, wbdng hgprdvgh `c tbgdr s`unsieh tbgdr a`esad`usegss, t` nij`r, wis e` o`rg tbie oytb`n`fd-ain. Xbg ripp`rt `c tbds ogtipb`r wdtb Bidtdie bdst`ry wis ip-pirget< Xbgz`ojd , wb`sg wdnn ieh dhgetdty bivg jgge hgstr`yght` c`rag bdo t` w`rk c`r ie`tbgrs purp`sg, jgirs i vgry an`sgrgsgojnieag t` ie 92tb-agetury pnietitd`e snivg, dc e`t t` itwgety- rst-agetury aieg auttgr nij`rdef c`r priatdainny e`tb-def de aieg gnhs iar`ss tbg H`odedaie j`rhgr. Jut de tbg

942=s, tbg gtbe`jd`n`fdst Vihg Hivds91 hdsa`vgrgh tbit wbitwis s` gccgatdvg ogtipb`rdainny ins` hdh gxdst is ie iatuin ciat