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IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS • 21(4):136–137 • DEC 2014 First Report of Cannibalism in the Saba Anole ( Anolis sabanus), with a Review of Cannibalism in West Indian Anoles Robert Powell 1 and Adam Watkins 2 1 Department of Biology, Avila University, Kansas City, Missouri 64145, USA ([email protected]) 2 Chizzilala Video Productions, Saba ([email protected]) 136 IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS CONSERVATION AND NATURAL HISTORY Copyright © 2014. Robert Powell. All rights reserved. WWW.IRCF.ORG/REPTILESANDAMPHIBIANSJOURNAL A t midday on 17 October 2014 at the Ecolodge on Saba (17°37’47”N, 63°13’52”W; elev. 397 m), we observed an adult male Saba Anole (Anolis sabanus) with a conspecific juvenile in its mouth (Fig. 1). When first seen, the juvenile was still alive, but it showed no signs of life as the adult car- ried it away after being disturbed by our presence. We did not observe ingestion. This is the first report of cannibalism in this species. Cannibalism is not uncommon in West Indian anoles (Gerber 1999, Henderson and Powell 2009), with 18 (now 19) species known to eat conspecifics (Table 1). Literature Cited Bowersox, S.R., S. Calderón, G. Cisper, R.S. Garcia, C. Huntington, A. Lathrop, L. Lenart, J.S. Parmerlee, Jr., R. Powell, A. Queral, D.D. Smith, S.P. Sowell, and K.C. Zippel. 1994. Miscellaneous natural history notes on amphibians and reptiles from the Dominican Republic. Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society 29:54–55. Breuil, M. 2002. Histoire naturelle des amphibiens et reptiles terrestres de l’Archipel Guadeloupéen. Guadeloupe, Saint-Martin, Saint-Barthélemy. Patrimoines Naturels, Paris 54:1–339. Carr, D.K., R. Powell, and J.S. Parmerlee, Jr. 1989. Anolis whitemani whitemani. Food habits. Herpetological Review 20:49–53. Cochran, P.A. 1989. Anolis sagrei (Brown Anole). Behavior. Herpetological Review 20:70. Fitch, H.S. 2003. Dewlaps and the lack thereof: Or, lizard studies in the Neotropics, pp. 153–157. In: R.W. Henderson and R. Powell (eds.), Islands and the Sea: Essays on Herpetological Exploration in the West Indies. Contributions to Herpetology, vol. 20. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Ithaca, New York. Fitch, H.S. and R.W. Henderson. 1987. Ecological and ethological parameters in Anolis bahorucoensis, a species having rudimentary development of the dewlap. Amphibia-Reptilia 8:69–80. Fitch, H.S., R.W. Henderson, and H. Guarisco. 1989. Aspects of the ecology of an introduced anole: Anolis cristatellus in the Dominican Republic. Amphibia- Reptilia 10:307–320. Fläschendräger, A. and L.C.M. Wijffels. 1996. Anolis. Natur und Tier, Münster, Germany. Fläschendräger, A. and L.C.M. Wijffels. 2009. Anolis. 2. vollständig überarbeitete und erweitere Auflage. Natur und Tier, Münster, Germany. Gerber, G.P. 1999. A review of intraguild predation and cannibalism in Anolis, pp. 28–39. In: J.B. Losos and M. Leal (eds.), Anolis Newsletter V. Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri. Gerber, G.P. and A.C. Echternacht. 2000. Evidence for asymmetrical intraguild pre- dation between native and introduced Anolis lizards. Oecologia 124:599–607. Henderson, R.W. and R. Powell. 2009. Natural History of West Indian Reptiles and Amphibians. University Press of Florida, Gainesville. Hicks, R.A. and R.L. Trivers. 1983. The social behavior of Anolis valencienni, pp. 570–595. In: A.G.J. Rhodin and K. Miyata (eds.), Advances in Herpetology and Evolutionary Biology: Essays in Honor of Ernest E. Williams. Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Holanova, V. and J. Hribal. 2004. Dos anolis cubanos: Anolis bartschi y Anolis lucius. Reptilia (Spain) 47:62–68. Lister, B.C. 1976. The nature of niche expansion in West Indian Anolis lizards. I. Ecological consequences of reduced competition. Evolution 30:659–676. MacLean, W.P. 1982. Reptiles and Amphibians of the Virgin Islands. MacMillan Caribbean, London. Martínez Reyes, M. and L. Rodríguez Schettino. 1987. Canibalismo en Leiocephalus carinatus (Gray) (Sauria: Iguanidae). Miscelanea Zoológica 29:1–2. Powell, R., R.W. Henderson, and J.S. Parmerlee, Jr. 2005. Reptiles and Amphibians of the Dutch Caribbean: St. Eustatius, Saba, and St. Maarten. St. Eustatius National Parks Foundation, Gallows Bay, St. Eustatius, Netherlands Antilles. Rand, A.S. 1967. Ecology and social organization in the iguanid lizard Anolis linea- topus. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 122:1–79. Rodríguez Schettino, L. 1999a. Introduction, pp. 1–16. In: L. Rodríguez Schettino (ed.), The Iguanid Lizards of Cuba. University Press of Florida, Gainesville. Rodríguez Schettino, L. 1999b. Systematic accounts of the species, pp. 104–380. Fig. 1. Adult male Saba Anole (Anolis sabanus) preying on a conspecific juvenile. Photograph by Adam Watkins.
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Page 1: TABLE OF ... · IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS • 21(4):136–137 • DEC 2014 First Report of Cannibalism in the Saba Anole (Anolis sabanus), with a Review of Cannibalism in West Indian

IRCFREPTILES&AMPHIBIANS•21(4):136–137•DEC2014

First Report of Cannibalism in the Saba Anole (Anolis sabanus), with a Review

of Cannibalism in West Indian AnolesRobert Powell1 and Adam Watkins2

1DepartmentofBiology,AvilaUniversity,KansasCity,Missouri64145,USA([email protected])2ChizzilalaVideoProductions,Saba([email protected])

136

IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS • VOL15, NO 4 • DEC 2008 189TABLE OF CONTENTS

T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S

F E A T U R E A R T I C L E S

Chasing Bullsnakes (Pituophis catenifer sayi) in Wisconsin: On the Road to Understanding the Ecology and Conservation of the Midwest’s Giant Serpent ...................... Joshua M. Kapfer 190

The Shared History of Treeboas (Corallus grenadensis) and Humans on Grenada: A Hypothetical Excursion ............................................................................................................................Robert W. Henderson 198

R E S E A R C H A R T I C L E S

The Texas Horned Lizard in Central and Western Texas ....................... Emily Henry, Jason Brewer, Krista Mougey, and Gad Perry 204 The Knight Anole (Anolis equestris) in Florida

.............................................Brian J. Camposano, Kenneth L. Krysko, Kevin M. Enge, Ellen M. Donlan, and Michael Granatosky 212

C O N S E R V A T I O N A L E R T

World’s Mammals in Crisis ............................................................................................................................................................. 220 More Than Mammals ...................................................................................................................................................................... 223 The “Dow Jones Index” of Biodiversity ........................................................................................................................................... 225

H U S B A N D R Y

Captive Care of the Central Netted Dragon ....................................................................................................... Shannon Plummer 226

P R O F I L E

Kraig Adler: A Lifetime Promoting Herpetology ................................................................................................ Michael L. Treglia 234

C O M M E N T A R Y

The Turtles Have Been Watching Me ........................................................................................................................ Eric Gangloff 238

B O O K R E V I E W

Threatened Amphibians of the World edited by S.N. Stuart, M. Hoffmann, J.S. Chanson, N.A. Cox, R. Berridge, P. Ramani, and B.E. Young .............................................................................................................. Robert Powell 243

CONSERVATION RESEARCH REPORTS: Summaries of Published Conservation Research Reports ................................. 245 NATURAL HISTORY RESEARCH REPORTS: Summaries of Published Reports on Natural History ................................. 247 NEWBRIEFS ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 248 EDITORIAL INFORMATION ..................................................................................................................................................... 251 FOCUS ON CONSERVATION: A Project You Can Support ............................................................................................... 252

Front Cover. Shannon Plummer.Totat et velleseque audant mo estibus inveliquo velique rerchil erspienimus, quos accullabo. Ilibus aut dolor apicto invere pe dolum fugiatis maionsequat eumque moditia erere nonsedis ma sectiatur ma derrovitae voluptam, as quos accullabo.

Back Cover. Michael KernTotat et velleseque audant mo

estibus inveliquo velique rerchil erspienimus, quos accullabo. Ilibus

aut dolor apicto invere pe dolum fugiatis maionsequat eumque

moditia erere nonsedis ma sectia-tur ma derrovitae voluptam, as

IRC

F

REPTILES & AMPHIBIANSC O N S E R V AT I O N A N D N AT U R A L H I S T O R Y

Copyright©2014.RobertPowell.Allrightsreserved.

WWW.IRCF.ORG/REPTILESANDAMPHIBIANSJOURNAL

Atmiddayon17October2014attheEcolodgeonSaba(17°37’47”N,63°13’52”W;elev.397m),weobserved

anadultmaleSabaAnole(Anolis sabanus)withaconspecificjuvenileinitsmouth(Fig.1).Whenfirstseen,thejuvenilewasstillalive,butitshowednosignsoflifeastheadultcar-rieditawayafterbeingdisturbedbyourpresence.Wedidnotobserveingestion.Thisisthefirstreportofcannibalisminthisspecies.CannibalismisnotuncommoninWestIndiananoles(Gerber1999,HendersonandPowell2009),with18(now19)speciesknowntoeatconspecifics(Table1).

Literature CitedBowersox,S.R.,S.Calderón,G.Cisper,R.S.Garcia,C.Huntington,A.Lathrop,L.

Lenart,J.S.Parmerlee,Jr.,R.Powell,A.Queral,D.D.Smith,S.P.Sowell,andK.C.Zippel.1994.MiscellaneousnaturalhistorynotesonamphibiansandreptilesfromtheDominicanRepublic.Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society29:54–55.

Breuil,M.2002.Histoirenaturelledesamphibiensetreptilesterrestresdel’ArchipelGuadeloupéen.Guadeloupe,Saint-Martin,Saint-Barthélemy.Patrimoines Naturels,Paris54:1–339.

Carr,D.K.,R.Powell,andJ.S.Parmerlee,Jr.1989.Anolis whitemani whitemani.Foodhabits.Herpetological Review20:49–53.

Cochran,P.A.1989.Anolis sagrei (BrownAnole).Behavior.Herpetological Review20:70.

Fitch,H.S.2003.Dewlapsandthelackthereof:Or,lizardstudiesintheNeotropics,pp.153–157.In:R.W.HendersonandR.Powell(eds.),Islands and the Sea: Essays on Herpetological Exploration in the West Indies.ContributionstoHerpetology,vol.20.SocietyfortheStudyofAmphibiansandReptiles,Ithaca,NewYork.

Fitch,H.S.andR.W.Henderson.1987.EcologicalandethologicalparametersinAnolis bahorucoensis,aspecieshavingrudimentarydevelopmentofthedewlap.Amphibia-Reptilia8:69–80.

Fitch,H.S.,R.W.Henderson,andH.Guarisco.1989.Aspectsoftheecologyofanintroducedanole:Anolis cristatellus intheDominicanRepublic.Amphibia-Reptilia10:307–320.

Fläschendräger,A.andL.C.M.Wijffels.1996.Anolis.NaturundTier,Münster,Germany.

Fläschendräger,A.andL.C.M.Wijffels.2009.Anolis.2.vollständigüberarbeiteteunderweitereAuflage.NaturundTier,Münster,Germany.

Gerber,G.P.1999.AreviewofintraguildpredationandcannibalisminAnolis,pp.28–39.In:J.B.LososandM.Leal(eds.),AnolisNewsletterV.WashingtonUniversity,St.Louis,Missouri.

Gerber,G.P.andA.C.Echternacht.2000.Evidenceforasymmetricalintraguildpre-dationbetweennativeandintroducedAnolislizards.Oecologia124:599–607.

Henderson,R.W.andR.Powell.2009.Natural History of West Indian Reptiles and Amphibians.UniversityPressofFlorida,Gainesville.

Hicks,R.A.andR.L.Trivers.1983.ThesocialbehaviorofAnolis valencienni,pp.570–595.In:A.G.J.RhodinandK.Miyata(eds.),Advances in Herpetology and Evolutionary Biology: Essays in Honor of Ernest E. Williams.MuseumofComparativeZoology,HarvardUniversity,Cambridge,Massachusetts.

Holanova,V.andJ.Hribal.2004.Dosanoliscubanos:Anolis bartschi yAnolis lucius.Reptilia(Spain)47:62–68.

Lister,B.C.1976.ThenatureofnicheexpansioninWestIndianAnolis lizards.I.Ecologicalconsequencesofreducedcompetition.Evolution30:659–676.

MacLean,W.P.1982.Reptiles and Amphibians of the Virgin Islands.MacMillanCaribbean,London.

MartínezReyes,M.andL.RodríguezSchettino.1987.CanibalismoenLeiocephalus carinatus (Gray)(Sauria:Iguanidae).Miscelanea Zoológica29:1–2.

Powell,R.,R.W.Henderson,andJ.S.Parmerlee,Jr.2005.Reptiles and Amphibians of the Dutch Caribbean: St. Eustatius, Saba, and St. Maarten.St.EustatiusNationalParksFoundation,GallowsBay,St.Eustatius,NetherlandsAntilles.

Rand,A.S.1967.EcologyandsocialorganizationintheiguanidlizardAnolis linea-topus.Proceedings of the United States National Museum122:1–79.

RodríguezSchettino,L.1999a.Introduction,pp.1–16.In:L.RodríguezSchettino(ed.),The Iguanid Lizards of Cuba.UniversityPressofFlorida,Gainesville.

RodríguezSchettino,L.1999b.Systematicaccountsofthespecies,pp.104–380.

Fig. 1.AdultmaleSabaAnole(Anolis sabanus)preyingonaconspecificjuvenile.PhotographbyAdamWatkins.

Page 2: TABLE OF ... · IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS • 21(4):136–137 • DEC 2014 First Report of Cannibalism in the Saba Anole (Anolis sabanus), with a Review of Cannibalism in West Indian

137

In:L.RodríguezSchettino(ed.),The Iguanid Lizards of Cuba.UniversityPressofFlorida,Gainesville.

RodríguezSchettino,LandM.MartínezReyes.1994.CaracterísticastróficasdeunapoblacióndeAnolis lucius (Iguania:Polychridae)enlacostaseptentrionaldeCuba.Avicennia1:67–77.

Schmidt,K.P.1920.ContributiontotheherpetologyofPortoRico.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences28:167–200.

Schmidt,K.P.1928.AmphibiansandreptilesofPortoRico,withalistofthosereportedfromtheVirginIslands.New York Academy of Sciences10,Part1:1–160+platesI–IV.

Schoener,T.W.1967.Theecologicalsignificanceofsexualsizedimorphisminsizein the lizard Anolis conspersus.Science155:474–477.

Socarrás,A.A.,J.delaCruz,G.GarcésG.,andA.Ruiz.1988.SaurofagiaenAnolis (Sauria:Iguanidae).Miscelanea Zoológica38:4.

Stamps,J.A.1983.Therelationshipbetweenontogenetichabitatshifts,competi-tionandpredatoravoidanceinajuvenilelizard(Anolis aeneus).Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology12:19–33.

Wolcott,G.N.1923.ThefoodofPortoRicanlizards.Journal of the Department of Agriculture of Porto Rico7:5–38.

IRCFREPTILES&AMPHIBIANS•21(4):136–137•DEC2014POWELLANDWATKINS

Table 1.RecordsofcannibalismbyWestIndiananoles(Anolis).

Species and island(s) References

A. aeneus(Grenada) Stamps1983

A. bartschi(Cuba) HolanovaandHribal2004

A. bimaculatus(St.ChristopherBank) FläschendrägerandWijffels1996,2009;Powelletal.2005

A. chlorocyanus(Hispaniola) Bowersoxetal.1994

A. conspersus(GrandCayman) Schoener1967,GerberandEchternacht2000

A. cristatellus(PuertoRicoBank,Hispaniola) Wolcott1923,MacLean1982,Fitchetal.1989

A. cybotes(Hispaniola) FitchandHenderson1987,Fitch2003

A. evermanni(PuertoRico) Wolcott1923;Schmidt1920,1928

A. homolechis(Cuba) RodríguezSchettino1999b

A. imias(Cuba) RodríguezinMartínezReyesandRodríguezSchettino1987,GonzálezBermudez

inRodríguezSchettino1999a

A. lineatopus(Jamaica) Rand1967

A. lucius(Cuba) RodríguezSchettinoandMartínezReyes1994,RodríguezSchettino1999b

A. marmoratus(Guadeloupe) Breuil2002

A. porcatus(Cuba) AlayónGarcíainSocarrásetal.1988

A. roquet(Martinique) SchoenerandGorman1968

A. sabanus(Saba) thisreport

A. sagrei(Cuba,GrandCayman) Lister1976,Cochran1989,GerberandEchternacht2000

A. valencienni(Jamaica) HicksandTrivers1983

A. whitemani(Hispaniola) Carretal.1989


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