u&ifjynfrSyJhwifoHausmif;q&mrsm;pma&;NydKifyGJ

Echoes From Karen LandTeacher Story Writing Competition

ii

Echoes From Karen LandTeacher Story Writing Competition (Burmese)

u&ifjynfrSyJhwifoHausmif;q&mrsm;pma&;NydKifyGJ (jrefrmbmom)

Drum Publication GroupP.O Box 66Kanchanaburi 71000Thailanddrum@drumpublications.org

October 2006

ISBN - 974-94605-1-0

iii

rmwdum

1? awmeuf}uD;&Jhrm,m 1aemfcl0g;zkd;

2? oufqHk;wkdifopPmckdif 7aemf[ef&D

3? taqmifta±Smif 21apmomv,f

4? tcspf&JhyHk&dyf 25aemfazmtql

5? zm;armfavm 34apmv,fxl;

6? anmifoD;pm;jrm;oHpGifh 46apmxD;up,f

7? zm;qkv,f 52aemfu0,fxl;

8? aomoDawm&JhtvS 62aemfvm;ap;0g;ul;

9? wD;uavmh&JhtrSmpum; 67apmap;0g;

10? zm;pnfjzLESifharSmfausmufaqmif 72aemfabGxD;o0D;odef;armif

iv

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ESpfpOfESpfwkdif; Drum Publication rS ausmif;q&mrsm;wGuf 0wWKwkdta&;òydifyJG±Sdygonf? Tpmtkyfonf 2005 ckESpfY usif;yaom pwkwt}udrfajrmuf ausmif;q&mrsm; 0wWKwkda&;òydifyJGrS qk&±Sdonfh 0wWKwdkrsm;ukdpkaygif;I xkwfa0aom rlvu&ifbmom pmtkyftm; jrefrmbmomokd@qDavsmfatmif jyefqkdxm;jcif;jzpfygonf?

u&ifh±kd;&m,Ofaus;r_ "avhxHk;pHrsm;/ u&ifhaus;±Gmrsm;wGif aexkdifaom±Gmol±Gmom;rsm;. yGifhvif;±kd;om; jzLpifcspfp&maumif;aom pdwfxm;rsm;/ tðytrlrsm;ukd TpmtkyfxJwGif zwf±_Ekdifygonf? xkd@jyif u&ifvlrsKd;rsm; rdrd. ±kd;&m,Ofaus;r_ "avhxHk;pHrsm;tm; jyefvnfowd&+yD;wefbkd;xm;xdef;odrf;vkdonhf pdwf±Sifoefap&ef jzpfygonf?

tjcm;olrsm;uvJ Tpmtkyfukd u&ifh±dk;&m,Ofaus;r_ "avhxHk;pHrsm;tm; avhvmonfhtaejzifh zwf±_Edkifygonf?

1

a[refaqmif;Owk/ at;csrf;vSonfhtcsdef or,wGif ta0;rS=unfh vkdufv#if awmif}uD;wpfckvHk; ESif;awmxJ epf0ifaeonfhtvm; awG@&rnf?ajrjyifay:rStaiG@rsm;onf awmifxufqDokd@ wpfa±G@a±G@wufoGm; aeonf? ta0;rSvSrf;=unfhv#if awmif.tvStyukd rjrifEkdifygæ awmifurf;yg;&HwGif uyfaeaom ESif;yGifhjzLjzL tqkyftqkyfrsm;ukdom awG@&rnfjzpfonf?

awmifajc&if;wpfae&mwGif rD;yHkwpfck awmufypGm vif;xdefaeonf?rD;yHkab;wGif awmvkdufrkqdk; oli,fcsif;ESpfOD;wkd@onf tcsrf;ajyrD;v_H&if;pum;pjrnf ajymae=uonf? olwkd@yg;pyfrS taiG@rsm; wpfvHk;+yD;wpfvHk;xGufvmaeonf? csrf;at;vSaomfvnf; olwkd@ESpfOD;rSm csrf;at;yHkray:bJ Twpfacguf awmvkduf&jcif;tay: pdwftm;xufoefvsuf aysmf±$ifae=uonf? olwkd@tdrfrS xGufvmcJhonfrSm &ufowWywf±SdcJh+yD? olwkd@ar#mfrSef;xm;aom om;aumifr&ao;ojzifh tdrfokd@ajcOD;jyefrvSnfhao;yg?

olwkd@xkdifI awm=uufajcmufukd uifpm;&if; pum;ajymae=uonf?oli,fcsif;ESpfOD;teuf wpfOD;rSmydefI wpfOD;u0aoma=umifh zm;*J ( zkd;ydef)ESifh zm;abmf (zkd;0) [k trsm;uac:=uonf?

zm;abmf “oli,fcsif;æ igwkd@tdrfuxGufvmwm ckqkd&if 7 &uf±Sd+yDæ'gayrJh igwkd@vkdcsifwJhtrJukd ckxdr&ao;bl;æ 'ga=umifh igwkd@'Dtwkdif;vufcsnf;bJ jyefoGm;&ifæ aumif;rvm;?”

awmeufBuD;&Jhrm,m

2

zm;*J “'DrSm æ rif;uvJ igwkd@ 'gavmufa&mufaerSawmh qifajymif}uD;wpfaumifvHk; t+rD;bJusefawmhwJh[m qufoGm;rS aumif;rSmaygh jyefvkd@bmtusKd;±SdrSmvJ?”

zm;abmf˜ “igajymcsifwmu ckigwkd@&duQmvJ awmfawmfenf;oGm;+yDæawmf=um igwkd@pm;p&mr±SdawmhbJ aeawmhr,fæ 'gwifruao;bl;ætckigwkd@awG awmeuf}uD;xJ awmfawmfa&mufae+yDæ awmf=umigwkd@rsufapharSmufvrf;qHk;+yD; bmrSrvkyfwwfbJ aerSmpkd;w,f?”

zm;*J ˜ “rvkdygbl;uGmæ ryleJ@æ pm;bkd@u[kdtaumifav;æ 'Dtaumifav;av#mufypf+yD; 'Dvkduifpm;vkd@&wmbJæ awmeufav igwkd@vkdcsifwJhtaumif±Smypfbkd@ ykdvG,favayhgæ cktdyf=upkd@/ reufrkd;vif;rS xGuf±Sm=u&atmifæ wpfckckrsm;awG@rvm;vkd@?”

oli,fcsif;ESpfOD; ESpfòcdufpGm tdyfvkduf=uonf? rkd;wpfajz;ajz; vif;vmav+yDæ awm=uufzwkd@ [kdwpfaumif 'Dwpfaumif xwGef=u&mæ oli,fcsif;ESpfOD;rSm xIxrif;[if;csufpm;=u+yD; olwkd@aoewfukd olwkd@ppfaq;+yD;aoewfukd,fpDvG,fum om;aumifxGuf±Smjyefonf? wpfatmifh=um=umtxd bmr#xl;xl;jcm;jcm;rawG@ojzifh em;&efqHk;jzwfvkduf=uonf? okd@ESifholwkd@ aoewfESpfvufukd opfyifab;wGifaxmifxm;+yD; vSJItem;,l=uonf? wpfatmifht=umwGif zm;*J.aoewfrSm bkwfueJ vJusoGm;avonf? olwkd@ESpfOD; tvef@vef@tjzef@jzef@ESifhx+yD; tcsif;csif;ar;=uonf?

zm;*J “a[hæ oli,fcsif;æ rif;ighaoewfukd wkdufcsvkdufrdvm;”zm;abmf “bmqkdifvkd@vJæ igrsufaphESpfvHk;vHk; ydwf+yD;tdyfaewmæ igurif;wpfckckawG@vkd@vSrf;,lwm vufacsmf+yD;vJusoGm;w,fvkd@ rSwfaewm?”

3

zm;*J ˜ “b,fu[kwf&rSmvJ æ ol@zmomolvJusoGm;wmæ wpfckckrsm;vmwdkufcsvm;rodbl;?”zm;abmf˜ “rodbl;avæ uJuJæ 'gqkd 'dk@qufroGm;awmhbl;æ igwkd@em;ae&mukd jyef=upkd@?”zm;*J˜ “aumif;+yDæ 'gqkd igwkd@jyef=uwmayghæ igwkd@tckvmwmvnf;bmrSrawG@bl;?”olwkd@ESpfOD; olwkd@em;ae&mwGif aqmufvkyfxm;aom wJqDokd@ jyefvm=uonf? wpfatmifhwpfem;em;um xrif;[if;csufpm;+yD; xkdifIa&mufwwf&m&m ajymqkd=ujyefonf?

zm;abmf “oli,fcsif;&,fæ igpdwfodyfav;wmbJæ bmjzpfvkd@vJqkdawmhvl}uD;awGuajym=uw,fæ awmvkdufwJhtcg aoewfvJrus&bl;æ wpfu,fvkd@ vJuscJh&ifæ pkd;&drfp&m±Sdw,fwJh”zm;*J “at;æ [kwfw,f/ igvJpdwfav;wmbJæ 'ga=umifh reufjzef=u&ifigwkd@tdrfjyef=upkd@æ raumif;bl;vm;?”zm;abmf “ aumif;w,foli,fcsif;æ qufoGm;vkd@vJ tusKd;±Sdr,f rxifawmhygbl;uGm”

olwkd@ESpfOD;ajymqkd=u+yD; twltdyfpuf=uonf? vtenf;i,fomojzifhtawmftoifhjrif&onf? noef;acgiftcsdefwGif zm;*JrSm tayghoGm;&efEkd;vmonf? olx+yD; ab;okd@tenf;i,foGm;+yD; tjcm;wpfzufokd@ =unfhvkduf&m xl;qef;aompGwfa=umif;wpfckukd awG@vkduf&onf?

trJwpfaumifaumif. pGwfa=umif;ESifh wlaeavonf? olonf jyefIaoewfukd,l+yD; zm;abmfukdvnf; ac:rEkd;awmhbJ tomuav; pGwfa=umif;twkdif; vkdufoGm;avonf? olvkdufcJhonfrSm awmfawmfa0;a0;okd@

4

a&mufcJh+yDæ pdwfwpfjcm; ukd,fwpfjcm;jzpfae.? t&mtm;vHk; wdwfqdwfaevkdufonfrSm wpfckcku ol@ukdacsmif;ajrmif;aeovdk cHpm;&onf?0g;±Hkawmwpfckab;okd@ a&mufaomtcg pGwfa=umif;rSmvnf; aysmufoGm;avonf? olywfywfvnfokd@ vSnfhywf=unfhaomfvnf; bmr#rawG@ojzifh jyef&efqHk;jzwfvkdufavonf? olvSnfhvkdufpOf 0g;±HktaemufrS wpfckckv_yfoGm;ovkd xifvkdufrdonf? olonf aoewfarmif;uGif;xJokd@ vufukdxnfhvkdufay+yD?

ol@aoewfraygufuGJrSD ±kwfw&uf awm0ufwpfaumif oGm;t+zJom;jzifhol@xHokd@ wpf[kefxkd;ajy;0ifvm+yD; ol.ESvHk;wnfhwnfhokd@ ukduf+zJvkdufavonf? zm;*JrSm owdrxm;vkdufrdojzifh vef@jzef@+yD; aoewfvnf; ðywfusoGm;um vufwpfzufjzifh ol@&ifywfrS emaomae&mukdukdif&if; ajrjyifay:okd@ vJusoGm;avonf? wpfatmifht=umwGif oltoufxGufoGm;avonf? zm;abmfwpfa,mufrSm rltdyf,mrSEkd;vmaomtcg zm;*Jukdvkduf±Sm&m rnfonfhae&mwGifrSrawG@&onfhtwGuf aoewfukd,l+yD;[kd'Dav#muf=unfh&m zm;*JawG@cJhaompGwfa=umif;ukd awG@&avonf?olvnf; xkdvrf;a=umif;twkdif;vkdufcJh&m vrf;tqHk;wGif zm;*Jtm; tpef@om;vSJae+yD; rsufvHk;tpHkjyL;vsufom; awG@vkduf&onf? olvsifjrefpGm ajy;oGm;+yD; ac:vkdufonf?

“a[hæ zm;*J æ bmvkd@'DrSmvmtdyfaewmvJ” okd@ayrJh pum;jyefr&ojzifh ol@rsufESmtm; aocsmpGm=unfh+yD; ukd,ftm;ukdif=unfh&m at;pufaeonfukd awG@&onf? TwGif olacgif;eyef;}uD;oGm;avonf? olonfzm;*Jtavmif;tm; rsuf&nfrsufcGufESifh xrf;vkdufavonf? +yD;v#if em;ae&mokd@jyef vmavonf? olpdwfxdckdufvSonf? twlvmaom oli,fcsif;rSm rsufaphwpfrSdwftwGif; ol@tm;xm;cJhav+yD? oltrsKd;rsKd;awG;

5

aomfvnf; bmvkyf&rnfukd rodawmhyg? olpOf;pm;rdonfrSm olzm;*Jtm;xm;cJh+yD; wpfa,mufxJjyefoGm;ygu zm;*Jom;r,m;rsm;u ol@ukdtjypfwifrnfpkd;I zm;*Jtavmif;tm; ±Gmokd@jyefo,f&ef qHk;jzwfvkdufavonf? olaoewftm;vG,f+yD; oli,fcsif;tavmif;tm; ykcHk;ay:xrf;vkdufonf? oloGm;+yD; wpfatmifh=um=umavmuf±Sdv#if ol@oli,fcsif;tavmif;rSm =umavav;av cHpm;&onf? +yD;aemuf ol@aemufausmwpfckvHk; csrf;vmvonf? a=umufpdwfui,fxdyfxd a&mufvmavonf?olonf ol@ol i,fcsif;tavmif;tm; ajray:okd@zkwfueJypfcsvkduf+yD; ol@oli,fcsif;tm;=unfh&m rsufvHk;tpHkrSm jyL;=u,faeonfukd awG@&onf?olydwfay;aomfvnf; jyefIyGifhyGifhvm&m olt&rf;a=umufvef@oGm;+yD; ajcvufrsm;wkefum =uufoD;arG;nif;rsm;yif xvmygonf? wpfqufwnf;rSmyif tykyfeH@urcHr&yfEkdifavmufatmif xvmavonf? xkd@jyif t&mcyfodrf;rSm wdwfqdwfvGef;vS&m oltvGeftrif; a=umufpdwfvef‹oGm;+yD;csmueJvSnfhum b,fnmyifr=unfhawmhbJ ajcOD;wnfh&mokd@ wpf[kefxkd;ajy;avawmhonf?

olajy;vkdufonfrSm touf&SLoH[l;[l;jrnfonftxdjzpf+yD; ab;bDokd@=unfhvkduf&m vrf;rawG@awmhojzifh olvmvrf;r[kwfawmhrSef; odvkkdufavonf? olvrf;rSm;oGm;+yDf? aevnf;tawmftawmfapmif; oGm;+yDjzpf&mpdwfukdwif;+yD; ajcvSrf;jrefjrefvSrf;avonf? twef=umav#mufjyD;aomtcg ae0ifoGm;ay+yD? oltvGeftrif;a=umufaomfvnf; opfyifwpfyifatmufY tdyfvkdufavonf?

tjcm;wpfae&mrS rkqkd;om;tzESpfOD; twlwpfuG trJypfxGufvm=u&majc&mwpfckukdawG@+yD; ajc&maemufokd@ vkdufcJhavonf? vkduf&if;vkduf&if;jzifh aemufqHk;wGif ajymift}uD;}uD;wpfaumifukd opfyifatmufwGifawG@

6

vkduf&onf? zcifu aoewfukdarmif;wif+yD; ypfvkdufonfESifh xkdajymif}uD;rSm atmf[pfvkduf&m vloHESifhwlaeavonf? vl}uD;u aoaocsmcsmpl;pkduf=unfhvkdufaomtcg vlwpfa,mufjzpfaeavonf? zm;abmfrSmxrif;rpm;&I armyef;+yD; Akdufemae&onfhtxJ ajcaxmufukdaoewftypfcH&&m tvGeftrif;cHpm;&avonf?“ig=unfhwkef;uajymifwpfaumifygæ vlr[kwfbl;æ igrif;ukd ajymiftjzpfeJ@ jrif&vkd@ypfvkdufwmyg” [kajymavonf?zm;abmfrSm bmr#jyefajymcsifpdwfr±Sdawmhyg? emusOfvGef;ojzifh nnf;aeavonf? om;tzESpfa,muf zm;abmfukdxrf;+yD; ±Gm±Sdol@tdrfokd@ jyefykd@avonf? vrf;wGif zm;abmf.toufrSm tyfcsnfwpfr#ifpmavmufom usefavawmhonf? Ttjzpftysuftm;vHk;rSm awmeuf}uD;.rm,m okd@r[kwf awmajcmufjcif;om jzpfavonf? rnfonfh tcsdefrqkdrkqkd;rsm;tm; vSnfhjzm;aomawmeuf}uD;. tHh=obG,f&mta=umif; jzpfayonf? a±S;vl}uD;rsm;u “wpfcgwpfav om;aumifukdvkdufwm ukd,fukdk,fwkdifu om;aumifjzpfoGm;wwfw,f ”[lIajymavh±Sd onf?

7

a±S;bkd;ab;wkd@.,Hk=unfr_ESifhrSwfom;csufrsm;1? awmif,mxJrS opfyifwpfyifvJusv#if awmif,mykdif±Sif rdom;pk

xJrS wpfa,mufa,muftdrfaxmifusvdrfhrnf?2? tdrfrSxGufaomtcg wpfa,mufa,mufESmacsv#if c&D;rxGuf

oifhyg? taESmifht,SufawG@&wwfonf?3? ae0ifcsdeftdyfwef;wufonfhtcg =uufzwGefygu raumif;yg? tdrf

oltdrfom;wpfOD;OD; 'kuQa&mufrnfjzpfI xkd=uufukd rarG;&awmhyg? csufpm;ypf&rnf?

4? zm;±Sm/ ig;±SmxGufv#ifaiG,lroGm;&yg? aiG,loGm;yguzm;/ ig;±Smr&yg?

±Gmwpf±GmY aemfazgt,f[kac:aom rdef;rysKdav;wpfOD;±Sdonf? rdbrsm;rSmorefvufvkyfvufpm;orm;rsm;jzpfonf? aemfazgt,frSm wpfOD;wnf;aomorD;jzpf&m rdbrsm;rSm orD;av;rsufESmri,f&atmif óud;pm;I ausmif;xm;avonf? ynmoif&eftwGuf rdbrsm;ESifha0;&mokd@oGm;&ayrnf? rdbrsm;u orD;av;tm; ausmif;pnf;urf; vkdufem&ef/q&m/ q&mrrsm;. pum;ukdem;axmif&efESifh pmóud;pm;&ef t+rJoGefoifavonf? orD;av;rSmvnf; ausmif;pnf;urf;vkdufem+yD; vdrRma&;jcm;±Sdojzifh tcuftcJr±SdbJ wpfESpfwpfwef; atmifjrifavonf?

TESpfrSm azgt,f. pmoifESpfaemufqHk;ESpfjzpfaom q,fwef;wuf&rnfhESpfjzpfonf? 'DESpfwGif azgt,frSm taygif;toif;rSm;+yD; aoG;aqmifzsm;a,mif;jcif;aemufokd@ aumufaumufygatmif vkdufoGm;rdavonf?

oufqHk;wkdifopömckdif

8

azg t,frSm a*;a*;qkdaom ol@twef;az:ESifh aygif;rdavonf? a*;a*;rSmtaygif;toif;rsm;I pum;ºuG,f+yD; rsufESmrsm;oljzpfonf? &nf;pm;xm;jcif;rSm ol@twGuftqef;r[kwfyg? azgt,frSmrl cspfolrxm;bl;oljzpfojzifh tawG@tóuHr±Sdao;yg? tcspfta=umif;vnf; rpOf;pm;bl;yg? wpfae@a*;a*;onf azgt,fxHoGm;um Tokd@ajymavonf?

“azgt,f æ eifwpfa,mufuvJ q,fwef;awmifa&muf+yDæ twGJvJr±Sdao;bl;æ we*FaEGae@awG/ ausmif;ydwf&ufawGrSm tcef;bJatmif;aewm aysmfp&mvJraumif;bl;æ ihgukd=unfhprf;æ tm;vyf&ufawGrSmcspfoleJ@av#mufvnfwmæ tm;rusbl;vm;æ t&rf;aysmfp&maumif;w,fæ tyef;vnf;ajzæ OD;aESmufvnf;±Sif;”azgt,fem;axmif+yD; “rif;ajymwm[kwfygw,fæ 'gayrJh igawmh tJvkdrvkyf&Jygbl;æ awmf=umvl}uD;awGajymovkdæ rwl&ifrwkeJ‹ (arsmufuvdyfukdtwkckd;awmh arsmufbJ'kuQa&muf&w,f ) wJhæ 'ga=umifh igrvkyf&Jbl;æ vkyfvJrvkyfwwfbl;” [kjyefajymvkdufaomfvnf; olr. pdwfxJtawG; wpfrsKd;+yD;wpfrsKd; 0ifvmavonf? a*;a*;rSmrl tdrfjyefa&muf+yD; olr.oli,fcsif; apmxl;t,fxHoGm;+yD; azgt,ftm; pmay;&ef ajr‡mufay;avonf?xl;t,fu “azgt,f[m awmf±Hkwef±Hk rdef;uav;r[kwfbl;æ t&rf;vkyfvkd@ rjzpfbl;æ ighukdvnf;óudufrSmr[kwfygbl; ” [kjyefajymavonf?'gayrJh a*;a*;u xyf+yD; “ryleJ@ æ a&;oma&;æ usefwmighwm0efxm;”[kajym&m xl;t,frSm tm;wufvm+yD; pm±GufESifhabmyif,l+yD; azgt,fxH pma&;vkdufavonf? a*;a*;rSm azgt,fxHoGm;a&mufpmay;+yD;tdrfjyefvmavonf? azgt,frSm &ifwkefyef;wkef+yD; tjcm;vl awG@oGm;rSmvnf; pkd;vSonf? uwkefu&ifjzifh pmukdzGifhzwfvkdufavonf?

9

“nDrav;azgt,fokd@æ wpfckavmufajymyg&apæ rdef;uav;awGxJrSmazgavmufvSwm wpfa,mufrSrawG@zl;bl;æ rif;wpfa,mufxJ&J› tvSawG[mæ 'dk@ukdt&rf;qJGaqmifvGef;vkd@ ròrdodyfEkdifbJ pma&;vkdufrdw,fæ 'dk@b0wpf av#mufvHk; azgeJ@vufwJGoGm;csifw,fæ b,fvkdvJæjzpfEkkdifrjzpfEkdif jyefajzay;ygaemfæ

rS xl;

pmzwf+yD;onfESifh a*;a*;rSm ol@tem;okd@ ðAef;ueJay:vm&m ol@rSmtvef@vef@tjzef@jzef@ESifh pum;yifajymrxGufawmhyg?a*;a*;rSm rlazgt,fukd “b,fvkdvJæ vufcHr,fr[kwfvm;” [kar;vkdufonf?azgt,frSm rSifwufpGmjzifh “'gawmhrvG,fbl;æ ighrdbawGu ighukdt&rf;ar#mfvifhxm;wm” [kjyefajymvkdufavonf?a*;a*;rSm rwfwwf&yf+yD; azgt,f.pum;ukd jzwfum “ryleJ@azgt,fæxl;t,f[m csrf;omayrJh b0ifrjrifhbl;æ ±kd;±kd;at;at;bJaew,fæoabmaumif;+yD; pum;vJenf;w,fæ rif;omvufcHvkdufæ igrif;wkd@ESpfa,mufvHk;twGuf pDpOfay;r,f” [kajymvkdufavonf?a*;a*;tqG,faumif;r_a=umifh azgt,fESifhxl;t,frSm cspfolb0okd@a&muf±Sdum wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD; wpfae@xufwpfae@ tcspfwkd;+yD; tcspfjrpfrsm; wajz;ajz;ckdif+rJvmonf? tckawmhjzifh a*;a*; vkyfouJhokd@ azgt,fvJ vkyfwwfvm+yD; rdbrsm;. qHk;rpum;rsm;ukd owdr&awmhyg? a*;a*;twGufrSm Tta=umif;t&mrsm;rSSm tqef;wpf=u,fr[kwfawmhyg?xl;t,fESifhazgt,frSm rlESpfOD;pvHk;tcspfOD;rsm;jzpfaoma=umifh tcspftjrpfukd jzwfIr&awmhyg? tcspfOD;rkd@ tcspfrl;+yD; tcspfEGHtwGif;okd@ pkef;pkef;jr‡KyfoGm;=uavawmhonf?

10

azgt,fonf rdbxHrjyef&Jawmhojzifh xl;t,fESifhtwlaecJhavonf?azgt,frdbESpfyg;rSmrl bmr#rod±Sm? 'DESpfonf orD;uav;. ynmoifESpfaemufqHk;ESpfjzpfojzifh rnfr#yif yifyef;ygaprr_bJ ar#mfvifhcsuf}uD;pGmjzifh tvkyfvkyf±Smonf? wpfae@wGif azgt,ftarESifhtazwkd@ olwkd@awmif,mokd@oGm;&m olwkd@awmif,mxJwGif opfyifwpfyifusKd;usaeonfukdawG@ojzifh tcsif;csif; tdrfaxmifa&;ESifhywfoufonfh a=umif;rsm;ajymrd=uonf? tdrfwGifvnf; tdrfaxmifðy&ef tvm;tvm±SdolqkdI orD;uav;wpfa,mufrSvJGI rnfolr#r±Sd? olwkd@tvGefpdwfyloGm;+yD; orD;uav;xHokd@ owday;/ tm;ay;pma&;om;vkdufavonf? azgt,frSm ol@rdbxHrS pmukdvufcH&±Sd+yD; zGifhzwfvkdufavonf?

orD;}uD;'DESpf[m orD;av;&J@ ynmoifESpf aemufqHk;ESpfjzpfw,fæ

taumif;qHk;jzpfatmif óud;pm;aemfæ cspfolr±SmeJ@æ ESpfwkdif;*k%fxl;eJ@atmifovkdæ 'DESpfvJ xl;xl;c|efc|efeJ@ atmifr,fvkd@ rkd;rkd;yg;yg;wkd@ ar#mfvifhw,fæ

orD;}uD;ukdcspfwJh rkd;rkd; æ yg;yg;

azgt,frSm pmzwf+yD; rsuf&nfrsm; yg;ay:okd@ wpfoGifoGif pD;usvmavonf? azgt,ftwGuf aemufusoGm;av+yD? onf;tlaºuGrwwf ikdaºuG;±HkrSwpfyg; bmr#rvkyfwwfawmhyg? xkdtcsdefrSmyif xl;t,fu tem;a&mufvmum azgt,fukd=unfhI “azgæ 'Dvkdjzpf&wm 'dk@tjypfyg æ ckæazgoabmbJ æ 'kd@uawmh azgukdcspfwJhtcspfpdwfukd jzwfypfvkd@r&awmhbl; æ azgb,fvkdqHk;jzwfrvJ ”azgt,frSm ol@cifyGef;pdwfxdckdufrSef;odI “tkdæ xl;&,f æ xl;eJ@azg[mwpfom;xJjzpfoGm;+yDæ xl;rjywfEd kifovkd azgvJtjzwfrcHygbl;æ

11

aumif;onfjzpfap/ qif;&Jonfjzpfap azguxl;ukd aowJhtxd rcJGbl;æazgukd,f azgxl;vufxJtyfvkduf+yD”[kjyefajymvkdufavonf?xkdtcgrS xl;t,fonf ol@ZeD;pum;a=umifh pdwfoufom&m& avonf?azgt,frSm ikd&if;ESifhxl;t,fukd pum;ajymaeavonf? +yD;aemuf ol@rdbxHokd@ pmjyefa&;avonf? olrrSm rSm;cJh+yD;jzpfI rdbrsm;qlv#ifvnf;cH&rnfjzpfonf? okd@aomfvnf; tdrfokd@rl rjyefI&Jao;yg? azgt,fpma&mufonfESifh wpfòydifeufrdbESpfa,mufrSm 0rf;omtm;&ESifh tvkt,uf zGifhzwfvkduf=uonf?

trkd;/ tyg;trkd;tyg;wkd@&J@ar#mfvifhcsufukd orD;zsufqD;rdyg+yDæ avmu&J@pkH

prf;aESmifh,Sufjcif;'%fukd cHEkdif&nfr±SdbJ arsmygoGm;rdyg+yDæ tckorD;vufxyf+yD;yg+yDæ orD;a,musfm;[m obGg obGg obGg obGg obGg (ol}uD; okd@r[kwf touf}uD;+yD; *k%foa&±Sdolukd wifpm;ac:a0:onfh toHk;tE_ef;) xl;a*;&J›om; jzpfygw,fæ orD;rkdufukd cGifhv$wf+yD; qufvufvufcHEkdif&ef ar#mfvifhygw,fæ

trkd;/ tyg;wkd@udkcspfaomorD; - azgt,f

azgt,frdbESpfOD;rSm orD;.pmukdzwf+yD;onfESifh tvGefpdwfxdckduf+yD;ærdcifrSmrl twef=um=um owdvpfoGm;avonf? olowd&vmaomtcgol@cifyGef;rsufESmukd=unfh+yD; “taz}uD;&,fæ tckawmh usrar#mfvifhcsufawG vJGacsmfukef+yDæ b,fvkdvkyf&rvJ” [kajymvkdufavonf? okd@aomfolwkd@.orD;ukd cspf+rJcspfaeqJyg? azgt,f. a,muQrrSm vluHkxefjzpfaomfvnf; olwkd@twlwuGaezl;I ta=umif;odjzpfonf? xdk‹a=umifhvifr,m;ESpfa,muf tcsif;csif; ajymqkdaqG;aEG;=uonf?

12

“tif;æ obGgxl;a*;[m b0ifrjrifhbl;æ qif;&J/ csrf;omra±G;aygif;oif;wwfw,f? 'dk@odyfpdwfylp&mrvkdygbl;av/ 'dk@awGuawmh bmrSr±Sdbl;/azgt,fwkd@ESpfa,muf tcsif;csif;cspf&ifawmfyg+yDuG,fæ opfyifuusKd;usaerSawmh 'dk@awGvJvkdufem±HkbJayhgæ wpfjcm;bmvkyfvkd@&rSmvJ”

azgt,frdcifu ol@armifukdac:+yD; ol@wlrtajctaetm; oGm;a&muf=unfhckdif;avonf? OD;av;jzpfolrSmvnf; tpfrckdif;ouJhokd@ wlrtm;oGm;awG@&ef jyifqif+yD; tdrfay:rStqif;wGif ol.wli,fi,fav;wpfOD;u“[wfcsKd;” [kacsvkdufavonf? okd@aomf ol@rSmoGm;p&m±SdonfjzpfI r&yfbJ qufoGm;avonf? oGm;aeusr[kwfojzifh azgt,fa,muQrtdrftm;olrodyg? aemfa*;a*;. tdrfokd@a&mufoGm;+yD; ol@wlr. owif;ukdaemfa*;a*;rdbrsm;xH pHkprf;avonf? xkdtcg aemfa*;a*;u=um;+yD;azgt,fxHokd@oGm;I olrOD;av;vkdufvma=umif; oGm;ajymavonf?ol@OD;av;vkdufvma=umif; =um;onfESifhwpfòydifeuf azgt,fonfxl;t,f. tzkd;tbGm;tdrfokd@ oGm;ykef;aeavonf? xkdtcsdefY xl;t,frSm tdrfwGifr±SdI ol@ZeD;xGufoGm;onfukd rodvkdufyg? aemfa*;a*;rSmrlazgt,fukd ajym+yD;onfESifh jyefoGm;avonf?

azgt,fOD;av;rSm xl;t,ftdrfokd@a&mufoGm;onfhtcg rnfol@ukdr#rawG@yg? wpfatmifht=umwGif xl;t,fa&csKd;&mrS jyefwufvmonfukdawG@I azgt,fukdar;avonf? xl;t,frSmazgt,fxGufoGm;onfukdrodvkdufI ola&csKd;oGm;pOfu azgt,ftdrfrSmyif±Sdonf [kjyefajzavonf? azgt,fwpfykdwpfyg;oGm;onf [kolxifvkdufonf? naeapmif;onftxd azgt,fjyefrvmojzifh xl;t,fpdwfylvmonf? azgt,fol@OD;av;ukd a=umufIajy;ykef;rSef; ol&dyfrdvkdufavonf? rkd;vif;onftxd azgt,fjyefrvmyg?

13

xkdtcg xl;t,fESifh azgt,fOD;av;ESpfa,mufvHk; pdwfylvmavonf?azgt,fjyefrvmojzifh olwkd@xGuf±Sm=uonf? oHk;&ufajrmufonftxd±SmrawG@ojzifh olrOD;av;rSm 'Dwpfntxdom apmifhawmhrnf? ol@wlrjyefrvmygu olr.rdbrsm;tm; xkdtwkdif;bJjyefajymrnf [kqHk;jzwfvkdufavonf? xl;t,frSmrl azgt,fOD;av;tm; rjyefao;bJ ol@rdef;rtm;ul±Sm&ef qJGxm;avonf?

oHk;&ufjynfhaomtcg azgt,frSm ol@OD;av;jyefoGm;avmuf+yD [kwGufvkdufavonf? okd@aomf wl0&D;ESpfOD;rSm olrtm; ±SmazGqJyifjzpfonf?xkdokd@ ±SmaepOf azgt,fta0;rS jyefvmonfukd awG@onfESifh vrf;=um;xJokd@ 0ifykef;aevkdufonf? azgt,f wpfajz;ajz;eD;vm+yD; olrOD;av;ykef;aeonfhae&mta&mufwGif olrOD;av; ±kwfw&ufrwfwyf&yfvkduf&m olrrSm vef@jzef@+yD;ajczsm;/ vufzsm;rsm;yifat;oGm;avonf? xkd@aemufwl0&D;oHk;OD;om; xl;t,f.tdrfokd@ jyefvm+yD; pum;at;at;aq;aq;ajym=uavonf? tdrfwGifusefcJhaom azgt,frdbESpfOD;rSmaerxd/ xkdifrxdjzpfaeav+yD? oGm;&rnfuwpf&uf/ ,ckoHk;&uf±Sd+yD? bmrsm;jzpfjyef+yDvJ [kpkd;&drfrd=uonf? vl}uD;olrrsm;u ajymavh±SdonfrSmæ ckawG@ckóudufawmh 'kuQa&mufqkdwm 'gbJjzpfrSmbJ [kawG;rdavonf? “wpfae@u igharmifukdroGm;ckdif;rd&if+yD;a&m” [kajym+yD; azgt,ftarrSm tvGefpdwfylyifaomu a&mufavawmhonf?

wpfae@+yD;wpfae@ orD;jzpfolukd ar#mfaeavonf? wpfae@rkd;vif;I tdrfa±S@okd@=unfhvkduf&mol@armiftm; wl/ wlrESifhwuG twljyefvmonfukdawG@I vGefpGm0rf;omoGm;=uavonf? orD;jzpfoljyefa&mufonfESifh rdwfaqGrsm;ESifh vl}uD;olrrsm;tm;zdwfI pm;yGJ/ aomufyGJðyvkyf+yD; aysmf±$ifpGmawG@qHkpm;aomuf=uavonf? wpfae@wGif azgt,frSm ukd,f0efp±Sd&m

14

ig;[if;wpfcGuf tvGefpm;csifavonf? xl;t,frSm azgt,fpm;csifor#&atmif±SmazGay;onf? xl;t,frSm trJvkduf/ om;/ ig;±Sm&mwGifu|rf;usifoljzpfonf? ol[if;pm;±SmxGufwkdif; rnfonfhtcgr# vufcsnf;Avmjyefrvmyg?

'Dwpfacguf ol@ZeD;u ig;[if;pm;csifonfqkdI olonf a,muQray;aomtdwfukdvG,fvkdufonf? vl}uD;wkd@. xHk;pHtwkdif; om;orD;wpfOD;OD; tdrfaxmifusv#if om;rufukd tdwfwpfvHk;ay;avh±Sdonf? txJwGif uGrf;tpfwpfvHk;±Sd+yD; xkduGrf;tpfxJwGif uGrf;oD;/ uGrf;±GufESifh aiG'*F g;ukd xnfhay;avh±Sdonf?

xl;t,frSm owdrxm;rdbJ ykdufuGefukd,lum jrpfxJokd@ ig;±SmxGufavonf? roGm;cif ol@ZeD;tm; xrif;csufxm;ckdif;+yD; wpfatmifh=umv#ifig;[if;ESifh xrif;jyefvmpm;rnf [krSmcJhavonf? Tae@onf xl;t,ftwGuf tvGefxl;qef;avonf? ykdufuGefypfaomfvnf;ig;r&? wpfaeukefaomfvnf; ig;av;wpfaumifr#r&yg? azgt,frSm rlxrif;csuf/ ig;ydaxmif;axmif;xm;+yD; a,musfm;jzpfoltm; apmifhavonf? rGef;vJGonfhwkdif olra,mufsm;jyefrvmojzifh tvGefqmavmifav+yD? qmonfhtxdapmifh+yD;rS xrif;ESifhig;[if;ukd +rdef,SufpGmpm;=urnf [ktcsif;csif; ajym=uonf?

rGef;vGJtxd apmifhaomfvnf; xl;t,fjyefrvmyg? npmyifjyefcsuf&av+yD? xl;t,frSmrl ol@ZeD;tm; au|;csifpdwfjzifh óud;pm;+yD;ig;±Smavonf?qmavmifaomfvnf; ig;r&ojzifh rauseyfyg? 'Dwpfacguf aemufqHk;t}udrf ykdufypfvkduf&m ig;±Snf±Snfao;ao; oHk;aumifrdavonf? bgbJjzpfjzpf oljyef&awmhrnf? tdrfwGifusefcJhaom azgt,frSm pdwfylvSpGmjzifh rdb

15

ESpfOD;tm; xrif;pm;+yD;v#if ol@a,musfm;tm; oGm;±Smrnf [kajymvkdufonf? ol@a,musfm;rsm; a&xJrsm;usao+yDvm; [kpkd;&drfrdavonf?xrif;pm;awmhrnfhqJqJwGif xl;t,fpdwfrcsrf;ompGmjzifh jyefa&mufvmavonf? azgt,frSm a,musfm;tm;jrifaomtcg xrif;yef;ueftm; jyefcs+yD; 0rf;omtm;&ESifh a,musfm;.tdwfukd ig;[if;csufrnfhpdwfESifhajy;,lvkdufonf? xl;t,fbgr#rajymyg? azgt,frSmtdwfxJrS ig;av; (3)aumifukdawG@aomtcg om;trdom;tzoHk;OD;om; us,favmifpGm&,farmrd=uavonf? xl;t,frSmrl pdwfqif;&JpGmjzifh “u|efawmfwu,fhukd apwemeJ@±SmwmbJ 'gayrJh±Smr&bl;æ bmjzpfvkd@rSef;rodbl;” [kajymvkdufavonf?

azgt,frSm bmr#ajymraebJ ig;av;oHk;aumiftm;uif+yD; xrif;twlpm;=uavonf? xl;t,frSm tqmvGefonfhtjyif ig;±Smr&ojzifh ±Sufum xrif;=uufOwpfvHk;pmavmufom pm;Ekdifavonf? azgt,fwkd@om;trd/ om;tzoHk;OD;rSmrl ig;av; 3 aumifyif±Sdapumrl xrif;pm;vkduf/pum;ajymvkdufESifh xrif;wpftkd;vHk; rnfokd@ukefoGm;onfukdyif rodvkdufyg? xrif;pm;+yD;aomtcg azgt,frSm ol@a,musfm;tdwftm; uGrf;pm;&efEd_uf,lvkduf&mæ uGrf;tpfxJwGif aiGukdawG@&m ol@a,musfm;tm;“xl;æ xl;ig;±Smr&wm aiGukdvG,foGm;rdvkd@æ a±S;bkd;bGm;awGu 'Dvkdajymavh±Sdw,fæ r,Hk&ifreufjzef aiGukd,lroGm;bJ ig;oGm;±Sm=unfhæig;&ukd&aphr,f”

aemufwpfae@ rkd;vif;aomtcg xl;t,frSm yvkdif;av;vG,f+yD; ykdufuGefukd,lum ig;±SmxGufjyefonf? Twpfacgufawmhjzifh ykdufwpfcgypfig;&/ESpfcgypfig;&ESifh wpfem&DeD;yg;=umaomtcg ig;rsm;yvkdif;tjynfhESifh xl;t,fjyefa&mufvm+yD; csufðywfum +rdefa&,Sufa±aomuf=uavonf?

16

azgt,frSmwpfpwpfpESifh ukd,f0ef&ifhrmvmavonf? xl;t,frSmZeD;.0rf;Akduftm;ukdif+yD; “igh&J›om;OD;[m a,musfm;av;jzpfr,fvkd@ ar#mfvifhw,f”[kt+rJajymavh±Sdonf?

r=umcif obGgxl;a*. tvkyform;rsm;rSm obGgxl;a*;tm; ol.qifrsm; tvkyfvkyfonfhae&mokd@ oGm;=unfh+yD; tusKd;tjrwfxkwf,l&ef rSm=uavonf? ESpfwkdif;ESpfwkdif; obGgxl;a*ukd,fwkdif oGm;avh±Sdonf?'DESpfawmhjzifh om;jzpfolrSm tdrfaxmifus+yDjzpfI ol@vkyfief;rsm;tm; om;vufxJokd@ tyfcsifojzifh om;tm; qif±Sd&mtvkyfpcef;okd@ oGm;a&mufpDrHckdif;avonf?

xl;t,frSm zcifckdif;ouJhokd@ c&D;xGuf&ef jyifqifavonf? roGm;cifnYZeD;jzpfolESifh wpfnvHk;pum;ajymavonf? a0vDa0vif; yxrt}udrf=uufwGefonfESifh azgt,ftdyf,mrSx+yD; xrif;[if;csufðywfum ol@a,musfm;twGuf xkyfykd;+yD; a,musfm;jzpfoltm; xrif;pm;&efEd_;avonf? pm;aomuf+yD;aomtcg ol@nDav;tm; olESifhvkduf&ef ac:avonf? tdrfrSrxGufrD ZeD;tm; usef;rma&;*±kpkduf&efESifh olc&D;oGm;wmwpfvavmuf=umrnf [kajymavonf? rSm=um;+yD;onfESifh olc&D;pxGufavonf? ESpfywfavmuft=umwGif ol@tvkyfpcef;okd@ a&muf±Sd+yD; tvkyftukdifrsm;ukd wpfck+yD;wpfck pDrHcef@cGJum tusKd;tjrwfukd xkwf,l+yD; tvkyform; wpfa,mufpDukd vkyfcrsm;±Sif;ay;avonf? usefonfhaiGtm; ol@rdbrsm;xHjyef,lvmay;rnf? ol@ZeD;twGufvJ ausmufem&DvSvSav;wpfvHk; 0,fvmay;onf?

xl;t,fjyifqif+yD; jyefrvmrSD pyf=um;ol@tdrfY xl;qef;aomtjzpftysufrsm; jzpfysufavonf? xl;t,ftdrfaxmifuspu ol@ZeD;tm; ESif;qDyif

17

wpfyif vufaqmifay;+yD; ol@ZeD;tm; pkdufckdif;avonf? ESif;qDyifuav;rSm a&avmif;+yD; *±kpkdufjcif;cH&ojzifh vsifjrefpGm }uD;xGm;vmavonf?r=umrD vSypGm yGifhvmavonf? xl;t,fonfazgt,ftm; olronftdrfwpfvHk;vHk;tm; usufoa&±Sdapaom TESif;qDyifuav;ESifhwlonf[kt+rJE_dif;,SOfajymavh±Sdonf?

xl;t,fonf trJvkduf0goemvnf;yg&m olonf=uufwdefnifav;wpfaumiftm; arG;xm;avonf? oltm;vyfonfhtcg T=uufwdefnifav;ESifh awm=uufrsm;tm; axmifzrf;&m awm=uuft+rJ&ojzifh [if;aumif;tqufrjywfaoma=umifh T=uufuav;tm; xl;t,ftvGefcspfavonf? ol@ocifc&D;xGuf+yD;aemufykdif;Y Tokd@jzpfysufavonf?

wpfnaeæ ae0ifonfhtcsdef =uufwef;wufcsdefY xl;t,fcspfaomT=uufuav;rSm ol@wkwfwef;ay:wuf+yD; 3 cgwGefvkdufavonf? xkdtcgazgt,frSm tdrfoltdrfom;rsm; tEœ&m,fwpfckckESifh óuH&awmhrnfukdodESifhavonf? =uufwdefniftm; owf&rSmvnf; ol@cifyGef;tvGefcspfaom=uuf jzpfaeojzifh olZa0Z0gjzpf aeayonf? ol@a,musfm; jyefvmrS csufau|;rnf [kpdwfqHk;jzwfvkdufavonf?

xl;t,fc&D;oGm;+yD; r=umrD azgt,fonf om;a,musfm;av;wpfOD;ukdarG;zGm;avonf? “apmwmrlvmvJy0,f” (ar#mfvifhcsufjynfhpHkjcif;) [ktrnfay;onf? tb,fa=umifhqkdaomf ol@zcif. ar#mfvifhcsufukd jynfh0apaoma=umifhjzpfonf? cifyGef;onfjyefvmcgeD;tcsdefY olronfcifyGef;tm; tdrfa±S@wGif xGufar#mfavonf? wpfreufY azgt,fol@ESif;qDyifuav;tm; a&avmif;&ef toGm;wGif ESif;qDwpfyifvHk;ajcmufaoG@ ae

18

onfukd awG@vkduf&onf? xkdtcsdefwGif azgt,f. &ifwpfckvHk; pkd;&drfpdwfESifhjynfhv#H oGm;avonf? aerxdxkdifrxdawmhyg? raysmf±$ifawmhyg?

ol@cifyGef;oGm;+yD; wpfvjynfhonfhtcg ol@cifyGef;jyefvmawmhrnf [kwGuf+yD;acgif;zD;/ vdrf;jc,f+yD; om;uav;ukdcsDum cifyGef;onftm; }udK&ef tdrfa±S@Y xGufxkdifavonf? okd@aomfpdwfxJwGifvnf; ol@cifyGef;rsm; wpfckckrsm;jzpfrvm; [kpdwfxifhaeavonf? pdwfxJY ylyifa=umifhuspGm awG;awmcsdefY ol.rwfuav; (a,musfm;.nD) jyefa&mufvmavonf?

ol@rwfuav;rSm ol.r&D;tm; uav;av;csDvsuf tdrfa±S@Yxkdifaeonfukd jrif&v#if pdwfrxdef;EdkifawmhbJ rsuf&nfusavawmhonf? okd@aomfpdwfwif;+yD; ol@r&D;xHokd@vmum ol@tpfukda&;cJhaompmtm; ay;+yD;tdrfxJokd@tomav;0ifoGm;avonf? azgt,frSmrl ol@cifyGef;rjyefvmEkdifao;I ol@nDtm; t&ifjyefckdif;onf[k xifrdavonf? olonf ol@cifyGef;pmukd rsuf&nft±$Jom;jzifh zGifhzwfvkdufavonf?

toufa& æ

rar#mfvifhbJ toufeJ@ukd,f 'Dwpfcgpum;aemufqHk;ajymjcif;bJ jzpfvdrf@r,fæ toufeJ@twl t+rJaeoGm;csifayrJh tcGifhta&;r&awmhbl;æukd,fquftouf±Sifbkd@ rvG,fawmhbl; æ wpfoufvHk;cGJoGm;&awmhr,f/'gayrJh opPm±SdpGmeJ@ óudoGm;+yD;apmifhaer,faemfæ touf ukd,fhtay:rSmopPm±Sdao;&if jyefawG@=utkH;rSmyg æ

touf&JhcifyGef;xl;

19

azgt,frSm pmzwf+yD;onfESifhwpfòydifeuf rsuf&nfylrsm; wpfoGifoGifpD;usum ±_dufidk&if;jzifh owdvpfvJusoGm;avawmhonf? olowdjyefvnf&vmaomtcg ol@rwfuav;tm; tusKd;ta=umif;tpHkukd ar;jref;avonf? ol@rwfuav;uvnf; ol@tm;wpfqifh+yD; wpfqifhjyefvnfajymjyavonf?

“tpfukd[m vkyfief;awGtm;vHk; pDrH+yD;wmeJ@ u|efawmfeJ‹tpfudktwljyefvm=uw,fæ vrf;rSm ol[m rdom;pkeJ@jyefawG@&awmhrSmrkd@ aysmf±$ifpGmeJ@pum;awGajymvm =uwkef; rar#mfvif hbJ "g;jywpftkyfeJ @wk d; +y D;"g;jytwkdufcH&w,fæ "g;jyawG[m tpfukd@ypPnf;awG tm;vHk;,l+yD; aovkajrmyg;±kdufESuf+yD; ypPnf;eJ@ aiGawGukd,l+yD; xGufoGm;=uw,fætJ'Dae&m[m ±GmeJ@a0;+yD; vljywfwJhtwGuf u|efawmfeJ@tpfukd[m awmxJrSm ESpfa,mufxJbJ±Sdw,fæ u|efawmfbgrSrvkyfwwfawmhbl;æ awmxJrSm arSmiftwdus+yD; u|efawmft&rf;a=umufw,fæ jyefvmbkd@uvJtpfukdu vrf;rav#mufEkdifawmhbl;æ u|efawmfuvnf; "g;jyawG ±kdufxm;vkd@ t&rf;ukdemusOfaew,fæ 'gayrJh u|efawmfui,fvkd@ tpfukd@udkbJzd+yD;±kduf=uw,fæ wpfnvHk;awmeufxJrSmbJ tdyf&w,fæ tpfukd[mtoufrxGufcif 'Dpmudka&;+yD; "g;jyawGawG@roGm;wJh em&Dav;wpfvHk;ukday;+yD; tpfrukdjyefay;ckdif;w,fæ neufav tat;"gwfu onf;vmawmh tpfukd@'g%f&m[m rcHr&yfEkdifavmufatmif emusOfvmvkd@ t&rf;ukdnnf;wGm;w,fæ 'gayrJh ulnDrJholu wpfa,mufrSr±Sdbl;æ =umavrcH&yfEkdifaveJ@ oef;acgif,HtcsdefrSmbJ qHk;oGm;w,fæ u|efawmfua=umufa=umufeJ‹ tpfukd@tavmif;eJ@ reufrkd;vif;wJhtxd ae&w,færeufusawmh ol@ukdajrjr‡Kyf+yD; jyefvmwmbJ”

20

ol@rwfuav;rSm tjzpftysufrsm;ukd rsuf&nfvnf±$JESifh ajymjyavonf?azgt,frSm cifyGef;.tjzpftysuftm; =um;&onfhtcg ajymrjywwfatmif pdwfxdckdufavonf? oljyefvnfawG;rdonfrSm ol@cifyGef;toufqHk;onfhae@ESifh ol@ESif;qDyifajcmufaoG@oGm;onfhae@rSm wpf&ufxJjzpfaeayonf? olpdwfxdckdufpGmjzifh tawG;rsm;csmcsmvnf+yD; wpfatmifh=umtdyfaysmfoGm;avonf? tdyfaysmfaepOf ol@cifyGef;ol@aemufvkduf&ef jyefvmac:onf[k tdrfrufrufavonf? olom;uav;ukd,l+yD; vkdufbkd@jyifpOfvef@Ekd;vmonf? 'Dwcg ykdIpdwfxdckdufum rpm;EkdifraomufEkdifawmhojzifh =umvmaomtcg ESvHk;a&m*gpGJuyfvmawmhonf?

aemufqHk;wGif ESvHk;a&m*gzdpD;r_uwpfa=umif;/ aoG;Ekom;Ekjzpfonfuwpfa=umif;a=umifh ylyifaomua&mufvGef;ojzifh aoG;wufum qHk;oGm;avonf? olonfom;uav;ukd r#roem;awmhbJ wdwfwdwfuav;xm;cJhum cspfvSpGmaom cifyGef;onfaemufaumufaumufygatmifvkdufoGm;avawmhonf? azgt,fonf aoonfhtxd cifyGef;tay:opPmapmifhodoGm;avonf? rdbrJhom;uav;ukdrl tbkd;tbGm;wkd@ vuf0,fpdwfcsvufcsxm;cJhavawmhonf?

21

taqmifta±±½Smif

tcsdefumvwkd@onf wpfa±G@a±G@ESifh wpfcsdef+yD;wpfcsdef tvDvDajymif;vJoGm;onf? rkd;&moD/ aqmif;&moDukefqHk;+yD; aEG&moDa&mufcJhjyef+yD? aEGa&muf a=umif;ukd obm0ywf0ef;usifwpfckvHk; wpfr[kwfcsif; ajymif;vJoGm;jcif;jzifh odEkdifavonf? awmifwef;ay: ar#mf=unfhygu opf±Gufwkd@ukdpdrf;pdrf;pkdpkd rjrif&awmhyg? t0g a&miftjzpfokd@ ajymif;vJoGm;onfukd awG@&avonf? ta±S@ajrmufav pwifwkdufckdufvmyg+yD? O=oiSufuav;wkd@.O=oæ O=o [kwGefusL;oHrSm vGrf;armpzG,faumif;vSonf? vlwdk@.&ifxJY tawG;rsm; [kda&muf'Da&mufESifh upOf@uvsm; ajy;v$m;ae=uonf? rkd;aumif;uif}uD;onf =unfvifvS+yD; ntcsdefaumif;uifokd@armf=unfhygu =u,fwm&mwdk@ rSdwfwkwf/ rSdwfwkwfESifh vif;vufaeonfukd =unfh&onfrSm tvGefvSygyonf?

jyuQ'defukd=unfhvkdufygu jymokdvukefqHk;I wykd@wJGvokd@ pwif0ifcgpjzpfonf? bkd;ab;wkd@onf obm0ywf0ef;usif ajymif;vJonfukd=unfh+yD; wykd@wJGvqef;wGif u&ifESpfopful;yGJawmfukd aysmf±$ifpGmusif;y=u+yD; wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD; “rRM>tD.uJ< ylR’k.ylR’g/ (rm;aeatmfuJ/ bl'lbl'g;) [lI tvkyftukdifjzpfajrmuf+yD;&ef ta0;rSuif;ajrmufap&ef qkrGefaumif;awmif;ay;=uonf? aemufxyfwpf&ufESpf&uft=umwGif rdbbkd;ab;wkd@onf rkd;aumif;uifay:okd@ armf=unfh&m =u,ftrsKd;rsKd;tzHkzHk vif;vufaeonfukd vSypGmawG@&onf? arSmifpysKd;csdefY =u,ftrsKd;rsKd;=um;rS ('Jrlxl) [kac:aom a=u;rHkwm&mjzpfaom =u,fckepfvHk;u tay:wnfhwnfhaxmifaomtcsdefukd awG@&rnf? xkdtcsdefwGif bkd;ab;wkd@onf awmif,mvkyfcsdefa&mufrSef; csufcsif;odvkdufavonf?

22

xkdtcgolwkd@u “om;wkd@/ ajr;wkd@æ a=u;rHkwm&mwnfhcsdefa&muf+yD?awmif,mckwfcsdefa&muf+yD? "g;awG/ ypPnf;ypP,awG jyifqif=u ” [kajym=uonf? om;ajr;wkd@uvnf; rdbwkd@ajymonfhtwkdif; awmif,mvkyfief;cGif0if&ef ypPnf;ypP,rsm;ukd jyifqif=uavonf? bkd;ab;wkd@u ,ckESpfawmif,mckwf&ef ae&mukdwkdifyif+yD; a±G;cs,f=uavonf?

aemufwpfae@ rkd;vif;onfESifh bkd;ab;ESifhom;ajr;tcsKd@wkd@onf awmif,mckwf&efae&mukd t±SmxGuf=uonf? olwkd@vrf;oGm;aepOf orif/ pkdif/ a¹rGponfwkd@ vrf;jzwful;oGm;onfukdjrifv#if a±S@qufroGm;bJ tdrfukdjyef=uavonf? aemufwpfae@Y xyfrHI awmif,m±SmxGuf=ujyefonf? vrf;c&D;Y rnfonfht&mr#rawG@v#if aumif;onf [k,lq+yD; awmif,mckwfrnfh ae&ma&mufatmif oGm;=uavonf? awmif,mckwfrnfhae&modk@a&mufaomtcg vrf;±Sif;+yD; awmif,mckwfpOf csufðywfpm;aomuf=uavonf? awmif,mckwf&ef ywfywfvnfukda±Smuf=unfhpOf “òcHykwfiSuf”toHukd=um;&+yD; ajrmufavayGukdawG@v#if xkdae&mwGif awmif,mrckwfawmhyg? “òcHykwfiSuf” ESifhajrmufavayGwkd@onf vkyfief;ukd=uef@=umaponfhonf [k,lqonf? vkyfief;wpfcgr# +yD;jywfonfr±Sdyg? wpf0ufwpfysufESifh xm;cJh&+yD; toD;tyGifhukd rpm;aomuf&yg? tcuftcJtrsKd;rsKd;ESifh &ifqkdif&wwfonf? xkd@a=umifh ae&mtopfukd xyfrH±Smjyefonf? olwkd@ ,lqaom raumif;onfhtcsufrsm;ESifh uif;onfhae&mukdawG@rS xkdae&mwGif awmif,mckwfavonf?

awmif,mckwfonfhtcsdefwGif bkwfiSufrsm;tjrifhwGif ysHoef;+yD; “ay;a0ua&mh/ ay;a0 æ ua&mh” [ktoHay;aeonf? xkdtcsdefwGif awmif,mckwfcsdefa&muf+yD [kt"dyg,f&onf omru “ol;ol;oG,f” [kac:aomykd;aumifwpfrsKd; teD;tem;wGif ol;ol;oG,f [katmfjrnfae=uonf?

23

Tykd;aumifrsm;onf u|Ekfyfwkd@ukd awmif,mckwf csdefa&muf+yD [ktoday;aeavonf? awmif,mckwfcsdef+yD;aemuf ukdif;vSrf;csdef+yD;v#if ukdif;ukdrD;±_d@olrsm;onf “xkd;vD; xkd;vD; ” [knmoHay;+yD; atmf[pf=uonf? t"dyg,frSm rD;aumif;aumif;awmuf+yD; ukdif;rsm;ukdESH@pyfatmif avmifEkdif&efjzpfonf?

aemufwpfckrSm bkd;ab;wkd‹onf ukdif;±_d‹rnhfeHeufapmapmwGif tdrfwGifusefcJhaom om;r,m;wkd‹onf a&csKd;/ rsufESmopf/ acgif;zD;+yD; tdrfay:/tdrfatmufoef‹±Sif;a&; vkyf&onf? Tokd‹ðyvkyf&jcif;. t"dy`g,frSmawmif,mwpfc kvH k ; r D ;aumif;aumif;avmifap&ef jzp fonf?awmif,mrD;&_d@+yD; aemufwpfae@rkd;vif;v#if awmif,modk@jyefoGm;I awmif,m wpfckvHk;. rD;avmifr_tajctaeukd ESH@ES@Hpyfpyf av#muf=unfhavonf? rD;avmifjyifxJwGif a¹rGaousefcJhonfukd awG@ygu tdrfokd@tomuav; jyefoGm;avonf? aemufwpfae@wGif =uufuav;wpfaumifukd,lI =uuf±kd;edrdwfzwf=unfhonf? edrdwfaumif;v#if tvkyfqufvkyf+yD;edrdwfraumif;v#if xkdawmif,mukd qufrvkyfbJ ypfxm;cJhavonf?

a¹rGqkdonfhowW0gonf tvGefvsifjrefonfh owW0gjzpfaomfvnf; rD;avmifusefcJhonfhtwGuf Tawmif,mwGif tvkyfvkyfygu zsm;em+yD;tdrfoltdrfom;rsm; qHk;yg;onfhwkdifatmif tcuftcJrsm; awG@&wwfonf [k,lq+yD; Tawmif,mukd a±Smif=uavonf? bkd;ab;wkd@wGifaqmifoifha±Smifoifhaom ±kd;&m"avhrsm;±Sd&m a±Smif&eftcsufrsm;ukdra±Smifygu ab;awG@wwfojzifh ‚if;wkd@t"dua±Smif&rnfh tcsufrsm;jzpfaom pyg;pkdufcsdefESifh pyg;o,fcsdef. a±Smif&rnfhtcsufrsm;ukd t"duxm;a±Smif=uonf? ra±Smifyguolwkd@,Hk=unfonfhtwkdif; jzpfwwfonf?

24

aumufodrf;csdefwGif rnfolr#olwkd@ awmif,mxJokd@ r0ifvm&yg? tu,fI vlwpfa,mufa,muf0ifvmrdygu xkdoljyefoGm;csdefY pyg;vdyfjymrsm;olESifhygoGm;+yD; pyg;r&awmh [k,Hk=unf=uonf? pyg;e,fcsdefY olwkd@qDwnfhwnfhroGm;&yg? olwkd@ukd ausmfjzwfoGm;csifygu/ olwkd@tay: (okd@)ab;bufrSoGm;&rnfjzpfonf?

tu,fI olwkd@xHwnfhwnfhoGm;rdygu =uufzkd/ =uufrESpfaumif tavsmfawmif;ayrnf? olwdk@ t"dua±SmifaomtcsufrSm pyg;usDodrf;csdefjzpfonf? xkdtcsdefY olwkd@awmif,mxJokd@ r0ifEkdif&ef olwkd@awmif,mokd@0ifaomvrf;ukd }udrfcg;zl;t±GufESifh wHrsufpnf;tyif. t±Gufwkd@ESifh ydwfxm;avonf? pyg;usDodrf;csdefY oifoGm;rdygu oifhukd pyg;usDodrf;+yD;onftxd qJGxm;+yD; olwkd@ESifhtwl pm;aomuf+yD;rS jyefv$wfayrnf?

okd@aomf oifpm;aomufaepOf t&ufESifh=uufuif {nfhcH&m oifxrif;pm;+rdefrnfjzpfonf? bkd;ab;wkd@onf olwkd@pyg;usDodrf;onfhtcsdefY (xkdbD;*g)[laomiSufrsm;ukd jyefrv$wfyg? xkdiSufwpfrsKd;ukd olwkd@xH pyg;,laqmifvmay;onfhiSufrsm; [k,Hk=unf=uojzifh xkdiSufrsm;ta±S›wGif oifhukdt&ifay;rjyefyg? r[kwfv#if pyg;vdyfjymrsm;onf oifhaemufvkdufoGm;+yD;xkdESpfwGif 0rf;pmravmufriS jzpfrSmpkd;&drfaoma=umifh jzpfonf?

25

apmrl;aev,fhonf vluHkxefom;ysKdwpfOD;jzpf+yD; csif;rkdifawmif=um;xJrS'0kdif;puuf [kac:aom±GmwGif aexkdifonf? vGefcJhonfhig;vY r,fw&dwGif usif;yðyvkyfaom u&ifESpfopful;yGJawmfokd@ oGm;a&mufcJhpOfuaemfavmft,ftrnf±Sd u&ifrdef;racsmwpfOD;ESifh awG@qHkcJh+yD; arwWmouf0ifum zGifhrajymbJ raeEkdifatmifyif jzpfrdaoma=umifh ar#mfvifhjcif;rsm;pGmESifh cspfcGifhawmif;rdcJhavonf?

rl;˜ “rdef;racsmav;&,fæ 'dk@rif;ukdodyfcspfrdae+yD æ 'dk@ukdcspfcGifhay;Ekdifrvm;?”avmft,f “ukdvlysKda&æ 'dk@vJrif;ukdtckrSawG@æ rif;vJ'dk@ukdtckrSawG@wmwpfa,mufta=umif;wpfa,muf rodbJeJ@ b,fvkdtajzay;&rSmvJ?”

aemfavmft,f.tajzrSm apmrl;aev,f. pum;ukd wpfcgxJjzwf+yD;om;jzpfoGm;avonf? bmr#apm'urwufEkdifawmhyg? tcspf.v_H‹aqmfr_a=umifh aoaocsmcsm rpOf;pm;rday? ol±Suf±GH@pGmjzifh tomav;aevkdufavonf? xkdtcsdefrSpI apmrl;aev,fhrSm aemfavmft,f. rsufESmvSvSav;tm; t+rJjrifa,mifrd+yD; aemfavmft,frSmvnf; apmrl;aev,fpum;ukd t+rJ=um;a,mifrdavonf?

wcgwGif apmrl;aev,fhonf rdbrsm;ukdcGifhawmif;+yD; rl,lòrd‹okd@ um;armif;I tvnfxGufonf? rl,l±Sd OD;av;tdrfokd@a&muf+yD; wpfatmifhausmfausmfem;t+yD; OD;av;u tkef;oD;cl;ckdif;avonf? rl;aev,fhrSmvnf; tkef;yifay:vsifjrefpGmwuf+yD; tkef;±GufukdrDvkrDcifwGif tkef;oD;rsm;=um;rS a¹rGwpfaumif vsKdxGufvm&m olvef@jzef@+yD; vufv$wfvkdufrdIk tkef;yifatmuf

tcspf&JhyHk&dyf

26

okd@ ðywfus+yD; ar harsmoGm;avonf? ol@OD;av;rSmvnf; ajcrukdifrd/ vufrukdifrdawmhbJ xdyfxdyfjymjymjzifh ysmysmovJ ol@ukdum;ay:okd@wifumaq;±Hkokd@ wpfcgwnf;ykd@avonf? q&m0ef/ q&m0efrrsm;rSm Tvlemwpfa,mufa=umifh tvkyf&_yfjym,mcwfukefonf? owdvnf+yD; jyefjyeftdyfarmuswkdif; ua,mifuwef; trsKd;rsKd;ajymaeavonf? q&mraemfavmft,f *sLwDusonfhnY vlemapmifhpOf rl;aev,fha,mifac:aom eHrnfrsm;rSm rsm;aomtm;jzifh abmabm/ wl;vl;/ t,f'ga*;wkd@jzpfonf? rl;aev,fhaq;±Hkqif;+yD; ol@OD;av;apmawmtdrfwGif jyefem;aeavonf? aemfavmft,fESifh OD;av;apmawmrSm todrsm;jzpf&m '0dkif;puufrjyefrD rl;aev,fhta=umif;ukd ykdod&ef aemfavmft,fu vmvnfavonf?

avmft,f “b,fvkdvJæ wpfckckulnDay;vkd@&rvm;”rl;aev,f “u|efawmftdrfjyefcsifw,fæ taz/ tar/ armifESrawGeJ@jyefawG@csifw,fæ cifAsm;ulnDEkdifrvm;”avmft,f “rif;rdbæ rif;rdb ub,frSmvJ”rl;˜ “u|efawmfaewmæ ppfawmif;jrpfab;u Ekdxm±GmrSm aumh=wckd/ aumhvlckdeJ@eD;w,fæ u|efawmf tckwpfcgxJ jyefcsifw,fæ abmabmb,frSmvJ”rl;aev,fhrSm aemfavmft,fa&m/ tar taza&m/ OD;av;apmawmwkd@udk rrSwfrdawmhyg? aemfavmft,frSm òyH;wpf0uf/ rsufESmysufwpf0uf jzpfaeonf? zm;'Dapmawmu rl;aev,fhtm; tdyfaq;wpfvHk;wkduf+yD; um;ay:wifum aemfavmft,fukdygac:I tdrfjyefykd@+yD; wzefcsif;rkdifpkdzl;aq;±Hkokd@xyfrHwifjyefonf?

aemufwpfzef aq;±Hkqif;onfhtcg tiftm;jynfh+yD; rSwfOm%fjyefaumif;vmonfhtxd tem;,l/ aq;aomufaponf?

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rl;˜ “ rdef;racsmav;&,fæ 'dk@ukdtajzb,fawmhay;rSmvJ”avmft,f “ rif;æ 'dk@ukdodwJhae@us&if tajzay;r,f”rl;˜ “'dk@owd&+yDavæ rif;ukd'dk@rJw&pfu&ifESpfopful;ae@rSm awG@cJhwm”avmft,f˜ “rif;odwJhtcsufawG[m wdwdususr[kwfbl;æ t&dyfta,mifawGbJ”rl;˜ “bgbJjzpfjzpf rif;'dk@udkrcspf&if 'dk@'Dwdkufay:uae ckefcsaovkdufr,f'dk@&Jhb0[m rxl;awmhbl;æ oli,fcsif;/ rdbawGukdrjrif&wJhtjyif æ rif;tcspfukd ar#mfvifhvkd@r&rSawmh æ aowmxuf ykdaumif;wmr±Sdawmhbl;”avmft,f “rl;a&æ rif;[m todOm%f±SdwJholwpfa,mufbJæ 'DvkdwkdwkdrawG;oifhbl;æ rif;ukd 'dk@arwWm±Sdygw,fæ 'gayrJhpOf;pm;&tkef;r,f”aqmif;0ifcgpwGif ywf0ef;usifwpfckvHk; vSyaeayonf?

òrd@aevlwkd@onf rdk;&moDwGif trsKd;rsKd;nnf;nL=uonf? “'Drkd;uvJaemfærwdwfEkdifawmhbl;æ wpfcsdefvHk;±GmaewmbJæ 'DvkdtHkwHkwHk}uD;ukd pdwfukefvdkufwmæ rkd;b,fawmhrSukefrSmvJæ pdwfnpfvS+yD”‚if;rSm vltrsm;. rkd;&moDY nnf;nLoHjzpfonf? xkdvlrsm;rSm rkd;±Gmjcif;. tusKd;aus;Zl;ukd rodyg? qkd;usKd;rsm;ukdomjrif+yD; rkd;tay: tjypfjrifaeonf? olwkd@om rkd;rif;. usdefqJjcif;ukdcH&+yD; ESpf±Snfvrsm; rkd;r±Gmawmhygu rawG;&Jawmhyg? òrd@olòrd@om;wkd@ xrif;jzLjzLukd tqifoifhpm;&+yD; pyg;vHk;wkd@/ rzGwf&ao;onfh qefqkdonfrSm bmrSef;rod/ qefaum/ qefcg/qHk/ armif;wH/ awmif;/ zsmwkd@ukdrjrifbl;? v,fvkyf/ v,fxGef/ ajrn‡djcif;rvkyfbl;/ a&vkdcsiftdrftxda&muf/ rD;vkdcsifv#if cvkwfESdyfonfESifhrD;vif;xdefoGm;&m olwkd@.b0rSm tqifajyacsmarG@vSygbd? xm0&touf±Sif+yD; raowwfovkdxif&onf? okd@aomf tcsdefwefv#if vlwkdif;aojcif;w&m;ukd &ifqkdif&rnfyif?

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apmrl;aev,fhrSm wkduftay:xyfrS atmufukd=unfhI tawG;eufaeonf? vrf;ray:okd@ ar#mf=unfh&m vrf;oGm;vrf;vmrsm; tqufrjywfoGm;vmae=uonf? vlcsrf;omrsm;/ qif;&Jom;rsm;/ um;jzifhoGm;vmolrsm;/ pufbD;jzifhoGm;vmolrsm;/ ajcvsifav#mufolrsm; pHkvifvSonf?wpfcsKd@rSm ukd,fay:rSm t0wfyif0wfrxm;yg? wpfcsdefxJwGif u&ift0wftpm; trsKd;rsKd;jzpfaom oifwkdif;±Snf/ xrD/ oifwkdif;}uD;rsm;ukd awG@vkduf&mol@ukd rSifwufrdaponf? olonfvSyaom &moDa&mufvmjcif;twGuftvGeftrif;raysmf±$ifyg? bga=umifhvJæ oli,fpOfu ta=umif;t&mrsm;txl;ojzifh rkd;&moDtcsdefukd jyefvnfowd&vmygonf? ausmif;qif;onfESifhwpfòydifeuf tdrfa&mufausmif;vG,ftdwfypfcsum av;pkd@ESifh ol@oli,fcsif; t,f'ga*;wkd@onf v,fxJokd@ wpf±Sdefxkd;ajy;um pyg;yifxJwGif xkd;pkdufcJhaom ig;r#m;wHukdoGm;=unhfavonf? pmoifaepOf pdwfuwpfcgwpfcg v,fxJokd@ a&mufoGm;um ig;r#m;wHESifhpyg;yifukd ig;uw±GwfqJG+yD;vdrfywfaerSmukd pkd;&drfaeayonf? wpfa,mufukd ig;r#m;wHq,facsmif;ausmfausmf xkd;pkdufxm;onf? rsm;aomtm;jzifh ig;r#m;wHrtm;yg? ig;cl/ig;usnf;rsm;&ojzifh olwkd@tvGefaysmf±$if=uonf? tdrfjyefxrif;pm;+yD;wDukdóudwifwl;xm;ygonf? rkd;vif;v#if ig;r#m;wHukd oGm;I xkd;pkdufxm;+yD; xrif;pm;um ausmif;odk@oGm;onf? pmvnf;&/ ig;vnf;&ojzifhtqlrcH&yg?

rdk;usum pjrufrsm; odyfrrsm;cifwGif ±Gmom;rsm;onf v,fxJwGifzm;±kdufxGuf=u&m rD;cGufrsm; ae&mtESH@vif;vufaeonf? nrkd;±Gmv#ifav;pkd@nDraemfwl;vl;u “nwkef;urkd;0kef;0kef;eJ@±Gmwmæ tdyfvkd@aumif;vkdufwm ” [k ajym&m ol@tpfukdu “tdrfrSmtdyfwmaumif;wmaygh æzg;awG yvkdif;xJrSm nuatmfwmr=um;bl;vm;æ reufusawmh a&aEG;azsm+yD; acs;awGOawGxkwf+yD;æ tar$;tóudifawGeJ@æ o&ufoD;wpfjym;

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wpfjym;xnfhcsufwmæ aumif;vkdufwJhjzpfcsif;æ b,fawmhrSarhvkd@r&bl;” [kjyefajymavonf?

pyg;rsm; oD;onfhtcsdefwGif rkef@qef;axmif;pm;/ vomomcsdefwGif wvif;e,fonfhab;±Sd aumuf±dk;yHkay:upm;&onfrSm aysmfp&maumif;vSonf? nrtdyfcif vl}uD;olrrsm;u yHkjyifrsm;/ pum;xmrsm; zJG@avh±Sdonf? rkd;ukefvkonfh wefaqmif;rkef;vwGif yk&pfoGm;wl;+yD; wkwfjzifhoDIwpfa,mufwpfacsmif;pD jyef,lvm&v#if vGefpGm0rf;om=uonf?apmzm;bv,fwpf a,mufukdrl olrsm;ig;±SmxGufv#ifaomfvnf;aumif;/awmvkdufv#ifaomfvnf;aumif; odyfrac:csif=uyg? olESifhoGm;v#ifvmbfwdwfonf [k,lqaoma=umifhjzpfonf? pyg;odrf;csdef+yD;v#if rdb/q&m/ ouf}uD;±G,ftkdrsm;xHokd@ oD;ESHay:OD;ay:zsm;rsm;ukd ykd@aqmif=uonf? +yD;rSarmif;axmif;/ qefzGwf/ jymcs+yD;pm;=uonf?

av;pkd@.tzkd;rSm ol}uD;jzpfonfomru tazrSmvnf; ausmif;q&mwpfa,mufjzpf&m ±Gmol±Gmom;rsm;u olwkd@tdrfom;twGuf pyg;usDwpfvHk;xm;xm;+yD; pyg;&onfESifh wpftdrfaxmifwpfwif; vmay;&m wpfESpfvHk;twGuf vHkavmufavonf? ta=umif;rSm tdrfajcaygif; oHk;&meD;yg;±Sdaoma=umifhjzpfonf? qeftkd;xJwGif qefvHkvHkavmufavmuf pm;Ekdif&eftwGuf =uufOao;ao;av;ukd xnfhxm;avonf? av;pkd@armifESr ckepfa,mufESifhrdb/ bkd;bGm;/ OD;av;/ tm;vHk;aygif; 12 OD;±Sd&m/ av;pkd@rdcifrSm&yfa0;&yfeD; {nfhonfrsm;tm; ae@pOf{nfh0wfðy+yD; armif;axmif;/ qefzGwf/jymcs/ csufðywf/ =uuf0ufrsm;ukd tpmau|;jzifh wpfae‹ukefrem;&yg?v,frxGef/ ,mrvkyfaomfvnf; v,fykdif,mykdifrsm;uJhokd@yif pm;aomuf&onf? OD;av;jzpfolrSmvnf; acG;ukdac:um av;ESifhjrm;ukdxrf;+yD; awmvkdufxGuf&mpkdif/ orif/ '&,f/ &pf/ awm=uuf/ awm0uf/ ±SOfh/ awma=umif

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wpfrsKd;r[kwfwpfrsKd; &±Sdavonf? xkdtcsdeftcgu awmxlvS&mnwGifawma=umif/ usm;rsm; tdrfatmufwkdifa&mufvmwwfonf? ae@wkdif;tom;[if;pm;&+yD; tom;uifajcmufrsm;rSm =uyfckd;pifwGif jynfhvsuf±Sdonf? trJrsm;jywfvwfrnfukdvnf; pkd;&drfp&mrvkdyg? wpfcgu av;pkd@ol@OD;av; awmvkdufonfhaemufvkdufoGm;&m neufonfhtcg uif;ukdufcH&+yD; vrf;rav#mufEkdifawmhojzifh ol@OD;av;oli,fcsif; armifauG;rSmpkdifukdxrf;+yD;/ ol@OD;av;u ol@ukdjyefxrf;vm&onf? olwkd@ acG;oHk;av;aumifrSm olwkd@aemufrSvdkufvm&m ol@ajcaxmuftm; om;aumiftrSwfESifh ukdufqJGrdrnfukd pkd;&drf+yD;ol@rSmikd&if;ajym&if;ESifh ygvmonf? ig;rsm;usonfhtcg tarholi,fcsif;rsm; rkd;rvif;rDtcsdef vrf;ay:rS vSrf;atmf+yD;okwfokwfæ okwfokwfESifhoGm;+yD; jyefvmonfhtcg v,fykpGefvHk;rsm;/*%ef;rsm;/ ig;zsif;pvuf/ ig;ajyrrsm; yvkdif;tjynfheD;yg; ygvmonf?aemfwl;vl;/ zm;'g;'g;ESifhaemf0g;zkd;wkd@rSm tr_dufo±kdufrsm;/ opf±Guf0g;±Gufrsm;ukdz,f±Sm;+yD; ykpGefowfowf/ ig;owfowfcGJ&&m/ +yD;onfhtcg cg;rsm;yifemavonf?

t,f'ga*;/ aemfwl;vl;/ av;pkd@ESifhaemfabmabm uav;av;a,mufonf rkd;oJonfhwpfae@wGif ppfawmif;jrpfa& wufvmonfukd oGm;=unfh&ef twlwpfuG oGm;=uavonf? vrf;wGif±SOf@wpfaumif olwdk@a±S›rS jzwfajy;oGm;&m abmabmu “±SOfhigwkd@a±S›u jzwfajy;oGm;wm qufroGm;eJ@awmhæ awmf=um wpfckckjzpfaetkef;r,f” [k atmfajymvkdufonf? okd@aomf usefonfhoHk;aumifrSm oGm;ukdoGm;&rSjzpf&m TuJhokd@ twdwfedrdwfrsm;ukdvnf; r,Hk=unfojzifh a±S›okd@qufoGm;avonf? jrpfurf;yg;okd@a&mufaomtcg tm;vHk;u aysmf±$if=uavonf? avSrsm;/ opfazmifrsm;/0g;azmifrsm;ukd=unfh&_=uonf? ±kwfwpf&ufjrpfa&rSm ykdwufvm&m av;pkd@xkdifonfhae&mY ajru|HoGm;+yD; av;pkd@rSma&xJokd@ usoGm;+yD; ppfawmif;

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jrpfxJokd@ arsmygoGm;avonf? ol@nD/ nDrESifholi,fcsif;rsm;rSm bmrSrvkyfwwfbJ a=umuf±GH@+yD; tdrfokd@idk,kdjyefoGm;avonf? vl}uD;rsm;a&mufvmaomtcg aemufusoGm;ay+yD? bmr#rawG@awmhyg? a&eJeJ usoGm;aomtcg Armvl}uD;wpfOD;rSm ol@ykdufuGefukd oGm;=unfh&m uav;wpfOD;ol@ykdufuGefab;Y ay:aeonfukdawG@ojzifh vef@jzef@oGm;avonf? oluref;uwef; uav;ukdq,f,l+yD ;aZmufxkd;csum a&rsm;ukdtefxkwfap+yD;rS yg;pyfxJokd@avudk&_oGif;&m uav;rSm toufjyef&_+yD; wpfajz;ajz;owd&vmonf? olowd&vmaomtcg ol@eHab;rS vlrsm;ukd =unfh&mwpfOD;ukdr#rodyg? olrsm; Armpum;ajymonfukdvnf; olem;rvnfyg?0rf;enf;yrf;enf;jzifh tom;ukefikdaºuG;&m/ Armvl}uD;u ol@udku&if±Gmwpf±Gmjzpfaom “a*:uvm;” ±Gmokd@ykd@aqmifavonf? {nfhonfwpfOD; xkd±Gmokd@vmvnfaomtcg xkduav;ukdawmif;&m tm;vHk;u vG,fvG,fulul ay;vkdufonf? xkd{nfhonfrSm csrf;omaomfvnf;om;/ orD;r±Sdyg?xkd{nfhonftrnfrSm obGgv,f0g;jzpf+yD; av;pkd@ukd arG;pm;cJhonfhvl}uD;vlaumif;jzpfayonf? olonf xkdif;EkdifiHrS u&iftrsKd;om;}uD;jzpfonf? olonftvGefaysmfoGm;+yD; av;pkd@udk cspfjrwfEkd;pGmESif h“rl;aev,fh”[ktrnfay;avonf?

rl;aev,fhrSm ol.twdwfukd wpfajz;ajz;jyefvnfowd&vm+yD; arS;ueJjzpfoGm;avonf? ol@taru ol@ukd “zdk;cGm;a& xrif;pm;=ur,fæ pm;aomuf+yD;&if aooguavmhudk oGm;=u&atmif æ ra&mufwm=um+yD”ol@tarrSm oltdyfaysmfoGm;onfukd rodyg? oluref;uwef;ol@vufrSem&Dukd =unfhaomtcg eHeuf 9 em&D±Sd+yDjzpfonf? 0rf;uvnf;wñuwfñuwf jrnfae&matmufxyfokd@qif;I ol@rdcifESifhtwl xrif;0ifpm;avonf? xrif;pm;aepOfol@rdciftm; æ

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“rkd;rdka& æ 'Dae@om;tdrfrSmbJ em;csifw,fæ 'Dae@reuftdyf,mxwkef;u b,fbufrsufcGHv_yfw,fæ aemuf+yD;vdyfjymwpfaumif om;acgif;&if;rSm vmem;wJhtwGuf {nfhonfwpfa,mufa,mufrsm; vmrvm;vkd@” [kajymvkdufavonf? ol@rdcifuvnf; òyH;+yD; “tif;av æ 'gqkd&ifvJ aecJhayhg ” [kjyefajymavonf?

zcifrSmrl axmifhwpfae&mY owif;pmzwfae+yD; bmr#rajymyg? rdbESpfOD;vHk;om;ukd tvGefcspf=uonf? av;pkd@rSm om;vdrRmjzpf+yD; æ rdbESpfOD;ukdvnf; t+rJpdwfcsrf;omr_ay;onf? rdbrsm;. +cHvkyfief;Y ulnDapmifha±Smuf+yD; pdwfygvufyg vkyfau|;ðypkavonf? olonf wpfOD;wnf;aomom;jzpfojzifh (10) wef;atmif+yD; wuUokdvfqufrwufyg? +cHvkyfief;rS0ifaiGjzifh tv#Hy,fpm;aomufEdkifonhftjyif toHk;tðzef;vnf;r±Sdojzifh aiGtajrmuftrsm; pkEkdifavonf? tdrfwGifvnf; pHepfwuspDrHcef@cJGojzifhrdbESpfOD;rSm Tom;wpfa,muftwGuf auseyfESpfodrfhr_tjynfh &±Sdavonf? aemfavmft,f. owif;ykd@r_a=umifh rl;aev,fhrdbESifh armifESroli,fcsif;rsm; 'GdKif;puufokd@ a&mufvm=uonf? obGgapmawmvma&mufykd@aqmifay;jcif;jzpfonf? rdbrsm;rSm qHjzLoGm;usKd;/ tom;ta&wGef@ae+yD; aemfwl;vl;/ aemf0g;zdk;wkd@rSm jzLjzLvSvSjzpf=u+yD; t,f'ga*;rSm vlysKdzm;zm;}uD;jzpf+yD; tm;vHk;0rf;omrsuf&nfrsm;ESifh jynfhae=uonf? rl;aev,fhrSm rdbESpfyg;. tvStyESifh tm;tifrsm;tm;tcsdefumvu ajymif;vJypfvkdufjcif;twGuf vGefpGmpdwfraumif;jzpfrdonf? rdbESpfyg;rSm om;av;apmav;pkd@a& epfaooGm;cJh+yD; [kxifxm;&mrS touf±Sdao;a=umif; =um;od&aomtcg oHo,pdwfjzifhvmcJhaomfvnf; om;ukdtrSefwpfu,f awG@&aomtcg 0rf;vJ0rf;om/ pdwfvJxdckduf&aom ae@wpfae@jzpfaeavonf?rl;aev,fh “'geJ@abmabmwpfa,mufaumæ b,fa&mufoGm;vJ”

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aemf0g;zkd; “abmabmaeaumif;ygw,fæ olvnf;r=umcif tdrfaxmifðyawmhrSmrdk@ wl;vl;ukd owkd@orD;t&Hvkyfckdif;w,fæ owkd@om;t&Huawmh t,f'ga*;ukdckdif;r,f”rl;aev,f h “igvJvufxyfcsif+yDæ 'gayrJh ighukdcspfwJholwpfa,mufrS r±Sdao;bl;æ nDav;/ nDrav;wkd@a&æ rif;wkd@abmabmukd igol@ukdowd&a=umif; ajymay;ygæ olvufrxyfcif ighukdvmawG@ygvkd@æ ighukdwpfa,mufa,mufu cspf+yD;æ vl}uD;awGoGm;awmif;ay;+yD;vkd@ vufxyfr,fqkd&if æ wl;vl;eJ@t,f'ga*;tysKd&HeJ@ vlysKd&H vmvkyfay;tkef;aemf”avmft,f “bmjzpfvkd@ abmabmeJ@ twlwljzpfcsif&wmvJ”rl;aev,fh “abmabm[m igb,fawmhrSarhr&wJholæ aemufqkdoleJ@b,fawmhrS awG@&rSmr[kwfvkd@ owkd@om;t&HeJ@ owkd@orD;t&Hukd twlwljzpfatmif a±G;jc,f&wmav”rdbESpfbufpvHk; awG@qHkrdonfhtcsdefESifhóuHóudufojzifh rl;aev,fhrSmaemfavmft,ftm; arwWm±Sda=umif;zGifhajym&m rdbarmifESrrsm;rSm tvGefoabmwlojzifh r*Fvmae@&ufukd 0gacgifvqef;yxrywf aom=umae@tjzpf owfrSwf=uavonf?aemf0g;zkd; “apma&æ apmjzpfapcsifwJhtwkdif; owkd@orD;t&HeJ@ owkd@om;t&H[m wl;vl;eJ@t,f'ga*;jzpfw,fæ owkd@om;u rl;aev,fhæ owkd@orD;u aemfavmft,fwjzpfvJ abmabmjzpfw,f”rl;aev,fh “[kwfvm; abmabmeJ@avmft,f[m wpfa,mufxJvm;”avmft,f “rajymcsifygbl; æ avmft,fwpfa,mufvHk; ab;rSm±Sdwmawmif abmabmukdbJa,mifac:ae+yD;awmh”rl;aev,fh “tkd;æ twlwlbJcspf+yD;æ twlwlbJowd&w,fæ aysmfvkdufwm æ aysmfvkdufwm” tjcm;olrsm; tcsif;csif;vufwkd@um olwkd@ESpfOD;teD;rS tvsKdtvsKdxGufoGm;=uavonf? ,if;wkd@ESpfOD;om aysmfrqHk;awmhbJ xm0&vufwGJoGm;=u&ef uwdpum;rsm; ajymqkdae=uawmhonf?

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a&mifeDay:xGef;p/ aejcnfeDeD&J&Jrsm; urBmajray:okd@ usa&mufvmonfhtcsdef or,Y obm0ywf0ef;usifwpfckvHk; vSywifhw,f+yD; ao;bmckd±GmteD;ywfywfvnf±Sd wvif;jyifrsm;rSm vlom;tm;vHk;tm; om,m=unfEl;apavonf? ao;bmcdk±Gmonf ±Gmt}uD;tuJESifh bkd;ab;tqufqufwkd@ tkyfcsKyfpDrHr_atmufwGif oD;oD;oef@oef@wnf±Sdaeavonf? ao;bmckd±Gmuav;onf awmifajcwpfckY wnf±Sd+yD; ab;ywfywfvnfwGif awmifwef;}uD;rsm; um&Hxm;vsuf±Sdonf? ±Gm.ajrmufbufwGif a,mvl;acsmif;[laom jrpfwpfpif;±Sd+yD; ta±S›t&yfrStaemuft&yfokd@ pD;qif;ae&m ±Gmol±Gmom;rsm;twGuf aomufoHk;&efESifh oef@pif&eftwGuf tarGtESpfjzpfayonf? ±GmeHab;rS±GmxJokd@ vSrf;=unfhvkdufv#if tdrfacgifrkd;tm;vHk;vkdvkdnDaeonfukd awG@&rnfjzpf+yD; ±Gm.xdyftusqHk;±Sd opfyifwpfyifeHab;Yxl;xl;jcm;jcm; tdrfwpfvHk;ukd awG@&rnfjzpfonf? =urf;ayguf=um;rS aoaocsmcsmpl;pkduf=unfhygu rD;zkdatmufY vlwpfa,mufpef@pef@}uD;vSJaeonfukd awG@&rnfjzpfonf? rD;zkdwpfzufY ta&miftrsKd;rsKd;ESifh acG;av;aumifwkd@onf =urf;ay: Y 0yfpif;ae=u+yD; rsufvHk;rsm; arS;pif;ae=uavonf? rD;zkdab;Y rD;rsm;&J&Jawmufaeojzihf ausmqef@vJSavsmif;aeolrSmtoufrSefrSef±SLae+yD; ol@taygif;taz:av;aumifrSm olwkd@ocifEkd;tvmukd ysif;&dpGmapmifhaeavonf? Tvlwpfa,mufukd ouf}uD;±G,ftkdrsm;uzm; (zkd;) armfavm/ vli,fykdif;uapm (tpfukd) armfavm [kac:=u+yD; uav;rsm;u wD; (OD;av;) armfavm [kac:=uonf?

vlysKd}uD;zg;armfavmrS ±kyf&nftoifhtwifh±Sd+yD; vlwkdif;ESifhaygif;I&onf?r,f}uD;/ zkd;}uD;/ vli,fvl±G,f/ uav;tm;vHk;u cspfcif=uonf? wpf

zm;armfavm

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a,mufxJae+yD; at;at;aq;aq;ESifh tyltyifr±Sdonfukd tjcm;olrsm;rod&ifomaernf/ ao;bmckdwpf±GmvHk;uawmh od±Sdavonf? olonfoabmaumif;/ taygif;toif;cif+yD; {nfh0wfausonf? ajymp&mqkdIol@tm;enf;csufwpfckrSmaygh wD;ayghqpdwf tenf;i,f±Sdjcif;yif?

“a0;æ zm;armfavm rxao;bl;vm;æ aezifxkd;awmhr,f æ wpfcgrSrxawmhbl;”zm; (zkd;) armfavm “tmæ tGefæ olrsm;tdyfvkd@ aumif;aewkef; vmEkd;jyef+yDæ bmrsm;vJ wD;oaumæ apmapmpD;pD; aysmfjrL;aewmæ b,foGm;rvkd@vJ”wD; (OD;av;) oaum “atæ zm;armfavm rif;x=unfhprf;ygtkef;æaetawmfjrifhae+yDæ olrsm;awG awmif,mckwfwm wpfar#mfwpfac}uD;&aeavmuf+yD æ rif;uawmh tdyfwkef;b,fvkdvkyfrvJ”zm;armfavm “rvkdygbl;wD;oaum&,fæ ajz;ajz;vkyfvJ&ygw,fæ om;r±Sdæ r,m;r±Sdæ bmvkd@avmae&rvJ? wD;vJ uav;r±Sdæ vifr,m;ESpfa,mufbJ±Sdwmæ 'gavmufylp&mvdkvkd@vm;”wD;oaum “yl&w,fa[hæ yl&w,fæ r[kwf&if rif;ta':&J› tqltyleJ@wpfcgrSrvGwfbl;”zm;armfavm “'DrSmæ wD;oaumæ nwkef;u u|efawmftdrfruft&rf;aumif;w,fæ awmxJoGm;&ifawmh tvkyfjzpfr,fæ b,fvkdvJæ vkdufrvm;”wD;oaum “rif;[muæ olrsm;awGu awmif,mckwfoGm;w,fæigwkd@u awmxJoGm;w,fæ pOf;bJpOf;pm;=unfhygtkH; æ [kwfao;&Jhvm;”zm;armfavm “tkdæ wD;oaumuvJ awmif,mu aemufrSckwfvJ&wmbJ[mæ tcsdefawGtrsm;}uD;±Sdao;w,fæ 'Dwpf&ufuav;bJ awmxJoGm;wmæ bmrSrjzpfavmufygbl;”

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wD;oaum “aumif;+yDavæ 'gqkd igwkd@awmif,mckwfroGm;awmhbl;æigrif;aemufvkdufr,fæ rif;ajymovkdtvkyfrjzpf&ifawmh aemufqkdrif;ukd igvHk;0tzufrvkyfawmhbl;”“a0;æ wD;armfavm 'Dreuf awmif,mckwfroGm;bl;vm;æ bmvJætdrfrufaumif;w,fxifw,fæ rsufESmuòyH;aphapheJ@”zm;armfavm “a[hæ a[hæ aeazg rif;awmif,mckwfoGm;rvkd@vm;æroGm;eJ@æ ighaemufvkdufæ rif;ighaemuft+rJvkdufwm ighta=umif;odw,fr[kwfvm;”wD;oaum “a[h æ a[hæ aeazg rif;oGm;p&m±Sdwm oGm;omoGm;æarmfavmeJ@ vkdufra&meJ@”aeazg “a=omfæ zl; (tzkd;) oaumæ zl;vJvkdufrvkd@vm;æ tawmfbJoHk;a,mufoGm;awmh vlykdrsm;+yD; ykdaumif;wmaygh”wD;oaum “[m;[m;æ aumif;+yDæ aumif;+yD armfavmæ rif;bJoGm;r,fajym+yD; x+yD;jyifqifavæ tJ'DrSmbJausmcif;aeæ jrefjrefvkyfæ csufðywf+yD;+yDvm;”armfavm “ tkd;æ =uufzrwGefcifuxJu csufðywf+yD;ukef+yDæ ysif;ysif;eJ@jyefESyfaewmæ c%apmifhaemfæ acG;awG tpmau|;vkduftkH;r,f攓ul;&l;æ ul;&l;æ ul;&l;æ zm;ua0g æ zm;*æ ua0gck dæ rk d*Jævmvmpm;=uæ pm;+yD;&efrjzpf=ueJ@æ wkwfpmrdr,f”

awmifpG,fawmifwef;/ awm}uD;rsufrnf;rSm om;&Jwd&p>mef/ awma=umifwkd@. ae&mxkdifcif;jzpfayonf? ao;bmckd±GmrS awm}uD;xJokd@ ar#mf=unfhygu pdrf;pkdpGmjrif&+yD; awmaumiftrsKd;rsKd;jzpfaom arsmuf/ arsmufndK/awma=umif/ bkwfiSuf/ awm=uufponfwkd@ trsKd;rsKd;±Sdonf? zm;armfavmonf awmvkduftvkyfESifh toufarG;ol r[kwfaomfvnf; awmu|rf;um trJaumifwkd@. txmukdodojzifh ol@jrm;wpfcsufjrnfwkdif; wpfckck

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awmh &wmaocsmavonf? olwkd@oHk;OD;om; awmvkdufxGufonfrSmrGef;wnfhav+yD? awmaumiftrsKd;rsKd;ukd ESpfa,mufxrf;pm&+yD;jzpfonf?odk@aomf wpfcgwpf&H tvGJtacsmf±Sdwwfojzifh zm;armfavm b,favmufyif vufajzmifhapumrl wpfcgwpf&H acsmfwwfygonf?

wD;oaum “armfavmæ [kdtukdif;ay:ukd=unfhprf;æ bmaumif}uD;vJæ a=omfæ a=omfæ arsmufndKæ arsmufndK”armfavm “aeazmæ igh jrm;,lcJhæ igaqmfxnfhvkdufr,f”“'D;”“tgæ ighjrm;,lajy;+yDæ aeazmæ =unfhxm; =unfhxm;æ a[hæ vJusawmhr,fæ u|wfæ u|wfæ tm;æ acG;awGuvnf; aES;vkdufwm æ=unfhæ vGwfoGm;+yDæ 'DacG;awGæ aobkd@aumif;+yDæ oGm;æ arsmufndKaemufvdkufoGm;æ ig"g;eJ@ykdif;vkdufvkd@ vnfacsmif;ðywfusoGm;r,f”wD;oaum “armfavm æ tJvkdrqJeJ@avæ vl}uD;olrawGu ajym=uw,fæ 'Dawm}uD;u olrsm;qJqkdwmukd róudufbl;æ rif;vkyfwmeJ@ æawmapmifhewf/ awmifapmifhewfawG igwkd@udkpdwfqkd;awmhrSmbJ”armfavm “qkd;csifqkd;ayhapæ wD;oaum pdwfrqkd;&ifawmf+yDæ [D;[D;”aeazm “wD;armfavmæ wD;vkyfwm u|efawmf=uufoD;arG; nif;awmifxvm+yD”armfavm “aeazmæ pum;rrsm;eJ@ æ igrif;ukd acG;eJ@twlqJrdaetkef;r,f”wD;oaum “uJuJarmfavmæ igAkdufqm+yDæ xrif;pm;=upkd@vm;”armfavm “pm;qkdvJpm;=uwmayghæ [kdrSmæ [kdausmufay:rSm oGm;pm;&atmifæ aeazmæ a&oGm;cyfacs/ wD;oaum æ u|efawmfwdk@ ±SOfhwpfa,mufwpfaumifpD uifpm;&atmifæ pm;vkd@0ygw,faem”wD;oaum “awmf+yD æ usefwmtdrfukd,loGm;=ur,fæ rif;rD;ar$;æ iguqkawmif;r,f”

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armfavm “tm;æ ±SOfhuifeH@uar$;vkdufwmæ Adkufawmifqmvm+yDæ ajcawmifro,fEkdifawmhbl; æ uJæ uJæ aeazm æ qm&ifxrif;xkyf,lcJhæ'Dausmufay:rSmcif;æ wD;oaumæ wD;utouft}uD;qHk;qkdawmhxrif;OD;cs&r,f”wD;oaum “at; at; æ rif;wkd@xrif;OD;eJeJpD,lcJh=uæ a&±Sifæ jynfh±Sifawm±Sif tck xrif;OD;csygw,fæ u|Ekfyfwkd@ukdulnDrp”“udefudefæ udefudefæ udefæ udefudef”“a[hæ acG;awGæ bmjzpfwmvJæ a[mifaevkdufwmæ armfavm æbmjzpfwmvJæ igæ toufawmif xGufcgeD;+yD”aeazm “a[hæ a[hæ wD;armfavmæ taemufu ausmufwHk;xdyfrSmbmaumif}uD;vJæ u|efawmfwkd@udkiHk@=unfhaew,fæ rsufESmua=umifeJ@wlw,fæ a=umift}uD;pm;rsm;vm;”armfavm “tmæ aeazgæ rif;tazurif;ukd tJ'ga=umifvkd@ oifxm;ovm;”wD;oaum “armfavma&æ [kdrSmiHk@=unfhaewJhtaumifukd igr=unfh&Jbl;”aeazm “jrefjrefvkyfæ jyef=ur,f”armfavm “tm;æ xrif;awmifrpm;&ao;bl;”wD;oaum “pm;raeeJ@awmhæ rif;ukdusm;tpdrf;vkduf 0g;pm;oGm;rSm rodbl;vm;æ bmrS,lraeeJ@awmhæ jyef=ur,f”wD;oaum “[l;æ tGefæ armfavmæ armfavmæ igrif;ukdajymom;bJæt&rf;t&rf;rqJeJ@vkd@æ arsmufawGæ ESarsmvkdufwm”armfavm “rESarsmeJ@”wD;oaum “jrefjrefvkyfæ tJ'DrSmbJtcsdefqJGraeeJ@æ aeazga&æ ajy;æajy;” xkdtjzpftysufa=umifh ao;bmckd±Gmav;wGif ,ckxdwdkif uAsmwpfyk'f pJGusef±Sdavonf?

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“armfavm/ oaum/ zm;aeazm [bGmwuavaemwbavm wuavwuavm ckdwdkvkd bmacabmfokdtr,fhuvkd” (rD.vD< o;uD< zgM>zD[;yS>wuV.eDwbsD wus›.wusDcd.wdRvdR b.Ch.bD.od.trJmusd.)t"dyg,frSm armfavm/ oaumESifhaeazgwkd@ awmvkdufv#if wpfcgr# rvJGacsmfyg? vGJacsmfrJh vGJacsmfawmhvnf; usm;eJ@rSxdyfwkdufwkd;vkd@ rsufvHk;jyL;atmifajy;&w,f [lIjzpfonf?

“aexGufvm+yDæ =uufuav;awG tdyfae=uw,fæ tkd;æ vGrf;p&maumif;vkdufwmæ [Gef;æ 'Dawmif,mckwf&wmysif;p&maumif;vkdufwm”“a[hæ armfavmæ rif;uAsmqkdwm}uD;uvJæ rkd;óud;ypfaetkH;r,f”armfavm“[m;æ wD;oaumæ u|efawmhukd vmulrvkd@vm;”wD;oaum “rvkyfeJ@ æ rvkyfeJ@æ rae@u rif;aemuftvkdufaumif;vkd@tqltyGufcH&wmæ ckxdr+yD;ao;bl;æ topfxyfrvkyfeJ@awmhæ tmærif;b,fvkdckwfwmvJæ opfikwfawGt±Snf}uD;usefcJhwmæ eJeJwkdatmifckwfavæ rif;wpfa,mufuawmhav”armfavm “tmvm; b,fvkdckwfckwfæ usKd;&if+yD;a&mayghæ [kd;tjrpftxdrckwfEkdifygbl;”wD;oaum “armfavma&æ rif;wpfa,muf[mav ajym&iftJvkdbJ jyefajymw,fæ 'ga=umifhckxdrpHGwmæ rif;ukdif;ikwfawG 'gavmuf±Snfwmukdif;awGajray:xdusKd;ruswm rD;±_dŒwJhtcg b,fvkdrD;awmufrvJ”armfavm “rodbl;æ olrsm;&_d@wmawmifawmufwmæ u|efawmfwkd@&_d@vJawmuf&rSmayghæ ausmufawmifrS rD;+rd‡Kuf&if awmufao;wmbJ”wefcl;avylrsm; obm0avmuxJrS jyefvnfxGufcGgbkd@ E_wfqufae=uonf? ae0ef;}uD; awmif=um;xJokd@ aysmufuG,froGm;rD ao;bm;ckd±GmxJrS teD;tem;wpf0d_ufokd@ vSrf;=unfhv#if rD;awmufeDeDESifh rD;ckd;vHk;rJrJrsm;/

40

opf/ 0g;wkd@ aygufuGJoHrsm; wpfazmif;azmif=um;&+yD; aumif;uifwpfckvHk;arSmiftwd jzpfaeonfukd awG@&rnf? rD;awmufrsm;wpfajz;ajz; t!Gef@usKd;oGm;csdef awmif,mwpfckokd@ vSrf;=unfhygu rD;ckd;rsm;t=um;wGifyHko¾mefrJrJwpfck yg;pyfv_yfpdv_yfpdESifh wpfa,mufxJ toHxGuf a&±Gwfaeavonf?

armfavm “'D æ 'D æ rD;awGuvJawmufcJvkdufwm æ avmifwmaumif;aumif;ravmifbl; [kdwpfuGuf'DwpfuGuf xm;cJhw,fæ tikwfawGu[kdwpfuGuf'DwpfuGufeJ@ jyefckwfvkd@awmif vG,fyghrvm;rodbl;æ cufvkdufwmaemf”aeazg “wD;armfavmæ rD;awmuf&J›vm;æ wpfa,mufxJ awmif,mxJrSm yGpdyGpdeJ@ æ bmajymaewmvJ”armfavm “aeazgæ vmpum;rsm;raeeJ@æ rD;awmufvm;æ rawmufvm;=unhfygvm;æ =uufruGuf=um;r&J› tarG;usaewmbJ æ [kdwpfuGuf'DwpfuGuf0gaewmæ igpdwfodyfraumif;Edkifawmhbl;æ wD;oaumomvmawG@&if bmajymrvJawmifrodawmhbl;æ tGefæ ajymvkd@rSrqHk;ao;bl;æ [kdrSma&mufvm+yD rsufESm±_H‹æ ESmacgif;±_H‹eJ@”wD;oaum “a0;æ armfavmæ rif;awmif,mrD;awmuf&J@vm;æ rif;awmifhawmifh}uD;&yfaewmæ [kdewfuem; uawmhrJhtwkdif;bJæ rsufESmraumif;bmraumif;eJ@æ bmjzpfaewmvJ”armfavm “rD;awmufvm; rawmufvm;æ [kdrSm=unhfygvm;”wD;oaum “tkdæ ighvlæ rif;[mu jyefckwfvkd@rS&yghrvm;æ rif;awmif,mu 'Davmufawmifus,f+yD; rD;aumif;aumif;rawmufvkd@uawmhacgif;jzLwJhtxd ckwf&awmhr,fæ bgjzpfwmvJæ rif;wpfckckrsm; tpm;rSm;+yDvm;”armfavm “rodawmhygbl;æ tm;æ tckrSowd&w,fæ u|efawmfawmif

41

,mckwfwJhwpfreufwkef;uæ tdrftjyefvrf;rSm acswpfaumif&w,fæu|efawmfjyefcsufpm;wmæ aeazgawmif u|efawmfeJ@vmpm;ao;w,fæu|efawmftdrfawGukd awmifav#mufykd@vdkufao;w,fæ owd&ao;&J@vm;”aeazg “[kwfw,fæ [kwfw,f æ u|efawmfwkd@ xrif;pm;+yD;awmh tom;awGudk u|efawmhukdxrf;+yD; vkdufykd@ckdif;w,favæ “zl;ykd0D;” tdrftxdawmif a&mufw,fæ tJ'Dae@bJr[kwfvm;”wD;oaum “armfavmæ rif;[mav uav;vJr[kwfawmhbl; æ ajym&if b,fawmhrS em;raxmifbl;æ vl}uD;awGuajymw,fæ awmif,mckwf+yD; rD;r±_d@cifrSm tpmav#mufrpm;&bl;æ rif;uacsom;oGm;pm;awmhrif;awmif,mu0gaewmayghæ aemufukd+rJ+rJrSwfxm;”armfavm “wD;oaumæ t&ifwkef;uawmhbmrSrajymbl;æ ckrSvmqlw,fæ wD;tvkyf+yD;&if u|efawmhawmif,mukd vmulckwf&r,fæ aeazga&mbJæ rulvkd@uawmh aemufukdvHk;0 rywfoufawmhbl;”

&moDpuf0ef;wkd@onf wpfa±G@a±G@vnfaeonfESifhtr# obm0ywf0ef;usifwpfckvHk; trsKd;rsKd;ajymif;vJaeayonf? aEGrSrkd;/ rkd;rSrkd;ukefvk+yD? pyg;ESHrsm;a±$a&mifoef;vm&mrS &ifhrSnfhvm+yD;&dwfodrf;=u/ aumufv_dif;pnf;rsm;pnf;umaevSrf;=u/ pyg;e,f=u/ pyg;avS@=u/ aemufqHk;pyg;usDrsm; twGif;okd@yif xnfhoGif;+yD;av+yD? ao;bmckd±Gm±Sd tdrfwkdif;vkdvkdrdrdwkd@ awmif,mxJokd@ oGm;+yD;toD;tESHrsm;ukd jyefaumuf=uouJhokd@ zm;armfavmvnf; yvkdif;ukdvG,f+yD; aumuf±kd;jywfrsm;t=um; aw;oHnnf;um vufESpfzufuvnf; [kdbuf'DbufvJG+yD; av#mufaeonf? yg;pyfwGifaq;wHukd cJxm;um teD;uyf=unfhygu ol@rsufESmrSm auseyfr_tjynfhESifhòyH;±$ifaeonfukd awG@&rnf?

42

wD;oaum “armfavmæ 'Dreufrif;rsufESmukd=unfh&wmæ arsmuftkefoD;&ovkdbJ æ wpfckckawmhwpfckckbJ”armfavm “[g;æ wD;oaumæ tawmfbJ æ 'Dreuf u|efawmfoHk;ykvif;wnfvkd@&w,fæ u|efawmhfrSmtaz:r±Sdbl;æ tdrfukdvkdufcJhæ jrefjrefæjrefjrefæ u|efawmftwD;udkar#mfaewmæ ,mxJoGm;w,frSwfaewm”wD;oaum “vkyf+yDæ vkyf+yDæ rif;ta': ighukdql&if rif;ulajymay;&r,faemf”armfavm “rvkdygbl;æ u|efawmfhta':ukd u|efawmfrD;aoygw,fæu|efawmfajym&if tm;vHk;vufcH+yD;om;bJæ uJæ wD;oaumæ tdrfay:wufESifhæ u|efawmf'DypPnf;awGukd tdrfaemufrSmoGm;xm;vkduftkef;r,f”wD;oaum “armfavmæ rif;pyg;b,fESpfawmif&vJæ igawmhESpfawmifawmifrjynfhcsifbl;”armfavm “u|efawmfhpyg;uoHk;awmifæ av;awmif±SdrSmayhgæ 'DrSmtwD;æ twD;u toufykd}uD;vkd@t&ifOD;cs”wD;oaum “a&±Sifæ jynhf±Sifæ t&ufeJ@xrif; OD;OD;zsm;zsm;ukd OD;csygw,fæ apmifha±Smufawmfrlygæ u|efawmfhwl zm;armfavmukd }uD;yGg;csrf;omatmif apmifha±Smufygæ tckoltcsdefwef+yD;rdk@ ZeD;r,m;wpfOD;ukdvJ±Smay;yg”armfavm “tmæ wD;qkawmif;wm u|efawmf=uufoD;awGxvkdufwm”wD;oaum “armfavmæ igrif;ukdajymjyr,fæ rae@u ‘ykd0D;’ qDoGm;vnfawmhæ oD;csdefyGifhcsdefwef+yDrkd@æ rif;twGufolwpfckckpDpOfaew,f”“a0;æ wD;armfavmæ zl;ykd0D;u ol@qDtcktjrefvmygwJh” [kaeazg atmfac:oHukd=um;&.?wD;oaum “=unfhæ igajymwmawmifrqHk;ao;bl;æ rif;ukdvmac:ae+yD”armf avm “aeazg æ jyefxm;ESifh æ igrif;aemufvkdufcJhr,f”

43

wD;oaum “armfavm æ ukefatmifjrefjrefaomufvdkufæ rif;OD;av;rif;ukdrSmae+yDæ jrefjrefoGm;æ awmf=umpdwfwdkaetkef;r,f”ykd0D; “armfavmæ vmæ 'DrSmxkdifæ igrif;ukd tckajymrJhpum;ukd aoaocsmcsmem;axmif+yD; qHk;jzwfæ oaumæ rif;u[kdbufrSmxkdifæ 'DESpf rif;ckwfwJh awmif,m[m b,fESpfESpf±Sd+yDvkd@rif;xifovJ”armfavm “rodbl; zm;'D (OD;}uD;)”ykd0D; “rif;rodbl;qkd igajymjyr,fæ 'D,m[m rif;wpfouf±Sd+yDæ rif;taz'D,mukdckwfwm rif;arG;pESpfrSmæ tcktxdwGuf&if tESpfav;q,f±Sd+yDærif;tck tcsdefwefvkd@ru vGefawmifvGefae+yDæ rif;rdbawGu rif;ig;ESpfom;uxJu qHk;oGm;=uwmæ rif;ukdvlvm;ajrmufwJhtxd igwkd@u=unfh&_cJhw,fæ rif;zmom rif;vkyfukdifEkdifrS oD;oef@aecJhayrJh igwkd@awG rif;udk[kd;±GmxdyfrSm tdrfaqmufay;cJh&wmukd rif;od&J›vm;”armfavm “rodbl;zm;'D”ykd0D; “igwkd@rSmnDtpfukd (3) a,muf±Sdw,fæ rif;tazzm;omavmut}uD;qHk;jzpfw,fæ iguEkd@nmæ oaumuti,fqHk;æ rif;ukd ao;bmckd±Gmta=umif; enf;enf;ajymjy&r,fæ 'Dao;bmckd±Gm[m [dk;t&ifxJuol}uD;u igwkd@tzkd;jzpfw,fæ 'dk‹acwfusawmh rif;tazuol}uD;jzpfw,fæ rif;tazqHk;&if ol@om;OD;u ol}uD;jzpf&rSm 'gayrJh rif;tazuapmapmpD;pD;qHk;oGm;+yD; rif;ui,fao;wJhtwGuf ±Gmol±Gmom;awGu ighukdwm0efay;cJhw,fæ ckawmhrif;[m vlvm;ajrmuf+yDæ 'ga=umifh 'Dwm0efukdrif;ukdjyefvJ$ay;&r,fæ rif;wpfa,mufxJ a,mifawmifaygifawmif aevkd@r&awmhbl;æ rif;&Jh=uifzufukd±Smay;+yD;rS rif;ukdol}uD;&mxl; jyefv$Jay;vkd@&r,fæ awmif;qkdwmtuGyf±SdrS+rJrSmæ 'ga=umifhtck rif;ukd wnhfwnfhbJajymr,fæ rif;ukdykdap;0g;&J@ Ekd@nmorD;erl*JeJ@ vufxyfay;r,fæ rif;b,fvkdxifvJæ oabmwl&Jhvm;”wD;oaum “tkd; olóudufaewm=umvS+yDæ rajym&Jwm ckawmhplVmvdyfæ

44

a&xJusovkdjzpf+yD; aysmfvGef;vkd@ajrmufwufoGm;+yDæ”ykd0D; “oaumæ pum;aumif;ajymaewmæ razmufeJ@/ b,fvkdvJarmfavmæ pOf;pm;=unfh”armfavm “zm;'Dwkd@óudufovkdpDpOfygæ u|efawmfvufcHygw,f”“'gqkdæ aumif;+yD”“'la0a0 - 'l- a0 - a0 - 'l - 'l - 'l”“[dwfæ ykd0D; armif;wD;wJhoH=um;vm; æ oGm;æ oGm; æ bmajymrvJætpm;taomufta=umif;awmh r[kwfwefbl;æ ckrSaumufodrf;+yD;cgp±Sdao;w,fæ om;wkd@tara&æ oGm;vkdufygtkH;æ ighawmif;eJeJtpowfvkduftHk;r,f”ykd0D; “±Gmol±Gmom;awGæ taygif;wkd‹ em;axmif=uæ ckigwkd@v,fvkyfief;awG odrf;+yD;rkd@æ tvkyfwpfckvkyfbkd@ ta=umif;ay:vm+yDæ ck igwkd@ol}uD;topfwifyJGvkyf&r,fæ ol}uD;rwifcif ol@ukd vufxyfxdrf;jrm;ay;&r,fæ rdef;uav;±Sif&J› rdbeJ@wkdifyif+yD; &ufaumif;&ufjrwfa±G;+yD;+yDæ wykd@wJGv (3) &ufae@rSm r*FvmyGJ±SdwJhtwGuf tdrfwkdif;/ tdrfwkdif;'DwpfvtwGif; pyg;awGaxmif;æ xrif;csuf/ t&ufcsufxm;=uæ tysKd/vlysKdawGuawmh {nfhonfawGtwGuf r¾yfawGxkd;=u”

'dk}uD;ta*;e0g;[m; vmtm;tm;/ wcGm;ea*e0g;0kd; vmtm;tm;clavmfy'Jav;'gbl; vmtm;tm;/ 'gyvD 'g*kd y'Jtotl; vmtm;tm;

“a[hæ [dkrSm æ t&ufawmif;ae+yDæ oGm;csacs”ykd0D; “om;wkd@ æ ajr;wkd@a& æ ESpfcgusuf æ ESpfcgqlæ jrif;aomufjrif;&l;æ qifaomufæ qifem;aumufæ t&l;aomufæ t&l;aumif;vmævlaumif;aomufæ vlaumif;&l;æaomuf+yD;owdxm;=u æ olrsm;om;r,m;eJ@jypfrSm;rdr,fæ olrsm;tkd; æ ykvif;cJGrdr,f”

45

“uJæ na&muf+yDæ owkd@om;ukdtcef;tyf=upkd@æ xrif;ulpm;olæ rif;u tcef;tqHk;xdvkdufvkd@r&bl;aemfæ owkd@om;eJ@owkd@orD;ukd b,fol qkawmif;ay;rvJ”±Gmom;rsm; “zm;'Dykd0D;æ 'DrSmom;wkd@orD; wkd@ukdqkawmif;ay;&r,f”ykd0D; “uJæ owkd@om;eJ@owkd@orD;æ ,SOftdyf+yD;apmifjcHK=uæ t±Sifocifæ±Gm±Sifæ awmawmifykdif±Sifrsm;æ u|efawmfwkd@om;orD;ESpfa,muf 'Dae@rSpI wpfa,mufwnf;jzpf+yD;æ apmifha±Smufawmfrlygæ om;orD;rsm;eJ@ jynfhpHkºuG,f0+yD;om; wpfusdyfæ ajr;wpf&m&wJhtxdæ xm0&om ,mcsrf;ajr@ygap”±Gmom;rsm; “awmif;wJhqkeJ@jynfhygap”

em&DvufwHuav;wpfajz;ajz; csif;oGm;aeaomfvnf; ntarSmifukdausmfvGef+yD; ae@topfwpfzefa&mufvmjyef+yD? aejcnfrsm; 0if;0if;0g0gusa&mufvmcsdefæ yef;rsm;t=um; vdyfjymuav;rsm; ysH0JaeouJhokd@æawmif,m opfpyg;ikwfwkdrsm; t=um;oifwkdif;}uD;ESifh oifwkdif;eufuav;wkd@ wpfa,mufESifhwpfa,muf =unfp,f+yD; wpfa,mufrsufESmwpfa,mufcspfjcif;/ auseyfjcif;wkd@jzifh =unfhae=uonfrSm urBmavmu}uD;xJY olwkd@ESpfOD; xJom±SdouJhokd@ xif&onf? ±kwfw&uf olwkd@=unfEl;r_ukd zsufqD;aom ajcoHzswfzswfrSm uefoif;xufY ay:vmojzifhzm;armfavmu armh=unfh&m aeazgukdawG@&avonf?“a[hæ aeazgæ b,foGm;rvkd@vJæ =oæ wD;oaumvJygvmwmukd;æ b,foGm;=urvkd@vJ”aeazg “[D;[D;æ [m;[m;æ wD;wkd@ukdvm=unfhwmæ wD;armfavmæb,fvkdvJæ nutdrfrufaumif;&J›vm;”“ [m; [m; [m;”avajyavn‡if;u T&,foHukd ta0;okd@o,faqmifoGm;avonf?

46

u|Ekfyfwkd@ u&ifvlrsKd;wkd@. ±kd;&m,Ofaus;r_xHk;wrf;pOfvmrsm;rSm wifhw,fvSy+yD; rnfonfhvlrsKd;wpfrsKd;rsKd;rqkd u&ifh&yfXmaeokd@ a&muf±Sdygu awG@jrif&or#onf olwkd@tm;pdwf=unfEl;aprnfjzpf+yD; ±kd;om;ajzmifhrwfr_ taygif;ESifh,Ofaus;r_ bkef;toa&ESifh jynfh0onfukdawG@&ayrnf? bkd;ab;wkd@onfynmrºuG,f0aomfvnf; arG;&mygtodOm%fºuG,f0+yD; rdrd±kd;&m,Ofaus;r_ukd jrwfEkd;xdef;odrf;=uojzifh olwkd@ESifhoGm;I rdwfzJG@ygu 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;omnD!Gwfr_jzifh jyefvnfwkef@jyefrnfjzpf+yD; b0ifjrifhjcif;±Sdyg? tcsif;csif;nD&if;tpfukduJhokd@ t+rJcspf=unf&if;ESD;+yD; at;csrf;aeavonf?

wpfcgu ouf}uD;±G,ftkdwpfOD;xH oGm;vnf&mæ u&ifvlrsKd;wkd@.,Ofaus;r_ta=umif;ukd ajymjyavonf? xkd@aemufolu “igwkd@u&ifav;awG[m u&ifeJ@wlatmif touf±Sif&r,f? wpfjcm;vlrsKd;awG&Jh ,Ofaus;r_ukdtxif}uD;+yD; ukd,fhvlrsKd;&J›,Ofaus;r_ukd wefbkd;rxm;wmrsKd; rjzpf&bl;”[lIajym&m u|efawmfhpdwfxJrS TOD;av;}uD;rSm oem;=uifempdwf±Sd+yD; rsKd;cspfpdwf±Sdonfh olwpfa,muf[lI awG;rdavonf? wpfcgu TOD;av;wGif om;orD;rsm;pGm±Sdygonf? om;orD;rsm; tdrfaxmifðyygu t}uD;qHk;rSpI }uD;pOfi,fvkduftdrfaxmifðy&rnf? ausmf+yD;rðy&yg? u&ifh±kd;&m,Ofaus;r_” avhxHk;pHt& a±Smif&rnfhtcsufjzpfonf? wpfcgwpf&H c|wfacsmfr_±Sd+yD; ti,fut&iftdrfaxmifðyygu t}uD;rsm;ukd wpfckck uefawmh&rnf? ruefawmhygu raumif;yg? r}uD;yGg;onfhtjyif toufr±Snfyg?vif okd@r[kwf r,m;aoqHk;wwfonf? TonfrSm ±dk;om;ajzmifhrwfaom u&ifh"avhxHk;pHwpfckjzpfonf? om;orD;rsm;ukd tdrfaxmifðyay;v#ifvnf; owkd@orD;/ owkd@om;wkd@ESpfOD;onfoef@±Sif;&rnf? wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD;

anmifoD;pm;jrm;oHpGifh

47

rypfrSm;&yg? okd@rSom aumif;aumif;rGefrGef vufxyfay;avonf? rSm;rdaomolrsm;ukd vufrxyfay;yg? ±kd;om;rajzmifhrwf[k ,lqum vl}uD;rsm;u tjzpfom vufxyfay;vkdufavonf? tjzpfvufxyfjcif;qkdonfhxHk;wrf;rSm a,musfm;av;rsm;u wJao;ao;av;wpfvHk;uJhokd@aom ae&mwpfckukd aqmuf&rnf?

vufxyfxdrf;jrm;ay;cH&onfh olrsm;rSmrl *k%foa&ESifh jynfhpHkaom oljzpfaoma=umifh rdef;uav;xHoGm;onfhtcg tkyfpkvkdufoGm;=uavonf?Towkd@om;tzJG@ukd ‘azg0g;zdk;’ (yef;jzL) [kac:+yD; vufcHóudqkdol rsm;udk‘azgol;zkd;’(yef;rJ) [kac:qkd=uonf? olwkd@ESpfzJG@awG@qHkonfhtcg tvGefaysmf±$if=uygonf? tpm;taomufrpm;rD vl}uD;rsm;u xrif;cl;ckdif;+yD;wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD; twwfynmcsif; prf;=uavonf? azgol;tzJG@rS xrif;ukdausmufjzpfatmifvkyf+yD; xrif;cyfonfhZGef;ukd a¹rGjzpfatmifðy vkyfavonf? [if;ukdrlykd;[yfjzpfatmif vkyfvdkufavonf? +yD;azg0g;tzJG@ukd xrif;ac:au|;onf? olwkd@u xrif;/ [if;/ ZGef;rsm;ukd e*kdtwkdif;jyef jzpfatmifðyvkyf+yD;rS pm;aomufEkdifayonf? rðyvkyfEkdifygu xrif;rpm;&bJ atmifhxm;&ayrnf? xrif;jyifqifonfhae&mESifh tkd;xm;onfhae&mukd jzwfroGm;&yg? ESpfzufpvHk;u apmifhaeavonf? wpfa,mufa,mufu remcHbJ jzwfoGm;ygu ±kdufowfjcif;cH&ayrnf?

tu,fI azg0g;zkd;tzJG@u xrif;[if;rsm;ukd e*kdtwkdif; jyefrajymif;Ekdifyguðyvkyfolrsm;ukd oGm;awmif;yef&avonf? okd@rSom azgol;zkd;tzJG@rS ynm±Sifrsm;u tpm;tpmrsm;ukd e*kdtwkdif;jyefvnfajymif;vJay;+yD; azg0g;zkd;tzJG@rS pm;aomufEkdifayonf? azg0g;zkd;tzJG@rSvnf; owkd@orD;arG;xm;aom 0uf+cHxJrS 0ufwpfaumifukd oGm;zrf;+yD; ay:pm;&onfhxHk;pHwpfck±Sdavonf? olwkd@zmomolwkd@ ay:pm;&rnf? T0ufwpfaumifrSm owkd@

48

om;ESifh taygif;tygrsm;ESifhom oufqkdifavonf? olwkd@om ynmjynfh0ygu 0ufukdrD;&_d@ +yD;ajc/ vufwkd@ukd atmufokd@cs I wifyg;ukdoHk;csuf±kdufygu T0ufrSm jrpfxJtxdajy;avonf? xkdtcg olwkd@ckwfxpf+yD; xkdtwkdif;aomfvnf;aumif; csufðywfIaomfvnf;aumif; pm;=uavonf?rdef;uav;bufrS xkdtcsif;t&mukdjrifygu Towkd@om;rSm twwfynmESifh jynfhpHkonfh a,musfm;aumif;wpfa,mufjzpfrSef; od±Sdojzifh b0wpfav#mufvHk;twGuf vGefpGm 0rf;ajrmufaysmf±$ifavonf? vufxyfonfhtcrf;tem;+yD;ygu azg0g;zkd;wkd@jyef&rnfjzpfonf? olwkd@c&mrsm; r_wf/ vif;uGif;rsm;wD;/ zm;pnfukdwD;I uAsmzJG@um vkdcsifonfht&mrsm;ukd uAsm/vuFmrsm;jzifh awmif;avonf? olwkd@awmif;onfht&mrsm; &±Sdaomtcgjyef=uavonf? owkd@orD;awmif;&rf;onfhvl}uD;rsm;u 0ufacgif;ukdowkd@om;tdrfokd@ xrf;oGm;&onf? TonfrSm bkd;ab;wkd@ tarGay;cJhonfh ±kd;&mtarGtESpfjzpfavonf? owkd@om;ESifh oli,fcsif;wpfa,mufESpfa,mufrSm owkd@om;ESifhtwl aecJh&avonf? na&mufonfhtcgowkd@om;ukd owkd@orD;tdyfcef;okd@ ykd@aqmif&avonf? eHeufa&mufv#ifowkd@om;/ owkd@orD;ESifh ±Gmol±Gmom;rsm;jrpf/ acsmif;okd@oGm;I ig;±SmxGuf&onf? okd@oGm;&mwGif pm;&efuGrf;wpf,mvnf; xnfhoGm;&avonf?twlvkdufoGm;olrsm;u owkd@om;/ owkd@orD;wkd@. b0a±S›a&;twGufqkrGefaumif;rsm; awmif;ay;=uonf? owkd@om;/ owkd@orD;ESpfa,mufrSm ZeD;u a,musfm;&ufay;aom yvkdif;ukdvG,f&+yD;/ a,musfm;u ZeD;&ufay;aom tdwfukdvG,f&rnf? u&ift0wftpm;ukd 0wfqif&rnf?a,musfm;u oifwkdif;teDukd 0wf&+yD;/ ZeD;u oifwkdif;wkdESifh xrDudk 0wfqif&rnf? acgif;wGif ykd;acgif;pnf;ukd pnf;&+yD; trsm;t=um;wGif ay:vGifae&rnf? ±Gmol/ ±Gmom;rsm;u a&ukdwrHðyvkyf+yD; a&ukdcyfxkwfI a&ukefoGm;ygu rnfolr# t&ifig;qif;rzrf;&yg? ZeD;armifESHESpfOD;ukd t&ifzrf; aponf? olwkd@ESpfOD; ig;wpfa,mufwpfrsKd;pD&ygu qufrzrf;&awmhbJ ukef;

49

ay:okd@ jyefwufvmaponf? +yD;aemuf±Gmol±Gmom;rsm;ukd uGrf;rsm;,may;&rnfjzpf+yD; ±Gmol±Gmom;rsm;url wrHxJokd@ ig;rsm;qif;zrf;&onfrSm vGefpGm aysmfp&maumif;vSonf? jyefcsdefwefaomtcg wpfa,mufuzm;/ wpfa,mufuig; toD;oD;vmay;&m aemufqHk;yvkdif;jynfhavonf? ±Smay;olrsm;rSm awmif;yifrjynfhwwfyg? +yD;v#ifjyefvm=u&m vrf;wpfav#mufuGrf;rsm;pm;+yD;/ uGrf;wHaxG;rsm; axG;=u&m wpfvrf;vHk; &J&JeDaeavonf?

owkd@orD;tdrfwGif oHk;&ufae+yD;aemuf owkd@om;rSm rdrdtdrfokd@jyef&rnfjzpfonf? OD;pGmwpfOD;wnf; t&ifjyef=unfh&onf? vrf;ayguf+yDqkdrS ol.ZeD;ukd jyefac:vm&rnf? owkd@orD;rSm a,muQrtdrfwGif qefjyefaxmif;&rnf? olwkd@ESifhtwl oli,fcsif;rsm; vkdufygvmygonf? a,muQru 0rf;ajrmufpGmóudqkdavonf? eHeufvif;v#if ac|;ruqefaxmif;&rnfjzpfonf? a,muQru ac|;rrSmrdef;ryDor_±Sd/ r±Sdprf;oyfvkdI noef;acgiftcsdefwGif =uufOukdqHkxJY oGm;zGufxm;avonf? ac|;rrSm Akdif;aumif;ausmufzdjzpfyguowd±Sd+yD; qefukd=uufOESifh a&mraxmif;rdyg? earmferJhac|;rjzpfygu qefESifh=uufOukd a&maxmif;rdayrnf? xkd@a=umifhvl}uD;rdbrsm;. pum;yHkwpfck±Sdonf? =uufzrSefv#if tarmuf=unfhjcif;jzifh odEkdifonf [lIjzpfonf?

u&ifvlrsKd;rdef;r/ a,musfm;tcsif;csif; ajymrSm;qkdrSm;rjzpf&atmif tysKdrsm;rSm oifwkdif;teufr0wf&yg? a,musfm;&onfhtxd oifwkdif;tjzLukdom0wfqif&rnf? oifwdkif;tjzL0wfaomtysKdrSm oef@±Sif;+yD; rdrd*k%fa&ukd xdrf;odef;onhfoljzpfonf? ol@oifwkdif;tjzLukdjzpfap/ vufukdjzpfapukdifrdaomolrSm ol@ukdcspf&ayrnf? rcspfygu olESifhoGm;rywfouf&yg?ttkdrsm;rSmrl oifwkdif;teufukd 0wf&rnf? olonfrvGwfvyfawmhyg?xkd@a=umifh oifwkdif;tjzLr0wf&awmhyg? oifwdkif;wkdukd }udrfaphESifhcsKyf+yD;

50

xrD0wf&rnf? }udrfaphukd oifwkdif;ay:csKyfjcif;rSm TolrSm ykdifqkdifol±Sd+yD/rvGwfvyfawmhyg [lonfht"dyg,f±Sdonf? xkd@a=umifh tysKdESifhttkdtm;cJGjcm;Ekdif+yD; rypfrSm;rdawmhyg?

a±S;u&ifvlrsKd;rsm;wGif vSyaom±kd;&m±Sdonf? wpfckckvkyfrnfqkdv#if a±Smif&rnfhtcsufrsm;±Sdonf? awmif,mckwf&ef awmif,m±SmxGufonfhtcgvrf;wGif rnfonfhtaESmifht,Sufr#r±Sd&yg? a¹rGjzpfap/ pkdif§acsjzpfapvrf;jzwful;v#ifaomfvnf;aumif;/ òcHykwfiSuftoH=um;v#ifaomfvnf;aumif; edrdwfraumif; [k,lqonf? vpfvsL&_+yD; qufvkyfygu raumif;onfh wefjyefr_ukdcH&ayrnf? xkd@a=umifh a±SmifusOfavonf? ae&mtopfukdpdwfwkdif; us±SmazG=uonf? awmif,mrD;&_d@&mwGifvnf; a¹rGaousefygu xkdae&mwGif awmif,mrpkdufawmhyg? xm;cJ h&rnfjzpfonf?r[kwfyguom;/ r,m; (okd@) vifa,musfm; aoqHk;wwfonf [lI,Hk=unfaoma=umifh jzpfonf?

pl;xkd;onfhtcgwGif yxrOD;qHk; pl;xkd;&rnfholrSm vlysKdjzpf&rnf? ysKd;}uJonfholrSmvnf; tysKdjzpf&rnf? TvlESpfOD;rSm wpfae@vHk; wpfa,mufESifhwpfa,muf r=unfpm;&yg? pl;xkd;/ ysKd;}uJ&mwGifvnf; "avhxHk;pHwpfck±Sdonf? vlysKdwpfOD;OD;onf olrsufaphusaeaom tysKdu ysKd;r}uJay;yguolpkd;xkd;&mwGif rnfol@ukdr# rapmifhawmhyg? pl;}uD;om vSdrfhxkd;&m olpkd;xkd;aygufukd vkdufrrDawmhyg? xkdtcgtm;vHk;u olrsufaphusaeaom tysKdukd±Sm ac:ay;&avonf?

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54

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56

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,ckawmhaemfbl;vmrSm wpfrsKd;jzpfoGm;avonf? t&ifESifhrwlawmhyg?ol@tpfukdESifhvnf; pum;rajym/ tzufrvkyfawmhyg? reuf/ nxrif;pm;v#ifvJrac:yg? zm;qkv,frSmrl rnfolbmajymajym em;raxmifyg? zm;qkv,frSm pdwfxJrS ol@nDr0rf;uGJ ol@ukdrcspfawmhrSef; olodavonf? ol@

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zmom olpyg;rsm;ukd+yD;atmif &dwfavonf? pyg;rsm; ckepfawmif±Sdaompyg;usDckepfvHk;ESifh tjynfhxnfh+yD;aomfvnf; pyg;rukefao;ojzifh pyg;usDaqmufonfhykwfjym;ðyvkyfI &ef0g;xyfckwf&efvkdavonf? zm;qkv,fawmif,mtqHk;okd@oGm;I 0g;ckwf&mwGif aemfbl;vmuvJ vkdufoGm;avonf? zm;qkv,f0g;ckwfpOf vufacsmf+yD; ol@ajcaxmufukd ckwfrdavonf? aemfbl;vmrSm ol@tpfukd0rf;uGJtm; wpfcsufom=unfh+yD; tdrfokd@jyefoGm;avonf? ol@rdcifu ol@ukd “zkd;rl (orD;) wpfa,mufxJjyefvmwmbmjzpfvkd@vJæ orD;tpfukdaum b,foGm;vJ”[kar;&m bmr#jyefrajzay? ol@rdcifu xyfrHIar;aomtcg ol@tpfukd0rf;uJG 0g;ckwf&mwGif vufacsmf+yD; "g;xdojzifh aoG;rsm;pGmxGuf&mrS wpfukd,fvHk; jzLywfjzLa,mfjzpf+yD;arharsmoGm;a=umif; ajymjyavonf? ol@rdcifu “zkd;rl orD;tckvkd ae&/pm;&wm orD;tpfukda=umifhbJ qdkwmod&J›vm;” [kqlyGuf+yD; vsifjref pGmxI tdrfay:rSqif;um ±Gmom;tenf;i,fukd ol@wltm;jyefxrf;vm&efvdkufac:avonf? zm;qkv,fukd olrsm;xrf;vm+yD; tdrfokd@jyefa&mufvmcsdefESifh aemfbl;vmxrif;qlcsdefESifh wkd;avonf? ol@rdcifrSm olrtm;vGefpGmpdwfqkd;&m yg;±kdufrdavonf? aemfbl;vmrSmvnf; zm;qkv,frsufESmukd=unfhI raumif;ojzifh xrif;tjr‡Kyfrsm;ukdcyf+yD; ol@tpfukdajcaxmuf'%f&mtm; oGm;uyfxm;vkdufavonf? xkdtcg '%f&mrSaoG;rsm; wpfcgxJ &yfoGm;avonf? 2 &uf/ 3 &ufaemufykdif; zm;qkv,fowdjyefvnf&vmavonf?

ta': jzpfolrSm ol@wltm; aumif;rGefpGmðypk+yD; jrefjreftm;±Sdaprnfh tpm;aomufrsm;ukd au|;arG;avonf? zm;qkv,faumif;aumif; aeaumif;oGm;aomtcg olonf,mawmokd@oGm;+yD; pyg;rsm;ukd+yD;atmif oGm;vkyfavonf? xkdESpfwGif pyg;±SpfawmifESifhwif;av;&m &±Sdavonf? xkdtcsdefYtjcm;olrsm; vkyfief;rodrf;ao;yg? tcsKd@rSm &dwfodrf;Iyif r+yD;ao;yg?

60

zm;qkv,frSmrl vkyfief;odrf;+yD;I =umjrifhpGmem;+yD;av+yD? zm;qkv,fu“ighnDr0rf;uJG ighukd'Dvkda±Smifz,fz,fvkyfwm igaevkd@raysmfawmhbl;” [kajym+yD; ol@nDr.pdwftm; prf;oyfcsifavonf? olonf ol@t0wftpm;rsm;/ ypPnf;rsm;ukdodrf;qnf;+yD; tdrfay:rSqif;avonf? oltdrfatmufokd@oGm;+yD; qifukef;ESD;ab;okd@oGm;+yD; armif;ukdxkum “qif}uD;a&æ jyefvmawmh” [kajymvkduf&m qif}uD;rSm armif;oH=um;onfESifh ol@ocifxHokd@c sufcsi f ; jye fvmavonf? Tqif}uD;r Sm E Sp faygi f ;rsm;p Gmav#mufoGm;ae&m ol@ukd,fvHk;ay:wGif ±$H@tvdrf;vdrf;ESifh jzpfaeavonf?zm;qkv,frSm ol@qif}uD;tm;a&csKd;ay;&m jrpfwpfpif;vHk;aemufusdoGm;+yD;*%ef;/ ykpGef/ zm;/ ig;ponfha&xJrS ouf±Sdtm;vHk; aoqHk;ukefonfhtxdyifjzpfonf?

olonfol@qif}uD;tm; ukef;ESD;wyfqifay;+yD; qifay:wufum ajcaxmufESifh wdk@vkduf&mqifrSm aumif;uif,Hokd@ysHwufoGm;+yD; tysKd 30 ESifh vlysKd30 wkd@aumuf&dwfonfh txufta&muf zm;qkv,frSm atmufokd@iHk@=unfh+yD; armif;ukdwD;vkdufavonf? aumuf&dwfaeonfh vlysKd 30 ESifhtysKd 30 wdk@rSm armif;oH=um;onfESifhwpfòydifeuf vHk;0v_yfIr&awmhyg?wcsKd‹uxkdif/ wcsKd‹uukef;/ wcsKd‹upyg;&dwf/ wcsKd‹uaumufv_dif;pnf;ouJhokd‹ ae+rJtwkdif;aeI v_yfr&/ pum;ajymr&ESifh ausmufwHk;vdkawmifhoGm;&m olwkd@0wfonfhzdeyfrsm;yif avmufwufIajymifaeay+yD? rdbrsm;rSm pkd;&drfylyefpGmjzifh bmr#rvkyfwwfawmhyg?

zm;qkv,frSm c&D;oGm;&mrS Tokd@pOf;pm;rdavonf? “igjyef+yD; olwkd@udk±Sifatmif jyefvkyf&r,fæ r[kwf&if tysKd 30 eJ@ vlysKd 30 [m tukefaoukefvdrfhr,f” odk@ESifh jyefvSnfhvm+yD; xdktysKdvlysKdtay:wnfhwnfhokd@a&mufonfESifh armif;xkvkduf&m tm;vHk;owdjyef0ifvm+yD; rdrdwkd@tdrfokd@

61

toD;oD;jyef=uavonf? zm;qkv,fvnf; ol@nDr0rf;uGJtdrfokd@ jyefoGm;avonf?

rdbrsm;rSm olwkd@om;orD;rsm;jyefvnf owd&vm+yD; tdrfokd@jyefvmonfukdawG@v#if 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;omvSonfrSm az: jyIyifr&awmhyg? Twpf}udrfawmhjzifh wpf±GmvHk;±Sd vlwkdif;zm;qkv,fukd a=umuf±GH@+yD; rsm;pGm±kdaoukdif;±_dif;=uavonf? uwHk;uwkdufrvkyf&Jawmhyg? xkd@jyifolwdk@0rf;uGJESpfOD;jyefvnfoifhjrwf&ef óud;pm;=uavonf? aemufqHk;0rf;uGJESpfOD;rSm jyefvnfcspfcif+yD; om;ajr;rsm;&onfhtxd jynfhpHkuHkvHkpGmESifh wpfoufvHk;om,mcsrf;ajr@pGm aexkdifoGm;avonf?

(TyHkjyifrSm ,Hkwrf;'¾m&Dr[kwfyg? tjzpfrSefjzpfonf?)

zm;qkv,f.av;ESifhjrm;ckepfacsmif;rSmrcGif;&ao;yg? ,ckoHk;aomarmif;rsm;rSm zm;qkv,f.armif;ukdtwkck d;+yD; ðyvkyfxm;jcif;jzpfonf?zm;qkv,ftdkrif;+yD; toufukefqHk;vktcsdefwGif xkdarmif;tm; v_d%facgif;xJoGif;+yD; taygufukdydwfxm;vkdufavonf?

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“'l æ 'l æ 'la0a0 æ 'la0 æ 'la0 æ 'l æ 'la0”“tkd æ aemfa& æ armif;oH=um;vm; æ 'Dreufo&m (q&m) apmabm&J›,mukdoGm;ckwf=urvkd@ æ rif; aumvkdufrvm;”“ tif; æ oGm;rSmaygh æ rif;aumoGm;rSmvm;”“ oGm;rSm”

aemf'l;ESifhaemfvm;rSm tvGefcifaom oli,fcsif;ESpfOD;jzpfonf? olwkd@onfaomoDckd [kac:aomewfawmif. awmifajc±SdblcD;±GmwGif aexkdif.?xkdae&mrSm aqmif;wGif;wGif tvGefat;csrf;vS&m ukd,fhvufukd,fhajcukdyif ukdifIukdifrSef;rodonfhtxd jzpfonf? q&mapmabmonf vlysKd}uD;jzpf+yD; awmifilòrd@wGif aexkdifI yul;ausmif;wGif txufwef;ausmif;atmifjrifonf? awmolawmifom;rsm;ukd cspfcifrd+yD; T±GmYvma&mufaexdkifcJhonfrSm q,fESpfausmfay+yD? ±Gmol±Gmom;rsm;u q&mhukdvGefpGmcspfcif=uavonf? q&mapmabmvma&mufI pmoifptcsdefwGif aemf'l;ESifhaemfvm;rSm tajccHwef;okd@ pwifwufa&muf&onfhESpfjzpfonf? ESpfa,mufvHk; vdrRma&;jcm;±Sd+yD; Om%ftvGefaumif;=u&m q&mapmabmrSmolwkd@ESpfOD;tm; orD;&if;uJhokd@ cspfcifavonf? ,ckaemf'l;ESifhaemfvm;av;wef;atmif+yD; awmifilyul;ausmif;wGif pmqufoif&m e0rwef;okd@yifa&muf±Sd=uav+yD? ESpfwkdif;ausmif;ydwf&ufpyg;&dwfcsdefwGif ESpfOD;vHk; ±Gmodk@jyefvnf=uavonf? tcsdefrSm atmufwkdbmvjzpf+yD; eHeufESif;rsm;uscsdef eHeufapmapmwGif opfyifrsm;/ 0g;rsm; txl;ojzifh pyg;±Gufrsm;ay:wGifESif;&nfrsm;wJGvGJckdae=uonfrSm ykvJvHk;rsm;wpfvHk;/ wpfvHk;wef;pD aeouJhokd@jzpf+yD; awmufajymifvSyvSonf? okd@aomf oGm;Iwkd@=unfhrdygu

aomoDawm&JhtvS

63

aomoDcdkESif;&nf. tat;"gwfu oihfESvHk;om;tm; [dr0EœmawmifqDodk@ a&mufoGm;aprnfjzpfonf?

jymjymovJESifh rdef;uav;ESpfa,mufonf xrif;xkyf/ ig;ydaxmif;pyfpyfESi fhwkd@p&mr_dwpfrsKd; ponfwkd@xnfhxm;aom yvkdif;ukdvG,fvkduf+yD; rD;wkwfukd,fpDxGef;um vlysKd 30 acgif;. armif;oHaemufvkdufI q&mapmabm. ,mxJodk@ wpfpkwpfa0;}uD; oGm;=uavonf? ,mxJa&mufonfESifhtysKd/ vlysKd/ tr,f}uD;/ tzkd;}uD;/ uav;oli,ftm;vHk; atmifjrifaompyg;pnf;rsm;&±Sd&ef &nf±G,fcsufjzifh wpfaysmfwpfyg;0kdif;I &dwfodrf;=uavonf? awmifay:±kd;&mtwkdif; pyg;&dwf&mwGifI &,fp&m/ armp&mrsm; ajymqkdI &dwfodrf;=uonf? wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD; vSrf;Iratmf[pf=uyg? &,f&,farmarmjzifh wpfOD;jzpfpOfukdwpfOD;tm; ajymjy=uavonf? wpfcsKd@u rdrd.pdwf0ifpm;p&m pdwfv_yf±Sm;p&m/ wpfcsKd@uoem;p&m/ wpfcsKd@updwfcsrf;ajr@p&m tawG@tóuHrsm;ukd ajymjy=uavonf? q&mapmabmrSm oli,fpOfu ta=umif;rsm;ukd ,ckuJhokd@ jyefvnfajymjyavonf?

“u|efawmf òrd‹ay:rSmaewkef;u awmawmif&J›tvStyawGukd rodbl;æeJeJ}uD;vm+yD; yHkawGqJGwwfvmwJhtcg yef;csDqJGbdk@yHkawGukd vkduf±Smw,fævrf;awG/ taqmuftODawG/ yef;+cHawG[m u|efawmhfpdwfukd rqJGaqmifEkdifbl;æ aemufawmh xl;xl;jcm;jcm; yHkwpfyHkukdawG@w,fæ yHkxJrSm awmif}uD;wpfawmif[m tjrifh}uD;jzpf+yD; yef;trsKd;rsKd;tzHkzHkæ iSufawGvnf; ta&miftaoG;trsKd;rsKd;/ opfyif}uD;awGuvnf; tukdif;tcufawGeJ@ vSyvkdufwmæ yHkxJrSm wdrfawGuvJ r_Hr_Hr$m;r$m;eJ@ awmifab;/ awmif=um;rSmvGifharsmaewmukd=unfh+yD; tJ'DyHkukd pdwfxJrSmpJGvrf;rdwm tdrfrufawmifruf,l&w,f? reuftdyf,mxwmeJ@ tarhukdyHkjy+yD; 'DyHkxJuae&mukdar;awmh taru 'Dae&m[m aomoDckdawmifjzpfw,fæ 'DawmifrSm vl

64

wpfa,mufrSr±Sdbl;æ jrif;/ qif/ usm; pwJhawm±kdif;wd&p>meftrsKd;rsKd;bJ±Sdw,fvkd@ ajymw,f? tarhpum;ukd=um;wJhtcg u|efawmfh&if[m wpf'kwf'kwfeJ@ckefaew,fæ 'gayrJh 'DyHkukd u|efawmhf&J›acgif;tHk;pGyfxJrSm xnfhxm;+yD; u|efawmf}uD;vmwJhtxd ae@wkdif;wpfae@wpfcg xkwf=unfhw,fæu|efawmf txufwef;ausmif;atmifjrifwJhtcg aumvdyfwufcsifpdwfeJ@ vay;tvkyf±SmcsifwJhpdwfr±Sdbl;æ 'DaomoDckdu om;&JawGqDbJ pdwfua&mufvkd@ 'Dae&mukdvmbkd@ vrf;±Smw,fæ u|efawmfa&mufvkd@ uav;awGudkjrifwJhtcg *sD;awGtvdyfvdyfeJ@ wu,fhukd jrif;awG/ qifawGeJ@wlwmukd awG@&w,fæ 'gayrJh =um=umaeawmh 'D±Gmol±Gmom;awG&J› jzLpifwJhpdwfeJ@ {nfh0wfa=uwJholawG&J› pdwfaeoabmxm;ukd cHpm;&wJhtcgu|efawmf[m aumif;uifbHkukd a&mufvmovkdbJ cHpm;&w,fæ tif;æ'DaomoDckd&J› tvStyat;csrf;r_ukdom csD;rGrf;&&if reufuaentxdwpfESpfvHk; csD;rGrf;&ifawmifrS qHk;EkdifrSmr[kwfbl;”q&mapmabmpum;qHk;onfhtcg ,mwJxJrS csufðywfaeaom ausmif;om;wpfpk. toHxGufvmavonf?“q&ma&æ xrif;pm;vkd@&+yDæ [if;usuf+yDæ tm;vHk;tqifoifhjzpf+yD;”q&monf pyg;&dwfaeaomoltm;vHk;ukd jyefac:+yD; xrif;twlwpfuGpm;aomuf=uavonf? ig;[if;wpftkd;ESifh a,musfm;rsm;u acsom;ESifhacs;cg;[if;/ iSufom;ESifhusKdxm;aom tpyf[if;wkd@udk tdrfrS,laqmifvmaom i±kwfoD;axmif;rsm;ESifh =uufoGefjzL/ =uufoGefeD/ csKdcg;cg; t&om±Sdonfhr_dwpfrsKd;ESifh blcD;±Gmom;rsm;ta,mufwkdif; +rdef,SufpGm wpfaysmfwpfyg;pm;aomuf=uavonf? pm;aomuf+yD;aomtcg em;em;aeaejzifh ar}uD;/ zkd;}uD;wkd@ aq;vdyfaomuf/ uGrf;pm;=u/ tysKd/ vlysKdrsm;upyg;ESHrsm;tm;wJG+yD;pnf;/ tcsKd@u uAsmvuFmrsm;jzifh trSmpum;ajym=u/ tcsKd@upyg;±kd;ukd jzwf+yD;yD;yD;/ yD;yD;ESifhESJr_wfouJhokd@ r_wf=uonfrSm em;0ifcsKdvSygonf? uav;rsm;u vl}uD;rsm;em;aecsdefwGif v,f*%ef;rsm;/ yk&pfrsm;

65

vkduf±Sm/ wpfcsKd@u csKHykwfxJokd@oGm;um csKHykwf±SdiSufuav;rsm;tm; tdrfY jyefarG;&ef vkdufE_dufae=uavonf? awmawmif. om,mr_u ±Gmom;rsm;. ylyefpdwfæ pkd;&drfa=umifhuspdwfwkd@ukd aysmufuG,fapygonf?

em;aecsdef+yD;onfESifh aemf'l;ESifhaemfvm;wkd@onf trsm;ESifhtwl pyg;awmxJokd@ 0ifoGm;avonf? olwkd@aumuf&dwfaepOf aemfvm;u aemf'l;ukdar;vkdufonf?“oli,fcsif;aemf'l;æ rif;q&mhta=umif; wpfcg wpfav rawG;rdbl;vm;”aemufaemufajymifajymifESifhaemf'l;ujyefajymonf?“oli,fcsif;a&æ igwkd@twGuftoufenf;enf;r}uD;vGef;bl;vm;”aemfvm;uaemf'l;ukdjyefI “r[kwfbl;æ oli,fcsif;æ q&m[m rdbucsrf;omæ armifESrawGu toD;oD;tdrfaxmifðyukef+yD; qifawGjrif;awGeJ@ætdrf}uD;awGeJ@æ uav;awGuvJ aumvdyfawGbmawGatmifeJ@ q&mwpfa,mufxJ bmjzpfvkd@rsm; 'DrSmvm+yD; tqif;&JcH&wmvJ rodbl;aemfæol@armifESrawGursm; ol@ukdEkdif=uvkd@rsm;vm;æ 'grSr[kwfæ ta=umif;wpfckcka=umifhrsm; 'DrSmvmykef;a±Smifaewmrsm;vm;vkd@ awG;p&mwpfck±Sdw,faemf” [kajym&maemf'l;rSm aemfvm;ukd “oli,fcsif;a&æ rif;awG;ovkdr[kwfbl;æ q&m[m igwkd@awmifay:om;awGtwGuf }uD;rm;wJh&nf±G,fcsuf±Sdw,fæ rif;rSwfrdao;vm;æ rif;eJ@igav;wef;atmifvkd@ awmifilòrd@rSm tv,fwef;wufbkd@oGm;rJhtcsdefwkef;u q&mu'dk@ESpfa,mufukd 'DvdktrSmpum;ajymcJhwmavæ rif;wkd@ESpfa,muf[m 'Dawmif&J› yxrqHk; yGifhrJhyef; ewforD;/ yef;bk&ifrESpfyGifhjzpfw,fæ rif;wkd@[m tjrifhqHk;awmifay:rSm ae&wJhtwGuf taumif;qHk;/ toef@qHk;aom avukd±SL&+yD; jrifhrm;+yD; ta0;qHk;rSm±SdwJh awmifukdvSrf;jrif&w,f rif;wkd@òrd@}uD;ukdoGm;&if owd0D&d,±Sdaemfæ‘zGwfrdausmif;a&xJus rdausmif;xufqkd;’rjzpfapeJ@æ awmifay:om;

66

txl;ojzifh u&ifh±dk;&m,Ofaus;r_ "avhxHk;pHukd+rJ+rJukdifxm;/ raumif;wmrSefor#tukefa±Smifaemf vkd@rSmcJhw,favæ tif;æ q&m[migwkd@ukd pdwfapwem±Sd+yD; igwkd@ukd igwkd@aomoDawmifvkdbJ ynm&nfjrifhrm;apcsifwm”aemf'l;uxyfrHI “+yD;awmh q&m[m wpfuJhu&iftrsKd;om;wpfa,mufbJolpum;ajymwJhtcg tjcm;bmompum;ukd odyfroHk;bl;æ txl;ojzifholpcef;rSm oifwef;oGm;wuf+yD; jyefvmwkef;u ol@q&mwD;Ekd; oa0gwm;ta=umif; t+rJjyefjyefajymavh±Sdw,f? aemufwpfa,mufæ wD;e,fvkd@ac:wJh wpfa,mufukdvnf; oltaotvJcsD;rGrf;w,f” ajym&maemfvm;uquf+yD; “tkdæ oli,fcsif;æ q&mckajymaew,fæ wD;e,feJ@wD;Ekd;wkd@ESpfa,mufpvHk; tckEkdifiHjcm;udka&mufukef+yDæ 'gayrJh 'Dtzkd;wefvlESpfa,muf[m =uufawGvkdtpmpm;+yD; yg;pyfokwfypfwJh vlpm;rsKd;r[kwfbl;æolwkd@ EkdifiHjcm;oGm;jcif;[m u&ifjynfwdk;wufbkd@ &nf±G,fcsufeJ@bJæwpfae@us&if olwkd@ESpfa,muf[m jyefvm+yD; u&ifvlaer_tqifhtwef;ukd'DaomoDawmifavmuf jrifhrm;atmifæ +yD;awmh 'dk‹u&ifvlrsKd;awG&J› ,Ofaus;r_awG[m aomoDawmifu yef;uav;awGvkdbJ zl;yGifhar$;óudifwJhtwGuf 'dk‹u&ifrav;awGvJ aomoDawmifvkdbJ zl;yGifhar$;óudif+yD; aomoDawmif&J› iSufuav;awGvkd aysmf±$ifoDusL;Ekdifatmif jr‡ifhwifay;rSm jzpfw,f”

naeapmif;wGif ausmif;olawmifay:olESpfOD;wkd@onf olwkd@.±Gmokd@ ,ae@tawG@tóuHESifh pum;rsm;u&±Sdaom ,Hk=unfjcif;/ ar#mfvifhjcif;tjynfhESifh =unfEl;ESpfodrfhpGmjzifh jyefoGm;avonf? wpfae@wGif Tjynfe,fwpfckvHk; Tawmifay:olESpfa,mufuJhokd@yif aomoDawmif. om,mvSyr_ukd cHpm;&rnfjzpf+yD; aomoDawmifuJhokd@yif awmrSay;aom om,m=unfEl;r_taygif;ukd cHpm;&rnfjzpfonf?

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avat;av;rsm; ajz;n‡if;pGmwkdufcwfvm+yD; opf±Guf0g;±Gufwkd@ ajz;n‡if;pGm ,drf;,kdifv_yf±Sm;onfhaEGtukef rkd;aumif;uif}uD;rSm wdrfwkdufrsm;zHk;tkyfoGm;jcif;a=umifh arSmifusoGm;avonf? rkd;+cdrf;oHwpf+cdrf;+cdrf; =um;&+yD;rkd;aumif;uif}uD;rSm òydusrwwfjzpfaeayonf?

Tokd@jzpfwwfonfhtcsdefrSm aEGukefvk+yD; rkd;a&mufvktcsdefjzpfayonf?opfyif/ 0g;yifwddk@rSm pdrf;pkdvef;qef;vm+yD; =unfhItvGefvSyygonf? okd@aomf wuGD;rD±Gmom;wkd@ Twpfacguf rdk;av0otajctaeukd=unfh+yD;pdwfv_yf±Sm;aeavonf? wuGD;rD±Gmonf r}uD;ri,fjzpf+yD; òrd@ESifha0;vSonf? ±Gmol±Gmom;rsm;rSm rsm;aomtm;jzifh ±kd;±kd;om;om;aexkdif=u+yD;v,fvkyfief;jzifh toufarG;=u&m r=umrDtcsdeftwGif; v,fawmxJokd@qif;&awmhrnfjzpfonf? aemufwpfae@eHeuf (7) em&DcsdefwGif wuGD;rDaus;±Gmvl}uD; obGgxD;cvmonf ±Gmol±Gmom;rsm;ukd ac:,lpkpnf;+yD;toHus,f}uD;ESifh “om;wkd@æ ajr;wkd@a&æ rkd;usbkd@eD;vm+yDæ r=umcifv,fxJqif;&awmhrSmrk d@ tm;vHk;owd0D&d,eJ@ae=uæ usef;rma&;*±kpkduf=uaemfæ a& ajymif;a&vGJ±SdawmhrSmrkd@ rif;wkd@usef;rma&;ukd *±kpkduf=uæ reufjzefus&if vl}uD;olrawG ±Gmapmifhewfukd ylaZmfr,f” [kajym+yD;wpfqufwnf;rSmyif ±Gmom;xJrSwpfOD;ukd ar;±kd;ar;pOftwkdif; ar;vkdufonf?ol}uD; “a[hæ wD;uavmhæ 'DESpfrkd;avtajctae b,fvkdaer,fvdk@xifvJ”wD;uavmh “tif;æ cgcsOfawGukd=unfh&ifawmhæ rkd;enf;enf;rsm;r,f”ol}uD; “bmjzpfvdk@vJ”

wD;uavmh&JhtrSmpum;

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wD;uavmh “Ekd@æ wpfae@u u|efawmfhEGm;twGuf acsmif;eHab;u xif;wpfacsmif;/ ESpfacsmif;oGm;ckwfwkef;u [kd;opfyifxdyfrSm cgcsOftHkt}uD;}uD;ukd awG@w,fæ taumifrenf;bl;æ 'ga=umifh rkd;rsm;rSmtrSefbJ”ol}uD; “avrkefwkdif;tajctaeuaum”wD;uavm h “avawmhrjyif;avmufygbl;æ avomjyif;&if 'DcgcsOfawG[kd;opfyifxdyfrSm b,ftokdufaqmufrvJ”ol}uD; “tif;æ rkd;uaum b,ftcsdefrSmrsm;r,fvkd@xifvJ”wD;uavmh “tif;æ rkd;vmbkd@eD;+yD? tdrfab;u zdpl;nm;yif (anmifyifESifhwlaomEG,fyif) u toD;awG wajz;ajz;rSnfvm+yD;æ ozef;yifukd=unfh&wmawmh yxrtxpfrSm odyfroD;bl;æ tukdif;ay:rSm =unfh&ifvnf; 'Dtwkdif;bJæ [kd;xdyfzsm;rSmawmh oD;w,f? 'ga=umifh ESpfprSm rkd;±Gmr,frxifbl;æ ESpfaESmif;ykdif;rSmawmh renf;rrsm;jzpfr,f” wD;uavmhonfobm0ta=umif;em;vnf+yD; cef@rSef;wwfojzifh olajym+yD;onfESifh tdrfjyefoGm;avonf? tpnf;ta0;rSmvnf; TwGif+yD;qHk;oGm;avonf?

aemufwpfae@nae (4) em&DavmufwGif “a[hæ xGuf=uæ xGuf=u”wuGD;rD±Gmwpf±GmvHk;qlnHaeonf? vl}uD;olrrsm;tdrfrsm;okd@ vm=uaoma=umifhjzpfonf? vifyef;t}uD;}uD; wpfckukdxrf;+yD; tdrfwpfvHk;+yD;wpfvHk;oGm;&m tdrfwkdif;rSqm;/ ig;yd/ ðiyfaumif; wpfwkd@pDxnhf+yD; olwkd@uESD;jzifhðyvkyfxm;aomav;ukd tdrfavSum;&if;Y xkd;pkdufxm;vkdufavonf?t"dyg,frSm TtdrftwGif;okd@ r aumif;qkd;0g;rsm; r0ifa&muf&efESifh ql;±Sdaom }udrfcg;zl;t±Gufwpfcufukd csxm;avonf? raumif;qkd;0g;rsm;onf}udrfcg;zl;tql;ukda=umufonf [kqkdavh±Sdojzifhjzpfonf? tdrfrsm;ukdvSnfhvnfcH,l+yD;onfESifh xkdvifyef;}uD;tm; ±Gmab;vrf;qHkokd@ oGm;xm;+yD;&yf±Gmat;csrf;ap&ef qkawmif;+yD; vifyef;}uD;/ av;/ }udrfcg;zl;ESifh tjcm;t&mtm;vHk;ukd xm;cJhavonf? t"dyg,frSm raumif;qkd;0g;rsm;/ a&±Sifjynfh

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±Sifrsm; ±Gmukdvm rzsufqD;ap&efESifh ‚if;wkd@tm; ae&mcsay;+yD; vlESifhvmrae&ef &nf±G,favonf? +yD;aemuf ±Gmvl}uD;rsm; ±Gmokd@jyefvm=uavonf?±GmxJr0ifcif ±GmESifheD;vmonfhtcg ±Gmvl}uD;rsm;u toHus,f}uD;jzifh“om;wkd@/ ajr;wkd@a&æ jyefukef+yDvm;”±Gmom;rsm; “ jyefukef+yD/ tukefjyefukef+yD” xkdtcgrS ±Gmvl}uD;rsm;u ±GmtwGif;okd@ 0ifEkdifavonf?xkd@jyif±Gmvl}uD;rsm; tdrfwGif;r0ifrD avSum;&if;ta&mufwGif om;orD;rsm;ukd ar;&onf? “om;wkd@/ ajr;wkd@a&æ jyefukef+yDvm;”“ jyefukef+yD/ tukefjyef ukef+yD” xkdtcgrStdrfxJokd@0ifEdkifavonf?Tokd@tdrfrsm;okd@vSnfhvnfoGm;jcif;. t"dy`g,frSm vlxJwGifaeaomraumif;qkd;0g;rsm;ukd armif;xkwfjcif;jzpf+yD;/ vifyef;}uD;ukd ±Gmab;vrf;rsm;qHkokd@ oGm;xm;jcif;rSm raumif;qkd;0g;rsm;ukd tjcm;ae&mokd@ ykd@aqmif+yD;tpmoGm;au|;jcif;jzpfonf? aemufwpfv=umaomtcg wdrfrsm;zJG@vm+yD;rkd;+cdrf;oHrsm;ukd=um;&+yD; rkd;vnf;±Gmcsavonf? wuGD;rD±Gmom;rsm; rdrdv,fxJ±Sdv,fapmifhwJwGif oGm;ae&+yD; acwWc% cJGcGg&csdefjzpfonf?tcsKd@rSm u|Ja=umif;/ EGm;a=umif;+yD; tcsKd@rSm v,fxGefav+yD? aemufxyfESpfvcef@=umv#if tcsK d @rSm pyg;rsm;ukd pk dufysK d;=uav+yD? xkdtcgwD;uavmhrSm v,form;yDyD pyg;aphtenf;i,fukd,l+yD; ol@v,ftqHk;wGifoGm;pkdufavonf? t"dyg,frSm pyg;pkduf/ v,fpvkyfjcif; t"dyg,fjzpfonf?aemufwpfae@wGif xrif;OD;/ a&OD;ESifh=uuf/ iSufaoG;rsm;udk ,laqmif+yD;ol@v,ftqHk;wGifoGm;I ±kd;&mtwkdif; ylaZmfyoavonf? +yD;v#ifwD;uavmhonf toHus,f}uD;ESifh qkawmif;avonf?“a&±Sifæ jynfh±Sifæ ajr±Sifæ tckæ u|efawmfhukd,fykdif OpPmypPnf;rsm;ESifhylaZmfyoygonf? pyg;a&æ oif[m vlwkd@toufocifjzpf+yD;æ ±Gmom;rsm;ukd au|;arG;&rSmrkd@ pyg;rsm;rsm;atmifygap” tcsdefumvwkd@onf wpf

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csdef+yD;wpfcsdefvSnfhywfoGm;+yD;yxr0gqkdvyif0if a&mufvm+yD? xkdtcsdefwGifwuGD;rD±Gmol±Gmom;tm;vHk;vkdvkdwpftdrf/ wpf tdrfvdyfjymac:/ vufcsnfyGJ/pm;yJGrsm; ðyvkyf=uavonf? aumufn‡if;xkyfrsm;xkyf/ aysmfyg;pGm uAsmvuFmrsm;ukd 0gqkdvwpfvvHk; usif;yavonf?

aemufwpfv=umaomtcg rdk;enf;enf;yg;oGm;+yD; pyg;yift!Gef@rsm;axmifvm+yD; wHykd;oHrsm;ukd =um;&ay+yD? v,fpyfwGif jrpfacsmif;±Sdaomolrsm;/ wrH±Sdaomolrsm;u a&rsm;ukdydwfI om;/ ig;rsm;ukdzrf;+yD; ig;yd/ig;ajcmufrsm; vkyfpm;avonf? wrHrsm;ukdykdufrsm;jzifhwm;+yD; zm;/ ig;/ykpGefrsm;ukd zrf;pm;=uavonf? TESpfwGif uwfuwpfrsm; wpfcsKd‹awmfawmfrsm;rsm;&&m “om;wkd@/ ajr;wkd@a&æ 'DESpfowdxm;=uæ qefa&pyg;±Sm;csif±Sm;vdrfhr,f” t"dyg,frSm uwfuwpfrsm;rsm;&v#if qefa&pyg;±Sm;wwfaoma=umifh jzpfonf?

tcsdefumvwpfck+yD;wpfck ukefqHk;oGm;+yD; pyg;&dwfodrf;csdefa&mufvmay+yD?qefopfrSmar$;vSonf? xkdtcsdefwGif aumufopfpm;yGJðyvkyfavonf?vlwkdif;aysmf±$if=u+yD; ouf}uD;±G,ftkdrsm;uom;/ ajr;rsm;ukd qHk;rpum;ajym=um;+yD; xrif;twlwpfuG 0kdif;pm;=u+yD; aysmf±$ifpGmupm;=uavonf?aumufopfpm;yGJqdkonfrSm pyg;ay:OD;ptcsdefwGif pyg;OD;twGuf usif;yaomyGJjzpfayonf? odyfr=umrDwGif u&ifESpfopful;ae@okd@ a&muf±Sdvmavonf? u&ifwpfrsKd;om;vHk; ESpfopful;yGJawmfukd usif;y=uonfh txJwGif wuGD;rD±GmrS ouf}uD;rsm;ESifh ±Gmom;rsm;tm;vHk; pkaygif;+yD; u&ifESpfopful;yGJawmfukd usif;y=uygonf? ouf}uD;±G,ftkdrsm;u ESpfopful;ta=umif;rsm;ukd ajymjy+yD; tcsKd@u u&ifh±kd;&m"avhrsm;ukd trSmpum;ajymjyonfhtxJwGifzm;'Duavmh uTokd@rSm=um;avonf?

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“zm;'Dt+rJowd&wJh tcsufwpfcsufuæ 'dk@awG[m touf}uD;+yD; qHyifjzLukef+yDæ aemufxyf=um=um ae&rSmr[kwfawmhbl;æ 'ga=umifh aemufrsKd;qufawGrif;wkd@ &J›,Ofaus;r_ukdod±Sd+yD;xdef;odrf;=uyg” xkd@aemuf om;ajr;rsm;ukd Tokd‹ qlrGefaumif;aumif;ayonf? “zlzlvHkvHkpm;aomuf&ygapæ ab;&efuif;a0;=uygap” [kqkrGefaumif;awmif;ay;=uavonf?

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wpfcgu vifr,m;ESpfa,muf±Sdonf? olwkd@ESpfOD;onf tdrfaxmifus+yD;twef=umrS orD;av;wpfOD; xGef;um;avonf? orD;uav;rSm jzLjzLazG;azG;/ yHk@yHk@tdtdav;ESifh cspfp&maumif;vSojzifh aemfavmft,f (cspfp&m)[ktrnfay;avonf? Tvifr,m;Y nDrwpfa,muf±Sdonf? nDrrSmvnf; tdrfaxmifus+yD; om;uav;wpfa,muf±Sd.? om;uav;.trnfukd apmoa*; [krSnfhavonf? Tom;av;wGm;wwfonfhtcsdefYrdbESpfOD;pvHk;aoqHk;oGm;avonf? apmoa*;rdcifqHk;oGm;onfESifh ta':jzpfol aemfavmft,f.rdcifu apmoa*;ukd jyefIarG;pm;avonf?T0rf;uGJarmifESrESpfa,mufrSm twlwpfuG }uD;jyif;vm&ojzifh wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD;cspfcifvSonf? ESpfOD;pvHk; wpfa,mufESifhwpfa,muf opPm±Sd=uavonf? wpfckckpm;&v#if twlwla0r# pm;=uonf?

olwkd@ESpfOD;t±G,fa&mufI tvkyfvkyfukdifwwfonfht±G,fokd@ a&mufaomtcgwGifvnf; wpfwJGwJGtvkyftwlvkyf=uonf? oGm;v#ifvnf;twlwl/ jyefv#ifvnf;twlwl jzpfonf? aemfavmft,frSm tom;t&nfacsmrGwf+yD; qHyifaumif;vSonf? apmoa*;rSmvnf; a,musfm;yDoIacsmarG@vSonf? aemfavmft,fESifh apmoa*;rSm t±G,fa&muf+yDjzpfojzifhwpfOD;ESifhwpfOD; tvGefcspf=u+yD; opPmvnf;±Sd=uavonf? rdef;uav;pm;rS a,musfm;av;upm;avonf? a,musfm;av;urpm;v#if rdef;uav;uvnf; rpm;awmhyg? tcsdefwefv#if olwkd@ESpfOD;vufxyf=urnf [kESpfOD;pvHk;u qHk;jzwfxm;avonf? apmoa*;rSm rdbrJholuav;jzpfaoma=umifh ol@YOpPmypPnf; bmr#r±Sday? xkd@a=umifh vufrxyfrD ol@ESr0rf;uJGtm; ukefoGm;ul;rnf [kajymavonf? olukeful;oGm;rnhftcsdef ckepfESpf/

zm;pnfjzLESifharSmfausmufaqmif

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ckepfvESifh ckepf&uf=umrnfjzpf+yD; vkyfief;+yD;onfESifh jyefvmrnfjzpfonf?ol@ESr0rf;uGJtwGuf a±$bD;ukyf/ a±$em;uyf oGm;vkyfay;rnfjzpfonf? ol@0rf;uGJESrtm; aumif;aumif;aecJh&efESifh oljyefvmonfhtxd ol@tm;apmifh&ef rSm=um;avonf? ol@ESr0rf;uGJrSm pdwfav;vSaomfvnf; ol@tpfukd0rf;uGJrSmonfhtwkdif; tòyH;uav;ESifhacgif;ndwfavonf? eHeufapmapmx+yD;ol@tpfukd0rf;uGJtm; xrif;xkyfay;avonf?

apmoa*;rSm ol@ESrtm;cspfonfhpdwf/ ESruav;tm;jznfhqnf;ay;csifonfhpdwfESifh c&D;pxGufavonf? wpfajz;ajz;ESifh apmoa*;jyefvm&rnfh&uf a&mufvkeD;ay+yD? ol@ESrta=umif; raumif;onfhtdrfrufukdrufonf?oljyef&efjyifqif+yD; jyefvmavonf? aemfavmft,frSmrl ol@tpfukkd0rf;uGJtm; cspfcifonfhpdwfESifh opPm±SdpGmaecJhavonf? uHqkd;rdk;arSmifus+yD; tcuftcJESifh&ifqkdif&rnfh&ufukd &ifqkdif&rnfrSef;olrod±Smyg?

aemfavmft,f±GmESifh reD;ra0;wGif ±Gmwpf±Gm±Sdonf? T±Gmukd0±Gm [kac:onf? 0wkd@onf vlom;pm;onfh vlrsKd;jzpfonf? ‚if;wkd@onf vufcsnf/vdyfjymac:v#if vlom;ukd csufpm;=uonf? oli,fcsif;rdwfaqGrsm; olwkd@±Gmokd@oGm;vnfv#ifvnf; vlom;csufau|;=uonf? 0vl}uD;wpfOD;onfvufcsnf/ vdyfjymac:&eftwGuf vlESifhvJ&ef zm;pnfjzLwpfvHk;ukdvG,f+yD;aemfavmft,fwkd@±Gmokd@ vmavonf? aemfavmft,f. rdcifonf vGefpGmavmb}uD;aomoljzpfojzifh xkdzm;pnfjzLtm; ol@orD;ESifhvJcsifonf?aemfavmft,f.zcifrSm rlrdrd&ifaoG;tm; zm;pnfjzLESifhrvJvkdyg? ol@orD;tm; 0jyefpm;rnfukd vGefpGmoem;onf? r,m;rSm a,musfm;rnfr#yifwm;wm; avmb}uD;vSojzifh zm;pnfjzLtm;,l+yD; orD;tm; 0vufxJokd@xnfhvkdufavonf? 0vl}uD;rSm vdyfjymac:&awmhrnfjzpfI 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;omESifhjyefoGm;avonf? zcifjzpfolrSm orD;tm; rsuf&nfrsufcGufESifh

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=unfh+yD; usefcJhavonf? 0vl}uD;onf ol@±Gm±Sdtdrfa&mufonfESifh rdwfaqGrsm;ukdzdwf+yD; t&ufcsuf/ xrif;csuf+yD; rdef;uav;.ajc/ vufwkd@udk csDaESmif+yD; =uyfckd;pifay: Y uifxm;avonf? rD;ukdatmufYyHk+yD; rD;awmufonfESifh aemfavmft,frSm rD;avmif+yD; &ifylvSayonf? ol@tom;tm;rD;avmifojzifh ylavmifwl;ukef+yD; tqDrsm;rSm =uyfckd;pifatmufodk@ usvmavonf? 0wkd@onf t&ufaomuf/ xrif;pm;+yD; aemfavmft,f.usvmonfhtqDrsm;tm; vsufpm;=uavonf? aemfavmft,frSm rD;ay:wGifae&+yD; rv_yfr±Sm;EkdifbJ aovkrwwf ikdaºuG;aomfvnf; rvGwfajrmufEkdifyg? =um=umaeav a0'emjyif;avavjzpf+yD; =umawmhowdvpfoGm;avonf? aemfavmft,f. uH=urRmrSm ol@twGuf qkd;±Gm;vSygonf?

apmoa*;rSmrl ESr0rf;uGJESifhaysmf±$ifpGm awG@qHk&efjyefvmavonf? okd@aomfol@ar#mfvifhcsufrSm ysufpD;oGm;av+yD? tdrfa&muf+yD; ESrtm;rawG@ojzifhta':tm;ar;onfhtcg rnfokd@r#jyefrajzyg? ol@OD;av;rSmrl pdwfxdckdufvSpGmjzifh rsuf&nfrsufcGufESifh ol@wltm; ol@ESrtm;0ac:oGm;+yD [kjyefajzavonf? apmoa*;rSm pdwfxdckdufrSifoufrd&m toufyifr±_Ekdif/ ±_dufIyifrxGufawmhyg? rnfonfht&mukdr#vnf; rjrifawmhyg? ol@tdwfukdvG,f/ vSHukdukdif+yD; ol@ESraemufokd@ wpfcgxJvkdufoGm;avonf? olajy;vkdufonfrSm em;yifrem;yg? cvkwfwdkufaomfvnf; emrSef;rodyg? ol@ESrtm; toufwpfr#cspf&m vGefpGmoem;ojzifh toJuJGvkjzpfaeayonf?&ifwpfckvHk; awmufavmifvSonf?

“ighESrav;&,fæ rif;toufrS±Sdao;&J›vm;æ b,favmufawmifcHpm;ae&+yDvJæ rif;tpm; igvmcHpm;ay;r,f ”rsuf&nfylrsm;ESifh twltawG;rsm; &ifxJwGifwpfqkd@aeavonf? apmoa*;0±Gma&mufcgeD;wGif vl}uD;wpfOD;tm; vSrf;awG@vkdufonf?

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ol&yfvkduf+yD; xdktzkd;}uD;tm;æ“tzkd;æ b,foGm;rvkd@vJ” [kar;&mxkdtzkd;}uD;uvJ rdwfaqGrsm;udkvufcsnf/ vdyfjymac:yJGtwGuf vkdufzdwfrnfhta=umif;jyefajymavonf? +yD;onfESifh xkdtzkd;}uD;u qufoGm;&mapmoa*;rSmvnf; ajy;vkdufjyefavonf? apmoa*;±GmxJa&mufaomtcg vlwpfOD;wpfa,mufukdr# rawG@yg? olonftdrf}uD;wpfvHk;ay:okd@wufoGm;&m 0rsm;t&ufrl;+yD; tm;vHk;tdyfaysmfaeonfukd awG@&avonf? ol@ESrrSmrl =uyfckd;pifay:wGif emusOfvSpGmjzifh nnf;nL+yD; owdvpfoGm;avonf? apmoa*;rSm v#ifjrefjzwfvwfolyDyD ol@vSHESifh0tm;vHk;.vnfacsmif;tm; ckwfjzwfvkduf+yD; ol@ESrtm; ayG@,l+yD;ajc/ vufrsm;ukdjznfay;+yD; aq;wpfcGufwkdufum wpfukd,fvHk;±SdaoG;rsm;ukd okwfay;umxrf;+yD;jyefavonf? vrf;wGif 0tzkd;}uD;tm; xyfrHIvSrf;awG@&m ol@ESrtm; 0Sufxm;vkduf+yD; xkdtzkd;}uD;ESifh pum;oGm;ajymavonf? 0tzkd;}uD;u ol@tm;uGrf;±Guf/ uGrf;oD;au|;ojzihf oluvnf;pm;+yD; tzkd;}uD;uol@tdwfukdvG,fum jyefoGm;avonf? tzkd;}uD;xGufoGm;onfESifh aemufzufrS ajz;ajz;vkdufoGm;+yD; vnfacsmif;tm; ckwfjzwfvkdufavonf?tzkd;}uD;onfvnfacsmif;jywfonfESifh ol@tm; “igod&ifrif;ukdt&ifpm;w,f” [kajymvkdufavonf?

apmoa*;rSm tvGefa'goxGufojzifh xkdtavmif;tm; awmufawmufpif;+yD; vrf;ay:wpfav#muf vkduf}uJvkdufavonf? 0.tom;prsm;onf u|wfrsm;jzpfoGm;+yD; rkd;±Gmv#if vrf;oGm;vrf;vmrsm;tay: wufI aoG;pkyfonfrSm ,ckwkdifjzpfayonf? (,ck0rsm;onf vlom;rpm;awmhyg)? apmoa*;onf ol@ESrtm;xrf;+yD; tjcm;±Gmwpf±Gmokd@ ac:oGm;avonf? +yD;aemuf aumif;rGefpGmaysmufuif;onftxd aq;ukavonf?aemfavmft,fonf ol@rdciftm; emusnf;rkef;wD;vSojzifh ol@±Gmokd@ rjyefawmhyg?

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xkd±GmwGif ±Gmvl}uD;rsm;ESifh ±Gmom;rsm;onf apmoa*;ESifh aemfavmft,fwkd@ukd wifhwifhw,fw,f vufxyfay;avonf? 0rf;uGJarmifESrESpfOD; t=uifvifr,m;tjzpf cspfcifpGmaygif;oif;=uavonf? r=umrD cspfp&maumif;vSaom om;uav;wpfa,mufukd &±Sdavonf? om;uav;rSmaxG;ayG@csifp&m aumif;vSonf? zGH@vnf;zGH@vSonf? okd@&mwGif wpfcsdefvHk;idkaeonf? vHk;0ròyH;r&,fyg? rdbESpfyg;rSm bmr#rvkyfwwfawmhyg? ckepfv/±Spfv±Sdonfhwkdifatmif ae@wkdif;ikdaeojzifh ol@zcifrSm aA'ifq&mxH oGm;wGufavonf? xkdokd@ðyvkyf&m ewfpm;ckdif;ojzifh ol@ZeD;tm; jyefvmajymavonf? aemfavmft,frSm ol@tm; zm;pnfjzLESifhvJvS,faom rdcifjzpfoltm; vGefpGmrkef;wD;vSonf? ewfpm;v#if rdbESpfyg;tm; jyefac:+yD;vmvkyfckdif;&rnf? rdbrsm;±Sdao;ojzifh xm;cJhIr&yg? aemfavmft,frSmtcufawG@vSygonf?

aemufqHk;wGif om;uav;tm; toufwpfr#cspf vS&m ol@a,musfm;tm;ol@rdbrsm;ukd oGm;ac:ckdif;vkdufavonf? apmoa*;rSm a,muQrESpfOD;tm;oGm;awG@onfhtcg rD;zkdab;wGif wpfa,muf wpfzufvSJae+yD; zkefrsm;txyfxyfESifh jzpfaeonfukd awG@&onf? tdrf atmufwGifvnf; tr_dufo±kdufrsm;/ aygif;yifjrufyifrsm;opfyif0g;yifrsm; ESifhjynfhaeonfukdawG@&onf?olwkd@ukd =unfh±_vkyfau|;rnfholr±Sdyg? apmoa*;onf a,muQrrsm;ukdtusKd;ta=umif;bmr#rajymyg? a,muQrrsm;ukd OD;av;/ ta': [komac:avonf? trkd;/ tyg;[krac:yg? xkd@aemuf a,muQrrsm;ukd Tokd@ajymavonf? “u|efawmf tcktwD;wkd@qD vm&wJhta=umif;uæ u|efawmfhom;av;[m wpfae@/ wpfae@id kbJik daewmbJæ wpfcgrSr&,fbl;æu|efawmfewfoGm;ar;awmhæ ewfpm;&r,fvkd@ajymw,fæ u|efawmfhrSmrdb/ a,muQrr±SdawmhwJhtwGuf twD;wkd@udkkvkyfay;bkd@ vmac:wmygæu|efawmfhzmomvkyfvkd@r&bl;æ vl}uD;olrawGvkyfay;rS&r,f”

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aemfavmft,f.rdbESpfyg;rSm nnf;wGm;Ix+yD; apmoa*;aemufvkdufoGm;avonf? rdbESpfyg;rSm touft±G,f}uD;+yDjzpfI rsufaphaumif;aumif;rjrif&awmhyg? ol@wlaemufvkdufoGm;+yD; ol@wltdrfa&mufaomtcgolwkd@orD;ESifhwlaom rdef;uav;wpfOD;ukd awG@avonf? olwkd@ukd trkd;/tyg;[krac:bJ “nm;/ wD;” [komac:avonf? vifr,m;ESpfa,mufrSmar;csifaomfvnf;rar;&Jyg? olwkd@orD;ESifhwlol [komxifavonf? olwdk@rtdyfrD olwkd@wluewfpm;jcif;ta=umif;ukd ar;jref;avonf? vifr,m;ESpfa,mufuvnf; “ighwla&æ rdbr±SdawmhwJholawG ewfpm;wJhtcgbk&m;pifaqmufp&mrvkdbl;æ rdb±SdwJholuawmh bk&m;pifaqmuf&r,f”apmoa*;c%em;axmif+yD; tdyfaysmfoGm;avonf? eHeufvif;v#if ol@OD;av;ESifhta':u ol@udkTokd@ajymavonf?

“zkkd;'dkcGm;a&æ rif;ajymawmh rdbr±Sdawmhbl;qkd+yD; tckbmvkd@bk&m;pifukdaqmufwmvJ”apmoa*;u “tkd;æ aqmuf+yD;+yDbJæ aeygapawmh” [kjyefajymvkdufavonf? apmoa*;tdrfatmufokd@oGm;+yD; 0ufoGm;zrf;&mæ 0ufrSm }uD;rm;vSojzifh zrf;I/ csDIr&ojzifh ol@ZeD;tm; vmul&efac:avonf? xkdtcgol@ZeD;rSm ±kwfw&ufarhoGm;+yD; rdbESpfyg;tm; “rkd;rkd;/ yg;yg; ajr;ukdcsDxm;æu|efrtrkd;wkd@om;rufukd 0ufoGm;ulzrf;rvkd@”[k ajymrdavonf? r,f}uD;/zkd;}uD;ESpfOD;rSm 0rf;omvHk;qkd@+yD; ajr;tm;vkcsD&m ajr;rSmESpfykdif;jywfrwwfjzpfaeavonf? xkdtcg orD;uolwkd@ukd Tokd@qlvkdufavonf?“wpfa,mufwpfvJcsDrSaygh 'Dvkdomvkae&if uav;aoawmhrSmbJ” xkdtcgrS tvk&yf+yD; tzkd;}uD;ut&ifcsDum tr,f}uD;uaemufrScsDavonf?tdrfoltdrfom;rsm; wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD;od=u+yDrkd@ 0rf;ajrmufvSayonf? olwkd@vkyfp&m±Sdonfukdvkyf+yD;onfhtcg rdbESpfyg;uorD;tm; twlaecGifhðy&efawmif;yef=uavonf?

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“trkd;eJ@tyg; 'DrSmvmaevkd@&ygw,fæ 'gayrJh trkd;tyg;wkd@ tdrfrSmwpfnjyeftdyf+yD;rSvmcJhygæ trkd;tyg;wkd@ tdrfrSmjyefrtdyfvkd@ b,faumif;rvJ”tar/ tazESpfa,mufrSm tdrfatmufokd@qif;oGm;aomfvnf; tdrfrjyefyg? tdrfatmufrS0uf+cHxJwGifom tdyfavonf? orD;rSm reuftdyf,mrSxI csufðywf+yD; xrif;&nfukd tdrfatmufokd@iSJ@vkduf&m tarjzpfoluatmufrS atmfvkdufavonf? taru “zkd;rla&æ xrif;&nf trdk;ukdpifawmhr,f” [kajymvkduf&m orD;jzpfolrSm pdwfwkd+yD; rdbESpfyg;tm; jyefckdif;avonf? rdbESpfyg;rSm ysif;&dpGmESifhjyefoGm;avonf? tdrfa&mufItdyfonfhtcg wpfcgrSrkd;rvif;Ekdifawmhyg? a,musfm;u vufukd=uufuJhokd@cgvkduf+yD; =uufzwGefouJhokd@wGef+yD; rkd;vif;+yD [kajymvkdufavonf? ol@aq;vdyfESifh tdwfukdvG,fvkduf+yD; rdef;rrSm tdwfESifhtwl zm;pnfjzLukd vG,fvkdufavonf? vrf;wGif r,m;vJv#ifa,musfm;ausmfwuf/ a,musfm;vJv#ifr,m;ausmfwufESifh r=umcif orD;tdrfokd@a&mufoGm;avonf?

orD;rSm avSum;ab;wGif rdbrsm;ukdapmifhae&m tazu t&ifvmojzifhay;wufavonf? tarjzpfolukdrl ay;rwufyg? uefcsvkdufavonf?rdcifrSm jyefxvm+yD; zm;pnfjzLukdvG,fum wufvmjyefonf? orD;utarukd oHk;cgjynfhatmif uefcs+yD;onfhtcg ol@tartm; “wpfa,mufxJwufvmcJh zm;pnfjzLukd usrodyfrkef;w,fæ trkd;usrukd tJ'Dzm;pnfjzLeJ@vJpm;cJhwJhtwGufjzpfw,f” [kajymvkdufavonf? tarrSm zm;pnfjzLukdrufarmvSonf? tdrfay:okd@vnf;wufcsifvSonf? orD;jzpfolu ol@tm;zm;pnf,lvmcGifhray;yg? =umvmawmh xrif;qmvS+yDjzpfojzifh ol@zm;pnfjzLukdcsvkdufrS orD;u wufcGifhay;avonf? orD;rSm tdrfatmufokd@ qif;+yD; zm;pnfjzLtm; uefcsvdkufavonf? Tzm;pnfjzLrSm atmufokd@ vSdrfhoGm;+yD; arSmfausmufaqmiftxd vdrfhoGm;avonf? rdbESpfyg;rSm orD;/om;ruf/ ajr;ESifhtwl toufqHk;onfhtxd aexkdifoGm;avonf?

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Tzm;pnfjzLonf arSmfzm;pnfjzpf+yD; usufoa&±SdvSonf [kqkdprSwfðy=uonf? vjynfhae@na&mufv#if TarSmfausmufaqmiftwGif;±Sd tkdifxJrS zm;pnfoHxGufvm&m vGrf;armp&maumif;vSygonf? arSmfausmufaqmif±SdtkdifrSm usufoa&ESifhjynfhpHkaom tkdifjzpf+yD; om;ig;aygvSonf?vlrsm;ig;r#m;vkdygu ylaZmfyop&m wpfckck,loGm;&onf? yo+yD;rS ig;r#m;v#if ig;wpfaumif&ygu pm;I0avonf? TarSmfausmufaqmifonfa'bltkdiftxuf±Sd ,Gef;pvif;acsmif;. tkdifjzpfavonf? t*FvdyfvlrsKd;rsm; oGm;Ir&yg? vlrsm;oGm;v#if ol@ukd ‘zl;bGg’ [kac:&onf?‘arSmfausmufaqmif’ [kac:rdygu wdrfrsm;rJwufvm+yD; rkd;onf;xefpGm±Gmojzifh vlrsm;rae&JbJ jyefvm&avonf?

wprcgwGif rdbrJhuav;wpfOD;onf ol@tzGm;uajymjyojzifh oloGm;=unfhavonf? olonf zm;pnfjzLtm; vkdcsifvS&m tkdifapmifhewftm;oGm;awmif;avonf? olonf ylaZmfyo+yD;qkawmif;&m r=umrDzm;pnfjzL ay:vmavonf? arSmfausmufaqmift±Sifu ol@tm;zm;pnfjzLtm;xl;yGgqD qkdonfhtyifwpfrsKd;ESifh csnfaESmif&rnf? avsmfóud;ESifhcsnfaESmifygu rckdifyg [krSmavonf? rdbrJhuav;uvnf; xl;yGgqDtyifukdoGm;IEG,fóud;ukd,lum zm;pnfjzLukd xrf;+yD;jyefvmavonf? vrf;wGif pmwefrmewfwpfaumifay:vm+yD; ol@tm; trsKd;rsKd;aESmifh,Suf+yD; Tokd@ajymvkdufavonf?“rif;zm;pnfjzLukd 'Dxl;yGgqDtyifeJ@ csnfwmjywfus+yD; arSmfausmufaqmiftkdifxJukdbJ jyefvdrfhoGm;vdrfhr,f”xkdtcg rdbrJhrSm tdkifapmifhewfajympum;ukd arhoGm;+yD; av#mfukd,lIzm;pnfukd csnfvdkufjyefavonf? +yD;aemuf zm;pnfjzLtm; xrf;vkduf&mjywfus+yD; arSmfausmufaqmiftdkiftwGif;okd@ jyefvdrfhoGm;avonf? rdbrJh

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uav;rSm TarSmfzm;pnfukd r&±Sdawmhyg? vjynfhonfhtcsdefwGif TarSmfausmufaqmifrS zm;pnfoHukd =um;&+rJjzpfonf [kajymprSwfðy=uonf?

TarSmfausmufaqmifonf tvGefausmf=um;ojzifh vltrsm;u oGm;=unfhcsif=uavonf? okd@&mwGif TarSmfausmufaqmifrSm arSmfausmufaqmifjzpf&m vlrsm;roGm;&Jyg? "gwfyHkvnf;±kdufIr&yg? oGm;onfholrsm;rSmrdrdwkd@ ,Hk=unf&mbmomtwkdif; bk&m;±Sdckd;+yD;rS oGm;&onf? r[kwfyguav}uD;rkd;}uD;uswwfygonf? TarSmfausmufaqmifonf vSy+yD; usufoa&±Sdonhf obm0u zefqif;xm;onhfausmufaqmif}uD; jzpfayonf?u&ifjynfe,ftwGif;rS TvSyIusufoa&±Sdaom ausmufaqmif}uD;onf ,ckxufwkdifwnf±Sdaeavonf?