Td-lte for Dummies – Principle [Autosaved]

8/18/2019 Td-lte for Dummies – Principle [Autosaved]

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TD-LTE FOR DUMMIES– PRINCIPLE

Yuan



Frame

• TS 0.5ms

• Sub-frame 1ms !TS

• Frame 10ms 10sub-frame "same #$%& FDD $n %$me

• D$(eren% #$%& FDD TDD &as 1)r! s*e+$a, sub-frame#&$+& $s D#PTS P an/ U*PTS

• D$(eren% #$%& TD-SCDM TD-LTE +an +&ane %&e ras*e+$a, TS #&$,e TD-SCDM +an2% a,s) TD-LTE2s a,$n*er$)/ $s 1ms #&$,e TD-SCDM $s 5ms.



Res)ur+e e,emen%s

• RE3 Sma,,es% %$me /)ma$n res)ur+e e,emen%s )ne sub-+arr$er "154fre7uen+8 /)ma$n 1 OFDM s8mb), $n %$me /)ma$n"191:ms'.

• R;3 m$n$mum *&8s$+a, s+&e/u,ab,e res)ur+e $n #$re,ess /a%a +&ann$n u*,$n< an/ /)#n,$n<.

• 1R;= OFDM s8mb),s $n %$me /)ma$n 1! +)n%$nu)us sub-fre7uen+

fre7uen+8 /)ma$n >:RE• RE "res)ur+e e,emen% r)u*' :RE

• CCE "+)n%r), +&anne, e,emen%'?@RE PDCC %rans*)r% res)ur+eun$% )f CCE

•



P&8s$+a, +&anne,

• Number re/u+e/ /ue %) PS +&anne, )n,8 #$%&)u% CS+&anne,

• @ /)#n,$n< +& ? u*,$n< +&

Abbreviation

Detail Function Correspondchannel in T

SCDMA/)#n,$n<

PDSC P&8s$+a,/)#n,$n<s&are +&anne,

;arr$er )f /)#n,$n< /a%a S-PDSC

PDCC P&8s$+a,/)#n,$n<+)n%r),+&anne,

;arr$er )f /)#n,$n< +)n%r), s$na,$n+,u/$n /)#n,$n< s+&e/u,e )r u*,$n<au%&en%$+a%$)n A +arr8 )ne "r)u*'subs2$nf) *er PDCC

S-SCC &$s*ee/ *&8s$+/)#n,$n< +)n+&anne,

PCFIC P&8s$+a,+)n%r), f)rma%$n/$+a%)r

+&anne,

In/$+a%e %&a% number )f OFDM s8mb),s)++u*$e/ b8 PDCC +an2% be 19!9?9:OFDM s8mb),s

N9

PIC P&8s$+a, RB RB +)nrm messae )f u*,$n< E-IC



P&8s$+a, +&anne, "+)n%$nu)u

D)#n,$n< P;C ;r)a/+as% ;r)a/+as% bas$+ $nf) )f +e,, $n+,u/$n %&e+)nura%$)n )f %erm$na, #&en $n$%$a, a++ess

PCCPC+)mm)n*&8s$+a,

PMC P&8s$+a, mu,%$+as%+&anne,

T) su**)r% %&e mu,%$me/$a an/ br)a/+as%ser$+e

MCC Msu**)r% +urren%,8

U*,$n< PUSC U*,$n< s&ar$n ;arr$er )f u*,$n< /a%a E-PUC

PUCC u*,$n< +)n%r),+&anne,

S+&e/u,e re7ues% an/ /)#n,$n< RB -DPC

PRC P&8s$+a, a++ess+&anne,

Use/ &en $n$%$a, a++ess &an/)errees%ab,$s&

E-RUCC



C)erae $n/$+a%)rs

• RSRP referen+e s$na, re+e$e/ P)#er aerae )f sRE *)#er $n measure/ ban/#$/%&

• RSSI re+e$e/ s$na, s%ren%& $n/$+a%)r a,, s$na,s2s%ren%&

• RSRB referen+e s$na, re+e$e/ 7ua,$%8 NRSRP9R$s %&e number )f RE $n measure/ ban/#$/%&

• RS-SINR referen+e s$na, –s$na, %) $n%erferen+e*,usGn)$se ra%$) $n/$+a%)r use/ $n ne%#)r< *,ann$n)*%$m$Ha%$)n



C)nne+%$)n M)/e

• T#) m)/e )n,8 +&an$n $n 100ms fas%er %&an ?.

1. I/,e m)/e UE &as n) +)nne+% #$%& s8s%em n) )++u*8 )f nres)ur+e

!. C)nne+%e/ m)/e RRC +)nne+%$)n a,rea/8 es%ab,$s&e/ b9#

an/ s8s%em.

Status Network operation Terminal operation

RRCIDLE • Can +)n DRJ "n)n-+)n%$nu)us %ransm$%' f)r UE

• M)n$%)r *a$n f)r +a,,e/ s8s%em $nf)+&an$n

• Ne$&b)r +e,, measuremen% an/ +e,,se,e+%$)n9re-se,e+%$)n

• M)b$,$%8 +)n%r),,e/ b8 UE

RRCCONNECTED

• TJ9RJ s$n,e br)a/+as% /a%a#$%& UE

• Can +)n DRJ "n)n-+)n%$nu)us %ransm$%' f)r UE

• M)b$,$%8 +)n%r),,e/ b8 ne%#)r<.

• M)n$%)r *a$n +&anne,9s8s%em $nf)+&an$n

• Inf) fee/ba+< an/ +&anne, 7ua,$%8 /e,$er• Ne$&b)r +e,, measuremen% an/ re*)r%• Rea/$n s8s%em $nf)



M)/e s&$f%$n

• Term$na,"UE' a%%a+& %&e ne%#)r< $n $/,e m)/e.

• UE nee/ $n$%$a, %&e RRC +)nne+%$)n

• UE m)/e an/ MME m)/e are %&e same

• S&$f%$n %$me fr)m $/,e %) +)nne+% ,ess %&an 100ms. I%2s %&

control plane delay .• F)r en/ %) en/ /a%a ,a%en+8 "user plane delay ' measur

K*$n /e,a8 fr)m UE %) s8s%em n)rma, a,ue $s ,ess %&a

• Ce,, &an/)er /e,a8 ,ess %&an 100ms.



BCI

• BCI"B)S +,ass I/en%$er' %) +)n%r), bearer +,ass f)r %ransm$ss$)n sus+&e/u,$n #e$&%ae a++ess %&res&),/ %&res&),/ )f 7ueue manaem,$n< ,a8er *r)%)+), +)nura%$)n.C! "esource

type#riority

$atency delay o% datapacket

"atio o% packetloss

Service e&ample

1 ;R ! 100ms 10-! )$+e

! : 150ms 10-? $/e) sess$)n（ rea,

,$e）

? ? 50ms 10-? Rea, ame

: 5 ?00ms 10-@ N)n sess$)n "+a+&e

s%ream$n'5 N)n-;R 1 100ms 10-@ IMS s$na,$n

@ @ ?00ms 10-@ $/e)"+a+&es%ream$n' TCP %ra($### E-ma$, FTP

= = 100ms 10-@ )$+e $/e) sess$)n $n%era+%$)n ame

> > ?00ms 10-@ $/e) "+a+&es%ream$n'TCP base/ ser$+e



n%enna *)r% an/ *&8s$+a,

• > *&8s$+a, *)r%s an%enna ---> *a%&

• Mu,%$ *&8s$+a, *)r%s – ma**$n %) )ne an%enna



UE +a*ab$,$%8 an/ fre7uen+

ban/• UE nee/ re*)r% )#n +a*ab$,$%8 %) ne%#)r< #&en a%%a

$n+,u/$n ers$)n $nf) #&$,e !9? UEs &ae n) su+&re7u$remen%

• 1! fre7uen+8 ban/ f)r TD-LTE as *er ?PP

• In C&$na F"b)%& UMTS u*9/)#n' E"!?00M'D"!@



In%erferen+e

• In%er an/ $n%ra +e,, $n%er $s %&e ma)r +)n%r$bu%)r.

• In%er-s8s%em• ;,)+<$n $n%erferen+e DCS1>00 PS

• In%erm)/u,a%$)n $n%erferen+e DCS1>00

• s*ur$)us em$ss$)n $n%erferen+e DCS1>00 PS2• SM &arm)n89$n%erm)/u,a%$)n $nferen+e SM00



Rem)%e $n%ra-fre7uen+8

$n%erferen+e• T&e /)#n,$n< s$na, )f Rem)%e TJ ma8 arr$e #$%& ,)

/e,a8 #&$+& eQ+ee/ %&e P "*r)%e+%$)n a*')f TDD s.

• ;ase/ )n P TD-SCDM +an %),era%e %&e $n%erferen

fr)m !!.5<m• C)nura%$)n )f %&e SP "s*e+$a, s,)%s ' +an be a,$n

!1:.?<m #&en SP $s +)nure/ as ?33! $%2s :!.><m#&en 103!3!



PCI an/ m)/e? /$s%urb

• P&8s$+a, +e,, $/en%$er $%2s %&e rs% ne%#)r< $nf) #&en UE

• 50: $n LTE e7ua, %) /es+ramb,e +)/e $n ? an/ ;CC $n

• PCI /e+$/e/ %&e ,)+a%$)n )f CSR"+e,, +)mm)n referen+e' ##&$+& UE use/ %) ea,ua%e %&e auQ$,$ar8 *a%&.

• M)/e? /$s%urb CSR &as %&ree ,)+a%$)ns $n fre7uen+8 /)m%&ere #$,, &ae $n%erferen+e #&en ! )r ? nearb8 +e,, use %&PCI ma8 resu,% $n m$s-measuremen% .

• $m*a+% %&e /a%a eQ*er$en+e een $n ,)# ,)a/ *&ase



RF In/$+a%)rs )f e-n)/e;

• TJ *)#er 7ua,$%8 +a*ab$,$%8 )f an%$-$n%erferen+e $n%erna, an/ eQ%erna,.

• RJ re+e$e sens$%$$%8 /8nam$+ rane )f re+e$es$na, se,e+% )f $n%erna, *a%& an/ a/a+en% *a%& an%

b,)+<$n an/ $n%erm)/u,a%$)n )f re+e$ers .• Ref %) ?PP [email protected]:



In/$+a%)rs )f UE

• Ref ?PP [email protected]!1-1

• TJ maQ P)#er !?/bm err)r )f e+%)r man$%u/e 1=.5 #&en BPS4 $%2s 1!.5 #&en 1@BM

• RJ Sens$%$$%8 -?.?/bm +a*ab$,$%8 )f an%$-

$n%erferen+e an/ +a*ab$,$%8 )f /em)/u,a%$)n $n+,u/$nPDSC an/ PDCC



Sens$%$$%8 )f e-N)/e; re+e$

• Re,a%e/ %) %&ree fa+%)rs3

• ;an/#$/%&

• T&erma, n)$se

• N)$se fa+%)r )f re+e$er

• SNR m$n S %) N ra%$)



eN)/e;

• Es%ab,$s& an/ re,ease )f Ra/$) ,$n< s+&e/u,e an//$s%r$bu%$)n )f ra/$) res)ur+e ma$n%enan+e )f ra/$)

• M)b$,$%8 manaemen% +)nure UE %) measuremenea,ua%$)n 7ua,$%8 )f ra/$) ,$n<

• )#eer ;TS an/ N)/e; $n SM an/ ? %a<e %&eres*)ns$b$,$%8 )f ra/$) %Q an/ rQ an/ +)nne+%$)n )f Ura/$) ,$n< )n,8 #$%&)u% %&e fun+%$)n )f ma$n%enan+emanaemen% )f ra/$) ,$n< .



S%ru+%ure an/ ma)r e,emen

• MME3

1. NS s$na,$n an/ $%s safe

!. Manaemen% )f Tra+<$n area

?. Se,e+%$)n )f P- an/ S-

:. Se,e+%$)n )f SSN #&en !9? &an/)er

5. u%&en%$+a%$)n

@. R)am$n +)n%r), an/ bearer manaemen%

=. M)b$,$%8 manaemen%

>. a$,ab$,$%8 manaemen% #&en UE $n $/,e m)/e

• S-

1. T&e a%e#a8 en/e/ a% E-UTRN $n%erfa+e

!. L)+a, an+&)r *)$n% #&en +u%)er b9# eN)/e;

?. La#fu, $n%er+e*% *)$n%

:. R)u%$n an/ f)r#ar/ )f *a+<e% /a%a

5. Pa+<e% ,abe, )f u*9/)#n ,$n<

@. Pa+<e% bu(er an/ *a$n %r$er +&ar$n &en I/,e m)/e

SGi

S12

S3

S1-MME

PCRF

Gx

S6a

HSS

S1$

%E

SGS&

E-%)

eNodeB

MME

S11

*2

Servi+!Gate,a

P.&Gate,a

S1-%

S/

UTRAN

GERAN

• P-1. Pa+<e% ,%er base/ )n subs!. La#fu, $n%er+e*%?. D$s%r$bu%$)n )f UE IP a//r:. Pa+<e% ,abe, )f u*9/)#n ,$n5. C&ar$n@. B)S +)n%r),



MME s SSN

• MME &as +)n%r), *,ane )n,8 n) user *,ane

• SSN &as b)%& +)n%r), an/ user *,ane fun+%$)n

• MME3 a++ess +)n%r), m)b$,$%8 sess$)n e,emen%sse,e+%$)n

• SSN3 /a%a ser$+e s %ransfer $n user *,ane an/ submanaemen% +$*&er an/ au%&en%$+a%$)n m)b$,$%8sess$)n ,)$+ ,$n< manaemen% r)u%$n an/ %ransf+rea%$n an/ )u%*u%.



MME *)),

• MMEs ,$n<e/ #$%& a,, eN)/e; $n $%s *)),.

• eN)/e; se,e+% UE2s MME base/ )n MME2s ,)a/.

• enera,,8 UE #$,, n)% +&ane ser$+e MME #&en s%&e *)), area



S- an/ P-

• S- en/e/ a% E-UTRN $n%erfa+e user *,ane /a%a*a+<e%2s r)u%e an/ %ransfer su**)r% &an/)er b9#/$(eren% ?PP RN ne%#)r< %&e an+&)r *)$n% #&en&an/)er.

• P- en/ a% SI $n%erfa+e "eQ%erna, ne%#)r< su+& a$n%erne% an/ IMS' %&e an+&)r *)$n% #&en s&$f% %) n)?PP RN"LN IMJ' res*)ns$b,e f)r DCP $m*,emen%a%$)n +&ar$n

• S5 b9#



D)ma$n name )f e,emen%s

• T)* /)ma$n name $s %&e /$(eren% b9# LTE an/ !9?.

• EPC %)* /)ma$n name $s 3 ?**ne%#)r<.)r #&$,e PRS2s $s

• MME serer2s IDmme+MMEC.mme$MMEI.mme.e*+.mn+MNC.m++.?**ne%#)r<.)r

• SE- SSDR s ID e,emen% name.+$%8 name .abb )f *r)

n)/e.e*+.mn+MNC.m++MCC.?**ne%#)r<.)r

• un$7ue $/en%$er $n #)r,/



S1

• In%erfa+e b9# E-UTRN an/ EPC ,$<e b $n SM an/ Iu $n ?

1. C)ns$s% )f S1-C"%) MME' an/ S!-U"Ser$n-' %#) *ar%.

!. Manaemen% fun+%$)n )f SE ;earer ser$+e su+& as es%ab,$s& an/ r

?. UE s m)b$,$%8 manaemen% #&en LTEa+%$e s%a%us su+& as $n%ra-L)er an/ $n%ra-?PP-RT &an/ )er .

:. S1 *a$n5. NS s$na,$n %ransm$ss$)n an/ n)/e se,e+%$)n

@. Ne%#)r< s&are fun+%$)n

=. R)am$n an/ area ,$m$%

>. $n$%$a, +)n%eQ% es%ab,$s&



J!

• b9# eN)/e; J!-C an/ J!-U

• J!-U user /a%a b9# eN)/e; #&en UE s&$f% fr)m )neN)/e; %) an)%&erA base/ )n IP %ransm$ss$)n an/ T*r)%)+),

• J!-C J!-P ,)a/ $n/$+a%)r &an/)er %&res&),/ an/&an/)er +r$%er$)n



Tra+<$n area

• S$m$,ar L $n ! an/ R $n ? T $s %&e +)n+e*% )f UE ,)+a%$)n manaT $s %&e ,)+a%$)n area $n *)+<e% /)ma$n

• C)re <n)# %&e T Of UE #&en $/,e A#&en *a$n #$,, *ae a,, +e,, $n

• Tra+<$n area ,$s% +)ns$s% )f fe# T ass$ne/ %) UE n) nee/ T u*/aUE s&$f% $n ,$s%e/ T .

• D)#n,$n< 3 P----S----MME"+&e+< UE2s TI ,$s% '---*a$n

• TU %ra+<$n area u*/a%e u*/a%e %&e user %) MEE an/ MSC.



PDN +)nne+%$)n

• IP C)nne+%$)n b9# UE an/ EPC s$m$,ar %) PDP $n !9?.

• Ne%#)r< +an s%ar% %&e /e/$+a%e/ bearer es%ab,$s& *r)+ess su**)r% /$(eren% B)S ,ee,.

• Defau,% bearer %&e f)reer )n,$ne bearer es%ab,$s&e/ #&en $n$%$a, %) uaran%ee $%s bas$+ ser$+e n)n-;R

• Eer8 PDN +)nne+%$)n &ae a /efau,% bear an/ IP a//ress. I%s B)Sfr)m %&e SS UE #$,, sus%a$n %&$s bearer /ur$n PDN +)nne+%$)n.

• De/$+a%e bearer +an su**,8 /$(eren% B)S f)r )ne IP9UE2s /$(eren%

• One PDN +an &ae mu,%$-/e/$+a%e/ bearer ;R an/ n)n-;R are*)ss$b,e.



ISR

• I/,e s%a%e S$na,,$n Re/u+%$)n re/u+e %&e ,)+a%$)nu*/a%e s$na,,$n .

• &en ISR $s )n %erm$na, #$,, re$s%ere/ $n MME an/SSN b)%& &ae s$na,,$n +)nne+%$)n #$%& S-. T

$s n) TU an/ RU *r)+ess $n$%$a%e/ #&en $/,e %ermr)am$n b9# E-UTRN an/ ERN9UTRN.

• In+rease/ %&e +)m*,eQ /eree su+& as #&en /)#n,)/a%a +)me nee/ *ae $n SSN an/ MME.



PN-M;R an/ UE-M;R

• M;R area%e maQ$mum b$% ra%e

• PN-M;R $s ab)u% s*e+$+ PN %&e u* ,$m$% )f %&)f n)n-;R barr$ers.

• UE-M;R $s ab)u% s*e+$+ UE %&e u* ,$m$% )f %&e su

a,, n)n-;R barr$ers an/ a,, PNs2. 4ee* $n SS $nfbe %ransferre/ %) MME.



SS s LR

• LR !9? subs2 *r)$s$)n /a%a an/ /8nam$+ /a%a.

• EPC-SS LRV: subs2 /$ame%er *r)%)+), SMME S@/ %) SSN

• IMS-SS ,)+a%e/ $n IMS /)ma$n LRVIMS ser$

/$ame%er *r)%)+),CQ9DQ %) CSCF

•



D$ame%er an/ MP

• Dene/ b8 RF?5>>"RF@=??' $%s eQ%ens$)n usae $n LTE $/ene/ b8 ?PP su+& as S@a /ene/ b8 !.!=!

• MP use/ $n !9? #&$,e D$ame%er been #$/e,8 use/ $n EPCC an/ IMS

• MP %rans*)r% $n = s$na,,$n ne%#)r< base/ )n %#) me%&DPC an/ T #&$,e D$ame%er &ae re,a8"DPC' an/Pr)Q8"T' an/ re/$re+% an/ %rans,a%$)n

• MP base/ )n OSI ,a8er s%ru+%ure #ea< $n eQ%ens$)n D$ame%er $s eas8 %) eQ%ens$)n #$%& $%s Wa% *r)%)+),



DR

• D$ame%er r)u%$n aen% STP $n S=

• STP2 a//ress$n $s base/ )n DPC an/ TA #&$,e DR +an be/)ma$n &)s%name IMSI9MSISDN a**,$+a%$)n $n%erfa+e "S@ PN UE IP e%+.

• In %ransfer DR $s m)re +)m*,eQ &as %) s%)rae %&e

ma$n%enan+e s$na,,$n K%ransa+%$)n Ksess$)n su+& as saOP-;8-OP ID

• Nee/ %) s%)rae %&e UE2s sess$)n $nf) $n PCC bun/,e .

• S8n+&r)n$Ha%$)n $s nee/e/ ;9 DR #&en emere $n *a$r



S8s%em $nf)

• S8s%em $nf) +)ns$s% )f MI;"mas%er $nf)rma%$)n b,)+< ,)+a%e/ $n subf)f ea+& frame :0ms *er$)/' an/ SI;"s8s%em $nf)rma%$)n b,)+< SI;1-

• MI;3 bas$+ $nf) s8s%em frame number s8s%em ban/#$/%& PIC

1. SI;1 $nf) f)r a++ess )f UE

!. SI;! +)mm)n an/ s&ar$n +&anne, $nf)

?. SI;? Ce,, re-se,e+%$)n

• UE /ene ne%#)r< as TDD )r FDD base/ re,a%e/ *)s$%$)n )f *r$mar8s8n+&r)n$Ha%$)n an/ se+)n/ s8n+&r)n$Ha%$)n.

• Pr)+ess )f UE se,e+% ne%#)r< $n+,u/e PLMN se,e+%$)n +e,, se,e+%$)n resear+&



Ce,, se,e+%$)n

• Sear+& ,, fre7uen+8 )r s*e+$+ fre7uen+8 #&en $n$%

• Se,e+% a ma)r fre7uen+8 an/ +&e+< %&e PSS se$He %&s8n+ )f %$mes,)%---+&e+< %&e SSS se$He %&e s8n+ )f fr/em)/u,a%$)n P;C e% MI; #&$+& $n+,u/$n an%en

*)r%s s8s%em ban/#$/%& s8s%em frame number---/em)/u,a%$)n PCFIC*/++&*/s+&

• &en a%%a+&e/ an $n$%$a, +)n%eQ% bearer $s es%ab,$s&



S-9P- se,e+%$)n

• &en $n$%$a, a%%a+& an/ PDP ,$n< +)nne+% MME e% 2s &)s%s ,$s% base/ )n TI name an/ $n7u$r$n resDNSA an/ %&en P- &)s%s ,$s% base/ )n PN /)ma$n$n7u$r$n resu,% )f DNS..

• &en $n$%$a, PDP $n !9TD ne%#)r< n SSN #$,, seEPC e,emen%s base/ )n UE2s KEPC +a*a+$%8 e,/. Kre+)r/ $n7u$r$n $s use/ %) se,e+% mere/ SN9P-#&en UE +&e+< %&$s DNS an/ &as %&$s e,/ A Kn re+#$,, be use/ %) se,e+% SN #&en +&e+< %&e DNS #$%&e e,/.



Ran/)m a++ess *r)+ess

• S+ener$es f)r C)m*e%$n ran/)m a++ess 3 arr$$n )f u*,$n< arr/)#n,$n< RRC es%ab,$s& RRC re-es%ab,$s& &an/)er

• Pr)+ess )f +)m*e%$n ran/)m a++ess3 UE sen/ ran/)m a++essse7uen+e *reamb,e $n PRC---eN)/e; re*,8 %&e ran/)m a++esres*)nse #$%& %&e number )f *reamb,e an/ T "u*,$n< a,$nmen

PUSC a,$nmen% $nf) $n PDSC---UE sen/ u*,$n< "PUSC' s$#$%& %&e UE ID su+& as TMSI---eN)/e; sen/ ba+< +)m*e%$n s)$nf) #$%& %&e un$7ue UE ID.

• N)n- +)m*e%$n ran/)m a++ess use/ $n &an/)er an/ /)#n,$n< arr$$n. UE use %&e Q *reamb,e ass$ne/ b8 eN)/e;.



Transm$ss$)n m)/e

• &en an%enna &as 1 *)r% %&e %ransm$ss$)n m)/e )fne%#)r< s&)u,/ be 1 #&$+& #$,, be ann)un+e/ $n P;

• &en ! )r : *)r%s %&e %ransm$ss$)n m)/e )f ne%#)be ! means %ransm$%%er /$ers$%8 .

• M)/e +an be a/us%e/ b8 ne%#)r< s$/e base/ )n ra/7ua,$%8 .



Measuremen% me+&an$sm $n $/an/ +)nne+%$)n s%a%e

• Tr$er3 ne%#)r< +)nure *arame%er )f +e,, se,e+%$re-se,e+%$)n %&r)u& br)a/+as% $nf) #&en $/,eA #&en+)nne+%$)n ne%#)r< #$,, use RRC +)nne+%$)n %) +)nmeasuremen% +)mman/.

• *ur*)se3 +e,, se,e+%$)n an/ rese,e+%$)n base/ )n RSR$/,eA &an/)er base/ )n RSRP )r RSRB.

• Rane3 RSRP )f ,)+a, an/ a/a+en% +e,,s #&en $/,eA Ran/ RSRB )f a/a+en% +e,,s.



u%&en%$+a%$)n

• LTE s8s%em use EPS 4 f)r au%&en%$+a%$)n ESSNO? an/ 6U f)r +$*&er .

• N) eN)/e; $n),e/ $n %&$s : e,emen%s r)u*au%&en%$+a%$)n me+&an$sm.



Tr$ers )f measuremen% re*

• In%ra s8s%em 1-@ an/ $n%er s8s%em ;1-;!.'('NT

')#$ANAT!*N

1 &en ser$+e +e,, s$na, $s rea%er %&an %&res&),/ $n 7ua,$%8 an/ s%ren%&

! &en ser$+e +e,, s$na, $s ,ess %&an %&res&),/ $n 7ua,$%8 an/ s%ren%&

? &en a/a+en% +e,, s$na, &as m)re s*e+$+ a,ue %&an ser$+e +e,, $n 7ua,$%8 an/ s%ren%& f)r m)b$,$%8 manaemen%

: &en a/a+en% +e,, s$na, $s rea%er %&an %&res&),/ a,ue. F)r m)b$,$%8 an/ ,)a/ ba,an+emanaemen%

5 &en ser$+e +e,, s$na, $s ,ess %&an %&res&),/ 1 $n 7ua,$%8 an/ s%ren%& an/ a/a+en% +e,,2s $rea%er %&an %&res&),/ !

@ &en a/a+en% +e,,2s $s be%%er %&an S+e,,"se+)n/ 9auQ$,$ar8 +e,,' s*e+$+ a,ue . Use/ $n+arr$er area%$)n s+ener8

;1 /a+en% +e,,2s $n )%&er "an/ a/an+e/ $n m)s% +ases'RN s8s%em $s be%%er

;! &en ser$+e +e,, s$na, $s ,ess %&an %&res&),/ 1 $n 7ua,$%8 an/ s%ren%& an/ a/a+en% +e,,2s$n /$(eren% RN s8s%em $s rea%er %&an %&res&),/ !



&an/)er

• S)ur+e eN)/e; +)nure %&e UE f)r measuremen% #&en +)n/$%$)n arUE #$,, re*)r%

• eN)/e; ma<e a u/men% base/ )n re*)r% an/ RRM ,)r$%&m. I% #$,,&an/)er re7ues% %) %are% eN)/e; $f nee/

• Tare% eN)/e; #$,, +arr8 )u% %&e a++ess +)n%r), "en)u& res)ur+e X' a

• S)ur+e eN)/e; #$,, be sen/ &an/)er $ns%ru+%$)n %) UE

• UE #$,, s%)* +)mmun$+a%$)n #$%& s)ur+e eN)/e; an/ s%ar% ran/)m a+*r)+ess #$%& %are% eN)/e; u*,$n< s8n+ an/ e% T

• Tare% eN)/e; $e T %) UE an/ a,$nmen% u*,$n<.

• UE sen/ &an/)er +)m*,e%e/ messae %) %are% eN)/e



In%er-s8s%em &an/)er

• S$m$,ar %) !9? &an/)er ? s%e*s

1. Measuremen% an/ &an/)er %&res&),/

!. an/)er *re*ara%$)n

?. an/)er eQe+u%e



D)#n,$n< +)n%r), +&anne,

• C2s D$s%r$bu%$)n an/ res)ur+e are /$(eren% #$%& ?. In+,u/$n3

• P;C $m*)r%an% s8s%em $nf) :0ms +$r+,e %&e s%ar% : +)n%$nu)us OFDM s8mb)sub-frame2s se+)n/ TS $n %$me /)ma$n #&$,e $n fre7uen+8 /)ma$n $% )++u*$e/ =+arr$ers $n %&e ban/#$/%& 1.0>M .

• PDCC bearers2 a,$nmen% an/ )%&er +)n%r), $nf). Fr)n% Kn OFDM s8mb),s One PDCC +an %ransm$%%e/ $n )ne )r mu,%$ +)n%$nu)us CCEs "+)n%r), +&anne,

e,emen% ' LTE su**)r% area%$)n /eree )f 1!:> CCEs

• PCFI $n/$+a%e %&a% number )f s8mb), $n ea+& sub-frame +)n%r), area. L)+ars% OFDM s8mb), $n %$me /)ma$n ma**$n $n RE"res)ur+e e,emen% r)u*1RE:RE'$n fre7uen+8.

• PIC fee/ba+< )f +)rre+%ness )f u*,$n< ser$+e C49NC4 .

•



PUCC

• U*,$n< +)n%r), $nf) %ransm$%%e/ $n b)%& en/s )f u*,ban/#$/%& %) a+&$ee %&e fre7uen+8 /$ers$%8 . Fe#f)rma% as %ab,e be,)#3%ormat +C! uplink control in%o Modulation Number o% bit in

sub-%rame Mbit

1 s+&e/u,e re7ues% "SR' N9 N9

1a 1 b$% RB C49NC4 V#$%&9#$%&)u% SR

;PS4 1

1b ! b$% RB C49NC4 V#$%&9#$%&)u% SR

BPS4 !

! CBI BPS4 !0

!a CBI V 1 b$% RB C49NC4 BPS4V;PS4 !1

!b CBI V ! b$% RB C49NC4 BPS4V;PS4 !!



D)#n,$n<9u*,$n< +)n%r),

• PCFIC $n/$+a%e %&e s8mb), number )f PDCC PDCC$n/$+a%e %&e ,)+a%$)n )f PDSC

• PUCC +arr$e/ %&e C49NC4 )f RB s+&e/u,e re7uCBI"+&anne, 7ua,$%8' an/ +)n%r), $nf) )f u*,$n<.

• One UE #an%s %ransm$% UCI $n sub-frame Kn

• UCI #$,, %ransm$% %) eN)/e;9ne%#)r< #$%& PUSC #&eUE &as been ass$ne/ PUSC res)ur+e $n %&$s sub-fram

• $,, use UCI f)rma% %) %ransm$% $n PUCC #&en n)% as



PDCC

• Carr$e/ DCI 10 DCI f)rma% $n LTE R>

DC!%ormat

#urpose !n%ormation

DCI 0 S+&e/u,e )f u*,$n< %ransm$ss$)n

DCI 1 S+&e/u,e )f s$n,e +)/e %ransm$ss$)n %) su**)r%/$s%r$bu%$)n R; ass$nmen%

DCI 1 C)m*a+% s+&e/u,e )f s$n,e m)/e %ransm$ss$)n

su**)r% +)n%$nu)us fre7uen+8 R; ass$nmen%DCI 1; C)m*a+% s+&e/u,e )f s$n,e m)/e %ransm$ss$)n

#$%& *r)-+)/$n

DCI 1C F)r ,ess $nf) re+e$e/ b8 mu,%$ Ues su+& as*a$n ran/)m a++ess

DCI 1D F)r *er-+)/$n

DCI ! D)ub,e +)/es

DCI ! D)ub,e +)/$n #$%& *r)-+)/$n



PUCC f)rma%

• F)rma%1 use/ f)r s+&e/u,e re7ues%"SR'

• F)rma%1a use/ f)r %ransm$% 1 b$%2s RB a,s) SRs)me%$me

• F)rma%1b ! b$%s2 RB a,s) SR s)me%$me

• F)rma%! use/ %) %ransm$% +&anne, s%a%e $nf)rma%$)n.• F)rma%!a CSI an/ 1 b$%2 RB

• F)rma%!b CSI an/ ! b$%s2 RB



PDCC

• Carr$er )f DCI

• O++u*$e/ res)ur+e )f PDCC $s +)un%e/ as number )f CCE"+)n%r+&anne, e,emen%' 1 CCE?@ RE"res)ur+e e,emen% $n %$me /)ma$

• rea%$)n ,ee, "L' 3 eN)/e; +an se,e+% 1!:> CCE %) +arr8 )

• PDCC b,$n/ /e+)/$n UE sear+& %&e DCI2s CCE area%$)n

an/ CCE s%ar% an/ en/ *)s$%$)n• C),,e+%$)n )f CCE res)ur+e $s +a,,e/ PDCC sear+& s*a+e. T&ere

%8*es 3 +)mm)n sear+& s*a+e CSS "L:>' an/ UE –s*e+$+ sear+s*a+e"L1!:>' !! PDCC +an/$/a%e



D)#n,$n< referen+e s$na,

• CRS +e,, +)mm)n referen+e s$na, a,, sub-frame &ae %&same +)mm)n referen+e s$na, use/ f)r /)#n,$n< +&anneea,ua%$)n /)#n,$n< measuremen% "RSRP an/ RSRP' an/TM"%ransm$ss$)n m)/e '19!9?9:9@2s /em)/u,a%$)n

• M;SFN referen+e 3 )n,8 $n M;SFN sub-frame f)r M;SFN

/em)/u,a%$)n• DRS subs+r$ber /e/$+a%e/ referen+e s$na, 3 %ransm$%%e/ )

*&8s$+a, res)ur+e )f %&e beam f)rm an%enna m)/e TM=9>use/ $n TM=9>2s /em)/u,a%$)n .



U*,$n< referen+e s$na,

• DMRS /em)/u,a%$)n referen+e s$na, use/ f)r +&ea,ua%$)n /em)/u,a%$)n )f PUCC an/ PUSC

• S)un/$n RS eN; #$,, s+&e/u,e UE %) %ransm$% s)uRS $n fre7uen+8 /)ma$n f)r ea,ua%$)n )f u*,$n< s$7ua,$%8 measuremen% an/ %&e ea,ua%$)n resu,% #$,, buse/ $n u*,$n< fre7uen+8 se,e+% s+&e/u,e an/ /)#n,$beamf)rm$n



MC *r)+ess

• MC a/a*%$e m)/u,a%$)n an/ +)/$n a,$nmen% %&em)/u,a%$)n )r/er an/ +)/$n ra%e base/ )n %&e +&anne, 7

• D)#n,$n< UE +&e+< %&e CRS an/ measuremen% /)#n,$n<7ua,$%8---fee/ba+< %&e +&anne, 7ua,$%8 %) s$%e---a,$n /)#nMCS"m)/u,a%$)n an/ +)/$n s+&e/u,e ' base/ )n )#n a,

as #e,, an/ $nf) UE %&r)u& /)#n,$n< +)n%r), s$na,$n• U*,$n< s$%e +&e+< %&e u*,$n< SRS sen% b8 UE %) measur

u*,$n< +&anne, 7ua,$%8 --- a,$n %&e MCS a++)r/$n,8 m $n%&r)u& /)#n,$n< +)n%r), s$na,$n



Res)ur+e a,,)+a%$)n

• PR; *&8s$+a, res)ur+e b,)+< $s %&e un$% )f res)ur+e a,,)+a%$)n $nu*9/)#n ,$n<. ;ase/ )n ser$+e *r$)r$%8 ,$n< 7ua,$%8 "CBI fr)m %ersubs %ra($+ a,s) +e,, %&r)u& an/ subs2 fa$rness are +)ns$/ere/

• R)un/ R)b$n "RR' *),,$n s+&e/u,e a,)r$%&m assume %&a% a,, subfa$r an/ $n)re %&e$r /$(eren% $n #$re,ess +&anne, 7ua,$%8 e7ua,/$s%r$bu%$)n ,)# %)%a, +e,,2s %&r)u&*u%

• MaQ$mum +arr$er %) $n%erferen+e "MaQ C9I' subs #$%& ))/ 7ua,&ae maQ %&r)u&*u%

• Pr)*)r%$)na, Fa$r +)m*r)m$se )f ab)e %#) $e a *r$)r$%8 %) su%&$s +e,,.



S+&e/u,e

• D)#n,$n< ser$+e $n PDSC res)ur+e /$s%r$bu%$)n9a,$nmen% %ransm$ss$)n m)/e"%ransm$% /$ers$%8 s*a+e /$ers$%8 beamf)se,e+%$)n $s base/ )n ser$+e %8*e ,$n< 7ua,$%8 subs %ra($+ ,)a/+e,, %&r)u&*u% an/ fa$rness . 1ms 1 %$me PDCC #$,, %ransm%&e s+&e/u,e resu,%.

• U*,$n< *)#er +)n%r),

1. O*en-,))* *)#er +)n%r),3 %erm$na, #$,, au%)ma%$+a,,8 a,$n %&e %ransmbase/ )n br)a/+as%e/ +e,, *arame%er ma)r use/ f)r PRC +&anne,2s

!. C,)se ,))* *)#er +)n%r),3 %ransm$%%er a,$n %&e *)#er base/ )n %&e $nre+e$er ma)r,8 %&e u*,$n< )f PUSC PUCC s)un/$n.



OFDM s Mu,%$*a%& ,)ss

• Mu,%$*a%& /e,a8 +ause/ ISI"$n%er–s8mb), $n%erferen+#&$,e OFDM %ransfer br)a/ban/ s$na, %) mu,%$ *anarr)# ban/ +&anne, s) $n+rease %&e OFDM s8mb),,en%& an/ re/u+e %&e OFDM a++)r/$n,8 .

• C8+,$+ PreQ $s use/ %) an%$ /e,a8 as #e,,



PR

• Pea< %) aerae P)#er Ra%$)

• Me%&)/ %) re/u+e PR $n OFDM $n+,u/$n 3 re/u+e*ea< a// ,%er sub-fre7uen+8 base/ )n resera%$)n



OFDM s CDMGFDM

• OFDM *rthogonal %re,uency-division multiple&ing &$& ra%e ser$a, /a%a#$,, be %ransfer %) ,are number )f ,)# ra%e *ara,,e, /a%a s%ream ea+& s%reamm)/u,a%e/ $n sub-+arr$er se*ara%e,8 %&e s*e+%rum )f sub-+arr$er #$,, be )er)r%&))na, %) ea+& )%&er. C)m*are #$%& CDM an/ FDM3

1. N) *r)%e+%$)n ban/ b9# sub-+arr$er &$&er e(e+% m)/u,a%$)n

!. Oer+)me mu,%$-*a%& /e,a8 +)nfr)n% %&e $n%er-s8mb), $n%erferen+e an/ se,e+%$e fre7uen

?. S+&e/u,e )f se,e+%$e fre7uen+8 /$s%r$bu%e %&e bes% fre7uen+8 res)ur+e %) bes% subs %)

a$n )f mu,%$-subs /$ers$%8 a$n.:. T&e +&anne, )f sub-fre7uen+8 &as +&ara+%er )f Wa% fa/e +an be &$&er s*e+%rum e(e+%

%&e MIMO %e+&n$+a, .

5. D$sa/an%ae re,8 )n %&e )r%&))na, +&ara+%er )f sub-fre7uen+8 sens$%$e %) D)**,e&$&er am*,$f8 *erf)rman+e $s re7u$re/ /ue %) &$& PP"*ea< %) aerae *)#er ra%$)'



Mu,%$-a//ress$n

• D)#n,$n< OFDM "OFDM a++ess'

• U*,$n< SC-FDM "s$n,e +arr$er' DFT"/$s+re%e F)ur%ransf)rm '-S-OFDM %) re/u+e %&e re7u$remen% )f Uam*,$er



MIMO

• enera,$He/ /en$%$)n3 mu,%$-an%enna been use/ $n b)%an/ RJ $n)re %&e an%enna /$s%an+e $ssue

• Narr)# /en$%$)n3 an%enna e,emen%s /$s%an+e $s &a,f#ae,en%&

• T&e a$n fr)m MIMO

1. rra8 a$n

!. D$ers$%8 a$n fr)m mu,%$-*a%&

?. S*a+e /$ers$%8



Transm$ss$)n m)/e

• > TMs &as been /ene/ $n R>9R

• @ TMs "TM?-TM>' $s )er,a8$n #$%& TM! . $.e. %&e an%enna %ransm$ss$)n $n %#) m)/e )ne $s s*e+$a, )ne $s +)mm

TM Description Sceneries suggested

S$n,e an%enna %ransm$ss$)n"TM1'

S$n,e an%enna s+ener8

Mu,%$ an%enna %ransm$ss$)n/$ers$%8 "TM!'

Same $nf) %ransm$%%e/ $n mu,%$ an%ennas %&e+&anne, #$%& un$7ue fa/e +&ara+%er #$,, bebene% &$&er /$ers$%8 a$n.

Nee/ &$& %ransm$ss$)n su+& as +e,,e/e

O*en ,))* s*a+e mu,%$*,eQ$n

"TM?'

D$(eren% an%enna +arr8 /$(eren% $nf) $n same

*&8s$+a, res)ur+e TJ $s base/ )n *re-/ene+&anne, $nf) $ns%ea/ )f fee/ba+< )f UEs

$& s*ee/ m)emen% $n urban

)u%/))r

C,)se ,))* s*a+e mu,%$*,eQ$n"TM:'

D$(eren% an%enna +arr8 /$(eren% $nf) $n same*&8s$+a, res)ur+e TJ $s base/ )n UEsfee/ba+<

L)# s*ee/ m)emen% $n urban )u%/))r

Mu,%$-subs MIMO "TM5' $%& %&e *r)*er%8 )f n)n-+)rre,a%$)n b9#/$(eren% subs2 +&anne, %&e same %$me an/fre7uen+8 res)ur+e #$,, use/ f)r /$(eren% subs$n /$(eren% an%enna $n+rease/ %&e s*e+%rume(e+%.

Same %) s*a+e mu,%$*,eQ

S$n,e s%reambeamf)rm$n"TM='

$%& %&e reciprocity property o% uplink anddownlink channel T) end evaluate the

downlink channel by uplink signal whendownlink T) ever antenna will times

Re/u+e $n%erferen+e an/ $n+rease%&r)u&*u% a% +e,, e/e. Use/ $n &$&

$n%erferen+e an/ ,are +)eraef))% r$n%.



D$ers$%8 %e+&n$+a,

• D)#n,$n< TJ same s$na,2s mu,%$-+)*8 %ransm$ss$)n/$(eren% an%enna %) a+&$ee %&e fre7uen+8 /)ma$n as*a+e /$ers$%8 a$n

1. TM! SF;C s*a+e fre7uen+8 r)u* +)/$n use/ #&en %#an%enna *)r%s TJ FSTD +)mb$ne )f s*a+e fre7uen+8 an/

fre7uen+8 +u%)er #&en : *)r%s!. TM? +8+,e /e,a8 /$ers$%8 "CDD'

• U*,$n< RJ +)mb$ne %&e same s$na,2s +)*8 fr)m muan%enna



MIMO

• T&ree %8*es

• S*a+e /$ers$%8 same s$na,

• S*a+e mu,%$*,eQ /$(eren% s$na,

• ;eamf)rm$n )n,8 f)r ser$+e +&anne, beam $s a$m

%are% subs %&r)u& %&e +)n%r), )f arra8 e,emen%2s *an/ am*,$%u/e



SU-MIMO s MU-MIMO

• SU-MIMO mu,%$ an%enna ser$+e f)r s$n,e sub

• MU-MIMO mu,%$ an%enna ser$+e f)r mu,%$ subs

• D)#n,$n< +&anne, $s $n ))/ +)n/$%$)n an/ n)n-+)rre,a%$)SU-MIMO %) a+&$ee &$& s*ee/ f)r %&$s sub. &en sub $s$s ))/ MU-MIMO $s a/a*%e/.

• U*,$n< +urren%,8 UE /)n2% su**)r% mu,%$-an%enna %ransm$%MIMO $n s$n,e UE. &$,e #e +an r)u* %#) subs %) $%a, M%#) %erm$na, )++u*8 same %$me an/ fre7uen+8 /)ma$n res)In+rease/ %&e +e,,2s %&r)u&*u% $ns%ea/ )f s$n,e %erm$na,2s



Referen+e s$na,

• T&e s$na, a,rea/8 <n)# b8 TJ an/ RJ en/s n)rma,,8 use/ f)r +&anne, ,)ss ea,ua%$)n )f 7ua,$%8 $n%erferen+e . 5 %8*es /ene/ $n R>.

• D)#n,$n<

1. CRS Ce,,-s*e+$+ referen+e s$na, /)#n,$n< +&anne, measuremen%/em)/u,a%$)n )f /)#n,$n< +)n%r), s$na,

!. DRS UE-s*e+$+ referen+e s$na, /em)/u,a%$)n )f beamf)rm$n subs

?. M;SFN mu,%$+as% br)a/+as% s$n,e fre7uen+8 ne%#)r< /em)/u,a%$)nM;SFN sub-frame

• U*,$n<

1. SRS s)un/$n referen+e s$na, u*,$n< +&anne, measure

!. DM-RS /em)/u,a%$)n referen+e s$na, u*,$n< +)n%r), an/ /em)/u,a%$)n /a%a +&anne,



T&e)r8 s*ee/

• Re,a%e/ fa+%)rs ban/#$/%& sub-frame u*9/)#n ra%$)number )f MIMO s%ream %8*e )f %erm$na,

• F)r +a%e)r8 ? !0M /)ub,e MIMO sub-frame !3!s*e+$a, TS 103!3! /)#n,$n< +an a+&$ee @0Mb9s u*,+an be !0M b*s"1@BM'. Sub-frame ?31 s*e+$a, TS

>0Mb*s u*,$n< +an be 10Mb*s"1@BM'

• F)r +a%e: >0Mb*s f)r /)#n,$n< #&en !3! !0M f)ru*,$n<A f)r ?31 /)#n,$n< +an be 110Mb*s u*,$n< +a10Mb*s



OFDM S8mb), number )fPDCC

• PDCC &as +arr$e/ u* an/ /)#n ,$n<2s +)n%r), $nf)$n+,u/$n res)ur+e /$s%r$bu%$)n *)#er +)n%r), RB$nf) CBI re*)r%. T&e number $s $n/$+a%e b8 CFI $nf) #&$+& +arr$e/ b8 PCFIC aa$,ab,e number $s 1%) :

• If number $s sma,, %&e ,$m$%a%$)n $s PDCC +&anne,

number C)n+urren% User $s ,ess A $f %&e number $s bres)ur+e #as%e m$&% &a**ene/ #&en subs $s ,ess $ns8s%em

• S) s8s%em +an a,$n %&e number a++)r/$n,8



PDCC an/ PRC

• Res)ur+e )++u*$e/ b8 PDCC $s ar$ab,e fr)m 1!:> CCEsA /em)/u,a%&res&),/ ar$es a++)r/$n,8A m)re CCE ,)#er /em)/u,a%$)n %&res&),/+)erae f))%*r$n%.

• PRC &as 5 <$n/ )f f)rma%s f)rma%1---f)rma%: %&e +)erae /$s%an+e/e+$/e/ b8 se7uen+e ,en%& +8+,e *r)%e+%$)n *reQ )f fr)n% en/ an/*r)%e+%$)n a* )f ba+< en/

• F)rma% 0919!9? &as %&e maQ +)erae /$s%an+e 1:<m9==<m9!<m9100<res*e+%$e,8 f)rma% : &as 1.:<m )n,8 . T&e +)erae /$s%an+e $s re,a%es*e+$+ +)nura%$)n )f se7uen+e .

• s *er e,/ %es% %&e ,$m$% fa+%)r )f +)erae f)r > +&anne, s8s%em $s PD#&$,e $%2s PRC f)r ! an%enna s8s%em.



En&an+emen% )f PDCC

• Ca*a+$%8 /8nam$+ a/us%men% )f CCE area%$)n $n ba/+$r+ums%an+e ass$n m)re CCE res)ur+e $n be%%er s$%ua%$)n ,e

• C)erae

1. m)re CCE +an re/u+e %&e +)/$n ra%e an/ $m*r)e %&e +)eraeA

!. /)#n,$n< *)#er +)n%r), %) PDCC9PCFIC"m)/u,a%e/ $n BPS4' ,)# *)PDCC %) +en%ra, subs an/ &$& *)#er %) e/e subs

• CCE $s %&e sma,,es% res)ur+e un$% $n PDCC 1! RE"res)ur+e e,e)ran$He/ $n ?RE" RE r)u*' $n ea+& %$me /)ma$n s8mb), s) $fs8mb), $n %$me /)ma$n $s use/ f)r PDCC 1CCERE?@RE



MCS m)/u,a%$)n +)/$n s+&e

• ;)%& u* an/ /)#n,$n< are su**)r% ?! MCS &$erar+&8$n+,u/$n BPS41@BM @:BM %&ree me%&)/s.

• MCS $s /$re+%,8 $m*a+% %&e s*ee/

• ))/ s$na, 7ua,$%8 &$& MCS ,ee,A ,)# 7ua,$%8 ,)#



P)#er +)n%r),

• T&e $n%erferen+e +)me subs fr)m a/a+en% +e,, #&enu*,$n< a% %&e s+ener8 )f +e,, e/e &$& *)#er #$,, +$n%erferen+e %) a/a+en% +e,, ,)# *)#er #$,, $m*a+% %ransm$ss$)n 7ua,$%8 )f %&$s sub %&a%2s %&e reas)n #nee/ *)#er +)n%r), $n u*,$n<

• &$,e $n s+ener8 )f /)#n,$n< %&e $n%erferen+e +)mea/a+en% s$%e sub #$,, se,e+% ser$+e s$%e base/ )n %&RSRP s%ab,e *)#er #$,, &e,* /)#n,$n< CBI m)rea++ura%e %&e $n%erferen+e #$,, n)% be s%r)n as usefs$na, s) n) nee/ /)#n,$n< +)n%r),.



Carr$er area%$)n"C'

• Mu,%$ +arr$ers +arr8 /a%a %) $n+rease %&e s$n,e user s*ee/ .

• T&ere are $n%ra-ban/ "+)n%$nu)us,8 an/ /$s+re%efre7uen+8' an/ $n%er-ban/ area%$)n



P)#er b))s%$n )f CRS

• LTE s8s%em &aen2% /)#n,$n< *)#er fun+%$)n bu% &as /)#n,$n< *)#er/$s%r$bu%$)n s),u%$)n %) ass$n %&e CRS"+)mm)n referen+e s$na, ' RE aPDSC RE .

• &en $n+rease %&e CRS %ransm$% *)#er %&e PDSC *)#er #$,, re/u+e*)#er en&an+emen% )f CRS $s a+%ua,,8 %&e *)#er +)n%r), %&e *ur*)se $n+rease %&e +e,, +)erae. /a*%e/ a% %&e s+ener8 )f /ee* +)erae s)u%/))r s$%e ser$+e f)r $n/))r +)erae.

• T&e ra%e/ *)#er f)r CRS $s 15.!/bm

s$n,e *)r% *)#er :0 :?/bm %&ere are 1!00 sub-+arr$er $n !0M&H *)#er f)r ea+& RE #$,, be :?-10,)"1!00'1!.!/bm *,us an)%&er unuse*)#er s) %&$s *)r%2s *)#er +an be 1!.!/bm V? /b15.!/bm



IRC

• In%erferen+e ree+%$)n +)mb$n$n $s a %e+&n$+a, )f$n%erferen+e /e*ress an/ /$ers$%8 re+e$e %&r)u& man%ennas

• M)re an%enna m)re e(e+% %&ere are =0 a$n #&ean%ennas +)m*are #$%& ! an%ennas

P % f %$ f S



Parame%er f)r ree+%$)n )f Samfre7uen+8 $n%erferen+e

• Ca%e)r8 )f P)#er +)n%r), %ransm$%%e/ *)#er +)m*ensfa+%)r9ra%$) )f *a%&-,)ss

%) ma<e sure %&e *)#er res)ur+e /$s%r$bu%e/ b8 /eman/ re/u+e %&e s8s%em $n%erferen+e ,ee,

• Ca%e)r8 )f ra/$) res)ur+e manaemen% #$re,ess bear

+)n%r), #$re,ess a++ess +)n%r), +)nne+%$)n s&$f%$n +)n%%) ran%ee %&e %$me,8 an/ aa$,ab,e )f &an/)er T) a)$/

$n%erferen+e %) a/a+en% +e,, +ause/ b8 %&e &$& *)#er )f e/user



ICIC

• In%er-+e,, $n%erferen+e +))r/$na%$)n *)#er an/ fre7uen+8 /)ma$n +))r/$na%a/a+en% +e,,s

• Ca%e)r8 b8 %$me *er$)/ S%a%$+ ICIC sem$-s%a%$+ ICIC"$n m$nu%es' /8nam$+ m$,,$se+)n/ ' +))r/$na%$)n a,$nmen%"b9# +e,,s'

• Ca%e)r8 b8 a$r9#$re,ess res)ur+e an/ *)#er +)nura%$)n *ar%$a, res)ur+emu,%$*,eQ ICIC",)+a, +e,, use *ar%$a, res)ur+e )n,8 #&$,e )%&er +e,, use rema$nres)ur+e )f ,)+a, +e,,' s)f% fre7uen+8 mu,%$*,eQ ICIC"ea+& +e,, eQ&aus%9+)nsu

res)ur+e )n,8 e/e subs #$,, re/u+e *)#er' ,a%%er me%&)/ "s)f%' +an a+&$efre7uen+8 e(e+% bu% m)re +)m*,eQ.

• Ca%e)r8 b8 me%&)/ )f $n%era+%$)n )f $n%er-+e,, $n%erferen+e $nf) +en%ra,$He/"&an/,e/ b8 )ne un$%'an/ /$s%r$bu%e/ ICIC %&e f)rmer +an a+&$ee m)re bu% un$%



J!

• J! $s use/ b8 /8nam$+ ICIC %) %ransm$ss$)n rea, s$%e ,F)r /)#n,$n< %&e $nf) $s RNTP"re,a%$e Narr)#ban/Transm$% P)#er' #&$+& $n/$+a%e ea+& R; $s $n ,$m$% )r%&r)u& b$%ma*

• F)r u*,$n< %&ere are %#) <$n/ )f messaes

1. OI )er,)a/ $n/$+a%)r $n%erferen+e ,ee, )f ea+& R; fr)ma/a+en% +e,,s " &$& m$//,e ,)# '

!. II &$& $n%erferen+e $n/$+a%)r #&$+& R; #$,, be use/ f)rsubs means #$,, &ae &$& *)#er #&$+& ma8 $m*a+% a/a+e

Te+& f)r same fre7uen+8



Te+& f)r same fre7uen+8$n%erferen+e

• D$s%r$bu%$)n ICIC

• Cen%ra,$He/ ICIC )*%$m$He $n%er-+e,,s2 res)ur+e b8means )f +e,,s2 $n%erferen+e an/ ,)a/ an/ res)ur+ea,$nmen%

• C)MP C))r/$na%e/ Mu,%$*)$n% Transm$ss$)n mu,%$

ser$+e f)r e/e subs %ransfer K#as%e K $n%) #ea,%&

En&an+e/ s),u%$)n f)r e%N



En&an+e/ s),u%$)n f)r e%N$n%erferen+e

• e%er)ene)us Ne%#)r< +)ns$s% )f +e,,s )f /$(eren% an/ +)erae area. Ma+r) +e,, V m$+r) +e,, V *$+) +eVfem%) +e,,

• eICIC"en&an+e/ $n%er-+e,, $n%erferen+e +))r/$na%$)n use/ $n R10 )ne sub-frame $n been sa+r$+e/ %) ,e%

%&r)u&*u% $m*r)emen% )f %&$s sub-frame )f )%&er Ca,,e/ ;S Ka,m)s% b,an< subframe

• FeICIC "fur%&er en&an+e/ ICIC' $n R11



In%er-m)/e $n%erferen+e

• UEs +an be +a%e)r$He/ %) %#) %8*es

• Mu,%$-m)/e s$n,e s%an/b8 N) $n%erferen+e b9# m)/es use %) s$n,e

• Mu,%$-m)/e /ua, s%an/b8 %&ere are $n%erferen+e fr)m s%r)n *)#er #ea<ens2 #&en fre7uen+8 ban/ $s +,)se b9# %#) m)/es s),u%$)n $s&$& *erf)rman+e ban/ *ass ,%er $n %ransm$%%er )f s)ur+e %) su**res*ur$)us em$ss$)n // &$& *erf)rman+e ban/ *ass ,%er $n /$s%urbe

re+e$er *a%& %) su**ress b,)+<$n $n%erferen+e• F)r $-F$ %) LTE ban/ es*e+$a,,8 ban/:0

1. ar/#are s),u%$)n a// ,%er a% RF fr)n% en/

!. S)f%#are s),u%$)n a,$nmen% fr)m *)#er %$me fre7uen+8 /)ma$n



u%&en%$+a%$)n

• F)ur e,emen%s r)u* $s use/ au%&en%$+a%$)n e+%)rs are +)ns$s% )f RND UTN JRES ue )f SS $% $s 5 e,emen%s r)u*"RND UTN JRES C4 I4 ' #$,, be %ransfer %) : e,emr)u* #&en MME e% au%&en%$+a%$)n e+%)rs fr)m SS C4 an/ I4 &as been %ransfer %) 4

• RND ran/)m +&a,,ene 1@ b8%es ran/)m /a%a $en b8 ne%#)r<

• UTN au%&en%$+a%$)n T)<en 1=b8%es2 au%&en%$+a%$)n /a%a $en b8 s8s%em

• JRES eQ*e+%e/ res*)nse eQ*e+%e/ UE2s au%&en%$+a%$)n res*)nse *arame%er :-1@ b8%e#$%& UE enera%e/ RES %)

• 4SME r))% se+re% <e8 ?!b8%es e% fr)m +)mb$ne )f %erm$na, an/ SS

• Pr)+ess3 #&en UE a++ess MME se,e+% %&e )ne r)u* )f : e,emen% e+%)rs---sen/ au%&ea**,8 UE --- USIM +a,+u,a%e RES sen/ %) MME --- MME #$,, +)m*are JRES #$%& RES --- ---+)m*,e%e



En+r8*%$)n a,)r$%&m

• Su**)r% ES SNO? an/ 6UC"C&$na2s $n%e,,e+%ua, *r)*er%8'

• T#) ,ee, se+ur$%8

1. +)nne+%$)n se+ur$%8 )f RRC"s$na,$n *,ane' an/ UP "user *,ane ' b9# UE an/UTRN.

!. NS se+ur$%8 )f UE an/ MME

• In ! PS en+r8*%$)n b9# SSN an/ UEA CS <e8 +rea%e b9# MSC serUE ;SC an/ UE +)m*,e%e %&e a,)r$%&m ne)%$a%$)n an/ en+r8*%e/ ban/ UE

• ? s$na,$n en+r8*%$)n b9# RNC an/ UEA SSN9MSC serer +)m*/)ma$n a,)r$%&m ne)%$a%$)n #$%& RNC sen/ %) RNC %&r)u& SMC



P)#er sa$n )f UE

• DTJ $s use/ $n $/,e an/ +)nne+%$)n s%a%es b)%&

• Ten%a%$e,8 +,)se %&e ra/$) re+e$er an/ ) $n%) s,ee*m)/e #&en /) /a%a %ransm$ss$)n .



Sem$–*ers$s%$n s+&e/u,$n

• C)mb$ne )f *ers$s%$n s+&e/u,e an/ /8nam$+ s+&e/usu$% f)r rea, %$me )IP ser$+e

• F)r )IP ser$+e +)n%$nu)us a,$n %) *ers$s%$n )$+*a+<e% $n !0ms *er$)/ /$s%r$bu%e same res)ur+e b,$n Q s+&e/u,e $nf) m)/e.

• F)r rs% )$+e *a+<e% s$,en% /a%a *a+<e% an/ re-sen%*a+<e% #$,, use /8nam$+ s+&e/u,e s),u%$)n %$,, n$ssess$)n .



C,)se-,))* *re-+)/$n "TM:

• ;e su$%e/ %) ,)# s*ee/ s+ener$es /ue %) sens$%$e %) /e,a8.

• UE e% /)#n,$n< $nf) %&r)u& measuremen% )f CRS-ma<e a u/men% )f number )f *ara,,e, /a%a s%ream m)s% ma%+& *re-+)/$n ma%r$Q---fee/ba+< ran< $n/$+

"/a%a s%ream number' an/ *re-+)/$n ma%r$Q $n/eQ "%) eN; an/ CBI "+&anne, 7ua,$%8 $n/$+a%)r'---a,$nm/)#n,$n< MCS number )f /a%a s%ream an/ *r)-+)/$ma%r$Q a++)r/$n,8 $nf) UE %&r)u& /)#n,$n< +)n%r)s$na,$n.



C&anne, +)/$n

• Ser$+e +&anne, an/ +)n%r), $nf) +arr$e/ b8 ser$+e +&anne, .

1. PUSC PDSC PMC"mu,%$+as% +&' Turb) 19? +)/e ra%e

!. P;C Ta$, b$%$n +)n),u%$)na, +)/$n 19? +)/e ra%e

• In/e*en/en% +&anne,

• PDCC Ta$, b$%$n +)n),u%$)na, +)/$n 19? +)/e ra

• PCFIC *a+<e% +)/$n 191@

• PIC"RB $n/$+a%)r' re*ea% +)/$n 19?

• PUCC *a+<e% +)/$n $ab,e

T;C +)/$n 19?

RB"&8br$/ au%)ma%$+ re*e



RB"&8br$/ au%)ma%$+ re*ere7ues%'

• F)r#ar/ Err)r +)rre+%$)n Vau%)ma%$+ re*ea%-re7ues

• T&ree %8*es a++)r/$n %) re-%ransm$ss$)n

1. C&ase +)mb$n$n CC a,, re-%ransm$ss$)n

!. In+remen%a, re/un/an+8 IR *ar%$a, re-%ransm$ss$)n

?. Par%$a, IR RB

• ;ase )n s8n+1. S8n+&r)n$Ha%$)n

!. as8n+&

MC



MC

• /a*%$e M)/u,a%$)n an/ C)/$n /e+$/e %&e MCS b)n +&anne, +)n/$%$)n +&anne, 7ua,$%8 $n/$+a%)r "CB

• SINR "s$na, %) $n%erferen+e ra%$)' /e+$/e/ %&e CBI

; <& ,



;a+<&au,

• ++ess an/ area%$)n #$,, use PTN L! #&$,e +)rene%#)r<"$n%er +$%8' #$,, use L?

• S8n+ me%&)/ 3

1. PS9NSS )u%/))r 50-100ns

!. IEEE 15>>! mas%er an/ s,ae sub-m$+r)se+)n/

?. er$a, $n%erfa+e m)n$%)r )u%/))r an/ $n/))r e% fr)m s$%e

F ($ $



Fre7uen+8 e($+$en+8

• In ! an%enna an/ !!0M FDD su**)r% 150M $n /)#an/ =5M $n u*,$n< %&e)re%$+a,,8 +urren%,8 UE $s +,a/)#n,$n< $s 100Mb*s u*,$n< 50Mb*s.

• In !0M&H ! !3!V103!3! >0M $n /)#n,$n< u*,$n< $s!0M"@0M !0M f)r +a%e?' #&en ?31V103!3! 110M

/)#n,$n< u*,$n< $s 10M ">0M10M ' f)r +a%e?

RB $ FDD / TDD



RB $n FDD an/ TDD

• FDD $s +)n%$nu)us u*9/)#n sub-frame #&$,e TDD &/e+$/e/ u*9/)#n ,$n< f)rma%

• FDD $s s$m*,e $n RB Q %$me >ms b9# %#) /a%a%ransm$%"r)un/ %r$* %$me'.

• TDD2s >-1=ms nee/ m)re RB +&anne,.

L % $%& SP



La%en+8 +)m*are #$%& SP

• F,a% ne%#)r< n) RNC e,emen% an/ $n%erfa+es re/u

• S$m*,$f8 *r)%)+), TD-LTE2s /es$n $s base/ )n s&+&anne, re/u+e %&e /e/$+a%e +&anne, )n,8 ! s%a%es+)nne+%e/ an/ RRC-$/,e!' #&$,e SPV &as 5

• S&)r% s+&e/u,e TTI %ransm$ss$)n %$me $n%era, $s 1

#&$,e SPV $s !ms

S $ , TS



S*e+$a, TS

• T&ere are s*e+$a, TS +)ns$s% )f ? *ar%s b9# U*,$n<9/)#n,$n< 3

1. D)#n,$n< *$,)% %$me s,)% "D#PTS' use/ b8 UE e%%$n *$,)% $nf) an/ /)#n,

!. uar/ *er$)/ "P' %ransfer b9# /)#n an/ u*

?. U*,$n< *$,)% %$me s,)% "U*PTS' f)r UE2s u*,$n< s8n+

• C)m*are #$%& TD-SCDM

1. /$(eren% ,en%& n)rma, sub-frame an/ s*e+$a, sub-frame are 1 ms $n T#&$,e n)rma, sub-frame $s 0.@=5ms an/ P $s ).!=5ms $n TD-SCDM

!. C)nura%$)n TD-SCDM $s @+&$* f)r D#PTS P $s @+&$* U*PTS $s 1@&$,e TD-LTE $s m)re WeQ$b,e +an be /$(eren% OFDM s8mb),s m)re P +)erae

?. In s)me +)nura%$)n D#PTS +an +arr8 ser$+e +&anne, #&$,e TD-SCDM

Ne% )r< S%r +% re



Ne%#)r< S%ru+%ure

• eN; &as %&e fun+%$)n )f #$re,ess res)ur+e manaemen% #&$+& $s un/b8 ;TS an/ ;SC9RNC $n !9? .M)b$,$%8 an/ a++ess +)n%r), )f C)nne+%are manae/ b8 MME "m)b$,$%8 manaemen% en%$%8 '

• In%r)/u+e S1 $n%erfa+e b9# eN; an/ MME9S- uaran%ee/ %&e $n/e)f +)re an/ a++ess ne%#)r<. J! $s $n%r)/u+e/ b9# eN; %) s$%es2 $n%era+

• User an/ +)n%r), *,ane )f S1 $n%erfa+e en/ a% MME an/ S- s) $%2s$n/e*en/en% )f user an/ +)n%r), *,ane.

• eN; +an ,$n<e/ #$%& mu,%$ MMEs $n *)), an/ eN; &as J! $n%erfa+e r%&e ne%#)r< b)%%,ene+<.

• L)# ,a%en+8 m$n $s 5ms #&en ,)# ,)a/ #&$,e 100ms $n ?

I/en%$+a%$)n f)r UE



I/en%$+a%$)n f)r UE

• C)re IMSI "USIM'an/ UTI",)ba,,8 un$7ue Tem*)I/en%$er' UE re*)r% IMSI %) ne%#)r< #&en rs% a%MME /$s*a%+& UTI f)r UE.

• RN #&en UE a++ess %&e eN; ass$n C-RNTI %) U

• C)n+e*%$)n an/ usae )f Permanen% $/en%$er IMSI

an/ !9? $s %&e same

I/en%$%8 f)r s$%e an/ +e,,



I/en%$%8 f)r s$%e an/ +e,,

• ,)ba, eN; IDPLMN ID VeN; ID as N)/e; $/ $n ? an/ ;SIC;SICNCCV;CC %) /$s%$nu$s& %&e s$%e #$%& same br)a/+as% fre

• %&ere are ,)$+ an/ *&8s$+a, $/en%$%8 f)r +e,,

• L)$+ $/ ECI EUTR +e,, ,)ba, $/en%$er use/ b8 +)re an/ECIPLMNVCELL ID un$7ue $n ne%#)r<

• P&8s$+a, $/"PCI' PCI $s +a,+u,a%e/ b8 PSS"mas%er s8n+ s$na,' an

"s,ae s8n+ s$na,' PCIPSS"01!'V?SSS"01!1@='CI"+e,, ,)ba, $/en%$er' LIVCELLID $n !

UC-ID"UTRN +e,, $/ 'RNC-ID V CELLID $n ?

C,ass +)n%r),



C,ass +)n%r),

• ra/e )f sub a++ess $s +)n%r),,e/ b8 RP"a,,)+a%$)nre%en%$)n Pr$)r$%8' )f B)S )ne sub +an &ae mu,%$ b#$%& /$(eren%$a, RP #&$+& $s %&e u/men% )f *r$)rbearer #&e%&er )r n)% $% +an )++u*8 ,)# *r$)r$%8 su+an be )++u*$e/ b8 &$&er *r$)r$%8 user .

• Ne%#)r< ma<e %&$s <$n/ )f /e+$s$)n me+&an$sm $s %&same #$%& !9?

Res)ur+e a,,)+a%$)n



Res)ur+e a,,)+a%$)n

• S+&e/u,$n n)/e $n eN; ! $s $n ;SC TD-SCDMMC ,a8er )f N)/e ;

• S+&e/u,$n *er$)/ 1ms #&$,e !0ms $n ! TD $sCDM $s !ms

• ranu,ar$%8 R; "res)ur+e b,)+< *a$r' $n %$me an/

fre7uen+8 /)ma$n #&$,e $%2s %$me /)ma$n %$me s,)%"! ;RU"bas$+ res)ur+e un$% $n %$me an/ +)/$n /)m$n ?

On ,$ne subs



On-,$ne subs

• LTE !00 ,$m$%e/ b8 &an/,$n +a*a+$%8 )f eN;

• EDE @: subs $n :TRJs ,$m$%e/ b8 ,$n< $/ *er +arr$e

• TD-SCDM "SDP' =! subs $n @ +arr$ers ,$m$%e/ DPC "a//$%$)na, /)#n,$n< '

LTE ++ess s LN2s



LTE ++ess s LN s

• Mu,%$-a++ess $n MC ,a8er OFDM ")r%&))na, FDa/)*%e/ an/ s+&e/u,$n res)ur+e b8 eN; af%er subsran/)m a++ess. &$,e $%2s CSM9C "Carr$er SenseMu,%$*,e ++ess9C),,$s$)n )$/an+e' a/)*%e/ $n Ln)% +)n%r),,e/ b8 ne%#)r< s$/e.

Pa$n *r)+ess /$(eren%$a,



Pa$n *r)+ess /$(eren%$a,

• N) /e/$+a%e/ PIC as $n !9? s&are %&e PDSC an/$n/$+a%e/ b8 PDCC ,$<e )%&er s$na,$n.

• Pa$n S-TMSI $n eer8 eN; $n T ,$s% #&$,e $%2sTMSI"IMSI'9PTMSI *a$n $n LC9RC /)ma$n.

• Pa$n $n$%$a,e/ fr)m MME %) T ,$s% #&$+& $s a $n%e

*,an +)ns$/er$n number )f subs %ra($+ m)b$,$%8 Ts$na,,$n ,)a/A #&$,e $%2s SSN #&en PS ser$+e anMSC f)r CS %ra($+.

B)S )f )LTE



B)S )f )LTE

• P-CSCF $n IMS #$,, a**,8 rea, %$me res)ur+e %) PCRF#&en sub $n$%$a, a +a,,---PCRF +rea%e /8nam$+a,,8 seran/ B)S a+<n)#,e/e/ b8 EPS---sen/ %) P----P-enera%e/ ;R bearer #$%& BCI1 f)r )$+e---+)rene%#)r< #$,, a,$n res)ur+e base/ %&e B)S

• MR-; "50-=0006'$s a/)*%e/ $n LTE f)r )$+e #$s*ee/ u* %) !?.>5<b*s $s !.! %$mes )f MR!"?00-?:use/ $n !9? s) )$+e $s m)re rea,.

DNS $n EPC



DNS $n EPC

• EPC +&e+< +an/$/a%e ne%#)r< e,emen% ,$s% fr)m NPName u%&)r$%8 P)$n%er ' RECORD e% #e$&% )f e,e

$a S a+&$ee IP a//ress %&r)u& re+)r/9a//re

• T&ere $s re+)r/ )n,8 $n !9?

• LTE /)ma$n name .?**ne%#)r<.)r #&$,e .*rs

use/ $n !9?

B)S me+&an$sm $n EPC



B)S me+&an$sm $n EPC

• S$m*,$f8 %&e +)n%r), *arame%er an/ /e+$s$)n ma<$nme+&an$sm

• B)S )f EPC bearer $s +)n%r),,e/ b8 ne%#)r< )n,8 $%2ne)%$a%$)n resu,% )f UE an/ ne%#)r< #&en !9?

• In%r)/u+e +)n+e*%$)n )f maQ area%$)n ban/ $m

%&e +a*a+$%8 )f bearer2s s%a%$s%$+a, mu,%$*,eQ$n• Dene ne# s+&e/u,$n ranu,ar$%8 bearer ,ee, P

,ee, UE ,ee,

UTI



UTI

• ,)ba, Un$7ue Tem*)rar8 UE I/en%$%8 MME ass$n#&en UE a%%a+&

• C)ns$s% )f UMMEI an/ M-TMSI

1. UMMEIMCCVMNCVMMEID :> b$%s

!. M-TMSIP-TMSI "!9?' ?!b$%s

T) su**)r% +)mm)n fre7uen<



ne%#)r<• F)r br)a/+as%9+)n%r), +&anne,

1. Res)ur+e a,,)+a%$)n /$s*ers$)n s%aer +)n%r), +&anne, R;s ass$n /$(eren%%$me9fre7uen+8 /)ma$n b9# +e,,s

!. &$%en +)n%r), +&anne, "eQ+,u/e s8n+ +&anne,' a// *seu/)ran/)m +)/e %) )/a%a

?. L)# +)/e ra%e

:. In%erferen+e su**ress MRC IRC.MMSE

• F)r ser$+e +&anne,

1. S$na, ran/)m$Ha%$)n a// ,)n s+ramb,er $n%er#eae fre7uen+8 &)*

!. In%erferen+e +an+e,,a%$)n MRC IRC.MMSE

?. In%erferen+e +))r/$na%$)n ICIC beamf)rm$n

:. U*,$n< *)#er +)n%r),

In%er)*era%$)n



In%er)*era%$)n

• UE2s s&$f%$n b9# /$(eren% s8s%em $n+,u/$n 3+e,, rese,e+%$)n re/$re+%$)n an/

• Ce,, rese,e+%$)n

1. I/,e m)/e UE a+%$e a++)r/$n %) br)a/+as% $nf) an/ measuremen% re*)r% "MR'

!. C)nne+%e/ m)/e UE a+%$e %) br)a/+as% $nf) #&en $/,e an/ MR ne%#)r< +an $n$%$a, %&$s base/ )

• Re/$re+%$)n +)nne+%e/ UE re,ease +)nne+%$)n base/ ne%#)r<2s re/$re+%$)n $nre-$n%$a, %&e ser$+e an/ res%)re ser$+e af%er sear+& an/ re$s%ere/ $n %are% n

1. CCO +e,, +&ane )r/er LTE an/ ! #$,, n)% re,ease )r$$n res)ur+e %$,, su++ess +&an$n s) $% +an be ba+<

!. RRC"ra/$) res)ur+e +)n%r),' re/$re+%$)n LTE an/ ? LTE %) ! un$/$re+%$)na,

• an/)er &an/ )er a++)r/$n %) ne%#)r< )r/er

/a+en% fre7uen+8 )f !



/a+en% fre7uen+8 )f !

• F ban/"1>>0-115' )f LTE $s /$s%urb b8 DCS1>00 s8s%em2s s*ur$)us9b,)+<9$n%erm)/u,a%$)n SM002s &arm)n$+ $n%erferen+e an/ PS2s

Type Solution

DCS1>00 b,)+<$n • C,)se &$& fre7uen+8 *)$n% )f DCS• F ban/ e7u$*men% s)f%#are u*ra/e %) a// C ma8 10/b $m*r)e• n%enna a/us%men%• // an%$-b,)+< ,%er

DCS1>00an%enna$n%erm)/u,a%$)n

• C,)se9a/us% DCS &$& fre7 *)$n%• Re*,a+e %&e ba/ *erf)rman+e an%enna

• P)s$%$)n +&ane $n+rease %&e $s),a%$)n )f an%enna

DCS1>00 s*ur$)us • P)s$%$)n +&ane $n+rease %&e $s),a%$)n )f an%enna• // s*ur$)us su**ress ,%er

SM00 an%enna se+)n/&arm)n8

• P)s$%$)n +&ane $n+rease %&e $s),a%$)n )f an%enna• Re*,a+e %&e ba/ *erf)rman+e an%enna )f SM00

PS • C))r/$na%e ,)+a, F; au%&)r$%8

/a+en% fre7uen+8 )f TD-SCDM



SCDM

• T&ere #$,, &ae $n%erferen+e #&en &ae +r)ss)er %$s,)% a% a/a+en% fre7uen+8 $n +)-eQ$s%$n s$%e.

• Nee/ =0<m %) *&8s$+a, $s),a%$)n

• U*,$n< an/ /)#n,$n< )f LTE F ban/ an/ TD-SCDM s8n+ ea+& )%&er %) a)$/ $n%erferen+e su+& as #&en

SCDM s8s%em $s $n u*,$n< TD-LTE #$,, be *r)%e+%$TS"n) %ransm$% an/ re+e$e' )r u*,$n<TS

C)-eQ$s%$n #$%& LN #&en/ % f



a/a+en% fre7uen+8

• &en E ban/"!?!0M-!?=0M' LTE /e*,)8e/ f)r In/)+)erae %&ere $s $n%erferen+e #$%& LN . Ma)r aLTE %) LN

• S$%e %) P Is),a%$)n /$s%an+e s&)u,/ be m)re %&an :+)-I;S s8s%em.

• UE %) LN %erm$na, $n+rease /$s%an+e b9# re/u+*)#er"$n+rease LTE +)erae'.

)$+e s),u%$)n



)$+e s),u%$)n

• )LTE IMS a% LTE +)erae e/e SRCC"s$n,e ra/$) )$+e +)n%$nu$%8' #$,, s#$%+& %&e ser$+e fr)m LTE *a+<e% /)ma$n %) !9/)ma$n nee/ ))/ +)erae

• CSF; CS Fa,,ba+< re$s%ere/ %) LTE $s *r$)r$%8 . #&en )$+e s#$%+& %) !9? . ;a+< %) LTE #&en +a,, +)m*,e%e/. L)n ,a%en+C)m*,eQ /ue %) a// fa,, ba+< an/ re%urn *r)+e/ures n)% su**)+)n+urren% #$%& /a%a #&en fa,,ba+< %) n)n-DTM su**)r% !

• Dua, s%an/b8 re$s%ere/ $n ! an/ LTE b)%& )$+e $n ! LTE /a%a.

• OTT a**,$+a%$)n /$($+u,% %) m)n$%)r an/ +&ar$n b8 )*era%)r

CSF; an/ /ua, s%an/b8T $ ,



Term$na,s

• CSF; %erm$na, +an be use/ $n !9? ne%#)r<. Re$s%ere/ aDa%a a% LTE an/ )$+e $n !9?A $n !9? #&en n) LTE +)eLTE area #$%&)u% CSF; %erm$na, #$,, be $n !9? be+ausesmar% %erm$na, #$,, be se% %) )$+e +en%r$+ .

• Dua, s%an/b8 %erm$na,

1. TD-LTE9TD-SCDM an/ SM mu,%$m)/e an/ /ua, s%an/b8 /a%a

)$+e $n !A #&en n) LTE /ua, s%an/ a% ! an/ ? )$+e $n ! /!. TD-LTE an/ TD-SCDM9SM /a%a $n LTE an/ )$+e $n !9? #&

LTE #$,, #)r< $n s$n,e m)/e an/ re$s%ere/ $n ? as *r$)r$%8

SMSC s),u%$)ns



• SMS )er Ss u*ra/e )ne )r fe# MSCs %) Ss $n%erfa+MME #&en $n$%$a, a%%a+& LTE an/ !9? #$,, &ae )$n% ,)+u*/a%e. ,m)s% same *r)+e/ures

ref %) TS!?.!=! an/ TS !?.0:0

• SMS )er IMS

1. Sen/ UE---P9S-CSCF---IP-SM----SMSC

!. Re+e$e SMSC---IP-SM----P9S-CSCF---UE

• SMS )er PS &an/,e ,$<e IM "$ns%an% messae' n) $n%ernas%an/ar/.

P)s$%$)n$n



• Pre+$se /eree $s %&e same #$%& !9? a**r)a+& $s %&e same a1. OTDO Obsere/ T$me D$(eren+e Of rr$a, re+e$e fe# s$%es s$

50-100m %erm$na, su**)r% $s nee/e/.

!. E-CID"TVO' en&an+e/ +e,, $/ T&e UE re*)r%s %) %&e ne%#)r< " ser$n m)b$,e ,)+a%$)n +en%re' %&e ser$n +e,, ID %&e %$m$n a/an%&e IDs es%$ma%e/ %$m$n an/ *)#er )f %&e /e%e+%e/ ne$&b)r +e,,s. Ten)/e; ma8 re*)r% eQ%ra $nf)rma%$)n %) %&e ESMLC ,$<e %&e an,e )fT&e ESMLC es%$ma%es %&e UE *)s$%$)n base/ )n %&$s $nf)rma%$)n an/

<n)#,e/e )f %&e +e,,s *)s$%$)ns 50-100m n) nee/ %erm$na, su**)r

?. "-'NSS global navigation satellite system ne%#)r< su**,8 auQ$nf) ?m %erm$na, nee/ %) su**)r% PS

Se+ur$%8 me+&an$sm



8

• ;$-/$re+%$)n au%&)r$Ha%$)n ,$<e ? USIM +ar/ 4 b/$re+%$)n

• IP se+ur$%8 measuremen% *&8s$+a, an/ ,)$+ $s),a%$)

• : au%&en%$+a%$)n $n ma$n%enan+e

Transm$ss$)n



• ;an/#$/%& @0-?!0M as +arr$er +)nura%$)n +&a• La%en+8 m)s% +r$%$+a, re7u$remen% eN; %) S- ,

%&an 10ms J! b9# eN; s&)u,/ be ,ess %&an !0ms

• CIR9PIR

+&ar$n



• L$<e !9? %&ere are %&ree m)/es3 )Z$ne +&ar$n+)n%en% +&ar$n an/ rea, %$me +&ar$n.

• P- an/ S- +rea%e P--CDR"bas$s )f +&ar$n%$me an/ +)n%en% +&ar$n *)$n%' an/ S--CDR b$,,res*e+%$e,8.

• Pre-+)nura%$)n +&ara+%er9ru,e )f +)n%en% +&ar$nser$+e $s $n P- +an e% %&e ser$+e #$se /a%a s%rs%a%s.

C)re In%er#)r<



• CS /)ma$n1. F)r CSF; an/ LTE /a%a %erm$na, nee/ Ss $n%erfa+e b9# MME an

su**)r% SMS an/ CSF;

!. F)r )LTE IMS2s MCF nee/ +)nne+%e/ %) eQ$s%$n MSC

• PS /)ma$n SSN $n !9? #$,, be u*ra/e/ %) MME9SSN ma%e#a8 SN %) SE-9SN mere/ e7u$*men% . n$n%erfa+e b9# SSN an/ MME $s use/ $n &an/)er an/ re-se,an/ %&e s+ener8 )f LTE mu,%$m)/e s$n,e s%an/b8 UE2s+)mmun$+a%$)n #$%& SE /a%a #&en a%%a+&e/ $n!9? nean/ &ae /a%a ser$+e .

TI



• MCCVMNC "sum $s PLMN' V TC TI "Tracking Identity '

• In CMCC TD-LTE $s %&e s&are #$%& SM9TD-SCDMMCC:@0 MNC00 TCQ1Q!Q?Q:0---@55?5

• T&ere are T ,$s% "MaQ 1@ Ts' +an re/u+e %&e TU

"u*/a%e' number

MME an/ SSN



• !9?9: MME an/ SSN +an be a *)), $n+,u/$n MMESSN an/ mere/ MME9SSN

1. R)am$n $n !9? UE #$,, use )ne SSN

!. R)am$n $n LTE area $f %&$s SSN $s a mere/ )ne s%a8 #&en r)am$n %) !9? s%a8 %&e same $s be%%er.

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