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Line Distance Protection and ControlTerminal Unit
Edi ão 11st Edition
A P L I C A T I O N
The TPU L420 has been designed as a protection and terminal unit for supervision and
control of aerial lines, integrating the distance protection function, with a main application
in line feeders.
The TPU L420 performs a wide range of protection and automation functions. It has an
extensive range of user programming options, offering high accuracy regulation in
currents, voltages, temporisations and optional characteristics. All protection and
automation functions settings are independent among themselves, having 4 groups of
settings for each function.
There are 3 different versions of the TPU L420 which offer the user the flexibility to
choose the suitable relay for each application. The possibility to program logic
interlockings complementary to the existent control functions provides additional
protection configuration that can be used to adapt the unit to the user’s needs.
The local interface of the TPU L420 integrates a graphic display where is presented amimic with the state of all equipment of the bay, as well as its respective measurements.
In the front panel there are also several functional keys that allow an easy operation of
the protection in the most frequent operation situations.
As a terminal unit, the TPU L420 is capable of accurate measurements of all the values
of a line and several fault monitoring functions, including Oscillography and Event
Chronological Recorder. These functions allow its integration as a Remote Unit in
EFACEC’s Supervision Command and Control Systems, offering at the same time a
connection to a PC.
Together with the TPU L420 is supplied an integrated software package for PC interface
with the protection – WinProt – either locally or trough the local communication network.
This application allows, besides other functionalities, the access and modification of relaysettings and configurations and also the gathering and detailed analysis of the produced
records.
21/21N
78
50HS
50/51
50/51N
67/67N
85/21
85/67N
27WI
46
79
25
62/62BF
43
P R O T E C T I O N
Distance Protection (21, 21N), 5 independent zones
with quadrilateral characteristic
Overreach of Zone 1 Distance Protection
Power Swing Blocking / Out of Step Tripping (78)
Switch-Onto-Fault protection (50HS)
High Set Overcurrent Protection with High- Speed
Tripping (50, 50N)
Low Set Overcurrent Protection with Definite or
Inverse Time (51, 51N)
Overcurrent Protection with extensive Setting Range
(2nd
51, 51N)
Directional Phase and Earth Fault Overcurrent
(67, 67N)
Distance Protection Teleprotection Schemes (85, 21)
Directional Earth Fault Protection Teleprotection
Schemes (85, 67N)
Echo and Weak End Infeed Logic (27WI)
Remote Tripping
Phase Balance (46)
4 Group of settings
C O N T R O L A N D M O N I T O R I N G
Automatic Reclosing (79)
Synchronism and Voltage check (25)
Supervision of VTs
Circuit Breaker Failure Protection (62BF)
Trip Circuit Supervision (62)
Protection Trip Transfer (43)
Dead Line Detection
Circuit Breaker and Disconnector Supervision
Distributed Automation
Programmable Logic
Configurable Analogue Comparators
High Precision Measurements
Load Diagram
Event Chronological Recorder Oscillography
Fault Locator
High number of Binary Inputs and Outputs
Self-Tests and Watchdog
I N T E R F A C E S
Graphical Display with Mimic
Functional Keys to Operate Equipments
8 Programmable Alarms
3 Serial Ports for PC connection
Lontalk Interface Network
100 Mbps Ethernet Redundant Interface
DNP 3.0 Serial Protocol
IEC 60870-5-104 Protocol
IEC 61850 Protocol
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TPU L420 1ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 2/23
P R O T E C T I O N F U N C T I O N S
Distance Protection
The distance protection offers complete
protection against all kind of faults in
systems where the neutral connection to
earth is solid or by means of a limiting
impedance. The TPU L420 has five
distance protection zones, with
quadrilateral characteristic, working in
parallel and completely independent.
Distance Protection Characteristic
For each protection zone, six independent
measurement systems are considered,
three for the phase to phase fault loops
and three for the phase to earth fault loops,
according to a full-scheme drawing.
The phase to earth faults are detected by
monitoring the neutral current and the zero
sequence voltage. Additionally, the TPU
L420 implements a judicious selection of
the fault loop more suitable to each short
circuit, including time-evolving faults, in
order to assure a correct operation of the
protection and an adequate signalisation ofthe involved phases.
The range of the operational characteristic
both in reactance and resistance can be
separately regulated for phase to phase
loops and for phase to earth loops, which
allows considering higher fault resistance
in case of earth faults or higher inaccuracy
in the calculation of line impedance for this
type of faults.
The resistance or reactance values which
define the operation thresholds and the
characteristics of the protected line can beset in primary or secondary values of the
measurement transformers.
The operation times can also be separately
regulated for the two types of fault loops.
There are two different start conditions for
the distance protection: minimum
impedance or maximum current. In the first
option, the function starts if the fault is
located in any of the five operation zones;
in case of maximum current start the
distance protection operation is additionally
supervised by settable current thresholds.
Any of the protection zones can be
configured as non-directional or directional
and in the last case is possible to choose
the direction of the operation.
For each fault loop, the TPU L420 uses the
memory of pre-fault voltages in the non-
faulty phase(s) to determine the direction of
the fault current and to evaluate the
directional characteristic. When the
memory is full, the instantaneous values of
the same voltages are used. These
choices allow a correct selection of the
short circuit currents’ direction, even for
close-in faults and for the first instants after
fault occurrence.
Additionally is possible to adapt the
operational characteristic to the specificparameters of the line to be protected, in
particular to consider different angles for
the forward stages and the reverse stages.
The k0 compensation factor of the fault
impedance calculation for phase to earth
short circuits may also present different
values for the first stage and, among the
remaining stages, for those operating
forward and for those operating reverse.
The distance protection algorithm makes
the compensation of the load current in the
evaluation of the characteristic reactancethresholds, being immune to the influence
of the fault resistance.
The TPU L420 also allows the
discrimination of load conditions with total
security and stability eliminating the
respective impedances of the operation
zone by means of a suitable characteristic.
Overreach of Zone 1 Distance
Protection
The reactance reach of the zone 1 distance
protection may be changed according to
one logic condition. Different reaches canbe set for phase to phase faults and for
phase to earth faults.
This function can be used in a fast tripping
scheme for any fault in the protected line,
in interaction with the automatic reclosingfunction, without the need to communicate
with the protection on the other side of the
line. In this case, the overreach will remain
active in resting condition as long as the
reclosing is ready to operate, and the first
protection zone will go back to normal
parameters after the corresponding trip.
The overreach of the zone 1 distance
protection may also be integrated in a
specific teleprotection scheme – zone
acceleration or ZA.
Power Swing Blocking / Out of StepTripping /
The loop impedances calculated by the
Distance Protection may present its
operational characteristics within a power
swing condition, what may cause the
protection step tripping, if there is no active
blocking element.
R
X
Zona 4
Zona 1
Zona 2
Zona 3
Zona 5
∆Z
∆Z
Power swing’s evaluation area.
The module of Power Swing Blocking / Out
of Step Tripping by TPU L420 Synchronism
Loss distinguishes the power swing’s
default situations, through the continuous
and supervision of the impedances
evolution criteria, allowing the selective
blocking of any Distance Protection step.
Beyond the power swings detection of, the
TPU L420 evaluates the synchronism loss
occurrences, being able to allow the
tripping, if the conditions are about to
verify.
Switch-Onto-Fault Protection
When energising a faulty line, the distanceprotection may not offer adequate
equipment protection. This problem is
R
X
ϕ
Zone 4
Zone 1
Zone 2
Zone 3
Zone 5
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especially relevant for three phase close-in
faults when the voltage transformers are
connected on the line’s side because the
distance protection can loose its directional
feature due to the absence of the voltages
memory.
The switch-onto-fault protection completes
the distance protection, by providing fast
elimination of permanent faults after a
manual close operation. However, this
function can also be activated in case of
close operations by automatic reclosing.
The switch-onto-fault protection is an
additional overcurrent function, with
instantaneous operation. This function can
be activated by internal criteria resulting
from the evaluation of the dead line
detection module or, as an option, by theobservation of external contacts associated
to the circuit breaker close command and
to the device’s state.
The function remains activated for a
configurable time after the previous
conditions changed to rest.
Additionally, some stages of the distance
or earth directional protections can be
configured by changing the factory set
logic, for example, for instantaneous
operation during the activation conditions
of the switch-onto-fault function.
High Set Overcurrent with high-
speed tripping
The high set overcurrent protection is
usually targeted for very fast protection
where selective coordination is obtained
through the setting of the RMS current
(cut-off ). In the TPU L420, high sets are
independent for protection of phase to
phase faults and of phase to earth faults. A
selective timing can also be set.
Low Set Overcurrent with
definite/inverse time
The low set overcurrent protection offers
sensitivity and step timings for selective
coordination (time-lag overcurrent). The
TPU L420 provides both the independent
and the inverse time options. These
options comply with International
Standards, which is a guarantee for
compatibility with other devices. The
functions of TPU L420 meet the IEC
60255-3 and IEEE 37.112 standards.
The settings of the low set overcurrent
function are also independent for phase tophase and for phase to earth faults.
For the IEC complying option, the time-
current functions follow the general
expression:
[ ]1)/( −>
=b
I Icc
aT st op
NI a=0,14 b=0,02 A=16,86
VI a=13,5 b=1 A=29,7
EI a=80 b=2 A=80
LI a=120 b=1 A=264
For the IEEE complying option, the time-
current functions follow the general
expression:
[ ] IEEE op T ed I Icc
cst ⎟⎟
⎠
⎞
⎜⎜
⎝
⎛ +
−>=
1)/(
NI c=0,103 d=0,02 e=0,228 A=9,7
VI c=39,22 d=2 e=0,982 A=43,2
EI c=56,4 d=2 e=0,243 A=58,2
LI c=56,143 d=1 e=21,8592 A=133,1
Definite Time Universal Overcurrent
with wide setting range
In parallel and independently from the
previous functions, the TPU L420 performs
a second overcurrent protection function
with constant time.
The wide setting range of this protection
function allows several applications.
The several stages of the overcurrent
protections, particularly those of the
functions against phase to phase faults can
operate permanently, in parallel with the
distance protection or, as an option, be
activated only in case of distance
protection lock due to malfunction in the
voltage transformers circuit.
Option between virtual image of the
zero sequence current and direct
observation of the 4th current input
The TPU L420 is prepared to observe the
zero sequence current of the line in its 4th
current input, obtained either from the
connection of the neutral point of the phase
currents inputs, or from a toroidal current
transformer in the line. However, the TPU
L420 also performs internally the
calculation of the zero sequence current in
the line, directly from the virtual sum of the
three phase currents.
For each of the three earth fault protection
elements, the TPU L420 allows theselection of the source of the zero
sequence current. This fact allows
combining the observation of high phase to
earth fault currents, using the wide
operation range of phase CT, with the high
sensitivity to high resistive faults given by
the toroidal transformer. The sensitivity can
even be increased by choosing a lownominal value for the fourth current input
(0,2 or 0,04 A).
Directional Earth Fault Overcurrent
Protection
The distance protection may not guarantee
the necessary sensitivity for the detection
of all short circuits to the earth, in particular
in networks whose neutral does not have a
solid connection to earth or if the fault
resistance is high.
For this type of short circuits the earth fault
overcurrent protection can be acomplementary function to the previous
one, if directional criteria are added.
Through the measurement of the zero
sequence active and reactive powers is
possible to differentiate the forward faults
and the reverse faults relatively to the
protection location. The measure of these
power values is equivalent to the ratio
between the phase fault current and the
zero sequence voltage. This is used in the
directional function.
The directional protection worksindependently from the overcurrent
protection. Its role is to lock tripping when
the fault is not in the indicated direction.
The maximum sensitivity angle of operation
is selectable between -90º and 90º.
It is possible to choose the direction in
which the protection is intended to operate.
It is also possible to choose the operation
of the directional protection in case of
polarising voltage absence.
The locking by the directional function can
be independently attributed to each one of
the earth fault overcurrent stages.
U0
I0
7º
α
Relay non-operation zonedirection: front
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TPU L420 1ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 4/23
Option between bus voltage and
zero sequence voltage
The base TPU L420 has a 4th voltage input
beyond the three phase voltages. In the
TPU L420-D version, this input can be
used to connect a zero sequence voltage
image, obtained from a second set of VTs.
The directional earth protection can be
configured to work with this voltage or with
the internal sum of the phase voltages.
In the TPU L420-R version, the 4th voltage
input can be used to measure the zero
sequence voltage or the bus voltage. The
last option must be selected if one wishes
to activate the synchronism check function.
In this case the directional earth protection
must use the sum of the three phase
voltages.
Directional Phase Fault Overcurrent
Protection
The TPU L420 also features a directional
phase fault overcurrent protection, which
runs independently from the directional
earth fault overcurrent protection.
To determine the current direction in each
phase it is used the composed voltage of
the other two phases, which maximises the
protection’s sensitivity. The direction of the
fault current is obtained even when the
voltage collapses (very close fault). To
perform this function, the TPU L420 stores
the pre-fault voltage for 2.5 seconds. Afterthat time it is possible to select the
directional function behaviour.
The maximum power angles are selectable
in a range between 30º and 60º. It is also
possible to choose, as for directional earth
protection, the direction in which the
protection is intended to operate.
The locking by the directional function can
be independently attributed to each one of
the phase fault overcurrent stages.
Teleprotection Schemes for
Distance Protection
The typical setting of the first and second
stages of the distance protection in terms
of reach of the characteristics and the
respective operational times leads to a non
instantaneous clearance time for faults
occurring in the remote end of the line.
When associated to teleprotection
schemes, the distance protection provides
instantaneous clearance time for faults
occurring anywhere in the protected line.
The TPU L420 has several types of
schemes associated to the distance
protection – DUTT, PUTT, POTT,
POTT+DCUB and DCB, which are adapted
to several network characteristics. These
schemes are prepared for feeders with 2 or3 terminals and have elements to lock due
to operation direction change.
All schemes are implemented in the base
logic of the TPU L420. It is only necessary
to select the desired scheme and to
associate the starts and/or trips of the
related stages to the corresponding logical
gates of the distance teleprotection. The
versatility of the TPU L420’s programmable
logic also allows building additional logical
schemes, thus enabling to adapt the
teleprotection schemes to any particularity
of the network.
Teleprotection Schemes for
Directional Earth Fault Protection
Similarly to the distance protection, the
TPU L420 provides in its factory logic
several types of teleprotection schemes for
association with the directional earth fault
protection – POTT, POTT+DCUB, DCB.
This module has all the characteristics and
easy configuration features presented for
the schemes associated with the distance
protection.
Echo and Weak End Infeed Logic
Complementary to some teleprotection
schemes, namely the POTT scheme, the
TPU L420 provides the additional logic for
execution of the echo and tripping emission
functions in case of weak end infeed. The
module’s logic associated with the distance
protection is independent of the logic
associated with the earth directional.
The echo logic allows the emission of a
tripping unlock signal in the other side of
the line, in cases where the TPU L420 is
not able to detect the fault. This may
happen, for example, due the unfavourable
conditions of the reason between the
upstream impedances and of the proper
line.
The weak end infeed’s logic allows,
besides that, the emission of a tripping
signal in the proper terminal that is not able
to detect the default. This tripping is
conditioned, for the distance protection, by
a fact, in at least one of the phases, of
voltage break under the parameterized
threshold, and for the earth directional
function, by the existence of an earth
voltage superior to a threshold also
configurable by the user.
Remote Tripping
The remote tripping function allows the
TPU L420 to trip upon reception of an
external order. It is possible to associate a
time delay between the signal reception
and the send of the trip.
Phase Balance
The phase balance protection aims at the
detection of high values of the negative
sequence current component of the three-
phase system. The main application of this
function is as unbalance protection that can
be used in several situations.
The detection of broken conductors with or
without earth contact, as well as the
detection of phase absence are the goalsof this protection due to the resulting
negative sequence significant component.
The phase balance protection can also be
used to eliminate two-phase faults, having
in these cases a high sensitivity resulting
from the difference of the negative
sequence component in normal load and
unbalance situations.
The TPU L420 has two independent stages
of phase balance protection. The first one
is of definite time with fast operation but
less sensitive. The second stage is
targeted at a more sensitive time
protection. The timer can be of definite or
inverse time, supporting the same
standards as the other overcurrent
protections.
Fault Locator
Complementing the protection functions,
the fault locator gives very accurate
information on the distance to the
eliminated short circuits. The start signals
of the functions of distance protection and
of earth fault directional overcurrent
protection are only used to define the fault
loop or loops and the fault locator function
operates independently of those functions.
5º
α
Relay non-operation zonedirection: front
UR
US UT
IR
UST
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TPU L420 1ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 5/23
The algorithm used compensates the load
current in lines fed by two or more
terminals. The fault loop and the distance –
in Ω, km (or miles) and percentage of the
line protected – are presented for the last
ten detected faults.
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TPU L420 1ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 6/23
C O N T R O L A N D A U T O M A T I O N
Automatic Reclosing
The TPU L420 executes the automatic
reclosing automatism, allowing the
execution of up to five reclosing cycles,
completely configurable. The main purpose
of this function is the service restoration of
a line after the elimination of temporary or
intermittent faults, common in aerial
networks.
Reclosing sequence starts with the
disconnection of the faulty line, followed by
the reclosing command, after the dead time
defined for the current cycle.
After the closing command, the automatism
waits a configurable time to confirm faultabsence. If the fault is still present after the
reclosing attempts, a definitive trip signal is
generated.
The logic conditions for automatic reclosing
operation are configurable through the
programmable logic of the TPU L420. By
default, they correspond to the first stage
trip of the distance protection and the
teleprotection schemes
Synchronism and Voltage Check
This module compares two distinctvoltages, one from the line’s side and the
other from the bus’ side, to bind the
command of circuit breaker close
according to the type of synchronisation
and the type of command – manual or
automatic.
Voltage measurements in feeder and in bus
The line voltage measurement can be a
phase to earth voltage or a phase to phase
voltage and the voltage measurement from
the bus’ side must be acquired in the 4th
voltage input. The function is ready to be
used even when the line and bus VTs have
different transformation ratios or when
there is a transformer between the line and
the bus, through the magnitude and phase
adjustment of the bus voltagemeasurement.
The synchronisation types are
characterised according to the line and bus
state – LLLB (live line/live bus), LLDB (live
line/dead bus), DLLB (dead line/live bus),
DLDB (dead line/dead bus).
In the TPU L420, the evaluation criteria of
voltage presence in the line/bus do not
depend only on the comparison of voltage
measurement with threshold setting values
Ulive/Udead. They are complemented with the
VTs fault signal and the frequencymeasurement.
In LLLB synchronisation, where the
mechanical efforts on the circuit breaker
and the resulting transient after close
should be minimised, the TPU L420
evaluates the differences of voltage,
frequency and phase, allowing the circuit
breaker close only when all values are
below the setting thresholds.
The manual and automatic commands are
individually treated. After the request ofcircuit breaker close, a time delay is
initiated to wait for close permission. The
permission is conditioned by the evaluation
of the measurements involved according to
the parameterised method, or without any
kind of verification if the release option is
activated.
The base logic of the TPU L420 binds the
local, remote and external orders of circuit
breaker close to manual commands and
the close orders originated by reclosing are
binded to the automatic commands.
Supervision of VTs
The VTs supervision function available in
the TPU L420 detects malfunction in the
voltage transformers’ circuits and
generates orders to lock the functions
depending of voltage measurement,
particularly the distance protection in the
case of TPU L420, thus preventing inrush
tripping.
This function has two distinct methods to
distinguish and detect asymmetrical andsymmetrical faults.
To detect asymmetrical faults, the function
continuously evaluates the negative and/or
zero sequence components of voltagesand currents – if one of the voltage
components surpasses the threshold
values, if the corresponding current
component is inferior to the defined
threshold and if there is current in at least
one of the phases, the lock signalisation is
generated. After a given time delay the lock
can become definitive and remain so
independently of the magnitudes of the
negative and zero sequence current
components. It will be unlocked only when
the voltages are restored.
To detect symmetrical faults, the function
differentiates the VT malfunction in two
distinct situations: when the line is
connected and after line connection. In the
first case, the malfunction is signalised
when the voltages of the three phases are
below the parameterised threshold and if,
simultaneously there is not a significant
variation of the current value in any of the
phases. In the moment when the line is
connected, the lock conditions occur when
the three voltages have a value inferior to
the threshold, if there is current in at least
one phase with magnitude above thethreshold, and absence of protection
functions start; the lock signalisation is
generated after a defined time delay after
the line connection.
Circuit Breaker Failure Protection
The main purpose of this function is to
verify the correct operation of a circuit
breaker in case of fault. Its operation is
based on the information produced by the
overcurrent protection functions.
Thus, immediately after the execution of acircuit breaker trip command by any
protection function, the breaker failure
function starts. If the protection function
does not reset after a configurable time (for
example, due to circuit breaker damage), a
command is generated to other equipment
(for example the upstream circuit breaker).
This information may be transmitted by
dedicated cabling or through the local
communication network.
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TPU L420 1ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 7/23
Trip Circuit Supervision
The TPU L420 can permanently monitor
the trip circuit of the circuit breaker through
binary inputs configured for that purpose.
If there is some discontinuity when thecircuit breaker is closed, the trip circuit
supervision input resets and an alarm is
generated after a configurable time.
Supervision scheme of the circuit breaker trip
Protection Trip Transfer
The TPU L420 executes the protection
transfer function. Its operation consists in
the monitoring of the bypass disconnector
state, when existent, in order to operate the
bus-coupler circuit breaker.
When the panel is transferred, some
automatisms, such as the automatic
reclosing are locked, and tripping
commands of the protection functions are
executed on the bus-coupler circuit
breaker.
Dead Line Detection
The dead line detection is performed in the
TPU L420 by an auxiliary function. The
state of the line can be determined
according to two distinct criteria.
The first is based on current and voltage
absence simultaneously in the three
phases and it is valid for lines where thevoltage transformers are connected in the
line itself. In case the voltage transformers
are directly connected to the bus, an
alternative criterion of current absence and
circuit breaker opening can be used as
long as the circuit breaker state is
monitored. The line is considered to be
disconnected, in any of the cases, after a
configurable confirmation time.
Circuit Breaker and Disconnector
Supervision
The TPU L420 allows two distinct
mechanisms to execute commands.
Through the local interface, it is possible to
select any device and to command it.
Remotely, it is also possible to execute the
same operation. However, such actions are
conditioned to the interlockings related with
the communication.
Each command received, either locally or
remotely, is monitored and the success of
the operation is signalled. The monitoring
is based on the state variation observation
of the binary inputs associated to each
device. The operation supervision is
available for circuit breakers and for
disconnectors.
Programmable Log ic
One of the main features of the TPU L420
is a completely programmable logical
scheme which allows the implementation of
timers, programmable delays or other
logical combinations beyond the traditional
logical functions (OR and AND).
The TPU L420 has internally a set of
modules formed by a variable number of
logical gates. The user may change all
internal connections within the module
and/or interconnect the several modules.The user may also change the descriptions
associated to each logical gate, the gate
type, the timers, the initial gate state, etc.
This flexibility may be used to configure
additional interlocking to the control
functions or any other complex logical
conditions.
Distributed Automation
The complete integration of the TPU L420
in Supervision Command and Control
Systems allows the definition of control
functions that take advantage of their
connection to the local area network (LAN).
This means that, besides the vertical
communication with the control centre, fast
communication mechanisms among the
several units are available.
This feature gives the possibility to
implement advanced automatisms,
interlockings or other logical functions
based on the interaction through the local
communication network. This function is
available in versions integrating thefollowing communication protocols:
Lontalk Protocol;
IEC 60870-5-104 Protocol; IEC 61850 Protocol.
Operation Modes
The TPU L420 allows the specification of
several operation modes, which affect the
operation of the control and protection
functions.
In the front panel there are two operation
modes, configurable by the user. They are
usually associated with the bay operation
mode, specifically with the control and
supervision functions performed by the
relay. Current status of each mode is
signalised by LEDs and may be directly
changed through the associated functional
keys.
Besides theses modes, the TPU L420 also
includes a menu to access other operation
modes that may be required.
The Local/Remote operation mode defines
the relay behaviour concerning the
received information from the Supervision
Command and Control System. When in
Local Mode all remote operations are
inhibited.
The Manual/Automatic mode concerns the
control functions executed by the TPU
L420. When in Manual Mode all control
functions are locked. This mode is
fundamental to perform maintenance tasks,
with the system in service.
The Normal/Emergency mode refers to the
system’s special operation. When in
Emergency mode all logical interlockings of
circuit breaker commands are inhibited.
The Special Operation mode is
characterised, by default, by the
instantaneous operation of the phase and
the earth overcurrent protections. However,
other logical conditions can be configured.
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TPU L420 1ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 8/23
M O N I T O R I N G
Measurements
The TPU L420 accurately measures, in
almost stationary state, the following
values:
RMS value of the three phase currents
and the zero sequence current (4th
current input and virtual sum of the three
phase currents);
RMS value of the inverse current;
RMS value of phase to earth and phase
to phase voltages and zero sequence
voltage, obtained by virtual sum of the
three phase voltages and the 4th voltage
input; Line frequency and bus frequency;
Differences of magnitude, phase and
frequency between the line voltage and
the bus voltage;
Active and reactive power and power
factor;
Active and reactive energy counting
(values stored in flash memory) supplied
and received;
Resistance and reactance per loop.
Based on the measurements made, the
TPU L420 calculates and registers, with
date of occurrence, the following
information:
Current peak (1 second average);
Active power peak (15 minute average);
Sum of the square current cut by the
circuit breaker in each pole;
Number of circuit breaker manoeuvres.
The high precision obtained in the
measurements generally avoids the use ofadditional transducers. All calculated
measurements are available in the local
interface or remotely through the
connection to the local area network and to
the Supervision Command and Control
System.
Analogue Comparators
Additionally to all protection and measure
functions, TPU L420 has a set of
configurable comparators for analogue
values, acquired and calculated in the
protection.
The configuration of high and low levels, as
well as the associated alarms provides the
implementation of comparison mechanismswhich are useful for the operation of the
energy system.
Load Diagram
The TPU L420 permanently calculates and
registers the daily load diagram. This
information is based on the calculation of
the 15 minute average of each of the
power measurements. All daily diagrams
can be stored for a full month.
Each diagram may be accessed locally or
through the software interface – WinProt.Data gathering is done through a serial port
or through the LAN.
Oscillography
The TPU L420 registers and stores in flash
memory a large number of oscillographies
of currents and voltages (about 60
seconds).
The length of each oscillography, the pre-
fault and post-fault times are variable and
configurable by the user. By default, the
recording starts 0.1 second before the
protection start and ends 0,1 second afterthe reset of all virtual relays of the several
functions. The maximum length is 1
second. The sampling frequency of the
analogue values is 1000 Hz.
The close of the circuit breaker also
triggers the recording of an oscillography,
and it is possible to define other logical
conditions to start this event. In particular,
there are binary inputs which may be used
for this purpose.
Unlike the load diagrams, oscillographies
can not be visualised through the relay’slocal interface. They must be visualised in
a PC, using WinProt.
Event Recorder
The TPU L420 monitors the relay’s inputs
and outputs, as well as all defined internal
logical variables. Any state change or
event is registered, with precise time
tagging (1ms resolution).
Each event may be configured to be
presented, or not, in the event recorder,
according to the desired level of detail, aswell as the associated description and the
records visualisation order. The TPU L420
stores several records in flash memory.
The storage of a new record is doneperiodically or whenever there is a
maximum number of 256 new events. Like
the other records, the event record data
can be accessed in the protection’s
interface or visualised in a PC, using
WinProt, with information gathered locally
or remotely.
Event time-tagging
The event time-tagging done by the TPU
L420 is always made in the local time zone
of the country where it is installed. For this,
it is necessary to set the deviation of the
timezone relative to the reference given by
the GMT time, as well as the day and hour
of start and end of the daylight saving
period, according to the legal regulations.
The TPU L420 receives periodically a time
synchronisation signal through the local
area network. In the absence of this signal,
an internal real time clock allows the
updating of the protection date and time
when the protection is disconnected.
Optionally, the TPU L420 can be
synchronised through an IRIG-B signal,
having a specific interface for that purpose,or trough a SNTP server, according to the
RFC 2030 standard (in versions with
Ethernet communications board).
System Information
The TPU L420 has available in real time a
large set of system information. This
information reflects the protection’s internal
status, at both hardware and software
level.
In terms of hardware it is possible to
access the status of several electronic
components, which are permanently
monitored. The information associated to
the software contains all the data regarding
the relay identification, namely relay type,
relay version, serial number, relay name,
network address, etc.
All this information can be accessed locally
or visualised in a PC, through WinProt. It
may also be reported in real time to the
Supervision Command and Control System
through the communication network.
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TPU L420 1ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 9/23
I N T E R F A C E S
Binary Inputs and Outputs
The TPU L420’s main board has 9 binary
inputs isolated among themselves and
completely configurable. There is the
option to use two expansion boards which
can be of three types:
Board Type Inputs Outputs
Main Board 9 5+1
Type 1 Expansion 9 6
Type 2 Expansion 16 -
Type 3 Expansion - 15
On each binary input, digital filtering is
applied to eliminate the bouncing effects of
the power equipment. The logical variable
and the configuration time are configured
for each input, without loosing the right
time-tagging of the start of each state
transition.
The base version of the TPU L420 has 6
binary outputs, 5 of which are configurable.
The sixth one is a changeover output which
is activated by the internal watchdog in
case of relay failure. The configuration is
similar to the binary input configuration
previously described.
In the type 1 expansion board there are
two changeover outputs and in the type 3
expansion board there are six changeover
outputs. These outputs aim to provide a
solution for logical interlockings that require
normally closed contacts, avoiding the use
of auxiliary relays.
Serial Communication
The TPU L420 has available 3 serial ports
for communication, two in the back panel
and one in the front panel.
The front panel serial port is only used tocommunicate with the WinProt application.
In the TPU L420 version with the DNP 3.0
serial protocol, both rear ports may be
used for communication with the WinProt,
and COM1 rear port may serve as support
for the DNP 3.0 serial protocol, dispensing,
in this case, with an extra communication
board.
For the remaining protocols, the COM2
serial port may be used for communication
with the WinProt. The COM1 port isreserved for teleprotection interface.
For each back panel serial port are
available four different types of interface, at
the user’s choice, namely:
Isolated RS 232 Interface
Isolated RS 485 Interface
Glass optical fibre Interface
Plastic optical fibre Interface
Interface for Teleprotection
The TPU L420 provides two different
interfaces for Teleprotection: by digitalinputs / outputs allocation and by serial
communication by the COM1 port.
The serial communication, independently
of the physical media (optic or copper), is
asynchronous to the speed of 19200 baud,
this interface being able to be converted
externally for standardized electric media
interfaces of the X.21 or G.703 type. For
optic interface, it is also possible to use a
converter for single-mode fibre, allowing a
communication in dedicated optic fibre
between terminal units.
SCADA Integration
The integration of the TPU L420 in SCADA
systems can be done through serial
communication protocols or through
dedicated communication boards, namely:
Serial Interface supporting the DNP 3.0
protocol, with communication speeds up
to 19200 baud.
Lonworks Board, using the LONTALK
communication protocol, with a
communication speed of 1.25 Mbps.
Redundant 100 Mbps Ethernet Board,
supporting the IEC 60870-5-104 and
IEC 61850 protocols. This board also
provides the TCP/IP communication
protocol for direct connection with
WinProt.
Functional Keys
Through functional keys it is possible to
change the operation mode of the
protection, to select a specific device and
command it, or to acknowledge an alarm.
Alarms
Next to the graphic display the TPU L420
has 8 configurable alarms. For each alarm
it is possible to define an associated logical
variable, choose the alarm type and the
text presented in the display.
Graphic Display
The TPU L420 has a graphic display wherea variety of information can be presented,
namely: mimic, parameterization menus
and records menus. The mimic presents
logical information with the equipment
state, alarms description, analogue
measurements and static information.
Security
Any user can access all information in the
local interface. However, for security
reasons, without the correct password the
settings can not be accessed.
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TPU L420 1ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 10/23
R E M O T E I N T E R F A C E – W I N P R O T 4
WinProt is a high-level software application
designed to interface with EFACEC’s
Protection and Control Units. It maycommunicate with different relays and with
different versions of the same relay. Its
architecture is based on the division of
functionalities on specialised modules,
whose access depends on the type of
relay and the type of user.
The structured storage of all the
information in a protected database is
another fundamental feature of WinProt.
Through the different modules it is possible
to execute several operations described
below.
Remote Access
WinProt allows local access by serial port
through a modem and remote access
through the local communication network
(LAN) or even through an Ethernet network
directly connected to the units. It is
possible to configure the settings
associated to each type of communication
and each specific unit.
The use of a LAN has an advantage
regarding the serial communication byallowing the access to any of the
protections in the network without having
to change physical configurations. Thus,
any operation of maintenance,
configuration or simply the system
monitoring can be remotely done from the
Supervision Command and Control
System. It also can be done through
intranet, if available.
Parameterisation Module
The parameterisation of each protection is
done through a specific module –WinSettings – where is possible to
configure function by function, to copy data
from one relay to another, to compare
settings from the database to those
existing in the relay or simply to compare
settings among different relays.
The user has a set of tools that help him
performing the parameterisation task, such
as graphics with time-current
characteristics, default settings, print
configurations, comparisons list, etc.
Logic Configuration Module
WinLogic is a friendly tool to configure the
relay’s programmable logic. This tool
allows the implementation of any type of
logical interlocking, including variable
timers.
Besides the configuration of the
connections between logical variables, the
user can also define the text associated to
each logical variable, validate the changes
made in the logical network, monitor in real
time the full network status and make the
logical simulation before downloading the
configuration to the protection. Logical
configuration complies with the IEC 61131-3 standard.
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TPU L420 1ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 11/23
Records Analysis Module
WinProt has a specific module for
visualisation, analysis and gathering of the
records produced by the protection:
WinReports.
The analysis of each record is simplified by
the use of specifically designed graphical
tools. For example, in the oscillography the
user can zoom, see instantaneous values,
see the phasors representation, displace
the axis, etc. The load diagram and the
event recorder can also be analysed.
Mimic Configuration Module
WinProt has a module for the mimic
graphical parameterisation: WinMimic. This
tool can only be used with units with agraphic display. It allows defining the
symbolic part, the textual part and even the
measurements and states to be presented
in the protection mimic.
Together with this module it is available a
library of graphical elements with which the
user can build the unit’s mimic.
Unit Test Module
The objective of the unit test module,
WinTest, is to execute automatic tests in
the unit, without the need for externalinjection equipment such as test sets.
This module allows the simulation of
analogue values injection, the generation
of binary inputs state changes and the
monitoring of outputs operation. It is also
possible to monitor in real time every
measurement and event produced by the
relay.
Firmware Configuration Module
WinCode was designed as a WinProt
module dedicated to the relay firmwaredownload. This operation can be
performed at any time but only by
specialised technicians.
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TPU L420 1ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 12/23
I N T E R F A C E W E B – W E B P R O T
All 420 family units offer an embedded web
server, targeted to provide, visualize and
change all the information stored in the unit.This server was conceived according to the
most recent technologies, providing all data in
XML format and providing JAVA tools (it
implies the installation of a JAVA Virtual
Machine). WebProt access is performed
through an Ethernet local area network, by
means of a standard HTML browser.
General Information
The main page presents all units’ general data,
namely, the order code, the application, the
version and the serial number. From this page,
it is possible to reach pages with morespecialized data (parameters, registers,
measures, etc.). There is also available an
access counter, a map of the accessible pages
in the server and a page with useful links
(technical support, EFACEC Web site,
e-mail, etc.).
Parameters
Through the WebProt, the user can visualize
and change several functional parameters
defined in the unit. Besides, this is subject to a
previous password insertion, for changing
purposes. It is also possible to print and exportthe complete data.
Records
WebProt allows the collection and analysis of
the different records existing in the unit
(oscillographies, event recording, load
diagrams, etc.). Concerning more complex
records, such as oscillographies, analysis tools
are downloaded directly from the server,
avoiding the need for high level specific
applications.
Schematic Diagrams
Remote monitoring of the unit’s schematic
diagram and alarm data is another feature,
available in order to allow an easy and efficient
access to the equipment state, as performed
locally.
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TPU L420 1ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 13/23
C O N N E C T I O N D I A G R A M
B
12
IN1
34
IN2
56
IN3
78
IN4
910
IN5
1112
IN6
1314
IN7
1516
IN8
1718
IN9
BinaryInputs
BinaryOutputs
Main Card
AuxiliaryPower Supply
4
1, 2
3
COM1 COM2
RS232 GateFor WINPROT
FrontalGate
Galvanic
Isolation
5
6O1
14
16 WD
17
7
8O2
9
10O3
11
12O4
15
13 O5
IO1
IO2
IO2
18
L420
1 2 3,4,5,6 FO1
IO2
P1
Piggy-backCOM1
Piggy-backCOM2
Galvanic
Isolation
Galvanic
Isolation
FO1
Ethernet
FO2TP1TP2COM4
Lonworks
Galvanic
Isolation
Galvanic
Isolation
Communication Card
Time SynchronisationModule IRIG-BIRIG-B
1
2
COM3
GalvanicIsolation
IC
IB
IA
IN
Voltages
Currents
UC
UB
UA
34
56
78
12
34
56
12
T1
T2
UD78
9
GNDGND
10
C B A
A
BC
C B A
Expansion CardType I
9 Inputs6 Outputs
Expansion CardType II
16 Inputs
Expansion CardType III
15 Outputs
BinaryOutputs
BinaryInputs
12
IN1
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
IN8 1516
12
IN1
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
IN9 1718
34
IN9.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
IN16 1718
BinaryInputs
IO4IO6
IO3IO5
IO3IO5
IO3IO5
5
6O1
7
8O2
9
10O3
11
12O4
O5
1816O6
17
15
13
14
IO4IO6
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1
2O1
17
18O9
BinaryOutputs
6
4O11
5
9
7O12
8
12
10O13
11
15
13O14
14
18
16O15
17
O10
3
1
2
IO4IO6
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TPU L420 1ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 14/23
C O N N E C T I O N D I A G R A M – B A C K P A N E L
D I M E N S I O N S
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TPU L420 1ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 15/23
T E C H N I C A L S P E C I F I C A T I O N S
Frequency 50 Hz / 60 Hz optional
Rated Current 1 A / 5 A
Thermal Withstand 5 A / 15 A Continuous
100 A / 500 A for 1 s4th Input Rated Current 5 A / 1 A / 0,2 A / 0,04 A
Thermal Withstand 15 A / 5 A / 1,5 A / 0,5 A Continuous
500 A / 100 A / 20 A / 4 A for 1 s
Analogue Curren t Inputs
Burden < 0,25 VA @ In
Frequency 50 Hz / 60 Hz optional
Rated Voltage (Phase-to-Phase) 100 / 110 / 115 / 120 V
Overvoltage 1,5 Un Continuous; 2,5 Un for 10 s
Analogue Vol tage Inpu ts
Burden < 0,25 VA @ Un
Voltage Range 24 Vdc (19 - 72 Vdc)
48 Vdc (19 - 72 Vdc)
110 / 125 Vac/dc (88 - 300 Vdc/80 - 265 Vac)
220 / 240 Vac/dc (88 - 300 Vdc/80 - 265 Vac)Power Consumption 12 to 30 W / 20 to 60 VA
Power Supply
Ripple at DC Auxiliary Power Supply < 12%
Rated Voltage / Working Range 24 V (19 ... 138) V dc
48 V (30 ... 120) V dc
110/125 V (80 ... 220) V dc
220/250 V (150…300) V dc
Power Consumption 24 V < 0,05 W (1,5 mA @ 24 V dc)
48 V < 0,1 W (1,5 mA @ 48 V dc)
110/125 V < 0,2 W (1,5 mA @ 125 V dc)
220/250 V < 0,4 W (1,5 mA @ 250 V dc)
Debounce Time 1 .. 128 ms
Chatter Filter 1 .. 255
Binary Inputs
Validation Time of double inputs 1 .. 60 s
Rated Voltage 250 V ac / dc
Rated Current 5 A
Making Capacity 1 s @ 10 A; 0,2 s @ 30 A
Breaking Capacity dc : 1/0,4/0,2 A @ 48/110/220 V; L/R < 40 ms
ac : 1250 VA (250 V / 5 A); cosϕ > 0,4
Voltage between open contacts 1 kV rms 1 min
Operating Mode Pulsed / Latched
Binary Outputs
Pulse Duration 0,02 .. 5 s
Lonworks Fibre Type
Wavelength
Connector
Max. Distance
Multimode glass optical fibre
50/125 µm or 62,5/125 µm
880 nm or 1320 nm
ST
30 kmEthernet Fibre Type
Wavelength
Connector
Max. Distance
Multimode glass optical fibre
50/125 µm or 62,5/125 µm
1300 nm
ST (SC optional)
2 km
Glass optical fibre Piggy-back Fibre Type
Wavelength
Connector
Max. Distance
Multimode glass optical fibre
50/125 µm or 62,5/125 µm
820 nm
ST
1,7 km
Communication Interfaces
Plastic optical fibre Piggy-back Fibre Type
Wavelength
Max. Distance
Plastic optical fibre (POF)
1 mm
650 nm
45 m
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TPU L420 1ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 16/23
High Voltage Test IEC 60255-5 2,5 kV ac 1 min 50 Hz
3 kV dc 1 min (power supply)
Impulse Voltage Test IEC 60255-5 5 kV 1,2/50 µs, 0,5 J
Insulation Tests
Insulation Resistance IEC 60255-5 > 100 MΩ @ 500 V dc
1 MHz Burst Disturbance Test
IEC 60255-22-1 Class III
EN 61000-4-12
2,5 kV common mode
1 kV differential mode
Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000-4-2
EN 60255-22-2 Class IV
8 kV contact; 15 kV air
Electromagnetic field EN 61000-4-3 80 MHz–1000 MHz; 10 V/m; 80% AM
900 ± 5 MHz; 10V/m; 50%; 200Hz
Fast Transient Disturbance EN 61000-4-4
IEC 60255-22-4 Class IV
4 kV 5/50 ns
Surge Immunity Test EN 61000-4-5 4/2 kV (power supply)
2/1 kV (I/O)
Conducted RF Disturbance Test EN 61000-4-6 10 V rms, 150 kHz–80 MHz
@ 1 kHz 80% am
Power Frequency Magnetic Field
Immunity Test
EN 61000-4-8 30 A/m cont; 300 A/m 3 s
Voltage Variations Immunity
Tests
EN 61000-4-11
IEC 60255-11
10 ms @ 70%; 100 ms @ 40%
1 s @ 40%; 5 s @ 0%
EMC – Immunity Tests
Interruptions in Auxiliary Supply EN 61000-4-11IEC 60255-11
5, 10, 20, 50, 100 and 200 ms
Radiated Emission
EN 55011; EN 55022 30 – 1000 MHz class AEMC – Emission TestsConducted Emission EN 55011; EN55022 0,15 – 30 MHz class A
EMC – Immunity EN 61000-6-2 : 2001
EN 50263 : 1999
EMC - Emission EN 61000-6-4 : 2001
EN 50263 : 1999
CE Marking
Low Voltage Directive EN 60950-1 : 2001
IEC 60255-5 : 2000
Vibration Tests (sinusoidal) IEC 60255-21-1 Class II
Shock and Bump Tests IEC 60255-21-2 Class II
Mechanical Tests
Seismic Tests IEC 60255-21-3 Class II
Operating Temperature Range - 10ºC to + 60ºC
Storage Temperature Range - 25ºC to + 70ºC
Cold Test, IEC 60068-2-1 - 10ºC, 72h
Dry Heat Test, IEC 60068-2-2 + 60ºC, 72h
Salt Mist Test, IEC 60068-2-11 96h
Damp Heat Test, IEC 60068-2-78 + 40ºC, 93% RH, 96h
Storage Temperature Test,
IEC 60068-2-48
- 25ºC
+ 70ºC
Degree of Protection according to EN 60529,
frontal side, flush mounted
IP54
Environmental Tests
Degree of Protection according to EN 60529, rear
side
IP20
Relative humidity 10 to 90%Environmental ConditionsTemperature - 10 ºC to 60 ºC, 40ºC damp
Weight 8 Kg
Impedance Values Primary / Secondary
Length Unit Kilometer / Mile
Line Length 1,0 .. 1000,0 (km) / 0,65..650,0 (mile)
Line Reactance 0,05 .. 500,00 Ω (In=1 A) / 0.01 .. 100.00 Ω (In=5 A)
Line Angle 30,0 .. 90,0 º
Ko Magnitude (forward, reverse and zone 1) 0,0 .. 4,0 (independent settings)
Line settings
Ko Angle (forward, reverse and zone 1) -180,0 .. 180,0 (independent settings)
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TPU L420 1ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 17/23
Number of Protection Zones 5 independent
Tripping Characteristic Quadrilateral
Start Mode Under-impedance / Overcurrent
Reactance Reach (phase-phase loops) 0,05 .. 500,00 Ω (In=1 A) / 0.01 .. 100.00 Ω (In=5 A)
Resistance Reach (phase-phase loops) 0,05 .. 500,00 Ω (In=1 A) / 0.01 .. 100.00 Ω (In=5 A)
Reactance Reach (phase-earth loops) 0,05 .. 500,00 Ω (In=1 A) / 0.01 .. 100.00 Ω (In=5 A)
Resistance Reach (phase-earth loops) 0,05 .. 500,00 Ω (In=1 A) / 0.01 .. 100.00 Ω (In=5 A)
Reactance Overreach Zone 1 (phase-phase loops) 0,05 .. 500,00 Ω (In=1 A) / 0.01 .. 100.00 Ω (In=5 A)
Reactance Overreach Zone 1 (phase-earth loops) 0,05 .. 500,00 Ω (In=1 A) / 0.01 .. 100.00 Ω (In=5 A)
Phase-phase Loops Time Delay 0,0 .. 60,0 s (independent for each zone)
Phase-earth Loops Time Delay 0,0 .. 60,0 s (independent for each zone)
Tripping Characteristic Angle – Forward 30,0 .. 90,0 º
Tripping Characteristic Angle – Reverse 30,0 .. 90,0 º
Directional Characteristic Angles 0,0 .. 60,0º
Min. Resistance – Load Characteristic 0,05 .. 500,00 Ω (In=1 A) / 0.01 .. 100.00 Ω (In=5 A)
Angle – Load Characteristic 10.0 .. 60.0 º
Min. Operational Current 0,20 .. 4,0 pu
Min. Residual Current - phase-earth loop selection 0,10 .. 4,00 pu
Min. Residual Voltage - phase-earth loop selection 0,005 .. 0,80 pu
Operational Current – Overcurrent Start 0,20 .. 10,00 pu
Time Delay – Overcurrent Start 0,00 .. 60,00 s
Min. Operating Time < 35 ms (with SIR =1 and Xdef < 0,75 Xop)Timer Accuracy 3%±10ms
Impedance Accuracy 5% of Zn
Reset Ratio – Impedance 1,05
Reset Ratio – Overcurrent 0,96
Reset Ratio – Earth Overcurrent 0,96
Distance Protection
Reset Ratio – Earth Overvoltage 0,96
Power Swing Blocking Independent of the Distance Protection’s step
Reset time 0,1 .. 10 sPower Swing Blocking / Out of StepTripping
Out of step tripping Active/Inactive
Activation Time 0,04 .. 60,0 s
Operacional current 0,20 .. 40,0 pu
Current Accuracy 3% (minimum 3% In)
Min. Operating Time < 30 ms
Switch-On-To-Fault Protection
Reset Ratio 0.96
Operational Current 0,2 .. 40 pu
Time Delay 0 .. 60 s
Min. Operating Time 30 ms (with I ≥ 2 Iop)
Timer Accuracy ± 10 ms
Current Accuracy 5% (minimum 3% In)
Reset Ratio 0,95
High Set Overcurrent Protection forPhase to Phase Faults
Max. Reset time 30 ms
Curves NI, VI, EI, LI of IEC standard
NI, VI, EI, LI of IEEE standard
Operational Current 0,2 .. 20 pu
Temporisation 0,04 .. 300 sTM regulation 0,05 .. 1,5
Timer Accuracy ± 10 ms (definite time)
3% or ± 10 ms (inverse time)
Current Accuracy 3% (minimum 3% In)
Start Value of Inverse Time Protection 1,2 Iop
Reset Ratio 0,96
Definite/Inverse Time Low SetOvercurrent Protection for Phase toPhase Faults
Max. Static Reset Time 30 ms
Operational Current 0,2 .. 40 pu
Time Delay 0,04 .. 300 s
Timer Accuracy ± 10 ms
Current Accuracy 3% (minimum 3% In)
Reset Ratio 0,96
Definite Time Universal OvercurrentProtection for Phase to Phase Faults
Max. Reset Time 30 ms
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TPU L420 1ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 18/23
Operational Current 0,1 .. 40 pu
Time Delay 0 .. 60 s
Min. Operating Time 30 ms (with I ≥ 2 Iop)
Timer Accuracy ± 10 ms
Current Accuracy 5% (minimum 3% In)
Reset Ratio 0,95
High Set Overcurrent Protection forPhase to Earth Faults
Max. Reset Time 30 ms
Curves NI, VI, EI, LI of IEC standard
NI, VI, EI, LI of IEEE standard
Operational Current 0,1 .. 20 pu
Time Delay 0,04 .. 300 s
TM regulation 0,5 .. 15
Timer Accuracy ± 10 ms (definite time)
3% or ± 10 ms (inverse time)
Current Accuracy 3% (minimum 3% In)
Start Value of Inverse Time Protection 1,2 Iop
Reset Ratio 0,96
Definite/Inverse Time Low SetOvercurrent Protection for Phase toEarth Faults
Max. Static Reset Time 30 ms
Operational Current 0,1 .. 40 puTime Delay 0,04 .. 300 s
Timer Accuracy ± 10 ms
Current Accuracy 3% (minimum 3% In)
Reset Ratio 0,96
Definite Time Universal OvercurrentProtection for Phase to Earth Faults
Max. Reset Time 30 ms
Available Phase Relations 30º .. 60º (forward/reverse)Directional Phase Fault ProtectionMemory duration after voltage drop 2,5 s
Available Phase Relations -90º .. 90º (forward/reverse)Directional Earth Fault ProtectionMin. Zero sequence Voltage 0,005.. 0,8 pu
Time Delay 0,0 .. 10,0 sRemote Tripping
Timer Accuracy ± 10 ms
Schemes DUTT / PUTT / POTT / POTT + DCUB / DCB
Line Configuration 2 terminals / 3 terminals
Send Time 0,0 .. 10,0 s
Lock Time – DCB 0,02 .. 10,0 s
Security Time – DCUB 0,02 .. 10,0 s
Lock Time – DCUB 0,02 .. 10,0 s
Failure Time – DCUB 0,05 .. 0,0s
Confirmation Time – Transient Lock 0,02 .. 10,0 s
Lock Time – Transient Lock 0,02 .. 10,0 s
Distance Protection TeleprotectionSchemes
Timer Accuracy ± 10 ms
Schemes POTT / POTT + DCUB / DCB
Line Configuration 2 terminals / 3 terminals
Send Time 0,0 .. 10,0 s
Lock Time – DCB 0,02 .. 10,0 s
Security Time – DCUB 0,02 .. 10,0 s
Lock Time – DCUB 0,02 .. 10,0 s
Failure Time – DCUB 0,05 .. 60,0s
Confirmation Time – Transient Lock 0,02 .. 10,0 s
Lock Time – Transient Lock 0,02 .. 10,0 s
Directional Earth Fault Protection
Teleprotection Schemes
Timer Accuracy ± 10 ms
Operating mode Echo / Echo + Tripping
Confirmation time 0,02 .. 10,0 s
Echo emission time 0,0 .. 10,0 s
Operational voltage (distance) 0,20 .. 1 pu (VREF = VPFASE-EARTH)
Operational voltage (earth directional) 0,05 .. 0,8 pu (VREF = VRESIDUAL)
Voltage precision 2 %
Echo and Weak End Infeed Logi c
Time precision ± 10 ms
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TPU L420 1ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 19/23
Operational Current 0,1 .. 10 pu
Time Delay 0 .. 60 s
Min. Operating Time 30 ms (with I ≥ 2 Iop)
Timer Accuracy ± 10 ms
Current Accuracy 5% (minimum 3% In)
Reset Ratio 0,95
High Set Phase Balance Protection
Max. Reset Time 30 ms
Curves NI, VI, EI, LI of IEC standard
NI, VI, EI, LI of IEEE standard
Operational Current 0,1 .. 5 pu
Time Delay 0,04 .. 300 s
TM Regulation 0,5 .. 15
Timer Accuracy ± 10 ms (definite time)
3% or ± 10 ms (inverse time)
Current Accuracy 3% (minimum 3% In)
Start Value of Inverse Time Protection 1,2 Iop
Reset Ratio 0,96
Definite/Inverse Time Low Set PhaseBalance Protection
Max. Static Reset Time 30 ms
Maximum Number of Cycles 5Dead Time 0,1 .. 60 s
Reclaim Time 1 .. 60 s
Automat ic Reclosing
Circuit Breaker Manoeuvre Time 0,05 .. 60 s
Asymmetrical Failure Detection Mode Zero or negative sequence
Operational Residual Voltage 0,05 .. 0,50 pu
Operational Residual Current 0,10 .. 1,00 pu
Operational Negative Voltage 0,05 .. 0,80 pu
Operational Negative Current 0,10 .. 1,00 pu
Operational Three-phase Voltage 0,005 .. 1,00 pu
Operational Delta Current 0,10 .. 1,00 pu
Lock Time after Line Energisation 0,05 .. 60 ,0 s
Min. Current 0,10 .. 1,00 pu
Current Accuracy 3% (of In)
Voltage Accuracy 2% (of Un)
Voltage Transformer Supervision
Timer Accuracy ± 10 ms
Operation Mode Manual / Automatic (independent)
Closing Mode OFF / LLLB / DLLB / LLDB / DLDB / Release
(independent for each operation mode)
Bus Voltage Selection A / B / C / AB / BC / CA
Bus/Line Voltage Ratio 0,10 .. 10,0 pu
Bus Voltage Angle -180,0 .. 180,0 º
Dead Line Voltage 0,05 .. 0,80 pu
Live Line Voltage 0,20 .. 1,20 pu
Max. Voltage 0,50 .. 1,50 pu
Min. Frequency 47,0 .. 50,0 Hz (rated frequency = 50Hz)
57,0 .. 60,0 Hz (rated frequency = 60Hz)
Max. Frequency 50,0 .. 53,0 Hz (rated frequency = 50Hz)
60,0 .. 63,0 Hz (rated frequency = 60Hz)
Voltage Difference 0,01 .. 0,50 pu (independent for each mode)
Frequency Difference 0,02 .. 4,00 Hz (independent for each mode)
Phase Difference 2,00 .. 60,0 º (independent for each mode)
Command Time 0,0 .. 600,0 s (independent for each mode)
Confirmation Time 0,0 .. 60,0 s (independent for each mode)
Timer Accuracy ± 10 ms
Voltage Accuracy 0,5%
Frequency Accuracy 20 mHz
Synchronism and Voltage Check
Angle Accuracy 2º
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TPU L420 1ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 20/23
Time Delay 0,05 .. 10 sBreaker Failure ProtectionConfirmation Time of Trip Circuit Failure 0,05 .. 10 s
Detection Criteria Current and Voltage/Current and CB Status
Min. Operational Current 0,10 .. 1,00 pu
Min. Operational Voltage 0,05 .. 1,00 pu
Confirmation Time 0,04 .. 1,00 sCurrent Accuracy 3%
Voltage Accuracy 2%
Dead Line Detection
Timer Accuracy ± 10 ms
Open Confirmation Time 0,05 .. 60 sCircuit B reaker and DisconnectorSupervision Close Confirmation Time 0,05 .. 60 s
Currents 0,5 % In
Voltages 0,5 % Vn
Power 1 % Sn
Frequency 0,05 % f n
Measurement Accuracy
Impedances 1 % Zn
Accuracy 2 % (Line Length), minimum 0,1Ω (sec)Fault LocatorMax. Number of Fault Records 10 (in non-volatile memory)
Resolution 1 ms
Maximum Number of Events per Register 256Chronological Event Recorder
Number of Recorded Events > 28000
Sampling Frequency 1000 Hz@ 50HzOscillographyTotal Time Recorded 60 sec
Configurable Settings High Level Value
Low Level Value Analogue Comparators
Timer Accuracy 1 s
Measurements P, QLoad DiagramTotal Time Recorded 1 month
SNTP servers number 2
Server requested time 1 .. 1440 min
Maximum variation 1 .. 1000 ms
Packages minimum number 1 .. 25
Server timeout 1 .. 3600 s
SNTP Synchronization
Functioning mode Multicast/Unicast
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TPU L420 1ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 21/23
V E R S I O N S
VERSION
AVAILABLE FUNCTIONS L420 – D L420 – R L420 – S
Distance Protection (21/21N) ♦ ♦ ♦
Power Swing Blocking / Out of Step Tripping (78) ♦
Switch-On-To-Fault Protection (50HS) ♦ ♦ ♦
Phase Overcurrent Protection (50/51) ♦ ♦ ♦
Earth Fault Overcurrent Protection (50/51N) ♦ ♦ ♦
Directional Phase Fault Overcurrent (67) ♦ ♦
Directional Earth Fault Overcurrent (67N) ♦ ♦ ♦
Distance Protection Teleprotection Schemes (85/21) ♦ ♦ ♦
Directional Earth Fault Protection TeleprotectionSchemes (85/67N)
♦ ♦ ♦
Echo and Weak End Infeed Logic (27WI) ♦
Remote Tripping ♦ ♦ ♦
Phase Balance Protection (46) ♦ ♦
Automatic Reclosing (79) ♦ ♦
Synchronism and Voltage Check (25) ♦ ♦
VT Supervision ♦ ♦ ♦
Circuit Breaker Failure (62BF) ♦ ♦ ♦
Trip Circuit Supervision (62) ♦ ♦ ♦
Protection Trip Transfer (43) ♦ ♦ ♦
Dead Line Detection ♦ ♦ ♦
Circuit Breaker and Disconnector Supervision ♦ ♦ ♦
Programmable Logic ♦ ♦ ♦
Distributed Automation ♦ ♦ ♦
Oscillography ♦ ♦ ♦
Event Chronological Recorder ♦ ♦ ♦
Fault Locator ♦ ♦ ♦ Analogue Comparators ♦ ♦ ♦
Load Diagram ♦ ♦ ♦
The TPU L420-D is suitable for less integrated applications, with specific equipment for execution of automatic reclosing and synchronism
check functions. These functions are available in other two TPU L420’ versions.
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TPU L420 1ST EDITION – REV. 1.7, MAY 2010 22/23
O R D E R I N G F O R M
TPU L420 – Ed1 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Version
TPU L420 – D DTPU L420 – R RTPU L420 – S S
Rated current on phase current transformers
1 A 1A5 A 5A
Rated current o n 4th input current
0,04 A 0,04A0,2 A 0,2A1 A 1A5 A 5A
Rated voltage on in put voltage (VPHASE-TO-PHASE)
100 V 100V110 V 110V115 V 115V120 V 120V
Rated volt age on 4th
input vol tage (VPHASE-TO-PHASE) 100 V 100V110 V 110V115 V 115V120 V 120V
Frequency
50 Hz 50Hz60 Hz 60Hz
Power Supply Nominal Value 24 Vdc A48 Vdc B110/125 Vdc/Vac C220/240 Vdc/Vac D
Expansion Board I/O 1
Absent 0Type 1 - 9 Inputs + 6 Outputs 1Type 2 - 16 Inputs 2Type 3 - 15 Outputs 3
Expansion Board I/O 2 Absent 0Type 1 - 9 Inputs + 6 Outputs 1Type 2 - 16 Inputs 2Type 3 - 15 Outputs 3
Communication Protocols
Absent 0Serial DNP 3.0 DNPLonworks with optical interface, without Auto Power Supply LON1Lonworks with optical interface, with Auto Power Supply LON2Lonworks with twisted-pair interface, without Auto Power Supply LON3Lonworks with twisted-pair interface, with Auto Power Supply LON4
IEC 60870-5-104 over Ethernet 100BaseTx redundant ETH1IEC 60870-5-104 over Ethernet 100BaseFx redundant ETH2IEC 61850 over Ethernet 100BaseTx redundant 850TIEC 61850 over Ethernet 100BaseFx redundant 850F
Serial Interface Port 1
RS 232 (by default) 0RS 485 1Plastic Optical Fibre 2Glass Optical Fibre 3 Serial Interface Port 2 RS 232 (by default) 0RS 485 1Plastic Optical Fibre 2Glass Optical Fibre 3 Language
Portuguese PTEnglish UKFrench FRSpanish ES
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N O T E S
Main Address
EFACEC Engenharia, S.A.
Rua Eng. Frederico Ulrich, 4471-907 Moreira Maia, Portugal | Tel. +351 22 940 20 00 | Fax +351 22 940 33 09 | E-mail: [email protected] | Web: www.efacec.com
Due to the continuous development, data may change without notice.
Not valid as a contractual document.