TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGEPAG-

ECover

Pas-

sover

PAGE-

Cove

Age-

ncies

PAG-

ECover

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soverCoverCover page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0. a . . . . . . . . . . ( UnpagedUnpage, d)

Table of contentscontents.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii-

Bibliotraphy

i-

Bib

i-

mbibe

i-

iiBibliotraphyBibliographyBibB ib11 iiorraphybiography0 e-rer- a p hy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iiii-

Marginal

im-

aginable

iii-

iiii-

Marginal

M-

arginalMarginal abbreviations used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii1i1iiiIN-

TRODUCTION

1i1-

I

1i1T-

TRODUCTICN

ii ii-

INTRODUCTION

I-

NTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION\TTRODUCTICNTTRODUCTICNTRADUCINGI \ ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-

TOPOGRAPHY

1-

T

1-

TOPOGRAPHYTOPOGRAPHYT OPOOP GRAPHYGRAPH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-

3D

1-

3D3D3 D DIVISIOND I'lIl' I S I a l SITUATION-JULYSITUATIONJULY8 IT U A T ION- t.TULtTULtitular. Y 21 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22-

3D

2-

3D3D3 D DIVISIONDDIVIDIVI V I ::;' IeICNINCN CROSSESC R0 S BE S MARNEARNE11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33-

7TH

3-

7TH

3-

7TH7TH INFANTRYI ! FA1 TRY ADVANCESAD11ANCES NORTH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33-

3D

3-

3D

3-

3D3D BATTALION TAKES UP ASSAULT-JULYASSAULTJULY- 23 .* . . . .* . . . . . . . . . . . . 33-

ADVANCE

3-

ADV

3-

AADVANCEADVA D VAACE:: C E THROUGHTHRTHORT HP.HP. QUGHOU3UGHOU -33-! THE FORETFOREFLORETETT DSDE FEREERE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44-

ADVANCE

4-

ADVANCE

4-

ADVANCEADVANCE ON LE CHARJELCRAR.1.'ELCRAR1.ELCRAR1ELCHARECHAR::. .EL'

CHATEAUOHATEAU - JULY 2525-

ATTACK

. . . . '" . . . . . . . , . . . . .,q..w. , . , w.... " ... , . ., ,' S . -.. . .. -'." . .... .. ..... ... .. .. .. ..

ATTACK ON L5L1iL : CJHARMELCHARMELG'HARMELGHARMELCHARNELCARMELGAMELY%' CHATEAUCHAT AU - JULY 26 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77-

CCVJAT

7-

COi..M.i

7-

COiMi

7-

00.i.JT

7-

00iJTCCVJA-/TCCVJATCOi..M.iCOiMiCoin00.i.JT00i.JT00iJT. .,':. . -.,

.,/, T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88-

LESSONS

8-

LESSONSLESSONSL E S SON S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., 99-

CONCLUSION

9-

CONCONCLUSIONCON 0 L US ION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1010-

MAPS

10-

MAPS

10-

MAPSMAPSMAPS-

Map

Mia-

sma

MAPS-

Map

Mia-

sma

MAPS-

Map

Mia-

smaMap No 1I--TerrainITerrain1--Terrain1-- Terrain north ofo f Mont St.StSt . PerePerez . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1111-

Map

11-

Map

11-

MapMap No 22--Marne2MarneArne--Maine river from ChierryCh1erryCherry to Mont St.St. PerePerez?ere . . . 1212-

Map

12-

MaP

12-

MapMap No 33--Route3Route3-Route---Route of advance July 23-272327- .0000000000. . . . . . 64. ., too. . . 000. . . .* 00. . 1313.r-

.

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;, ' , ' ,. " , '" . .

THE LJFAKTRYFANTRYI9FAIVTTRYOLFACTORYGANTRYI CHOOL2CHOOLSCHOOLCOOL2CHOOL-FORT

SCHOOL-FORT

SCHO-OL

? CHOOL-FORT

COMF-ORTFORT BENNDTGBENNINGBENDBANNINGBENNBEN IMMGMMHG , GEORGIAORGIACORGIGEORGIA-

ADVANCED

GEO-

RGIA

GGEORGIA-

ADVANCED

GEO-

RGIA

ORGIA-

ADVANCEDADVANCED COURSE1932-19331932193319321933Ift-

we'0

19321933Ift-

we0

-

._ . , . Iftwe'0Iftwe0__' % ', ._- la-la- .-.. . . " ' / _

"_

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twMILITARY

t-

wilitI.Ib/ . . .... ... r,.. , ' ', ..rl.rl..... ww-

M

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MILITARYMILM I L I TART A R Y HISTORYHISTORYCO-

MPANY

HISTO-

RY

HISH I S TORTHORT O R YY-

COMPANY

C-

OMPANY

Y-

COMPANY

C-

OMPANYCOMPANY "I"I" " SEVENTH U.S.USU.U. S.S. INFANTRYINFANTRY-

IN

INFANTR-

YIN THE AISNE-MARNfiAISNEMARNfiAISNE-MARN.EMARN.EAISNE-MARNEMARNEISSNMarinMARINEARNE- . OFFENSIVEOFFENSIV-

Epersonal

Offe-

nsive

OFFENOFFENDOFFENSIV-

Epersonal

Offe-

nsive

IVEI'VEIV-

Epersonal

V-

espers( personal ExperiencesExperienoes of a let1st Sergeant )

FREDtfRI/KFREDtfRIKFREDDRI'KFREDDRIKFredericFREDERICKFREDRIKFREDERICK; /;' : L.L. KNUDSEN , JRJR-

FirstJ-

uristJR-

FirstJ-

uristJR-

FirstJ-

uristFirst LieutenantInfantryLieutenantLieutenantILieutenant, I fantrygantry

'. . . . . . . . .

.

. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . ., . . . . . . . , . . . .

.. . . . _ .. '

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BIBLIOGRAPHYBIBLIO'GRAPHYBIBLIOGRAPH-

YHistory

Bibliogr-

aphy

BIBLIO'GRAPH-

YHistory

BIBLIOGRAPH-

YHistory

Bibliogr-

aphy

BIBLIOGRAPH-

YHistory

Bibliogr-

aphy

'

History of thethe-Third

tet-chier

the-Third

tet-chier

"HistoryHistory" of the Third DivisionDivision-United

Divi-sionDivision-

UnitedDivi-sionDivision-

ThirdDivis-ionThird DivisionDivision-

Dickman

Divi-

sion

United States Army in the 'VorldVorldWorld'Vorld-Y

Vorld-Y

Worldl-y

World-Wa.r"

World-War

Wo-rld

World'-VVar"

World-VVar

Wo-rld

'

YWa.r"War'VVar"VVarVA' ar"ar." , December 1 , 1917-January1917January1917-Jan"J.ary1917JanJ.aryJan"J.aryJanJary- "

.

1 , 1919.19191919-

.It

1919-

It

.

It is an account of the ooeratcooperateougrationsrogationsooeoboe ra.trat. ions ofof-

eachov-

erarchof-

ea.chov-

erarchof-

eachov-

erarcheachea.ch. unit of the division and has beenbeen-compiled

been-compiled

been-compiledcompiled from official reports andand-records

ind-ecorous

and-records

ind-ecorous

and-records

ind-ecorousrecords of the division and from datadata-furnished

data-furnished

data-furnishedfurnished by individuals oartDartcartart icipatcrispate inging.Kinging-.It

dig-

iting-

.Itdig-

it,.

It suDoliessuppliessullies aa.., source of complete andand-accurate

ad-equate

and-accurate

ad-equate

and-accurate

ad-equateaccurate information.informationinformation."-

The

information-

The

informat-ion

iafor:11atiafor11atinformation.-

Dickman

inform-ation

: ion.ionion.-

D

io-n

.

DickmanDickD 10 kmanman I, J.J. T.T. . "TheThe" Great Crusade"CrusadeCrusade"-

This

Crusade-

This

Crusa-de

Crusade"-

This

Crusade-

This

Crusa-de

Crusade"-

This

Crusade-

This

Crusa-de

"

This is aa.. narrative written by MajorMajor-General

Maj-orette

Major-General

Maj-orette

Major-General

Maj-oretteGeneral JosephJose h T.T. DickmanDick , who comcom-com-

mandedcom-

mandedcom-

manded¬-

mandedmended the 3d Division during the 2d2d-

Battle2d-

Battle2d-

BattleBattle ofo f the Marne.MarneArne. AlthoughAlthouAlthoughAl thoughh thethe-information

ten-derization

the-information

ten-derization

the-information

ten-derizationinformation contained in this work isi8is-quite

mi-

squotei8-

quiteis-

quitemi-

squotequite accurate it1 t is very general in1nin-

character.in-

carnate1n-

chara.c1n-

characin-

characterin-

carnatecharacter.charactercharacter-

.ii

charact-

er

chara.ccharaccharacid. te r.r.,

' . . " , . . . . . ; . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . .. .. ..., w,;. . . '1 . . . . . . ,. .. . . .. . . .. .;..

",

- .,

-.

.; .44.

'> 1. . ' ;. 'tt.' l' 0 ";V,

A. p:, w - ..,., .,

.

. ..

,.'-ii-ii-11-11- iiB-

IBLIO'GRAPHY

iiB-

IBLIOGRAPHY

ii-ii' - . .,

.. . . . . . .. . , ,". '" . "rr" ' " ' " . . . , ." ; . .

:. .. . .

I.I : fo :" ;" : : '

, . : . . . \....

-. '

.' ' . . .

. - .: . ... .. ........ . ... . __ _ u

;" , 1.1.

MARGIULMARGINALARGILMARGIMAGI AL ABBREVIATIONSABBRBR VIATIONSAVIATION USEDUSED-

3d

USED-

3d

}

3d Div.DivDlv.DlvDl. "HistoryHistory"HH" 1 B tory of0 f the ThirdTh 1 r d DivisionD ivisAvis 10nUnUnitedit e d StatesStatesA-rmy

Statu-aryStStatesA-

rmyStatu-ary

at e ss-

ArmyA-

rmyArmy in the orldWorld 7rar"7rarWar"WarFart'Fart", "' December 1 , 1917-19171917-

January1917-

January1917-

January-

January 1 , 1919.19191'319.1319.13191919.-

i

1919-

i

' .

i, .11,. . ti'\. ' . M.. 4A* " 4.4...- .ii'.. ' - . , . , '\.

.

:-:,, . :< . . 4.II. , .

,*. . t .:;. , \ ...

. ' :. '-:-.

' . " , . ' 1\11"j'\ -. '. . V"j'j"j'1" ' ;-, < k

':v\11\ '"'ii' ,: >

.

jcK.K.

. V3., '\".00*. . a'a.' .JJ.44'..> i'4i4&.' . *,. ' 110hh-

iii

..

-

,

-.

. .:.

"tt" :;.:

.; ' !,.

.

"

:" "k.k" .

" -: .'

f'ff-

'111

f-

111

'.

. ' . . ,, " - - ., .. - ,.-iii-iii-111-111- iiiM-

ARGI

111-

MARGINAL

-. , - . . . . . . . . . . . - - . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' . .

,.

. _ . . . ' '- " - " '- " - -' . . . . . . . " . . . . . . " -

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTINTRODUCEINTRODUCTION-

By

Introductio-

nIOlOIlIOl-

By

Oi-

lyBy July 21st , 1918 , the lestla.stlast. big German ofof-

fensive

of-ofof-

fensive

of-

fensive

¬-

fensivefestive directed toward Paris had been definitelydefinitely-

and

definitelyB-

.nddefinite-

lyandB.ndBndBand. completely crushed and all enemyellemyeliemyKelleylimy elements hadhad-

been

ha-

dean

had-

been

ha-

dean

had-

been

ha-

deanbeen withdrawn to the north of the MarneMa..rneArne. . River.RiverRiver.-

To

Riv-er

.

To the northwest a determined attack, toward SoissonsOrisonsSoissons-

by

Oriso-nsby the 20th French Corps had by July 21st penetratedpenetrated-

to

penetrate-

dto a depth of eleven kilometerskilometkilometer r6 and had seriouslyseriously-

menacedserio-

uslyseriously-

menacedserio-

uslyseriously-

menacedserio-

uslymenaced the entire supply system of the MarneArneMarn-

esalient

Adr-enalin

Marn-

esalient

Adr-enalin

Marn-

esalient

Adr-enalinsalient which had osas.SS. its base the railroad line concon-con-

necting

con-

necting

con-

necting

¬-

nectingnetting Chateau ThierryTheoryThieThief rryrr with SoissonsSoissons.OrisonsSo is sons.sons,. The situasituA.-situA.itua-ituasituritualsitua-

tion

situA.-

t

situat-

e

s itua-

t

situat-

e

.-¬-tioniont iOn of the German forces in this areaBreaBread, was rapidlyrA.pidlyrapidlyb-

ecoming

rap-idly

rA.pidly-

becoming

rap-idly

rapidlyb-

ecoming

rap-idly

.

becoming precariouspreca.rioueprecarioue. and aa.. general withdrawalthdrawalthrallwi with aa-

view

v-

iew

a-

view

v-

iew

a-

view

v-

iewview to straightening their battle lines on thethe-

western

te-

eterthe-

western

te-

eterthe-

western

te-

eterwestern front became imperative.imperative. Thus we find atat-

hand

N-

athan

at-

hand

N-

athan

at-

hand

N-

athanhand the opportunity for which the allied hiihighiihiico-

mmand

highc-

ommand

high-

wayman

highc-

ommand

high-

wayman$

command had waitedwa.ited. and prepared - that ofo f passingpassing-

from

passi-ng

passing-

from

passi-ng

passing-

from

passi-ngfrom the defensive to the offensive.offensive. ImmediatelyImmediately-

the

Immediat-elythe planeplans for launchinglaunchin a vigorous and general ofof-

fensive

of-ofof-

fensive

of-

fensive

¬-

fensivefestive along the entire western front were putput-

into

put-

ting

put-

into

put-

ting

put-

into

put-

tinginto operationoperatoperant ion and the advance beyond the MarneMa.rneArneMarne-

began.

Ma.rne-

be

Mari-

ne

Marne-

began.

.

began.beganbe ganEgan .

TOPOGRAPHYTOPOGRAPH-

YThe

TOPOGRAPHY-

Map

Topograp-

hy

The MarneArne River is over fifty yards inin-

width

di-

mwit

in-

width

di-

mwit

in-

width

di-

mwitwidth and unfordable.unfordableunaffordable. All bridges across the riverriver-

had

riverh-

ead

river-

had

riverh-

ead

river-

had

riverh-

eadhad been destroyed in the face of the German adad-

vance.

ad-

vance

ad-adad-

vance.

ad-

vance

ad-

vance.

ad-

vance

¬-vance.vance. The river runsrune through a deep valley thethe-

ithei-

r

the-

Bides

He-

brides

the-

sides

tes-

tiest

the-

sides

tes-

tiesti

Bidessides of which , in places , rise to a height ofof-

Map

Ho-

ffman

of-

about

fa-

deout

of-

Map

Ho-

ffmanMap No 1 about five hundred feet ,; the north side oeingbeing'eingeingBoeing' highhigh-high-

er

¬-

er and the slope more abrupt.abrupt. Two mainme.inmeinmien. avenuesavenues-

controlave-

nuesavenues-

controlave-

nuesavenues-

controlave-

nuescontrol the outlet from the valley to the north , thet'hethe-

Surmelin

thr-

eesome

t'he-

Surmelln

the-

Surmelln

thr-

eesome

the-

Surmelin

thr-

eesome

'

SurmelinSurmellnUnreelingSummerland Valley and the JaulgonneJargoned Gorge.Gorge. SeparatingSeparating-

f

Separating-

3

SeparatingIa-

n.

Separatin-

g" - . .. . _ 4'4'.

' . ..," , . . . . . ' .. .

.. . . . . . ... . , , . . . . .

, . .: ,." fw'fw' -: ' 00'00' ' ', ',' ... 1.1.. A.. ' .,v, . 0<z.z( . fv" ,I .. -33-..:I.I. . .

"

AJ#.

-JJ-

INTRODUCT

I-

NTRODUCE

.1.1.1. . . . ' .

- . ' " . - 4.4. . .- ' a.l..I.Ian.Ian. .' WI.... .

.11. . _ . ,

. . . -- ' "

.. . . ..

. . . . .

.. . ...

. .

, ..

,

.

... ._. .

.

- . . . ..

. . .

.

.

.- .

.., .

. . . .

.

. ' " . .

. .

..

.. . - - - . .... . . . .. .

..

. .irir. w.w. v.v . w . . . . . . .rr. wrwwwww w " ' - - " . . . .. . " ....-.J..J.-. . . '. . . ... .. . .

the two isi8 a long; ridge which extends northwardnorthwe.rdnorthwerd. fromfrom-

Oharteves

from-

Charteves

fri-catives

from-

Charteves

fri-cativesOhartevesChartevesHartebeestCharters to the town of Le Charmel.CharmelCharnelChar me 1.1. The countrycountry-

generallycoun-

trymencountry-

generallycoun-

trymencountry-

generallycoun-

trymengenerally is broken and heavily woodedwoeded with twotw-

olarge

tol-

lagetw-

olarge

tol-

lagetw-

olarge

tol-

lagelarge forests extendingextendinp; from the &arnearne& arneerne Valleytlleytallyrr a longlong-

distancelo-

gisticlong-

distancelo-

gisticlong-

distancelo-

gisticdistance toward the north.north. NumerousNumeroQs small villagesvillages-

and

villag-esand farms afforded, good prepared cover for machinemachine-

gun

machi-

nemachine-

gun

machi-

nemachine-

gun

machi-

negun positions and for smallsma.lsmal.! bodies of protectingprotectingi-

nfantry.prote-

ctingprotectingi-

nfantry.prote-

ctingprotectingi-

nfantry.prote-

ctinginfantry.infantry. In the roa.droad. net north of the river therethere-

are

there-

'rethere-

are

there-

'rethere-

are

there-

'reare two mainm in roads leading northonenorthjoneNortonNorth; which traversestraverses-

the

travers-esthe SurmelinSurmelUnreelingSurelyin Valley pndandpondnd the other , the Jaulgonne-LeJaulgonneLeJargonedJaulgonneLe-

Charmel

JaulgonneLeC-

ha.rmel

JaulJail gonne-LegonneLegonegonneLe-

Cha.rmel

-

CharmelCha.rmelCharnel. road , follows the JaulgtmneJaul'onneJaulonneJaul7onneAdultnessJulienne[' Gorge.Gorge. . A netnet-net-

work

net-

work

net-

work

¬-

work of unimproved roads and trailstra.ils. connect thesetheset-

wother-

eto

theset-

wother-

eto

theset-

wother-

etotwo main arteriesa.rteries. and branch out in all directions.directionsdirections.-

In

directio-ns

.

In general the terrain is particularly well suitedsuited-

to

suite-

dto the type of defensive.efensiveefensive. action peculiar to a rearrear-

guard

rear-

guard

rear-

guardguard action.actionaction.-

3D

action3-

D

.

3D DIVISION SITUATION - JULY 2121-

On

21-

On

21-

OnOn July 21 the 3d Division again occupied allall-

positions

all-

ocutions

all-

positions

all-

ocutions

all-

positions

all-

ocutionspositions held by them at the start of the German atat-

tack

at-atat-

taok

at-

tack

at-

tack

¬-

tacktaoktao on JulyJ ly 15.15. The'TheThe'entireTheentireTheatre' entire division had sufferedsuffered-

heavilysuff-

eredsuffered-

heavilysuff-

eredsuffered-

heavilysuff-

eredheavily in casualties and the trantraintra.nsportationtransportation. sport at ion had beenbeen-

greatly

beni-

gnantly

been-

greatly

beni-

gnantly

been-

greatly

beni-

gnantlygreatly, depleted.depleted. A general reorganizationreorgan1zation had takentaken-

place

tak-en

taken-

plaoe

tak-en

taken-

place

tak-enplaceplaoe within fcnitsdnitscantsnitsthnthan it s and regiments were being collectedoollectedcollected-

in

oollected-

in

collecte-

din assembly areas preparatory to crossing the river.riverriver.-

The

riv-er

river.-

The

riv-er

river.-

The

riv-er

.

The 1st Battalion of the 7th Infantry was inin-

the

in-

ter

in-

the

in-

ter. the woods Just to the north of FoeeoyFoseWFeretoryFosserOB.rOB.,. and the.the. JBd2dJibed2 . and9ndand-

3d

9nd-

3d

and-

3d

,

3d Battalions were assembled in the woods in thethe-

Map

he-

apthe-

Map

he-

apthe-

Map

he-

apMap No 2 vicinityvioinity of the chatea.uchateauohateau. at Fossoy.Fossoy1ossoy.1ossoyFlossy. Company "I"I" " hadhad-

suffered

cha-

uffeured

had-

suffered

cha-

uffeured

had-

suffered

cha-

uffeured. .

suffered heavilyhea.v11)hea.v11heav11. )' in the attackattaok having been reducedreduoedreduced-

in

reduoed-

in

reduce-

dredoundi-

ngin strength from over two hundred and forty to aa-

bare

c-

abaret

a-

bare

c-

abaret

a-

bare

c-

abaretbare hundredhundre and thirty odd men who were fit andand-

ready

An-

drea

and-

ready

An-

drea<.

ready to take up the advance.advanceadvanoe.advanoeadvancesadvance.-

A

advanc-

e

.

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ir

PerePerez through the SurmelinSurrnelinSurmelUnreelingSquirrelingSurelyin Valley.Valley. Heavy shellingshelling-

wee

shelling-

wae

shelling-

was

shelli-ngweewaewaswade, taking placepla.ce. along the road particularly onon-

Map

D-

onna

on-

tha.t

co-

ntact

on-

that

co-

ntactMapMa.p. No 3:3:-

3Map

3-

Map

3-

Map

: thattha.t. portion 'tjassine9assingpassingjasmine ,; between the Bois de A/IAI'r.r' /

. onontont-

L'Eveque

ont-

LEveque

int-

erveneont-

L'

ont-

L

o-nt

tt-

L'Eveque

t-

LEveque

A-

tleeL'EvequeLEvequeLeveledL'L' Eve quequa a.ndand. the ForetFloretFo re t de Fere.FereEreFe re . The battalionbattalionr-

eachedbatta-

lionbattalionr-

eachedbatta-

lionbattalionr-

eachedbatta-

lionreached its position about midnierhtmidnicrhtmidnightmidnimini ht , relieved thethe-

1st

the-

1st

the-

1st1st Battalion anda.nd. dug in on the west of the roadroad-

in

radi-

an

road-

in

radi-

an

road-

in

radi-

anin the vicinity of Le TieulerieieulerieThieveriesequerriesT FarmFarm.Farm.-

ADVANCE

Ar-mada

Farm.-

ADVANCE

Ar-mada

,.

ADVANCE THROUGHTHROUCiTrouncing THE FORETFLORET DE FEREEREFERE-

On

Faer-

oe

FERE-

On

Faer-

oe

FERE-

On

Faer-

oeOn the morningmorninmorning of July 12424 the advance towardtoward-

Le

towa-rdLe ChannelCharmeCharcneCharmedChaconne, was resumed.resumed. WithoutWi thouttout regardre ga.rdgardguard

. for the concon-con-

cealment

con-

cealment

con-

cealment

¬-

cealmentcalumet offered by the westernwe etePete rn edge of the ForetFloret dede-

Fere

d-

eere

de-

Fere

d-

eere

de-

Fere

d-

eereFereEre the initialinimini tieltie part of the movement was made overover-

open

overs-

pend

over-

open

overs-

pend

over-

open

overs-

pendopen groundgrounground with no concealment for a distance ofof-

some

bo-

somed

of-

some

bo-

somed

of-

some

bo-

somedsome seven hundred yards.yards. The leading companies of thethe-

Map

he-

apthe-

battalionte-

arstainthe-

battalionte-

arstainMap NoN o 3:3: battalion penetrated the forest at a point aboutabout-

seven

abu-

siveabout-

seven

abu-

siveabout-

seven

abu-

sive

,

seven hundredhundre yards north of Le TieulerieThieveries Farm andand-

traversed

lan-

dgravesand-

traversed

lan-

dgravesand-

traversed

lan-

dgravestraversed the forest toward the northeast.northeast. As thethe-

rear

the-

reat

the-

rear

the-

reat

the-

rear

the-

reatrear of the battalion reached the cover of the woodswood-

sthe

woods-

hed

wood-

sthe

woods-

hed

wood-

sthe

woods-

hedthe battalion commander called a halt and directeddirected-

me

directe-

dme to conduct ae.e. patrol through the forest to determinedetermine-

the

determin-

atethe location of the assault companies.companiescompanies.-

The

compan-

ies

.

The patrol located the assault companies underunder-

cover

under-

cover

under-

covercover along the eastern edge of the forest andBndendBand, thenthen-

proceeded

hen-

peckedthen-

proceeded

hen-

peckedthen-

proceeded

hen-

peckedproceeded south to determine the location of the rightright-

flank

righ-

tfulright-

flank

righ-

tfulright-

flank

righ-

tfulflank of the line.line. About 100 yards beyond this flankflank-

troopsflat-

topsflank-

troopsflat-

topsflank-

troopsflat-

topstroops were discerneddisoerned preparing to debouch from thethe-

forest

the-

orems

the-

forest

the-

orems

the-

forest

the-

oremsforest and move north to the cover of the Bois dede-

Charmel

be-

charmed

de-

Charmel

be-

charmed

de-

Charmel

be-

charmedCharmelCharnel , Having identified the unit aaa8as the 3d3d-

Battalion'" " . .. . .. " . .. ' . , . . . . .. . . . _ - . r ,. _. "

, . '. ... . . ' . ;. ,. NI. . :1010:; b ;. 6-6.-. w_ r.r-

BattalionB-

attalion. . , . .

Battalion of the 4th Infantry , I placedplaoed the patrolpatrol-

under

pat-rol

patrol-

under

pat-rol

AtrolPatrolAtrol-

under

Aro-

undunder coverooverover in a ditchditohditto about twenty yards to theirtheir-

leftther-

eoftheir-

leftther-

eoftheir-

leftther-

eofleft flank : from whichwhioh anauav unobstructedunobstructed. . view waswa-

soffered

"8.888./,

offered along their entire front.front. The occurrencesocourrencesoccurrences-

l

occurrence-

s. . " ' " . . . ' - ' . . - "

,. . ".

,. . .

..'

.

"

."

.. ..

. , ,

. .. .. - . r a

:.11-

4

:. :. ,

. . .. ' :' .

" '.-.. . ' '', "':

.-:. .

.. .

-...

.,

""; ."

.. l.

w...i* w. .

leh. <*. .

< /. f"f". "nn" ':,';" . . . . ,

: : "MM : : : :.:

' ."

', -

'. " f"4"

"4'4' ,

. .. '" I"I" .. ,., "' .. , H'H' ., ' .. . , . , . ,. , . ' '. , . ; , " ..

-4-4- 4-

Ma.p

4-

Map

4-

W

-. _ . _ . . . _ . _ .

. , . . . . . . . . . . ' _ ' " ' ' , A.AA-

.Map

A-

MA

.

3D DIVISION CROS3SSCROSSES MARNEARNEMARN-

EIn

Mari-

neIn the early morning of July 21 , the 3d3d-

Division

3d-

Diviei.n

3-

dDiviein

3d-

DivisionDivisionDiviei.nDivieinDividend.:) began its crossing , the 4th Infa.ntryInfantry. beingbeing-

thebei-

ng(1)1( ) 3d Div.DivDiv.-p

Di-v

. the first regiment to cross atnt Chierry.ChierryCherry. (1)1(1)-p

1-p

(1)-

Lete

1-Lete

( )

p 59LeteLateLethe the same afternoon and during the nightnight-

of

nig-htof July 21-222122- the 1stlet BattalionBatta.1ionBatta1ion, . of the 7th InfantryInfantry-

crossedInfa-

ntryInfantry-

crossedInfa-

ntryInfantry-

crossedInfa-

ntrycrossed by boat and footbridge in the vicinity ofof-

Fossoy.

of-

fenses

of-

Fossoy.

of-

fenses

of-

Fossoy.

of-

fensesFossoy.FossoyFlossy. Early on July 22 the 2d and 3d BattalionsBattalions-

c

Battalion-s(2)2( ) 3d Div.DivDiv.-

pDi-

v., crossedc ro ssedseed overoveJove r a footbridge at Fossoy.FossoyFlossy. (2)2( ) Consider-ConsiderConsideConsider-

pConside-

rr-rr-

able

r-

abble

r-

p-

p 97able shelling of the bridge and its approachesaporoacheapproached sa waswa-

sexperienced

wa-

sexperienced

wa-

sexperiencedexperienced during the creasingcroasingcrossing and a number ofof-

casualtiesf-

acultiesof-

casualtiesf-

acultiesof-

casualtiesf-

acultiescasualties resulted.resultedresulted.7-

TH

resulted7-

TH

.

7TH INFANTRY"INFANTRY"

ADVANCES NORTHNORTH-

On

NORT-

OnOnOnTuiyOnTuJ.yEntity-TuiyTuiyTulY-TuJ.yTuJ.yEtuiTully-- . 22 the 7th InfantryIn.fa.ntryTn.fAntryTnfAntry.. . beganbeg n its adad-

vance

ad-adad-

vance

ad-

vance

¬-

vance north in the direction of Le OharmelCharmelCharnel inis ac-acac-

(3)

a-

c3

ac-

cordance

ac-

(3)

a-

c3

-

(3)3( ) 3d Div.DivDiv.-p

Di-v

., cordancecoracle with orders received the oreviousDreviouspreviousDevious day.dayda.y.,. . (3)3(3)-p

3-p

(3)-

The

3T-

he

( )

p 59The 1stl st BattalionBettalBeta ion advanced through Mont St.StSt ., PerePerez andand-

up

an-

dand-

up

an-

d....

up the SumejflinSmellingSSinee *linOlin1 in; Valley toward Le TuilerieToiletriesTuileTile rieBrie Farm andand-

the

ant-

hem(4)4( ) 3d Div.DivDiv.-p

Di-v

., the 2d Battalion moved on LaLa. . TheodorieTheodore Farm.Farm. (4)4(4)-p

4-p

(4)-

The

4T-

he

( )

p 9797-

Map

The 3d Battalion went into position as regimentalregimental-

Map

regimen-

tal

regimental-

reserve

regim-entalMap No 3 reserve on the heights above Montlontont St.St. Pere.PerePerez., ConCon-Co-

nsiderable

Co-

nsiderable

Co-

nsiderable

¬-

siderablesidereal sniping waswaewade still in progress by the enemyenemy-

from

ene-my

enemy-

from

ene-my

enemy-

from

ene-myfrom well concealed positions on the north slope ofof-

the

of-

ten

of-

the

of-

ten

of-

the

of-

tenthe valley and several isolated machinemechine, guns werewer-

ecaptured

wh-

ereatwer-

ecaptured

wh-

ereatwer-

ecaptured

wh-

ereatcaptured after ththtyttyy had causedoe sedseed a number of casualtiesoasualtiescasualties-

inoasualties'-

t'n

oasualties-

tncasualti-

es . .

't'ntn'

in'

the reserverereae.rve..unitsreaerveunitsreferentss's' 'rvrv'.

"unun"units/unitsunitsTheunits!ts /:, ' 'The'"fire'ThefireTheir'

The'The'The""' "fire'fire"fire'offireoffief"

fire 'ofof'

of thethe'the.the'e'n'em'ytheenemyHenley'. enemye'n'em'y' ' ' artilleryartillery-

on

artiller-y

a.rt'illeartillearticle.' ryry-

on

ra-

yonon the bridges and their approaches was continuous andand.-

d

ad-

d... ... . . . . fcad.ddcad.9.4d94dand

. .becomebecome., b Come: , , more: effectiveeffect 1ve-1vetee1ve-

3D

*.-. . . . .

3D BATTALION TAKES UP ASSAULT - JULY 2323-

On

23-

On

23-

OnOn July 23 the 3d Battalion receivedreoeived orders toto-

relieve

tr-

eeliketo-

relieve

tr-

eeliketo-

relieve

tr-

eelikerelieve the 1stlot Battalion at Le TieulerieThieveriesTieuleTelex rieBrie Farm andand-

that

can-

tata

and-

that

can-

tata

and-

that

can-

tatathat night moved outo t along the road from Mont St.St..

: :. ,:. . .;. ,. . :.;. '

, ..

: ',

. .. .. "

.

' > .; . . , .' '" - ""' ' ". ,"> . "- ', ",

. ' '.NN. . " ' '': ' . ..... . . .. - . . - - " . ".. .

." , " : t: ", .

. . .. .. r.r. '

. ,

. . .. ."" t a ,1'1r.r' r.r : : : :3I'I : :

. .. ' . . . , . " "

. ' .ItIt., " . . , .. . , . , . ,

"

. ' . .' . , II-

3

. ' . . . , . . .

-3-3-3-

(1)

3-

1

3-

3D

-

' ' ' , . .lMlM. .-N- ..YIYIN.YIN. . . \N.N..\ ... . . . . 1/ .' fir.fir_. .' . , . 1.\lr1.lr1.lr.....\.. ,,Y- Yn.. , .\ .. ti-ti...--. . .. . . , . . . 1.Mrtt1Mrtt. .... .....w-w.-. . - .:' ,.. ". . r.r. . ,.,) . .- . .' . \% .4.4.4'. . . . . .0\---0h1LMM1\"-... t--+ r' . . . . "._ ,. ") . . t't" . A.. . 0..1RYrR.01RYrR.01RYrR, .......)-. .MlI.MlIMali-... . , . ". , ,. . . . ,. MFA.1.YMFA1.YMFA1Y..."' ... ... .. .. N.N... .+ . ,. ' . . ,. . MrtMart... , .. . , . . . .

. . . . . .. . . . -.,- . ... . .. ..- '.

observed during1duringdurindurian ,l the next few minutes were both inin-

terestingin-inin-

teresting

in-

teresting

¬-

terestingteething and instructive.instructiveinstructive.-

The

instructi-ve

.

The initialinimini tialtail debauchmentdetachment was made, in thethe-

customary

the-

customary

the-

customarycustomary stereotyped wave formation.formation. The leadingleading-

wave

leadi-ngwave had gained a scant twenty-fivetwentyfive- yards into thethe-

clearhe-

ckler

the-

clearhe-

ckler

the-

clearhe-

cklerclear when the German artillery went into action.actionaction.-

From

acti-on

action.-

From

acti-on

action.-

From

acti-on

.

From an observation balloon in the vicinity of LeLe-

Channel

L-

ehman

Le-

Charmel

Be-

charmed

Le-

Charmel

Be-

charmedChannelCharmelCharnel the movement waswa E:. underunder direct observationobservationf-

romobservat-

ionabseobseabaseobsess 'va.tvati1vat) '

. ionion-

from

inf-

irmi onon-

from

co-

nfrontfrom its inceptionincept ion and a concentrated shrapnelshrapnel-

barrageshra-

pnelshrapnel-

barrageshra-

pnelshrapnel-

barrageshra-

pnelbarrage waswes perfectlyrfectlyerectlype placed alonga.long. the entireentKent ire front.frontfront-

.Casualties

front-

.Casualties

front-

.Casualties

.

Casualties resulted and the wave was forced to thethe-

ground.

th-

ereon

the-

ground.

th-

ereon

the-

ground.

th-

ereonground.ground. A minute later alla-1la1l- men had been withdrawnwithdrawn-

from

withdra-wn

withdrawn-

from

withdra-wn

withdrawn-

from

withdra-wnfrom the open to the cover of the woods.woods. After aa-

reorganization

r-

eorganization

a-

reorgani2ation

a-

reorganization

r-

eorganizationreorganizationreorgani2ation of the leading wavewa.ve,. had been acac-

complished

a.c-a.cac-aca.-

ccomplished

ac-

complished

ac-

complished

. ¬-

complishedcomprised a second attempt wa.swas., made to effect aa-

crossing.

c-

rossing

a-

crossing.

c-

rossing

a-

crossing.

c-

rossingcrossing.crossing. The sa/nesanesalliesaute/ formation was used and , as couldcould-

have

coul-

d've

could-

have

coul-

d've

could-

have

coul-

d'vehave been expectedeXIlt'ctedeXIltctedemitted' , the second effort met with nono-

Hap

n-

osh

no-

.ap

sno-

wcap

no-

gap

no-

ugatHap.apapgap. No 3 more success than had the first.first. With an apparentapparent-

determination

apparent-

determination

apparent-

determinationdetermination to force a crossing without delay andand-

gain

man-

darin

and-

gain

man-

darin

and-

gain

man-

daringain the BoisBoieBoise de ChannelCharmelCharnel regardless of obstacles ,

the commander of the unit employed the same methodsmethods-

in

metho-dsin aee. ,. third and still a fourth attempt to penetratepenetrate-

the

penetra-

tethe barrageba.rrage. line.line. Each, fresh appearanceappea.rance. of troopstroops-

from

troo-ps

troops-

from

troo-ps

troops-

from

troo-psfrom under cover of the forest was met by the GermanGerm-

anartillery

Gra-nadilla

Germ-

anartillery

Gra-nadilla

Germ-

anartillery

Gra-nadillaartillery with an increasedinoreased volume of fire.fire. AfterAfter-

the

Aftert-

ime

After-

the

Aftert-

ime

After-

the

Aftert-

imethe fourth sortie had failed of its purpose , thethe-

unit

he-

nbit

the-

unit

he-

nbit

the-

unit

he-

nbitunit commanderoommander was finally convincedconvinoed that the meansmeans-

emp

man-

semeans-

pnap1oyeci.. ... " , " .. "empKempt'l\p\oyep-t'ltlpoyeppnap1oyeciyept'lpoyepe' !\ \ oye.doyedhoyed

,. - , . werevgexevexede . ..n..ot.not.not.n..ot.9opE1enot9opE1e,.. . consistentgon.gistentrygongistentry9opE1egon.gistentrywith. ? .ee. t"t,", with!1.1.

q thewregu.irementevthewreguirementevthel1e.l1e. xegu1IereQU.irereQUire: ;. : Etnt'f.EtntfrentsTNT' . .. . . . A,%. s.. ".. J.J. r.rr.-

c

.

of the situation.situationtuat1on.tuat1onsituation.-

An

situatio-n81 tuat1on.-

An

tuat1on-

An

.

An interesting feature of this episodeepisode. . waswas-

the

wa-

ste

was-

the'

was-

the

wa-

ste

was-

the

wa-

stethethe' ' lacklaoklao of appreciableappreoiable artillery fire directeddireoteddirected-

againstdire-

cteddirected-

againstdire-

cted.

against the woods at the point from which thethe'-

ii

the-

ii

Hei-

di., ' ' ' " ' . '. '. ' "-. '. ' "'.

', .,

',. ,

' '.. . ,. . . , ' ', ' . '

.'. .

' ' -\ ': , *. .,a* " *" .

.'.... ":'..

. '. '.*.' ."..10.10' *

, '., r.r*.. .... Na*'*.,.,. 4*...

w"......,

.

.,..

.r... .rr.'." I.Is.ss-

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s-

5

.

.',..'iiii: c. 'ss:: V7s *". ,. -e-e-G'G'Gi- ')- 'r.r>:' , ., {:.. X.X.

\-ii\:..11-., r;a-", "rr.aa .; av 'AA"Aa u-uaW*- ' 3 *;;.* >. 'VV\V I.ttp. 'ititM >. v/vavnI.I./' nra; t. Yf 'tt! ! ! /ff>/ "* r;! V!>! - A' .'VV k "to.to>-. -. 1'yy >. ! - "tt"t-

5

t-

5

... . . , . ' . . <r"r" . - . . . . . . - .' . . . .

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battalionbattbatty al ion was attemptinga.ttemptattempt. ingKing to debouch.debouchbouch.bouchouchde . It was notno-

tuntil

noc-

turnal

no-

tuntil

noc-

turnal

no-

tuntil

noc-

turnaluntil the troops hadhRdhard been driven back to cover forfor-

the

fo-

rtefor-

the

fo-

rtefor-

the

fo-

rtethe fourth time thatth8t any real attempt was made toto-

concentrate

to-

concentrate

to-

concentrateconcentrate on the assemblyase-emblyaseemblyapsepebbly- positions in the woods.woodswoods.-

The

Woo-

dswoods.-

The

Woo-

dswoods.-

The

Woo-

ds.

The patrol , havingh8vin a definite mission to perform ,

was unable to remain and see what course of actiona.ctionaction-

was

a.ction-

was

acti-on

.

was next adopted by the unit commander.commandercommander.A-

DVANCE

comma-

ndeercommAnder.-

ADV

comman-

der

commander.A-

DVANCE

comma-

ndeer.

ADVANCEADV ANCEACNE ON LE CHARMKLCHAR1rBCHARSMELCHARMCARMELL CHATEAU-JULYCHATEAUJULYCHACHAD TEAU-JULTEAUJULEAUJULY- Y 2525-

Orders

25-

Orders

25-

OrdersOrders were received on the morning of July

25* 5 directing the advance to proceed along aa.. newne w line.lineline.-

The

lin-net

1line.-

The

lin-net

inecine .

The new route wsswaswaspswe s laid along a line which ran east frorifranIronfurorfrori-

the

ferr-

ite

fran-

the

fat-

her

Iron-

the

Ro-

tethe ForetFloret de FereEre to the Jaulgonne-LeJaulgonneLeJargoned- CharmeCharmelCharmel.CharmedCharnel] . road andand-

Map

Wa-

nda

and-

Map

Wa-

nda

and-

Nap

An-

naMapNap WoNo 3:3: thence north through Le CharmelCharnel Chateau.Chateau. The 3d3d-

Battalion

3d-

Battalion

3d-

BattalionBattalion 7th Infantry , with Company "I"I" " in reserve ,

"hwhw" . .II. lefteft-theeftthe.f.t.-t-te.f.t.ttedeft. . . . -- , thetheetthee- .p'Qoli-et.p'QolipQolietpolio. Fo:' -etet--t de FeretFerret during the morningmorn 1ng of thethe-

25th

the-

25th

the-

25th25th and began its advance8.dv8dv. .ncencenice. on Le CharmelCharnel Chateau.ChateauChateau.-

As

Chate-au

..,

As had been the case in their movement the previousprevious-

day

previo-usday proper regard was not given to the cover offeredoffered-

by

offere-

dby the woods , with the net result thattha.t. the GermansGermaneGerman-

sobserved

Ger-mans

German-

eobserved

Ger-mane

German-

sobserved

Ger-mansobserved the troops as they crossed the JaulgonneJargonedJaulgonne-

roadroad and the entire column was heavily shelled.shelledshelled.-

The

shell-ed

.

The advance was maintained until the leadinglee.dingleedingbleedingleading-

elementslea-

dinglee.ding-

elements

leading-

elementslea-

ding.

elements hadhe.dhedheed. gainedg 1ned ae.e., point about, three hundred metersmetel'BmetelBmetemeters-

north

met-ers

metel'B-

north

metelB-

north

meters-

north

met-ers

'

north of ArgentolArgent where they becamebeoame subjectedsubjeoted to aa-

very

a-

ve

a-

veryveryve ry heavyhef\.vyhef.vychef\ . concentrationoonoentratconcentrateion of machine-gunmachinegunmaohine-gunmaohine- and artilleryartilleryf-

ire.artille-

ryfire.fire. The volume of fire was eoso intense that furtherfurther-

r

furthe-

r. ; --; , . ,. I/I/> Ir,:' progre.eeprogreeeprogrteeprogrqeg. weewase tmpotetemporeimpoo'8o8'a ble.blebieablebideble.endble.apbleapbleedleap._ endapdaped, the.thethqnththe.batJaHprvth . batJaHprvBajaattRattars ttaEtta ? 1o toqkoQkyogktockokyoke

µ,cQveragaercaveragarcQvacv r , in1Qirk1Q-

a

irk-

a

ir-

a

.

a ravine south of Le CharmelCharnel Chateau.ChateauChateau-

.Reconnaissance

Chateau-

.Reoonnaissanoe

Chateau-

.Reconnaissance

.

ReconnaissanceReoonnaissanoe of the ground in the directiondirection-

of

directio-

nof the chateauohateau and cfof the enemy positions in it8itsit8-

vioinityitits-

vicinity

,vioinityvicinity indicatedindioated that if the advanceadvanoe were to continuecontinue-

t

continue-a

continu-e

continu-a

t,

..*. .>., " ." ,.- it ;

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(. _ . .

--4114-

11battalion

the 4th InfantryInfInfo ntryentry on the left , the French on the rirightrichtrichright-

and

righ-

tedricht-

and

Rich-

ard

<?htht-

and

h-

andand the 1st Battalion of the 7th Infantry in thethe-

centerte-

eterthe-

centerte-

eterthe-

centerte-

etercenter , an attack weeWas launched againstaga.inst. the Le CharmelChannelCharnelCharmel-

Le

Channel-

Le

Carm-el

Channel-

edLe CharmelCharnel Chateau line which forced the Germans toto-

abandon

Ta-

mbrands

to-

abandon

Ta-

mbrands

to-

abandon

Ta-

mbrandsabandon their positions and retire toward the north.northnorth.-

On

nort-

h.

On July 27 the 3d Battalion was withdrawn toto-

a

toa-

da position in support of the 4th Infantry, and thusthus-

ended

husb-

anded

thus-

ended

husb-

anded

thus-

ended

husb-

andedended the particitpareticparticiuationparticipationpart is inatinapt> ationactionion of this battalion HSass an asas-

saulta6-a6as-asa6-

saul

as-

sault

¬-

saultsault unit in the Aisne-MarneAisneMarneAisne-Ma.rneMa.rneMaineArneMarine- . offensive.offensiveoffensive.-

COUNTS

offen-sive

offensive.-

C

offensiv-e

.,

COUNTSCOUNTS-

During

Coins-uring

CC0O.IOI::. 91'YNTS91YNTS91'YNT-

SDuring

91YNT-

SDuring

l\flf\ ' NTSNSNT-

SDuring

Net-

surfingDuring the first five days of this offensiveoffensive-

no

offensi-veno actual contact existed with other unitsunite of thethe-

division.

tel-

evision

the-

diviaion.

ten-

derization

the-

division.

tel-

evisiondivision.divisiondiviaio-n.diviaion.divination- . This factfR.CtfRCtfRt. obviated any Possibilitypoe : lb11ity ofof-

specking

o-

ffsetting

of-

t

of-

c

o-

fspeckingt;::' ec'ec' i-rtgirtgOrtega- ""itttmediraitttmedira"irsftfid..i-1rt.e.irsftfidi1rte."irsftfid..iirsftfidi1rt.e.1rte: : : .

. - .e-e-. . assorteassortGaPartAPartGa-PGaPc i- -artartort- frcsv-eftyfrcsveftyfr'CniyfrCniyFrsheftyfernyffr'Cn-fr'CnfrCnfern::<' : :'--fliy! . .". &ouroeouroeEurope&OO& raeoe .cut.cutoutsidecut-s4decuts4deoutside-

the

cuts4de-

the

outsi-de

. .- dede-

the

de-

aththe regiment.regiment. ConsequentlyConseouently the advance resolvedresolved. . it-itit-

"seir'Tnto

it-

seirTntoI-

nternetit-

s

it-

sell"'into

it-

sellintod-

ispelling

-,,-""seir'TntoseirTntosell"'intosellintoserpentEllington"se i'i'

+"'. 'll' ht '0 jT'seY'rerbjTseYrerb- '. ae"r'17eaer17e'e-r"'l'eer"'lrl' -" " ' of0f in-dtindtirdbirdiirn-divtdntd.ndivtdntd.dividend-dd- rft-rftraftrfttioratiortdarda# - -. ,

ctiotrioc:. ., iCTiSictusi..CtiCtitlo. . :i s's' - , irrin-inirrrintdint: - ' thet roir.rroil. 0"0", . . . . -,

several zones of advance ratherretherether, than aa.., concertedconcerted-

effortconce-

rtedconcerted-

effortconce-

rtedconcerted-

effortconce-

rtedeffort along the entire division front.frontfront.-

On

front-

On

.

On two separate, occasions a battalion was movedmove-

dacross

mo-

vedmove-

dacrose

mo-

vedmove-

dacross

mo-

vedacrossacrosearose open ground in the facefa.oefaoefoe. of the enemy withoutwithout-

taking

withsta-

nding

wiwithout-

taking

withsta-

ndingthouttoutthout-

taking

tota-

lingtaking proper advantage of the cover and concealmentconcealment-

offered.

conceal-ment

concealment-

offered.

conceal-ment

concealment-

offered.

conceal-mentoffered.offered. As a result , in one of these instances , thethe-

battalion

te-

arstainthe-

battalion

te-

arstainthe-

battalion

te-

arstainbattalion was forced to pay for this neglect byby-

suffering

by-

suffering

by-

sufferingsuffering numerous casualties.casualtiescasualties.-

About

casual-ties

casualties.-

About

casual-ties

. *.

About the only solution which might logicallylogically-

explain

logic-ally

logically-

explain

logic-allyexplainexpla.in. repeatedrepfaterefasten: attempts by a unit commandercommaIlder toto-

force

tw-

oferto-

force

tw-

oferto-

force

tw-

oferforce a barrage line withwi th hiehishide troonetr00t18throne in RA formationformation-

which

format-ion

forma.tformatformation-

which

format-ion

. ionion.-

w.b1ch

ion-

wb1chwhich.w.b1chw.b1chwb1ch-which.- . .doedoe. doe-sdoesdO&sdOs&- .nst.nctnctnestct.nn. , t prrmitpf.rmitpfrmitpermit: .' : oflf) thet.he. maximumaxlmumj'jtax' imummum use of covercover-cover-

would

over-

sold, "-

would be the necessityneoessity of conductingoonducting.hisoonductinghisoonductconduct insp.inspins. his entire forceforce-

to

foret-

opto a& given point in the shortest possiblepo.sibleposible. space ofotof-

time.

so-

ftie

ot-

time.

op-

tima

of-

time.

so-

ftietime.time. However , one canoanDoan conceiveoonoeive of few instancesinstances-

where

instan-ces

instances-

where

instan-ces

instances-

thereinstan-

ceswherethere the time element is18 of such vital importanceimportanoe asas-

8

. . . .'1.1 " ' .C'C.-

C'8

C-

8

' " -

. . . -8-8- 8-

the

8"-

w.

8-

w

8-8-1

. . . . .

.... .. . _. .. rw,. . .wrwwrwww... _ .._. . . . . . . . ,.. ,. wrw.wrwww_'

.. . ,. .rr_. "ii.ii" ". . ,.

"r. r.

"v.v". . rwr.rwrrr_

-. . w..rr.wrrrr_ ,. .__..+ . .r.wrw.. . . , . . . . . . v.v. . ,. "w.ww.w". . . . y..n.yn. . . " . . r.r. . . . . ,... .r.r. . '. . .w.w_. _.. .. .r.r.. . .rr..wr..ww..r.r.rw..w.rrrwrwwrrrwwr. .. . . . . . . ._.._. . . . _,_. .. _. . . urn .w.rwr. ... . . . . 0w.w ,. ' . . . . . .. .w.w.. . . J.r.Jr...M.M. . . .. . . . . . i.i, . . . ". . .r.r,. . . . . . . . ." . r.r.. n . . .". . . . .rr. . .ww-. .. . ' ". . ..u..n.un. .. . . ... " . .wwrwwr-ww. ' '' '. '. ' r.

without sufferingsufferinsuffering heavily in casualties support fromfrom-

flank

farm-

landfrom-

fla.nk

farm-

landfrom-

flank

farm-

landflankfla.nk. units would be necessary to reduce the positionspositions-

around

positi-ons

positions-

around

positi-ons

positions-

around

positi-onsaround the chateau.chateau. Effort was then directed towardtowar-

destaolishingtoa-

dstoolstowar-

destablishing

towar-

destablishingestaolishingestablishing contact with adjacent unitsunite with a viewview-

to

vet-o

view-

to

vet-o

view-

to

vet-oto obtaining the support required.required. Up to this timetime-

no

Timk-

enno contact whatever had existed between the battalionbattalion-

and

battali-onand other units outside the regiment.regiment. Information asas-

Map

a-

sap

as-

to

As-

ton

as-

Map

a-

sapMap No 3:3: to the locations of these units was vervveryverve indefinite ,

and littlelit tIe was known as, to the situationstuationsstationssi which confiont-confiontconfl'ont-confl'ontconflontconfront-confrontconfiont-

ed

confl'ont-

ed

conflont-

ed

confront-

ed

' --

ed them.them. As an example of this deficiency in informainforma-informalinform-

ation

inform-

ation

inform-

ation

¬-

tionion , the instructions issued to me in the assignmentassignment-

of

assignme-

ntof a missiommiesiom'miesiommission '- for my patrol, might well be used.used. . InIn-

substance

In-

sistence

In-

Bubstance

In-

ductance

In-

substance

In-

sistencesubstanceBubstance thesethes instructions were as follows :

'1"T1T"The4thie"44thie44thThe4thInfantry44thIn'fantry44thInfantryie"44thInfantryie44thInfantry"1'h1h' *""' 44th -InfantryInfantry-In'fantryIn'fantry-' -' is scraewbe.re.scraewberescrewier8cuso :; .wb.e.rwbere.wbexewbexbeerewe. . . ? ,. . onorOJ1.Ql1.rOJ1Ql1.rOJ1Ql1r..oijroijr.ou.rourcoir. , . left.leftlef.t.. . You willwill-

establishWi-

llemstadwill-

est

wil-

letwill-

establishWi-

llemstadestablishest ab11eh contact between thattha.t. regimentgimentgimletre and thisthis-

batlral'lunv'

this-

batlrallunv

this-

A

thi-

s

, , , . . . .,.

. ,'

' '.

'" ' - '' ' ' - " .'bababatlral'lunv'batlrallunvtt'a.l"iun'-tt'a.l"iun'ttaliunbattlerStalintt'a.l"iun'-

A

ttaliun-A

Stali-n

. ' _A considerableconsidera.ble. gapga.p. existed between the 3d3d-

Battalion

3d-

Battalion

3d-

BattalionBattalion and the 4th Infantry so to facilitate, thethe-

contacting

he-

sitatingthe-

contacting

he-

sitatingthe-

contacting

he-

sitatingcontacting of the leading elements of the two regiregi-Regisregi-

ments

regi-

ments

regi-

ments

¬-mentsaments the 1stlet BattalionttalionstallionB , of the 7th InfantryInfe.ntryInfentry. waswa-

sbrought

wa-

sbrought

wa-

sbroughtbrought up into position in the woods south of LeLe-

Oharmel.

Ex-

othermal

Le-

Charmel.

B-

echarm

Le-

Charmel.

B-

echarmOharmel.OharmelCharmel.CharmelCharnel.

ATTACK ON THE OHARMELCHARIELCHARNELO'HARECHARLIE CHATEAU-JULYCHATEAUJULY- 2626-

The

26-

The

26-

TheThe 1stlet Battalion arrived in its position inin-

the

in-

ter

in-

the

in-

ter

in-

the

in-

terthe woods on July 26 and suffered heavily whilewhile-

forming

while-

forming

while-

formingforming for attack.attack., The French , by this time ,) hadhad-

advanced

had-

advanoed

had-

advancedadvancedadvanoed to a line generally in prolongation of ourour-

right

out-

right

our-

right

out-

right

our-

right

out-

rightright flank and contactCOllta.otCOlltaotcotitaotColtsfootcotta. with uhemthemthem.hem. was ,establishedtab11shede© iitablimitable fished , '

Here we find , for the first time sincesinoesine the advanceadvance-

north

adva-nce

advance-

north

adva-nce

advance-

north

adva-ncenorth of the MarneArne was begun , a concerted effort byby-

adjacent

by-

adjaoent

by-

adjacentadjacentadjaoent tegimenteteg1mentlregimentsregimented against a commonoommon objective.objective. WithWith-

7

.

. . . ' . " . . . . . . , - , ' , . '. .

..."-7-7- 7-

Map

7-

JJ'

7-

JJ

-

, . . - , . . , .. - - , . . ' -. ' . . . . . - . . - -- . - . . .- . . . - - " ' - - " . .. . ._ - . . . . . . .. . . . , . . . . .- .- . . . . - . . ' . . - . . . . - . . . . . - , - . - . . . . . . . , . . . . " ' , ' . . - .- . .- . . . . . . .. .... . .,

.. . .

.. . ,-- ... JJ'\JJ'JJ'\.___

_...._ . '!. .

;

would warrant the deliberatedeliberdeliver te sacrifice ofo f many menmen-

to

men-

tor

men-

to

men-

tor

men-

to

men-

torto satisfy its requirements.requirementsrequirements.-

The

requireme-nts

.

The retreating Germans employed artilleryartillerya-

ndartillerym-

anand automatic weapons to the utmost limits of theirtheir-

capabilitiestheir-

capabilitiestheir-

capabilitiescapabilities in fighting1'thefighting1thefihting'thefihtingthefikhting'thefikhtingthefighting[,,

' delaying action againstagainst-

the

again-

stthe alliedall led advance.advance, . The resultsre suIt e obtained presentpresent-

an

prese-

nt

pre sentsent-

an

sunt-

anan illuminating study and a valuablevalua.ble. lesson concernconcern-concern-

ing

concern-

ing

concern-

ing

¬-

ingKing the important part'pBrtpBrtBart', these weaponswe ponspeons are capablecapa.ble. ofof-

playing

co-

pulating

of-

playing

co-

pulating

of-

playing

co-

pulatingplaying in the conduct of a rear guard action.actionaction.L-

ESSONS

actio-

nableaction.L-

ESSONS

actio-

nableaction.L-

ESSONS

actio-

nable.

LESSONSLESSON-

SFollowing

LESSON-

SFollowing

LESSON-

SFollowingFollowing is a summation of the lessons anan-

attempt

a-

gnatean-

attempt

a-

gnatean-

attempt

a-

gnateattempt hasha.s. been mademe.demedeMeade. to bring out :

.. " " . . _1.1.

' .

Byy the judiciousj.uju.

iC1ous employment of artilleryartillerya-

ndartiller-

yl.artillery-

man

artille-ry

a.rtart.

l.l..llerylleryleery.

.llery-

andand automaticautomatio weapons in conductingcond.uctconduct. ingKing a rearre ar guardguard-

action

grad-

ationguard-

act

guard-

ant

,

.. . . . . . . . . ... .

1,. .. . . .......... : Nr..wn.NrwnRowan... . -. .- . .,r-0 .. '

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actionacactt ion?, ', 'ItIt"I't'" 't " 'WW'"Treiranirg-p'Obyifrie"TreiranirgTreiranirgp'ObyifriepObyifrie"Treiranirgp'ObyifrieforTreiranirgpObyifrieforRearranging' L-'L' 't1m"ert1mer't1m"erpt1merp' JTiE"rJTiErTiEr!" " -pp- ' 6'f6f"';, io-.e.o.e.-% .e.e. . ,. -forfor.f)1'.f1f1-. ;) ' aa.. . relativelyr 1 a.a.t i ve 1 y smallsmall-

force

malfo-

rmed

emsmall-

force

malfo-

rmed

allall-

force

Al-

fredforce to effectively delay a force of much greatergreater-

size

grat-ers

greater-

size

grat-ers

greater-

size

grat-erssize for considerable periods of time and to inin-

flictin-inin-

flictin-

flict

¬-

flictflit heavy casualties.casualties.

2.2. In combatingcombetcomet, 1ng a rear guard actionact ion closeclose-

mutual

clie-

ntalclose-

mutual

clie-

ntalclose-

mutual

clie-

ntalmutual support by adjacent, units is of paramountparamount-

importance

para-mount

paramount-

importance

para-mount

paramount-

importance

para-mountimportance if the maximum advantage is to be gainedgained-

from

gain-

edgained-

from

gain-

edgained-

from

gain-

edfrom the enemy'senemysenemy' retirement.retirement. Uncoordinated efforteffort-

results

effor-

tlesslyeffort-

results

effor-

tlesslyeffort-

results

effor-

tlesslyresults in piecemeal advance , duplication of effort ,

with its attendant unneceesarvunnecessa.ryunnecessary. sacrificesa.crifioesacrifioe. of personnelpersonnel-

and

person-nel

personnel-

and

person-neland permitsDermitshermitsDemits the enemy to regulateregula.te. largelyla.rgely. accordingaccording-

toaccordi-

ngto hiehishide own planeplans and aimeaimsJaime the progress of thethe-

advance.

he-

adache

the-

advanoe.

he-

adman

the-

advance

he-

adacheadvance.advanceadvanoe.advanoe.,

3.3. The formationeformationsformation which are adopteda.dopted. when adad-

vancing

ad-adad-

vancing

ad-

vancing

¬--

vancingdancing in the face of the enemy must be consistentconsistent-

with

consist-entwith the requirements of the situation.situation. To attemptattempt-

to

attem-ptto advanceadvanoe through a heavy blanket of firef ire exceptexcept-

through

exc-ept

except-

through

exc-ept

except-

through

exc-ept medium of method of infiltrationthrough

" - ,the

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. "" , .. ... .. . . - . . . .. . . . . .. , . .. . , . . . - . ... . '"

_ . ., . . . . . . ,.; .II'II. . . "...._ .. ". . . ' . . . . ..... , ' ' . . . .. .. . . ,- I ' .. . . , . . . . . . . .. . . " .. . . , . , . . . . . .. .. . . . ... ",. . .. . . .

whereby full advantage may be taken ofo f cover andand-

of

an-

do

and-

of

an-

do

and-

of

an-

doof breaks in the zone of fire , is suicidal andan-

ddisastrous

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diatorsan-

disastrous

an-

tipastosan-

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ra-

diatorsdisastrousisastrous to the fighting efficiency of anan-

organization.

A-

mericanization

an-

organization.

A-

mericanization

an-

organization.

A-

mericanizationorganization.organization.

4.4. Failure to utilize to the fullestfullest-extent

full-est

fullest-extent

full-est

fullest-extent

full-estextent every available source of cover results inin-

needless

di-

nnerless

in-

needless

di-

nnerless

in-

needless

di-

nnerlessneedless loss of life and indicates a lack ofof-

appreciation

fa-

bricationof-

appreciation

fa-

bricationof-

appreciation

fa-

bricationappreciation of one of tnethetine most important concon-co-

ntributing

con-

tributing'

co-

ntributing

co-

ntributing

¬-

tributingtributing'striating ' factorsfa.ctors. in the consummation of a suc8UC-8UCsuc-suchsuc-

cessful

8U-

Ccessful

suc-

cessful

¬-

cessfulcess operation.operation.operation.CONCLUSIONoperation

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSIO-

NAll

Conclusi-on

CONCLUSCONCURS It'NItNTNIt'N-

All

ItN-

All

Ton-

ally

';

All units of the 3d Division thattha.t. participartici-pareticpartici-

pated

partici-

pated

partici-

pated

¬-

patedpatted in the Aisne-AisneAi8ne-Ai8neMaineAisnearneAi8ne.arneAi8nearneFaineance- .,arne.arne. Offensive acquitteda.cquitted. them-themthem-

seives

them-

selves

them-

selves

them-

selves

-

seivesselvessieves in an excellent mannerm nnerinner and accomplisnedaccomplished thethe-

missions

ite-

mizations

the-

missions

ite-

mizations. .. ' . . , .. .

missions assigned them most creditably.creditably. However ,.

." 'MIWM.MMMIWMMM'" '_.--** ' '''-. '' ' . , . ,oj'oj' "

from personal observation and from a study of thethe-

operations

the-

orizations

the-

operations

the-

orizations

the-

operations

the-

orizationsoperations of other units which were closely asas-

sociated

as-asas-

sociated

as-

sociated

¬-

sociatedscatted with my organization , it is difficultdifficult-to

difficu-ltto refrain from entertaining-entertainingentertainingthe- the belief that , hadhad-

closer

har-

dcover

had-

closer

har-

dcover

had-

closer

har-

dcovercloser cohesionoohesion existed between units the samesam-

eresults

som-

ersaults

sam-

eresults

som-

ersaults

sam-

eresults

som-

ersaultsresults would have been accomplished in a muchmuc-

hshorter

muc-

hshorter

muc-

hshortershorter space of time , at a much less cost inin-

manpower

fi-

nancierin-

manpower

fi-

nancierin-

manpower

fi-

nancierman-powermanpower- and with a correspondingly increasedincreased-

effectincre-

asedincreased-

effectincre-

asedincreased-

effectincre-

asedeffect on the morale of the enemy.enemyenemy.-

10

enemy-

10

.,

r

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