Tackifiers in adhesives(teaser)

Dr Evert Smit

December 2009

• Introduction Arizona Chemical

• Tackifiers– Their action – looking at molecular scale– Chemistries– Effect in formulations– DMA

• Conclusions

Content

• 10 Manufacturing facilities

• Broad-based research and development

• Regional headquarters in Jacksonville, Florida and Almere, Netherlands

• 2 Research, Development& Technical Service labs

– Almere, The Netherlands

– Savannah, Georgia US

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Introduction

• What is a tackifier ?

• What does it do ?

• How does it do this?

Introduction:What is a tackifier ?• Low molecular weight material

(resin) (Mn 300-2000)

• Compatible or partially compatiblewith rubber/elastomeror adhesive base polymer

• Has a Tg (glass transitiontemperature) higher than that of therubber/elastomer or base polymer

Introduction:What does a tackifier do ?• The tackifier modifies the adhesive

polymer matrix1. It (partly) breaks up the existing structure

Enhances the mobility,thus enhances the tack size effect depends on compatibilitycompatibility

2. Increases adhesive force by providing “anchorpoints” for specific adhesion and bridging– almost like a surfactant– Again, compatibility compatibility is key

3. But also increases the Tg of the formulatedadhesive (=tackifier+polymer+additives)

Effect depends on amount

Example: hotmelt

Tackifying Resins

• Types of Tackifying Resins

– Chemistry

– Characteristics

Tackifying Resins – Types

• Rosin derivatives– Pure– Dispersion

• Hydrocarbons– C5, C9, C5/C9, AMS

• Terpenes– Polymerised– Styrenated– Phenolated

Tackifying resins based on rosin

• Bonding– The molecule has 2 distinct areas

• Lipophilicenabling embedding in apolar areas

• Polarfor interaction with theadhesive polymer

CH3

HO2 C

CH3

CH3

Tackifying Resins –Hydrocarbon Resins

• Chemistry

– Aliphatic C5• cis, trans 1,3-Pentadiene, cyclopentene,

cyclopentadiene• -C=C- and –C=C-C=C- functionality• (Non) low polar• ‘like like’ compatibility

Tackifying Resins – Terpenes

• Chemistry– Terpene phenols

– α-Pinene, β-pinene, d-Limonene + phenol– -C=C- functionality– Aliphatic, polar (-OH) nature

Effect of Tackifiers in Formulations

• EVA– Typically packaging & non-woven

• Acrylates– Solvent based– Dispersions

• Block copolymers– SBS– SIS– … not yet: OBC / metallocenes

Synthetic Rubber

Styrene Mid-Block StyreneStyrene Mid-Block Styrene

Styrene End-blocks•Sharp, crystalline melt point•Allows for melt processing•Provides cohesive strength

Mid-blocks•Soft, flexible•Elastomeric•Readily tackified

SIS AdhesiveRoom Temperature Shear

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

minutes

100C polyterpene100C rosin esterC5 hydrocarbon95C terpene phenol

DMA

How to measure the effect of a tackifier and aplasticiser ?

• Measure tack, peel and shear performance– Generates real-life real-life numbers

Or

• Dynamical Mechanical Analysis– Makes molecular interactions visible– Helps to predict adhesive performance and processability

Contact Details

Dr Evert SmitTechnical Leader Adhesives

Arizona ChemicalArizona ChemicalTransistorstraat 161322 CE AlmereThe Netherlands

Mobile: +31 653 29 50 32Office: +31 36 54 62 924

evert.smit@azchem.com

http://http://www.arizonachemical.comwww.arizonachemical.com