Teaching Access Technology: What to Teach When Ike Presley American Foundation for the Blind 100...

Teaching Access Technology: What to

Teach When

Ike Presley American Foundation for the Blind 100 Peachtree Street, Suite 2145Atlanta, GA 30303 [email protected] www.afb.org

Copyright © 2013 AFB. All rights reserved.

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mailto:[email protected]

http://www.afb.org/

Teaching Access Technology:What?

• Tools for accessing printed information– Visually, tactilely, auditorily

• Tools for accessing electronic information– Visually, tactilely, auditorily

• Tools for writing– Visually, tactilely, auditorily

• Tools for producing materials in alternate formats– Large print, braille, auditory


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Teaching Access Technology:When?

• Early Intervention

• Elementary school

• Middle school

• High school


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Teaching Access Technology:Early Intervention

• Assessing infants, toddlers & Pre K–See “Help for Young Learners: How To

Choose AT?” http://ldonline.org/article/8088

• General Concepts–Get parents involved• Awareness of what tech can do for kids

–Make it fun• This is a way to make things happen

–Help kids get the idea• What it can do for you


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http://ldonline.org/article/8088


• General Concepts

–Cause & effect

–Switch toys

–Physical orientation to equipment

–Directionality of keyboard

–Respect for equipmentCopyright © 2013 AFB. All rights reserved.

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Visual• Accessing objects / graphics / print–Glasses–Stand magnifier–Video magnifier

• Make it fun!–Show how optical device• Makes things bigger• Reveals details


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Visual• Accessing electronic information–Eye-hand coordination, touch window–Color coded keyboarding• See “Keyboarding - Color Coding Scheme & Strategies”

–Matching keys

and symbols


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Visual• Tools for writing–Crayons–Markers–Pens & pencils–Screen board–Stencils–Tracing patterns

• Keep it fun, we aren’t in school yet


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Tactile• Discriminating tactile skills–Objects and models

• Exploring simple tactile graphics• Begin using braille writer–Positional relationships, paper & brailler–Scribbling on brailler–Building hand strength and appropriate position


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Auditory• Listening skills – human readers• Awareness of synthesized speech• Using a simple tape / digital recorder• Manipulation of equipment–button, knobs, & levers do different things

• Steps to getting something done


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Teaching Access Technology:Elementary School

• What is determined by the assistive

technology (AT) assessment

–Tools for accessing printed information

–Tools for accessing electronic information

–Tools for writing


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Visual• Accessing printed information–Basic use of optical devices• Use high interest materials – Make it fun!• Hand-held and stand magnifiers• Telescopes• Video magnifiers, near & distance

–Use of non-optical devices• Lighting, indoor & outdoor• Reading / book stands


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Visual

• Accessing printed information–Large print books, high interest material• When & where

–Photocopying enlargement• When & where

–Teacher made large print• Preferred font / point size–Reading, copying & worksheets


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Visual• Accessing electronic information–Computers – Keyboarding (see “Keyboarding & Word

Processing Instruction”)

• Use talking word processor (Write Outloud, IntelliTalk)

–Set font & point size for comfortable viewing

• Teacher instructs & dictates– Typing / keyboarding book

• Print to share / Save for documentation• Keyboarding software

–Drill & practice, not instruction


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Visual

• Accessing electronic information–Computers• Basic screen magnification features

–Basic word processing• Opening, saving & printing files• View, font & point size adjustments

–Basic web navigation & searching• On-line dictionary and thesaurus


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Visual

• Accessing electronic information–Tools for converting printed information

into electronic information• Specialized scanning systems–Displays in preferred font & point size–Adds highlighting and synthesized speech–Audio supported reading

– Introduce tablet computerCopyright © 2013 AFB. All rights reserved.

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Visual

• Producing written communications–Manual tools• Bold / raised lined paper, markers• Bold lined graph paper for math

–Electronic tools• Dedicated word processors–Neo and Dana from AlphaSmart

• Imaging software, worksheetsCopyright © 2013 AFB. All rights reserved.

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Visual

• Producing written communications–Electronic tools• Talking word processor• Computer with word processing and screen

magnification software–Navigation–Editing – inserting / deleting–Opening / saving / printing–Spell check / thesaurus / grammar check


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Tactile

• Accessing printed information–Braille reading• Hard copy & electronic

–Tactile graphics• Expose to various production methods• Simple maps, graphs & diagrams


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Tactile

• Accessing electronic information–Accessible PDA with braille display

• Braille reading tool

–Opening & reading files

–Downloading files

• Don’t worry about other features

– Teach them as you can


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Tactile• Accessing electronic information–Computers – Keyboarding (see “Keyboarding & Word


• Use talking word processor (Write Outloud, IntelliTalk)

–Set font & point size for comfortable viewing


• Print to share / Save for documentation• Keyboarding software

–Drill & practice, not instruction


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Tactile

• Accessing electronic information–Computers• Begin teaching use of screen reading software–Navigation & speech parameters

• Simple word processing –Opening, saving & printing files

• Web browsing & page navigation


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Tactile

• Producing written communications–Manual tools• Braille writer• Slate & stylus• Producing graphical information

–Electronic tools• Mountbatten Brailler• Perkins Smart Brailler


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Tactile

• Producing written communications–Electronic tools• Talking word processor–Navigation / Editing – inserting / deleting

• Computer with word processing and screen reading software–Navigation / Editing – inserting / deleting–Opening / saving / printing–Spell check / thesaurus / grammar check


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Auditory

• Accessing printed information–Developing audio supported reading skills• See “Audio Supported Reading” &

“Suggestions for Teaching ASR”

–Using a human reader

–Analog & Digital Talking Books (DTB)

–Digital recorder

–Specialized scanning systemsCopyright © 2013 AFB. All rights reserved.

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Auditory

• Accessing electronic information–Accessible PDA• Text reading tool–Opening & reading files–Downloading files

• Don’t worry about other features– Teach them as you can


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Auditory

• Accessing electronic information–Computers – Keyboarding (see “Keyboarding & Word


• Use a talking word processor (Write Outloud, IntelliTalk)


• Print to share / Save for documentation• Keyboarding software–Drill & practice, not instruction


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Auditory

• Accessing electronic information–Computers• Begin teaching screen reading software–Navigation & speech parameters

• Simple word processing–Opening, saving & printing files

• Web browsing & page navigation


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Auditory

• Producing written communications–Talking word processor

–Computer with word processing and screen reading software• Navigation• Editing – inserting / deleting• Opening / saving / printing• Spell check / thesaurus / grammar check


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Teaching Access Technology: Literacy

• Technology literacy–Some states use test to determine

proficiency in use of technology.

–Others use the idea of embedded assessment to gauge students’ skills by looking at how they use technology in the context of the curriculum.


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Teaching Access Technology:Middle School

• What is determined by the assistive technology (AT) assessment–Tools for accessing printed

information




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Visual• Accessing printed information–Refine use of optical devices–Develop speed & efficiency with video

magnifiers• Learn to use distance feature for board work

–Learn which device is best for different tasks–Learn to scan printed documents • Convert to electronic documents


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Visual

• Accessing electronic information–Computers • Improve keyboarding speed / efficiency• Accessibility features–Display properties / screen resolution

• Screen magnification–Efficient navigation–Selecting best features for tasks–Saving configurations


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Visual

• Accessing electronic information–Computers• Web use–Refine searching skills–Determine best screen magnification features

• Other applications–Consistent with general education curriculum

–Expand use of tablet computer


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Visual• Producing written communication–Computer word processing skills• Copy / paste / move / search & replace• Basic formatting

–Accessible PDA• Note taking• Calculator, address book• Scheduling with calendar• Using clock features to organize time


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Tactile

• Accessing printed information–Braille reading• Increase speed and comprehension

–Tactile graphics• Wider variety of production methods• More complex maps, graphs & diagrams


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Teaching Access Technology: Middle School

Tactile

• Accessing electronic information–Accessible PDA with braille display• Braille reading tool–Searching for specific text–Efficient navigation

• Calculator, address book• Scheduling with calendar• Using clock features to organize time


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Tactile• Accessing electronic information–Computers• Improve keyboarding speed & efficiency• Screen reading software / braille display–Additional features as needed

• Web browsing & searching• Other applications–Consistent with general education curriculum

–Expand use of tablet computerCopyright © 2013 AFB. All rights reserved.

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Tactile

• Accessing electronic information

–Specialized scanning systems

• Scan, read, save

• Open in word processor

• Use to open other files

–E-booksCopyright © 2013 AFB. All rights reserved.

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Tactile

• Producing written communications–Manual tools• Slate & stylus• Producing graphical information

–Electronic tools• Accessible PDA–Note taking


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Tactile

• Producing written communications–Electronic tools• Computer with word processing and

screen reading software–Copy / paste / move–Search & replace–Basic formatting


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Auditory

• Accessing printed information–Continue development ASR skills• More complicated subject material

–Digital Talking Books / E-books• Assist in ordering books

–Specialized scanning systems• Teach additional features

–Using a reader • Organizing time & materials


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Auditory

• Accessing electronic information–Accessible PDA• Text reading tool–Searching for specific text–Efficient navigation

• Calculator, address book• Scheduling with calendar• Using clock features to organize time


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Auditory• Accessing electronic information–Computers• Improve keyboarding speed & efficiency• Screen reading software

–Additional features as needed

• Web browsing & searching• Other applications

–Consistent with general education curriculum

–Expand use of tablet computerCopyright © 2013 AFB. All rights reserved.

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Auditory

• Accessing electronic information

–Specialized scanning systems

• Scan, read, save

• Open in word processor

• Use to open other files

–E-booksCopyright © 2013 AFB. All rights reserved.

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Auditory

• Producing written communications–Electronic tools• Accessible PDA–Note taking–Use digital recording as back-up

• Computer with word processing and screen reading software–Copy / paste / move / search & replace–Basic formatting


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Teaching Access Technology:High School

• What is determined by the assistive technology (AT) assessment–Tools for accessing printed

information




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Teaching Access Technology: High School

Visual

• Accessing printed information–Select best optical device for task

– Improve speed & efficiency with video magnifiers

–Learn about different types of video magnifiers• Which is best for specific tasks


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Visual

• Accessing electronic information–Computers • Keyboarding–Continue to improve speed and accuracy

• Screen magnification–Advanced features

• Learn to use with other applications


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Visual• Accessing electronic information–Learn to combine technologies• Typed notes from regular print / LP materials• Information from scanned materials• Information from web• Information from recordings• Information from e-books• Information from tablets and smart phone


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Visual

• Producing written communication–Computers• Word processing skills–Styles and advanced formatting

–Accessible PDA• Note taking– Lectures–Print materials–Recorded materials


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Tactile

• Accessing printed information–Braille reading• Continue to improve speed and

comprehension

–Tactile graphics• Working with more advanced

representations


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Tactile

• Accessing electronic information–Accessible PDA with braille display• Braille reading tool• E-mail• Internet browsing• Way finding


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Tactile

• Accessing electronic information–Computers• Keyboarding–Continue to improve speed & efficiency

• Screen reading software–Advanced features

• Web browsing & searching• Learn to use with other applications


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Tactile

• Accessing electronic information• Learn to combine technologies• Typed notes from braille materials• Information from scanned materials• Information from web• Information from recordings• Information from e-books• Information form tablets and smart phones


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Tactile• Producing written communications–Computer with word processing and

screen reading software• Styles and advanced formatting

–Accessible PDA• Note taking

– Lectures–Print materials–Recorded materials


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Auditory

• Accessing printed information– Improve efficiency of audio supported

reading skills

–Scheduling & using readers

–Digital Talking Books (DTB)• Order books

–E-books

–Specialized scanning systemsCopyright © 2013 AFB. All rights reserved.

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Auditory

• Accessing electronic information–Accessible PDA with speech• Text reading tool• E-mail• Internet browsing• Way finding


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Auditory

• Accessing electronic information–Computers • Keyboarding–Continue to improve speed and accuracy

• Screen reading software–Advanced features

• Other applications–Consistent with general education

curriculumCopyright © 2013 AFB. All rights reserved.

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Auditory

• Accessing electronic information–Learn to combine technologies• Typed notes from print materials• Information from scanned materials• Information from web• Information from recordings• Information from e-books• Information from tablets and smart phones


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Auditory• Producing written communications–Computer with word processing and

screen reading software• Styles and advanced formatting

–Accessible PDA• Note taking

– Lectures–Print materials–Recorded materials


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Teaching Access Technology: What to Teach When

Ike Presley

American Foundation for the Blind

100 Peachtree Street, Suite 2145

Atlanta, GA 30303

404-525-2303

[email protected]

www.afb.org


62

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.afb.org/

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