Taoism and MDG5

8/2/2019 Taoism and MDG5

1/40


2/40

CONFUCIOUS

551 BC

MO TZU

441 BC

LAO TZU

400 BC


3/40

CONFUCIANISM TAOISM

PROPONENT Confucius Lao Tzu

PERIOD 551 BC 400 BCCENTRAL

IDEAFocus is on man Focus is on nature

VIEW ON

LIFE

Man can reach his

desired end through

his own ability andpower.

The laws of nature are

all-powerful and

existed before man.

It is eternal and un-

changeable.


4/40

CONFUCIANISM TAOISM

VIEW ON

NATURE

Ming: the forces of

the universe are so

strong that man has

no control over it.

People have to takecare of the natural

world, to become part

of nature. Their bodies

and hearts should

belong to nature.

VIEW ON

DUTY

Emphasis is on social

responsibility of man

Emphasis is on what is

natural and

spontaneous in man


5/40

CONFUCIANISM TAOISM

VIEW ON

SOCIAL

PROGRESS

Man has to have anactive part in

developing social

structures for

progress.

Man has to preserve

nature and go with the

flow. Taoism is opposed

to advanced civilization

through forcefulactions of man.


6/40

CONFUCIANISM TAOISM

ADVICE FOR

A GOOD LIFE

A good life is a life

with virtue. Virtue

is acquired throughknowledge and

learning. The more

knowledge man

has, the closer he isto a good life.

No knowledge, no

worries, nothing to waitfor, nothing to be

worried about. This is

the natural condition of

happiness. It is not

necessary to be perfect

or complete. But no

social condition couldlimit our efforts to be

happy, we can lose

anything in society, but

still be happy.


7/40

Confucianism yi(knowledge)

tao (the Way)Taoism


8/40

The wise are not learned;the learned are not wise.

The scholarly intellect

cannot understand thetao because he is

restricted by his own

learning.


9/40

He who knows others is wise.

He who knows himself is enlightened.

- Lao Tzu


10/40

"The goal has to be right for us, and it has to

be beneficial. But more than the goal, it isthe process that is important.

Enjoyment of the process is the secret thaterases the myths of the Great Reward and

Saving Time. By enjoying the process, we

can stretch that awareness out so that it'sno longer only a moment, but covers the

whole thing.


11/40

The approach:

1.Action through inaction* Taoism placed emphasis on

spontaneity.

* Avoid explicit intentions and

strong will and proactively

follow the Tao, to be moreproductive.

* To counter the Tao would

upset the balance.


12/40

The approach:

2. Uselessness is usefulness

* Taoism has respect for

individual differences.

* Each one has to berespected and valued from

natures point of view.


13/40

The approach:

3. Doing nothing(vs doing for nothing)

* Manage change with the

strategy of doing nothing.

* This strategy assures innerstability in man. No need to

fret.


14/40

The TAOIST RULER rule:

Manage a great nation as you

would cook a delicate fish.To govern men in accord with

nature, it is best to be restrained.

When government is lazy andinformal, the people are kind and

honest; when government is

efficient and severe, the people

are discontented and deceitful.


15/40

For Taoism, rulers should do

nothing for their people. If rulers

take no action, and the people

nurture each other; make no laws,

and the people deal fairly with

each other. Own no interest, and

the people cooperate with each

other. Express no desire, and thepeople harmonize with each

other.


16/40

The most important matter is

individual freedom.

The more morals and taboos

there are, the more crueltyafflicts people.

People are advised to follow the

laws of nature and to avoid

societal norms.


17/40

Taoism asks people not

to be concerned aboutmatters of birth and

death. It is better

to forget the truth ofthe real conditions of

life, and the truth of

the human condition.


18/40

UNDP - MDG 5

(improve maternal health)

in the light of TAOISM


19/40

TARGET for MDG5:

1. reduce by three quarters (75%)

the maternal mortality ratio

* Maternal mortality ratio

* Proportion of births attended byskilled health personnel


20/40

TARGET for MDG5:

2. Achieve, by 2015, universal

access to reproductive health

* Contraceptive prevalence rate

* Adolescent birth rate

* Antenatal care coverage

* Unmet need for family planning


21/40

Pace of progress of the Philippines in terms of attaining the target

Targets and Indicators Pace of

progress

Probability of

attaining the target

Reduce by three quarters,

between 1990 to 2015, the

maternal mortality ratio

Maternal mortality ratio

0.47 low

Achieve, by 2015, universal

access to reproductive health

Contraceptive prevalence rate

0.27 low

Based on the 2010 Philippines Progress report on the

Millennium Developments Goals (MDGs)


22/40

Targets and IndicatorsPace of

progress

Probability of

attaining the

target





0.47 low

MMR is defined as the number of maternal deaths per

100,000 live births. The indicator on maternal health status

is disturbing. Based on data from the 1993 and 1998

National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS), MMR

went down to 172 deaths from a 1993 baseline figure of

209 deaths. In 2006, it declined to only 162 deaths.


23/40

Targets and IndicatorsPace of

progress

Probability of

attaining the

target





0.47 low

The target reduction in MMR is 52 deaths per

100,00 live births in 2015. In view of the fact that

the decline has slowed down considerably andappears to have stalled, this goal has been

identified as the least likely to be achieved for the

Philippines.


24/40

Out of three (3) million pregnancies

every year:

A. 1.5 M were unplanned

* 5M end in abortions

B. Induced abortion was the fourth

leading cause of maternal deaths.

* 17% are young women


25/40

C. More than 50% of births occur at home

* 1/3 were assisted by traditional birthattendants

D. 75% of the poorest quintile: no accessto skilled birth attendants

There is a need to improve prenatal and

postnatal services and special competencies

of SBAs to reduce neonatal mortality.


26/40

Targets and Indicators Pace of

progress

Probability of

attaining the target

Achieve, by 2015, universalaccess to reproductive health

Contraceptive prevalence rate

0.27 low

Universal access to sexual and reproductive

health education, information, and services

improves health, saves lives and reduces

poverty. The slow decline in MMR may betraced to inadequate access to integrated

reproductive health services by women,

including poor adolescents and men.


27/40

The countrys total fertility rate (TFR)based on the 2006 report was 3.2 births

per woman. This is a slight decline from

the 2003 TFR of 3.5 children per woman.

Among the regions, Region 4-B posted

the highest TFR (4.1), while NCR, thelowest.

A.


28/40

On the contraceptive prevalence rate

(CPR), the percentage of currently

married women ages 15-49 years using

contraceptives slightly changed from 49%in 2001 to 50.6% in 2006.

* Central Luzon: 58.9 %

* Cagayan Valley: 58.6%* Southern Mindanao: 57.2%

* ARMM: 20%

B.


29/40

The unmet need for family planning

was 15.7% in 2006, showing a decline

from the 1998 figure of 19.8%.* ARMM: 29.7%

* Cagayan Valley: 9.7%

C.


30/40

Therefore, there is the need to

actively promote family planning andresponsible parenthood most

especially, for low-income households.

Without access to FP techniques, the

actual number of children of poor

families generally exceeds desiredfamily size.


31/40

Taoism recommends that we take care of our

bodies and live healthily.

At the societal level there is also

evidence that concern for health

adds to happiness:

the greater the share of the

national income invested in health

care, the happier citizens are on anaverage. Average happiness is

higher in nations where people feel

most healthy and live longest.


32/40

Taoism is not a tolerant philosophy. It

stresses freedom, but this freedomdoes not include the freedom of

choice.

Taoism agrees with Confucianism onthe importance of reflection. Both

philosophies want people to care

about their real lives. But Taoism takesa very different route to achieve this

aim: it does not stress the importance

of the rule of law.


33/40

Taoism only cares about the natural

condition of a good life. The ideal

society is a native society.

Morality is considered to be the

distortion of peoples natural and

native life, and will only decrease

happiness.


34/40

Taoism is a negative philosophy of

social life, but a positive philosophy of

natural life.

Taoism is pessimistic: happiness is

possible, but only if you are wise

enough to realize that you can do littleabout it. The good life can be reached

if you cease to try to make things

better for yourself.


35/40

A simple life is the best life.

Taoism argues against the

development of wisdom in

people. For Taoism, children

are the happiest and most

healthy human beings.


36/40

If one does not see desirablethings, ones mind would not

be disturbed.

People have to resist seduction,temptation and interferences

from the social and political

world.


37/40

To know the Way,

We go the Way;

We do the Way

The way we do

The things we do.

It's all there in front of you,

But if you try too hard to see it,

You'll only become confused.


38/40

I am me,

And you are you,

As you can see.

But when you do

The things that you can do,

You will find the Way,

And the Way will follow you. Benjamin Hoff, The Tao of Pooh


39/40

ADVICE FOR A GOOD LIFE

Confucianism: Be involved in real life.

Classic Taoist: Follow the Tao instead of being a

social conformist and bookish.


40/40

Presented by:

b

Date post:	06-Apr-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	yzoleon
View:	237 times
Download:	0 times

Taoism and MDG5

Documents