TaharaTahara TrainingTraining
Prepared by Rick LightPrepared by Rick Light
For For thethe
North American North American ChevraChevra KadishaKadisha and Jewish Cemetery Conferencesand Jewish Cemetery ConferencesOrganized by Organized by KavodKavod v’Nichumv’Nichum
First presented in June 2006First presented in June 2006Revised May 2010Revised May 2010
General OutlineGeneral Outline
nn Preparation procedures.Preparation procedures.nn Washing the Washing the meitmeit(ah) (ah) –– Physical cleansing.Physical cleansing.nn TaharaTahara –– Spiritual cleansing.Spiritual cleansing.
Dressing the Dressing the meitmeit(ah).(ah).
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nn Dressing the Dressing the meitmeit(ah).(ah).nn Placing the Placing the meitmeit(ah) into the (ah) into the aronaron..nn Cleaning up.Cleaning up.nn Debriefing.Debriefing.
DisclaimerDisclaimernn The procedures used by The procedures used by ChevraChevra KadishaKadisha groups groups
to prepare Jewish bodies for burial are largely to prepare Jewish bodies for burial are largely minhagminhag –– local customs passed down from local customs passed down from generation to generation. generation to generation.
nn Some organizations may use different procedures Some organizations may use different procedures from those presented here.from those presented here.
nn What is presented here is an amalgam of the most What is presented here is an amalgam of the most common procedures among a variety of CK common procedures among a variety of CK groups.groups.
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Reference ManualsReference Manuals
n Each Chevra Kadisha should maintain or prepare a manual of its procedures. This: n Ensures consistency of quality.n Preserves community customs.
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n Preserves community customs.n Makes training more consistent.n Facilitates communication.
nn A partial list of reference manuals is given A partial list of reference manuals is given at the end of this presentation.at the end of this presentation.
GlossaryGlossarynn Afar Afar –– earth from Israel placed into the casket and on the earth from Israel placed into the casket and on the meitmeit(ah).(ah).nn AronAron –– the casket. Jewish custom suggests the casket be made of plain wood, the casket. Jewish custom suggests the casket be made of plain wood,
without metal, and be minimally adorned.without metal, and be minimally adorned.nn ChevraChevra KadishaKadisha –– lit. lit. Holy Holy Society, the “Jewish Burial Society” responsible for Society, the “Jewish Burial Society” responsible for
properly preparing Jewish bodies for burial. It is customary for this group to properly preparing Jewish bodies for burial. It is customary for this group to work anonymously within the community performing work anonymously within the community performing TaharaTahara rituals when rituals when
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work anonymously within the community performing work anonymously within the community performing TaharaTahara rituals when rituals when needed.needed.
nn Dom Dom –– blood. blood. nn K’vodK’vod hameithameit –– honoring (showing respect for) the dead.honoring (showing respect for) the dead.nn MeitMeit –– a deceased man.a deceased man.nn MeitahMeitah –– a deceased woman.a deceased woman.nn SovevSovev –– sheet placed into the casket, wrapped around the sheet placed into the casket, wrapped around the meitmeit(ah).(ah).
Glossary ContinuedGlossary Continuednn TachrichimTachrichim–– burial shrouds, specifically the clothes (usually plain linen or muslin) burial shrouds, specifically the clothes (usually plain linen or muslin)
intended to represent the attire of the High Priest, as follows:intended to represent the attire of the High Priest, as follows:nn MitsnefetMitsnefet –– a fulla full--headhead--covering (including face) for a man, bonnet for a woman.covering (including face) for a man, bonnet for a woman.nn MichnasayimMichnasayim –– trousers with a tie at the waist and often the legs are sewn shut at the trousers with a tie at the waist and often the legs are sewn shut at the
feet.feet.nn K’tonetK’tonet –– longlong--sleeve shirt with no collar, with tie at neck.sleeve shirt with no collar, with tie at neck.
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nn K’tonetK’tonet –– longlong--sleeve shirt with no collar, with tie at neck.sleeve shirt with no collar, with tie at neck.nn KittelKittel –– outer longouter long--sleeve robe with collar, also has tie at neck.sleeve robe with collar, also has tie at neck.nn Avnet or Avnet or GartleGartle –– simple linen strap used as a belt.simple linen strap used as a belt.nn Apron Apron –– simple apron of linensimple apron of linen
nn TaharaTahara –– the ritual cleansing of the deceased to provide physical and spiritual the ritual cleansing of the deceased to provide physical and spiritual cleansing before burial. Sometimes used to mean the entire process of the cleansing before burial. Sometimes used to mean the entire process of the physical and spiritual washing of the physical and spiritual washing of the meitmeit(ah), the dressing in (ah), the dressing in tachrichimtachrichim, and the , and the placing of it into the casket.placing of it into the casket.
PreparationPreparation
nn Assign tasks, clarify assignments, review rules:Assign tasks, clarify assignments, review rules:nn Leader.Leader.nn Reader.Reader.nn Shroud (Shroud (tachrichimtachrichim) organizer.) organizer.
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Shroud (Shroud (tachrichimtachrichim) organizer.) organizer.nn Casket (Casket (aronaron) organizer.) organizer.nn Kit contents, buckets, equipment organizer.Kit contents, buckets, equipment organizer.nn Divide these tasks among the Divide these tasks among the TaharaTahara team as appropriate.team as appropriate.
nn Everyone participating should know what is expected.Everyone participating should know what is expected.nn Leader directs all activities, makes all decisions.Leader directs all activities, makes all decisions.nn Leader should have advisor available if needed.Leader should have advisor available if needed.
Preparation ContinuedPreparation Continued
nn Some thoughts on reader responsibilities:Some thoughts on reader responsibilities:nn All readings should be read carefully and clearly aloud.All readings should be read carefully and clearly aloud.nn Some groups have the entire team read together in unison.Some groups have the entire team read together in unison.nn Some groups memorize the readings ahead of time.Some groups memorize the readings ahead of time.
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Some groups memorize the readings ahead of time.Some groups memorize the readings ahead of time.nn Can be read in Hebrew, or English, or both (Hebrew first then Can be read in Hebrew, or English, or both (Hebrew first then
English).English).nn Should be read such that the Should be read such that the TaharaTahara team understands what is team understands what is
being read.being read.nn Should be read with Should be read with kavanahkavanah (sincerity and intent to honor the (sincerity and intent to honor the
dead).dead).
Preparation ContinuedPreparation Continued
nn Basic rules of Basic rules of k’vodk’vod hameithameit (honoring the dead):(honoring the dead):nn Always refer to the Always refer to the meitmeit(ah) by his/her name.(ah) by his/her name.nn No unnecessary conversation.No unnecessary conversation.nn Do not stand at head of Do not stand at head of meitmeit(ah) except when necessary.(ah) except when necessary.
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Do not stand at head of Do not stand at head of meitmeit(ah) except when necessary.(ah) except when necessary.nn Pass nothing over the body of the Pass nothing over the body of the meitmeit(ah).(ah).nn Follow directions of the leader, disagreements should be Follow directions of the leader, disagreements should be
resolved later (after completion of the resolved later (after completion of the TaharaTahara).).nn Details of Details of TaharaTahara events are confidential to the team.events are confidential to the team.
Preparation ContinuedPreparation Continued
nn Entire team states intentions and asks for Entire team states intentions and asks for guidance before entering guidance before entering TaharaTahara room:room:nn “Source of kindness and compassion, … grant us “Source of kindness and compassion, … grant us
the courage and the strength to properly perform the courage and the strength to properly perform
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the courage and the strength to properly perform the courage and the strength to properly perform this work, … guide our hands and hearts … help us this work, … guide our hands and hearts … help us to see Your face in the face of the deceased and in to see Your face in the face of the deceased and in the faces of each other …”the faces of each other …”
Preparation ContinuedPreparation Continued
nn Enter Tahara room in silence, set things up:Enter Tahara room in silence, set things up:nn Some groups light a candle.Some groups light a candle.nn Wash hands, double glove, gown.Wash hands, double glove, gown.nn Fill 2 containers for physical washing (warm water).Fill 2 containers for physical washing (warm water).nn Organize tachrichim (burial garments). Organize tachrichim (burial garments). [details later in this presentation][details later in this presentation]
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nn Organize tachrichim (burial garments). Organize tachrichim (burial garments). [details later in this presentation][details later in this presentation]
nn Organize aron (casket). Organize aron (casket). [details later in this presentation][details later in this presentation]
nn Organize supplies from Tahara kit.Organize supplies from Tahara kit.nn Remove all clothing, hospital gowns, tags, medical apparatus, etc. Remove all clothing, hospital gowns, tags, medical apparatus, etc.
Meit(ah) should be naked under clean sheet. Save jewelry, Meit(ah) should be naked under clean sheet. Save jewelry, hearing aids in bag for funeral director. Do not remove false hearing aids in bag for funeral director. Do not remove false teeth or contact lenses. Put tags in casket.teeth or contact lenses. Put tags in casket.
A Note About the CandleA Note About the Candlenn A candle is often lit when entering the Tahara room:A candle is often lit when entering the Tahara room:
nn It stays lit during the entire process.It stays lit during the entire process.nn The candle is placed at the head of the aronThe candle is placed at the head of the aron
upon completion of the tahara.upon completion of the tahara.
nn A candle is lit for several reasons:A candle is lit for several reasons:
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nn A candle is lit for several reasons:A candle is lit for several reasons:nn Reminds everyone of the holiness of life and death.Reminds everyone of the holiness of life and death.nn Represents the life of the deceased.Represents the life of the deceased.nn Reminds funeral home personnel that this is a Jewish burial.Reminds funeral home personnel that this is a Jewish burial.
Washing the Meit(ah)Washing the Meit(ah)
nn Some thoughts about Some thoughts about respectrespect::nn The meit(ah) is covered with sheet at all timesThe meit(ah) is covered with sheet at all times
except during rinsing and the Tahara itself.except during rinsing and the Tahara itself.nn Uncover only small portions of body at any one time.Uncover only small portions of body at any one time.
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nn Speak softly and only when necessary.Speak softly and only when necessary.nn Clean the body gently.Clean the body gently.nn Most important thing is to Most important thing is to have intentions have intentions
of kindness, dignity, and respect toward the meit(ah).of kindness, dignity, and respect toward the meit(ah).
Washing the Meit(ah) ContinuedWashing the Meit(ah) Continued
nn Say Say Chamol.Chamol.nn Say Say Vaya’an Vayomer Vaya’an Vayomer while clothing is removed.while clothing is removed.nn Place clean dry sheet over naked body.Place clean dry sheet over naked body.nn Cleanse entire body: Cleanse entire body:
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nn Cleanse entire body: Cleanse entire body: head, right side, left side, front, back. head, right side, left side, front, back.
nn Use warm water, be gentle, be thorough.Use warm water, be gentle, be thorough.nn Collect any blood, fingernail clippings, or hair Collect any blood, fingernail clippings, or hair
and place in the bag that goes into aron.and place in the bag that goes into aron.
Washing the Meit(ah) ContinuedWashing the Meit(ah) Continued
nn As body is washed, recite:As body is washed, recite:nn HinakhHinakh YaffahYaffah (for a woman),(for a woman), or or nn RoshoRosho KetemKetemPazPaz (for a man, and sometimes for a woman).(for a man, and sometimes for a woman).
nn Some have custom to rinse entire body after washing: Some have custom to rinse entire body after washing:
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nn Some have custom to rinse entire body after washing: Some have custom to rinse entire body after washing: nn Turn body, pour entire length of right side.Turn body, pour entire length of right side.nn Turn body, pour entire length of left side.Turn body, pour entire length of left side.nn Pour entire length of front.Pour entire length of front.
nn Dry body and table.Dry body and table.nn Cover body with clean dry sheet.Cover body with clean dry sheet.nn Discard gloves; wash hands again, Discard gloves; wash hands again, reglovereglove..
The Ritual of The Ritual of TaharaTaharann Fill containers with 24 quarts of cold water Fill containers with 24 quarts of cold water ((egeg., 3 buckets ., 3 buckets
of 8 quarts each)of 8 quarts each)..nn Dip boards in bucket water, place under Dip boards in bucket water, place under meitmeit(ah).(ah).nn Recite Recite AmarAmar Rabbi Rabbi AkivaAkiva..nn Some groups have canopy Some groups have canopy minhagminhag –– clean sheet clean sheet
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nn Some groups have canopy Some groups have canopy minhagminhag –– clean sheet clean sheet becomes becomes chupahchupah over the over the meitmeit(ah) during pouring.(ah) during pouring.nn Those holding sheet face away from the Those holding sheet face away from the meitmeit(ah).(ah).nn Need at least 4 (preferably 5 or more) team members present.Need at least 4 (preferably 5 or more) team members present.
nn Uncover Uncover meitmeit(ah), then pour water in continuous (ah), then pour water in continuous flow of 24 quarts:flow of 24 quarts:nn As one bucket completes its flow the next is started.As one bucket completes its flow the next is started.nn Pour right side first, then left, then center.Pour right side first, then left, then center.nn Start at head, pour entire length of body.Start at head, pour entire length of body.
TaharaTahara ContinuedContinued
nn While pouring occurs, all team members recite:While pouring occurs, all team members recite:nn TehoraTehora heehee, , tehoratehora heehee, , tehoratehora heehee (for a woman).(for a woman).nn TahorTahor huhu, , tahortahor huhu, , tahortahor huhu (for a man).(for a man).
nn If there is a break in the flow, refill and repeat pouring.If there is a break in the flow, refill and repeat pouring.
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nn If there is a break in the flow, refill and repeat pouring.If there is a break in the flow, refill and repeat pouring.nn Lower canopy sheet onto body, or cover body with Lower canopy sheet onto body, or cover body with
clean sheet immediately after pouring is completed.clean sheet immediately after pouring is completed.nn Dry the Dry the meitmeit(ah) and table thoroughly, cover with clean (ah) and table thoroughly, cover with clean
dry sheet. Use different towels for body and table.dry sheet. Use different towels for body and table.nn Remove boards, set aside for cleaning later.Remove boards, set aside for cleaning later.
Dressing the Meit(ah)Dressing the Meit(ah)
nn In death all are equal to the High Priest.In death all are equal to the High Priest.nn Therefore, we dress everyone in Therefore, we dress everyone in tachrichimtachrichim identically.identically.
nn Shrouds (Shrouds (tachrichimtachrichim) should be laid out ahead of time ) should be laid out ahead of time in the order needed to facilitate this process.in the order needed to facilitate this process.
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in the order needed to facilitate this process.in the order needed to facilitate this process.nn Recite Recite SosSos AssisAssis..nn Carefully support head at all times during dressing.Carefully support head at all times during dressing.nn Team members on opposite sides of table work Team members on opposite sides of table work
together in dressing and knot tying .together in dressing and knot tying .
Dressing the Meit(ah) ContinuedDressing the Meit(ah) Continued
nn Order of dressing:Order of dressing:nn Keep face covered with small cloth until head Keep face covered with small cloth until head
covering later.covering later.nn K’tonet (collarless tunic) K’tonet (collarless tunic)
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nn K’tonet (collarless tunic) K’tonet (collarless tunic) nn Recite Recite …you shall wear a holy tunic……you shall wear a holy tunic…nn Tie knot at neck.Tie knot at neck.
nn Mikhnasayim (pants) Mikhnasayim (pants) nn Recite Recite …and linen breeches shall be on your flesh……and linen breeches shall be on your flesh…nn Tie knots at waist and ankles (man) or below knees (woman).Tie knots at waist and ankles (man) or below knees (woman).
nn Kittle (jacket with collar)Kittle (jacket with collar)nn Tie knot at neck.Tie knot at neck.
Dressing the Meit(ah) ContinuedDressing the Meit(ah) Continued
nn Order of dressing continued:Order of dressing continued:nn Avnet / Avnet / gartelgartel (belt)(belt)
nn Recite Recite …and a linen sash shall you tie……and a linen sash shall you tie…nn Tie knot at waist.Tie knot at waist.
Tuck cutTuck cut--off off tzitzittzitzit into the belt (if into the belt (if tallittallit is present)is present)
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nn Tuck cutTuck cut--off off tzitzittzitzit into the belt (if into the belt (if tallittallit is present)is present)nn For a woman: place on the veil, then For a woman: place on the veil, then mitznefetmitznefet (bonnet)(bonnet)
nn Recite Recite …and a linen headdress shall you don……and a linen headdress shall you don…nn For a man: place on a For a man: place on a kipahkipah, then , then mitznefetmitznefet (hood)(hood)
nn Recite Recite …and a linen headdress shall you don……and a linen headdress shall you don…
Dressing the Meit(ah) ContinuedDressing the Meit(ah) Continued
nn Knots are important part of dressing the meit(ah).Knots are important part of dressing the meit(ah).nn Two people work together to twist, then one ties the Two people work together to twist, then one ties the
knot, as appropriate. knot, as appropriate. nn Count aloud Count aloud alef, bet, gimel, dalet alef, bet, gimel, dalet (or in English) during twisting.(or in English) during twisting.
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Count aloud Count aloud alef, bet, gimel, dalet alef, bet, gimel, dalet (or in English) during twisting.(or in English) during twisting.
nn The following diagrams show how this is done.The following diagrams show how this is done.
Starting Position for Knot TyingStarting Position for Knot Tying
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Twisting is Done By 2 People: AlephTwisting is Done By 2 People: Aleph
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End of TwistingEnd of Twisting
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First Step in Tying LoopsFirst Step in Tying Loops
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Second Step in Tying LoopsSecond Step in Tying Loops
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Final Step in Tying LoopsFinal Step in Tying Loops
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Finished Knots: Finished Knots: ShinShin
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Finished Knots: Finished Knots: ShadaiShadai
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Moving into the AronMoving into the Aronnn Casket (Casket (aronaron) should be prepared ahead of time, ) should be prepared ahead of time,
but if necessary do this now:but if necessary do this now:nn Remove all fancy innards, some leave a little straw for pillow.Remove all fancy innards, some leave a little straw for pillow.nn Drill holes in bottom (if possible, do outside of Drill holes in bottom (if possible, do outside of TaharaTahara
room); check with funeral home and Rabbi before drilling.room); check with funeral home and Rabbi before drilling.
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room); check with funeral home and Rabbi before drilling.room); check with funeral home and Rabbi before drilling.nn SovevSovev (sheet) should be diagonally draped across (sheet) should be diagonally draped across aronaron..nn TallitTallit should be draped in place ready to wrap shoulders (with should be draped in place ready to wrap shoulders (with
one one tzitzittzitzit removed).removed).nn Afar (Israeli earth) should be sprinkled inside.Afar (Israeli earth) should be sprinkled inside.
nn Recite Recite VehuVehuRahumRahum..nn Place pillow sack with straw and afar inside into Place pillow sack with straw and afar inside into aronaron..
Moving into the Moving into the AronAron ContinuedContinued
nn Move body respectfully into Move body respectfully into aronaron, laying , laying meitmeit(ah) gently (ah) gently onto onto sovevsovev..nn If room allows, place If room allows, place aronaron at foot of table, lift from both sides of table, at foot of table, lift from both sides of table,
walk to walk to aronaron and lower and lower meitmeit(ah) into (ah) into aronaron..nn Alternatively, place Alternatively, place aronaron next to table, parallel to it, lift from side of table next to table, parallel to it, lift from side of table
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nn Alternatively, place Alternatively, place aronaron next to table, parallel to it, lift from side of table next to table, parallel to it, lift from side of table and from across and from across aronaron, gently move body into , gently move body into aronaron..
nn Some funeral homes have hydraulic lifts that can easily lift the body.Some funeral homes have hydraulic lifts that can easily lift the body.
nn Always support the head during the move.Always support the head during the move.nn Recite Recite VeloVelo Yavo’uYavo’u..nn Sprinkle afar on eyes, mouth, genitals, heart.Sprinkle afar on eyes, mouth, genitals, heart.nn Recite Recite VekhiperVekhiper AdmatoAdmato AnoAno..
Moving into the Aron ContinuedMoving into the Aron Continued
nn Place pottery shards over eyes and mouth.Place pottery shards over eyes and mouth.nn Wrap Wrap tallittallit over shoulders.over shoulders.nn Wrap Wrap sovevsovev around around meitmeit(ah).(ah).
nn feet, right side, left side, headfeet, right side, left side, head
nn Recite Recite HineiHinei MitatoMitato..
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nn Recite Recite HineiHinei MitatoMitato..nn Entire team asks Entire team asks meitmeit(ah) for forgiveness for any disrespect (ah) for forgiveness for any disrespect
during this procedure.during this procedure.nn Place lid on Place lid on aronaron; some place the lit candle on lid.; some place the lit candle on lid.nn Recite Recite Uvinso’aUvinso’a HamishkanHamishkan..nn Wheel Wheel aronaron (feet first) into area where (feet first) into area where sh’mirahsh’mirah can continue.can continue.
Cleaning UpCleaning Up
nn Team restores order to Team restores order to TaharaTahara room.room.nn Wash and dry boards placed under Wash and dry boards placed under meitmeit(ah).(ah).nn Clean and put away kit contents.Clean and put away kit contents.
Place dirty laundry into appropriate container.Place dirty laundry into appropriate container.
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nn Place dirty laundry into appropriate container.Place dirty laundry into appropriate container.nn Dispose of biohazard materials appropriately.Dispose of biohazard materials appropriately.nn Remove gloves, smocks.Remove gloves, smocks.nn Wash hands ritually, then with soap/hot water.Wash hands ritually, then with soap/hot water.
DebriefingDebriefing
nn Participation in Participation in TaharaTahara is among the most is among the most powerful of human experiences.powerful of human experiences.
nn Intense feelings and reactions are common.Intense feelings and reactions are common.nn Very important to support each other and set Very important to support each other and set
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nn Very important to support each other and set Very important to support each other and set aside time to address and honor these.aside time to address and honor these.nn Immediately after Immediately after TaharaTahara, team should discuss feelings., team should discuss feelings.nn Leader should follow up if team members have issues.Leader should follow up if team members have issues.
nn Confidentiality and sacred space awareness is Confidentiality and sacred space awareness is essential, as is anonymity of those participating.essential, as is anonymity of those participating.
Handling Difficult SituationsHandling Difficult Situations
nn Some Some TaharotTaharot require special effort:require special effort:nn Infectious diseases, must assume the worst. If funeral home Infectious diseases, must assume the worst. If funeral home
gives specific instructions, follow them.gives specific instructions, follow them.nn Violent death Violent death –– sometimes ritual sometimes ritual TaharaTahara cannot be cannot be
performed, or the performed, or the meitmeit(ah) cannot be dressed as usual. Wash (ah) cannot be dressed as usual. Wash as best you can, pour as best you can, lay as best you can, pour as best you can, lay tachrichimtachrichim on the on the
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as best you can, pour as best you can, lay as best you can, pour as best you can, lay tachrichimtachrichim on the on the body if you cannot dress it.body if you cannot dress it.
nn Body wastes and excretions.Body wastes and excretions.nn Fluid flows that are difficult to stop.Fluid flows that are difficult to stop.nn Removal/handling of various medical items attached to the Removal/handling of various medical items attached to the
body.body.nn Leader must decide on the spot how to handle these Leader must decide on the spot how to handle these
situations.situations.
Reference ManualsReference Manualsnn ChesedChesed ShelShel EmetEmet, The Truest Act of Kindness, by Rabbi , The Truest Act of Kindness, by Rabbi
Stuart Stuart KelmanKelman, EKS Publishing Co., Albany, California, 2000, , EKS Publishing Co., Albany, California, 2000, ISBN 0ISBN 0--939144939144--3333--6.6.
nn Guidelines for Performing Guidelines for Performing TaharaTahara, For the , For the ChevraChevra KadishaKadisha of of Northern New Mexico, by Rick Light, 2Northern New Mexico, by Rick Light, 2ndnd Edition, May 2005. Edition, May 2005.
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Northern New Mexico, by Rick Light, 2Northern New Mexico, by Rick Light, 2ndnd Edition, May 2005. Edition, May 2005. Download: Download: http://jewishhttp://jewish--funerals.org/cknm.pdffunerals.org/cknm.pdf
nn PSJCPSJC HevraHevra KadishaKadisha TaharaTahara Manual, Manual, By Rabbi Regina L. By Rabbi Regina L. SandlerSandler--Phillips, 2Phillips, 2ndnd Edition, September 2009, Park Slope Jewish Edition, September 2009, Park Slope Jewish Center, Brooklyn, NY. Center, Brooklyn, NY. Download:Download: http://www.jewishhttp://www.jewish--funerals.org/PSJCTaharaManual.pdffunerals.org/PSJCTaharaManual.pdf
Reference Manuals ContinuedReference Manuals Continuednn TaharaTahara GuideGuide, Prepared for the New Haven , Prepared for the New Haven ChevraChevra KadishaKadisha, ,
By Rabbi By Rabbi YechezkelYechezkel SchlingenbaumSchlingenbaum, New Haven, CT, 1993., New Haven, CT, 1993.
nn TaharaTahara Manual of Practices Manual of Practices Including Including HalachaHalacha Decisions of Decisions of HagaonHagaon HaravHarav Moshe Feinstein, Moshe Feinstein, zt'lzt'l, By Rabbi , By Rabbi MoshaMosha Epstein, Epstein, Bridgeport, CT, 3Bridgeport, CT, 3rdrd Edition, 2005, (Available From Edition, 2005, (Available From KavodKavod
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Bridgeport, CT, 3Bridgeport, CT, 3rdrd Edition, 2005, (Available From Edition, 2005, (Available From KavodKavodv'Nichumv'Nichum).).
nn Also of Interest:Also of Interest:Dignity Beyond DeathDignity Beyond Death, The Jewish Preparation for Burial, By , The Jewish Preparation for Burial, By RochelRochel U. Berman, U. Berman, UrimUrim Publications, Jerusalem, 2005, ISBN Publications, Jerusalem, 2005, ISBN 965965--71087108--6666--7.7.
